primipilusn.

Brit.

/ˌprʌɪmᵻˈpʌɪləs/, U.S.

/ˌpraɪmᵻˈpaɪləs/

Inflections: Plural primipili.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin prīmipīlus.

Etymology: < classical Latin prīmipīlus chief centurion of the first maniple of the third rank in a legion, senior centurion of the legion < prīmus prime adj. + pīlum pile n.¹, in form probably after prīmī pīlī centuriō centurion of the prīmum pīlum , the first maniple of the third rank. Compare Italian primipilo (first half of the 14th cent.). Compare earlier primipile n. N.E.D. (1908) enters this under primipile.

Roman History.

The chief centurion of the first maniple of the third rank in a legion. In extended use: any leading figure in a movement, cause, protest, etc. (now rare).

ΚΠ

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. viii. viii. 287 Two Primipili or chiefe Centurions there were amongst the Triarij in the one armie & the other.

1632 W. Struther Looking Glasse for Princes & People Pref. sig. ¶2^v They [sc. popes] are neither as Primipili or Triarij, but rather Rorarij and Ferentarij amongst the Legions, more for number than for weight.

1682 G. Vernon Life P. Heylyn 259 One, who called him the Primipilus, or chief of the Defenders of Prelacy.

1703 B. Kennett Romæ Antiquæ Notitia (ed. 3) ii. x. 205 The Primipili or Chief Centurions, had the Honour to stand with the Tribunes, near the General's Person.

1760 T. Nugent tr. P. Macquer Chronol. Abridgm. Rom. Hist. 122 The most honourable of the centurions was the primipilus who was the centurion of the right hand order of the first manipulus.

1851 W. Smith School Dict. Greek & Rom. Antiq. 75/2 The primipilus was entrusted with the care of the eagle, and had the right of attending the councils of the general.

1898 Daily News 14 Feb. 6/5 Mr. William O'Brien, a primipilus in the Parnell movement.

1912 H. S. Jones Compan. Rom. Hist. iii. 260 The squadrons were commanded by praefecti of equestrian rank, who had generally earned their promotion by service in the land forces, e. g. as primipili, legionary tribunes or commanders of auxiliary troops.

1946 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 67 319 His first equestrian honor..was conferred upon him in the spring of 193, after he became primipilus but before he assumed command of the cavalry groups operating in Italy.

2000 Classical Rev. 50 638 A statue-base was set up in a.d. 184 by L. Maximius Gaetulicus who, as primipilus of Legio I Italica, fulfilled the vow he had made as a simple soldier.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	primipilus
释义	primipilusn. Brit. /ˌprʌɪmᵻˈpʌɪləs/, U.S. /ˌpraɪmᵻˈpaɪləs/ Inflections: Plural primipili. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin prīmipīlus. Etymology: < classical Latin prīmipīlus chief centurion of the first maniple of the third rank in a legion, senior centurion of the legion < prīmus prime adj. + pīlum pile n.¹, in form probably after prīmī pīlī centuriō centurion of the prīmum pīlum , the first maniple of the third rank. Compare Italian primipilo (first half of the 14th cent.). Compare earlier primipile n. N.E.D. (1908) enters this under primipile. Roman History. The chief centurion of the first maniple of the third rank in a legion. In extended use: any leading figure in a movement, cause, protest, etc. (now rare). ΚΠ 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. viii. viii. 287 Two Primipili or chiefe Centurions there were amongst the Triarij in the one armie & the other. 1632 W. Struther Looking Glasse for Princes & People Pref. sig. ¶2^v They [sc. popes] are neither as Primipili or Triarij, but rather Rorarij and Ferentarij amongst the Legions, more for number than for weight. 1682 G. Vernon Life P. Heylyn 259 One, who called him the Primipilus, or chief of the Defenders of Prelacy. 1703 B. Kennett Romæ Antiquæ Notitia (ed. 3) ii. x. 205 The Primipili or Chief Centurions, had the Honour to stand with the Tribunes, near the General's Person. 1760 T. Nugent tr. P. Macquer Chronol. Abridgm. Rom. Hist. 122 The most honourable of the centurions was the primipilus who was the centurion of the right hand order of the first manipulus. 1851 W. Smith School Dict. Greek & Rom. Antiq. 75/2 The primipilus was entrusted with the care of the eagle, and had the right of attending the councils of the general. 1898 Daily News 14 Feb. 6/5 Mr. William O'Brien, a primipilus in the Parnell movement. 1912 H. S. Jones Compan. Rom. Hist. iii. 260 The squadrons were commanded by praefecti of equestrian rank, who had generally earned their promotion by service in the land forces, e. g. as primipili, legionary tribunes or commanders of auxiliary troops. 1946 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 67 319 His first equestrian honor..was conferred upon him in the spring of 193, after he became primipilus but before he assumed command of the cavalry groups operating in Italy. 2000 Classical Rev. 50 638 A statue-base was set up in a.d. 184 by L. Maximius Gaetulicus who, as primipilus of Legio I Italica, fulfilled the vow he had made as a simple soldier. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1600
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