prosecutionn.

Brit.

/ˌprɒsᵻˈkjuːʃn/, U.S.

/ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃ(ə)n/

Forms: 1500s prosecucon, 1500s pursecution (English regional), 1500s–1600s prosequution, 1500s– prosecution, 1600s presecution, 1600s prysecusion; Scottish pre-1700 prosecutione, pre-1700 prosecutioun, pre-1700 prosecutioune, pre-1700 prosequitioun, pre-1700 prosequutione, pre-1700 prosequutioun, pre-1700 1700s– prosecution.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prosecution; Latin prosecution-, prosecutio.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French prosecution pursuit, action of following, furtherance, (legal) prosecution (1294 in Old French), in Anglo-Norman also persecution (14th cent.) and its etymon post-classical Latin prosecution-, prosecutio escort, retinue (3rd cent.), statement, explanation (4th cent.), initiation of legal action (6th cent.; frequently c1115–1595 in British sources), carrying out (12th cent.; frequently c1078–1440 in British sources), right of pursuit (13th cent.) < classical Latin prōsecūt- , past participial stem of prōsequī prosecute v. + -iō -ion suffix¹.

a. The following up, continuation, or pursuit of any action, scheme, or purpose with a view to its accomplishment or completion.Now frequently with reference to the conduct of a war.In earliest use (quot. 1545): the action of pressing a person to achieve some object.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > continuing > following up, through, or prosecution > [noun]

suinga1325

prosecution1545

conveyance1572

through-handlinga1586

carriage1589

pursuita1631

throughing1638

pursuance1642

persecution1647

transaction1655

pursual1878

follow-up1904

follow-through1918

1545 Bp. S. Gardiner Let. 5 Nov. (1933) 173 He renounced his opinion to the Kynges Majestye and promysed to recant, not at my sute, persecution, or prosecution.

1567 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 529 Proceding still in the prosequutioun of that rychtuous querrell.

1589 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1881) 1st Ser. IV. 440 The prosequutioun of hir jornay.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 701 The same deuises, diligence, labour, prosecution, and obseruations, are to bee vsed in thee hunting of the Boare.

1682 Modest Enq. Election Sheriffs London 13 The Design, in prosecution whereof, they are so zealous.

1747 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1851) V. 142 For the present to lay aside the prosecution of the intended Expedition.

1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Misc. Tracts 244/1 At Anoopsheher I recruited the necessary supplies for the prosecution of my journey.

1852 H. Rogers Eclipse of Faith 198 In the prosecution of their object.

1884 Manch. Examiner 22 May 5/2 Nothing was to be gained by the further prosecution of the war.

1939 Brit. Jrnl. Tuberculosis 33 148 An unprecedented wealth of material for the prosecution of their..researches.

1983 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 18 Apr. 23 A greater burden devolved upon the Army for prosecution of the conflict.

2000 Observer 18 June (Review section) 11/6 The seizure of the Enigma codebooks was..among the crucial episodes in Britain's prosecution of the war.

†b. Continuation; an instance of this. in prosecution: in the sequel, subsequently, in due course. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > after, afterwards, or later

sitheneOE

aftereOE

sithOE

eftOE

latterOE

aftOE

sithencea1170

sithrec1175

thereup?c1225

baftc1275

furtherc1290

eftsoon1297

therewithala1300

afterwardc1300

afterwardsc1300

soc1300

therewithc1369

eftersoonsa1400

suingly?a1425

at after1425

followingly?c1425

afterhand1438

syne1489

by posteriority1523

in sequel1524

still1526

later1527

subsequently1537

senthis?1553

lately1565

subsequent1568

behindc1600

sequelarly1600

posterior1628

in prosecutiona1641

subsequentiallya1683

artera1746

posteriorly1799

ulteriorly1818

later on1829

the world > time > duration > [noun] > long duration or lasting through time > lengthening in duration or prolonging > a continuation

pursuita1393

remanenta1500

continuance1552

continuation1580

prosecutiona1641

rolling1800

a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) iv. 255 Antipater his eldest son, of whom we shall heare much in prosecution.

a1672 Earl of Sandwich tr. A. A. Barba Art of Metals (1674) ii. 64 (heading) In prosecution of the Chapter foregoing.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 454/1 This Chapter is a prosecution of the latter end of the foregoing.

†2.

a. Effort (esp. through legal action) to obtain or get possession of something. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > endeavour > [noun] > attempt to obtain

purchasec1330

suitc1475

captation1523

prosecution1564

the mind > possession > acquisition > [noun] > by care or effort > ability to be > effort to obtain

prosecution1564

1564 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 309 Quhilkis gudis the saidis Bonauenture Bodeker and Conradt Van Boekert causit to be persewit. And in the prosequitioun thairof, the materis cumin to that end, that the saidis gudis ar put, be inventure, in the handis of certane cautionaris.

