progymnospermn.

Brit.

/prəʊˈdʒɪmnə(ʊ)spəːm/, U.S.

/proʊˈdʒɪmnəˌspərm/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; probably modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: pro- prefix², gymnosperm n.

Etymology: < pro- prefix² + gymnosperm n., probably after French progymnosperme ( G. de Saporta & A.-F. Marion L'Évolution du règne végétal: les phanérogames (1885) I. i. 14). Compare pro-angiosperm n.

Botany.

Originally: a primitive or ancestral gymnosperm. Now: spec. any of a group of sporogenous fossil plants having secondary wood resembling that of gymnosperms.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > fossil plants > [noun]

cycadite18..

Bothrodendron1835

lepidodendron1836

calamite1837

sphenophyllum1837

stigmaria1845

polyporite1846

fucoid1848

Muscites1859

lepidodendrid1863

Bennettites1871

lepidodendroid1872

progymnosperm1885

pteridosperm1904

Bennettitales1907

seed fern1907

1885 Nature 30 July 289/2 The Progymnosperms are among the earliest plants known, and already occupied an important position in Carboniferous floras.

1905 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 197 239 It might appear desirable to establish a group analogous to..the Progymnosperms..for the Palæozoic Spermophytes.

1962 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 49 381/1 Just where Archaeopteris fits in the scheme of progymnosperm and gymnosperm evolution is impossible at present to conclude. That it is, indeed, a progymnosperm, is supported by much evidence.

1976 P. Bell & D. Coombe tr. Strasburger's Textbk. Bot. (new ed.) iii. i. 392 The historical sequence from the sporogenous progymnosperms to gymnosperms and finally to the angiosperms.

2000 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 22 Apr. e5 Before the Devonian Period ended, Trimerophytes had been replaced by Progymnosperms, which, thanks to the evolution of true roots and stronger trunks, could grow even taller.

Derivatives

† progymnospermic adj. [after French progymnospermique ( G. de Saporta & A.-F. Marion L'Évolution du règne végétal: les phanérogames (1885) I. i. 13)] Obsolete rare.

ΚΠ

1886 Nature 25 Feb. 389/2 In the remote past..the cambium layer may have existed in an irregular or fugitive manner in the ‘pro-angiospermic’, as it did in the ‘pro-gymnospermic’ stem.

ˌprogymnoˈspermous adj. of, relating to, or involving a progymnosperm.

ΚΠ

1885 Nature 30 July 289/2 The transformation is actually found to have progressed through three distinct stages—the progymnospermous, the gymnospermous, and the metagymnospermous.

1967 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 54 767/2 Leaves of Coniferopsida arose from ultimate branchlets of progymnospermous ‘fronds’.

2003 Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 160 643 Extensive brackish bays existed during early highstand, distally fringed by gymnospermous and putative progymnospermous coastal and/or upland vegetation.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	progymnosperm
释义	progymnospermn. Brit. /prəʊˈdʒɪmnə(ʊ)spəːm/, U.S. /proʊˈdʒɪmnəˌspərm/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; probably modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: pro- prefix², gymnosperm n. Etymology: < pro- prefix² + gymnosperm n., probably after French progymnosperme ( G. de Saporta & A.-F. Marion L'Évolution du règne végétal: les phanérogames (1885) I. i. 14). Compare pro-angiosperm n. Botany. Originally: a primitive or ancestral gymnosperm. Now: spec. any of a group of sporogenous fossil plants having secondary wood resembling that of gymnosperms. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > fossil plants > [noun] cycadite18.. Bothrodendron1835 lepidodendron1836 calamite1837 sphenophyllum1837 stigmaria1845 polyporite1846 fucoid1848 Muscites1859 lepidodendrid1863 Bennettites1871 lepidodendroid1872 progymnosperm1885 pteridosperm1904 Bennettitales1907 seed fern1907 1885 Nature 30 July 289/2 The Progymnosperms are among the earliest plants known, and already occupied an important position in Carboniferous floras. 1905 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 197 239 It might appear desirable to establish a group analogous to..the Progymnosperms..for the Palæozoic Spermophytes. 1962 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 49 381/1 Just where Archaeopteris fits in the scheme of progymnosperm and gymnosperm evolution is impossible at present to conclude. That it is, indeed, a progymnosperm, is supported by much evidence. 1976 P. Bell & D. Coombe tr. Strasburger's Textbk. Bot. (new ed.) iii. i. 392 The historical sequence from the sporogenous progymnosperms to gymnosperms and finally to the angiosperms. 2000 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 22 Apr. e5 Before the Devonian Period ended, Trimerophytes had been replaced by Progymnosperms, which, thanks to the evolution of true roots and stronger trunks, could grow even taller. Derivatives † progymnospermic adj. [after French progymnospermique ( G. de Saporta & A.-F. Marion L'Évolution du règne végétal: les phanérogames (1885) I. i. 13)] Obsolete rare. ΚΠ 1886 Nature 25 Feb. 389/2 In the remote past..the cambium layer may have existed in an irregular or fugitive manner in the ‘pro-angiospermic’, as it did in the ‘pro-gymnospermic’ stem. ˌprogymnoˈspermous adj. of, relating to, or involving a progymnosperm. ΚΠ 1885 Nature 30 July 289/2 The transformation is actually found to have progressed through three distinct stages—the progymnospermous, the gymnospermous, and the metagymnospermous. 1967 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 54 767/2 Leaves of Coniferopsida arose from ultimate branchlets of progymnospermous ‘fronds’. 2003 Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 160 643 Extensive brackish bays existed during early highstand, distally fringed by gymnospermous and putative progymnospermous coastal and/or upland vegetation. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1885
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