1587 E. Hake Oration conteyning Expostulation sig. D.i The gracelesse prosecution of some daungerous and abortiue Title.

1628 W. Prynne Briefe Suruay Mr. Cozens 41 These are so taken vp with..the eager prosecution of some fat Benefice.

b. The action of pursuing or following a person, etc.; a pursuit or chase; (also) hunting. Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > progressive motion > order of movement > following behind > [noun] > pursuit

chase1297

suitc1300

pursuita1387

chasingc1440

prosecution1567

dogging1611

pursuement1615

followinga1649

pursuance1648

pursual1797

1567 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 530 The prosequutioun of the committaris of the said cruell murthour.

1582 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1880) 1st Ser. III. 53 In the prosequutioun of the saidis thevis and brokin men.

1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iii. xvi. 147 Dogges of Prosequution: as Beagles, Terriers, and such like.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. xv. 65 When I should see behinde me Th' ineuitable prosecution of disgrace and horror.

1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar Exhort. §16 Let us therefore press after Jesus, as Elisha did after his Master, with an inseparable prosecution, even whithersoever he goes.

†3. The detailed study or description of a subject; an instance of this, an investigation, an exposition. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > [noun] > action of investigating

vesteyinga1425

exquisitionc1430

investigationa1450

inspect1490

exploration1544

prosecution1564

indagation1583

investigating1598

searchant1635

explorement1646

eyeballing1959

security check1970

1564 E. Grindal Serm. Funeral Prince Ferdinandus sig. A.iij^v Of such like exhortacio[n] to prepare against death, the scriptures are most full, & so plaine, that this part needeth no long prosecution.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 300 My purpose was onely to touch the heads of things, reseruing my selfe to heereafter for the particular prosecution.

1659 T. Bushell (title) Abridgement of the Lord Chancellor Bacon's philosophical theory in mineral prosecutions.

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) 1 It is not here seasonable to make a large prosecution of the particular instances.

1707 J. Witty First Princ. Mod. Deism Confuted 234 But from what has already been offer'd any particular large prosecution of this Head is intirely superseded.

1770 W. Jones Remarks on Confessional iv. 110 (heading) The Author's Manner and Language in the prosecution of his subject, compared with some other Writings against the Polity and Doctrines of the Church of England.

4. Law.

a. The instituting and conducting of legal proceedings against a person or persons in respect of a criminal charge; an instance of this. Also: the instituting and conducting of legal proceedings in pursuit of a claim (sometimes regarded as an irregular use).In technical language, prosecution denotes the initial presentation of a criminal charge against a person before a court of justice, rather than any part of the subsequent action.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > accusation, allegation, or indictment > [noun]

wrayingc1000

indictment1303

accusationa1382

information1387

appeaching1401

allegeancea1430

supposal1429

accuse?a1439

appealing1440

ditingc1440

indictingc1440

detection1471

cusing1488

indictament1523

arraigning1533

denouncement1544

arraignment1549

raignment1570

delation1578

denunciation1588

prosecution1590

accusement1596

inditure1614

aggravation1626

arraign1638

delating1820

billing1884

beef1928

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > [noun] > litigation or going to law

pleadingc1275

suita1325

suing1440

persecution1466

processing1478

lawingc1485

prosecution1590

litigation1661

soliciting1709

impleading1878

1590 Visitation Diocese Chester in Chetham Misc. (1875) V. 12 Now they taking aduantage and courage to themselues by these..proceedings..bringing vs in question at the assises and sessions, for these matters of inconformitie:..We feele not a more grieuous smart by the prosecucons of those whome wee hold for reuerend fathers.

1593 R. Cosin Apol. for Sundrie Proc. (rev. ed.) viii. 72 Is it not vsuall with them [sc. judges],..without any enditement or other prosecution of partie, to call such supposed offender vnto examination before them?

a1640 P. Massinger Beleeue as you List (1976) iii. i. 51 [They] commit vnto your abler trust the prosecution of this impostor.

1675 in P. H. Brown Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1911) 3rd Ser. IV. 660 Except what he may obtean by prosecution of ane action of improbation.

1715 London Gaz. No. 5298/3 Prosecutions..concerning unaccustomed and Prohibited Goods.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xxi. 289 The regular and ordinary method of proceeding in the courts of criminal jurisdiction..may be distributed under twelve general heads... 1. Arrest; 2. Commitment and bail; 3. Prosecution; 4. Process; 5. Arraignment, and it's incidents; 6. Plea and issue; 7. Trial, and conviction; [etc.].

1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 993 Of the Action on the Case for a Malicious Prosecution, and in what Cases such Action may be maintained.

1891 Spectator 13 June 822/2 To cow men into silence by threats of prosecution.

1923 Glasgow Herald 10 Oct. 7/1 Licenceless owners will make themselves liable to prosecution if discovered by the Post Office inspectors.

1978 Audubon Mar. 111/2 Hooper was tripped up by former clients who testified rather than face prosecution.

1992 New Republic 11 May 44/ 1 High-ranking officials escaped prosecution while numerous small fry were imprisoned.

2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 3 Sept. 23/1 Before the nineteenth century, domestic violence did not usually result in prosecution.

b. The party instituting or conducting legal proceedings against someone in a lawsuit. Chiefly with the.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > accusation, allegation, or indictment > [noun] > one who accuses of crime > the prosecution

Reg.1622

king1675

queen1713

Reginaa1715

rexa1715

crown1725

prosecution1746

state1783

people1801

1746 Proc. Sessions of Peace London & Middlesex i. 281/1 There will be no occasion for us, who are concerned in behalf of the Prosecution, to say any thing by way of Aggravation of the Crime for which the Prisoner has been indicted.

1796 J. Warren Trial Bishop of Bangor 8 Mr Warren then opened the case on behalf of the prosecution.

1874 A. Trollope Phineas Redux II. xxvii. 213 Such error on the part of the prosecution in regard to the alleged guilt of the prisoner.

1888 Battle Creek (Mich.) Jrnl. 7 Mar. The prosecution stated that it would be impossible to secure a conviction in either case.

1891 Daily News 30 Sept. 2/5 [He] contended that..two of the prosecution witnesses had really favoured the case of the defendant.

1931 W. Faulkner Sanctuary xxvii. 324 Can the prosecution show how this question is relevant?

1967 Atlantic Reporter 2nd Ser. 223 703/1 Plea bargaining between the prosecution and the defense is a frequently resorted to technique.

2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 25 June c3/3 Many lawyers not involved in that case..said the prosecution had brought too many charges.

c. Director of Public Prosecutions n. an English law officer (now head of the Crown Prosecution Service) appointed by the Attorney General to oversee the instituting and conducting of criminal proceedings in the public interest; cf. public prosecutor n. at public adj. and n. Compounds 1b.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] > state or public law officers > state or public prosecutor

quaestora1387

promoter1485

fiscal1539

actor1598

fisc1732

public prosecutor1750

district attorney1856

Director of Public Prosecutions1879

procurator1917

D.A.1934

D.P.P.1942

1879 Act 42 & 43 Vict. c. 22 §2 A Secretary of State may from time to time appoint an officer to be called the Director of Public Prosecutions... It shall be the duty of the Director of Public Prosecutions, under the Superintendence of the Attorney General, to institute, undertake, or carry on such criminal proceedings..as may be..prescribed by regulations under this Act.

1884 Act 47 & 48 Vict. c. 58 §2 On and after the passing of this Act..the person for the time holding the office of Solicitor for the affairs of Her Majesty's Treasury shall be Director of Public Prosecutions.

1902 L. L. Shadwell in Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 1/2 The director of public prosecutions attends the trial [of election petitions] personally or by representative.

1962 Listener 15 Mar. 459/2 Warrants of this kind would be normally executed by special branch officers acting under the directions of the Director of Public Prosecutions.

2004 H. Kennedy Just Law (2005) xiii. 262 Already the Director of Public Prosecutions has expressed a willingness to disclose and use evidence in telephone taps in court.

5. The carrying out, performance, or practice of a pursuit, occupation, craft, etc.; an instance of this. Now archaic (chiefly in formal use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > doing > practice, exercise, or doing > [noun]

workingOE

hauntinga1325

exercise1393

occupation1432

exercite1485

practicec1487

function1576

exercitation1579

extent1594

gestion1599

prosecution1605

carrying1711

1605 Denmylne MSS in J. R. N. Macphail Highland Papers (1920) III. 108 The prosequutioun of ȝour maiesteis seruice in the Yllis by suche meanis as we thoght..least grevous.

1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments To Rdr. 7 In the prosequution of this businesse.

1707 J. Addison Present State War (1708) 1 Their Prosecutions of Commerce, and Pursuits of Universal Monarchy.

1782 J. H. St. J. de Crèvecoeur Lett. from Amer. Farmer iv. 147 Each seeks in the prosecution of his lawful business that honest gain which supports them.

1823 W. Scoresby Jrnl. Voy. Northern Whale-fishery p. xv The original design of the voyage..was the prosecution of the Whale-Fishery.

1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 76/2 Well calculated for the successful prosecution of ostreoculture.

1931 J. G. Crowther Outl. of Universe p. xiv The proper scientific journalist should devote the whole of his intellectual energy to the prosecution of his craft.

2002 Advisor Today (Nexis) Aug. 55 If one..was unable to perform the substantial and material acts or duties necessary to the prosecution of one's business or occupation.., one was considered totally disabled.

†6. Persecution; an instance of this. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > persecution

cravinga1300

warrayinga1300

persecutionc1350

persecutionc1384

pursuita1387

persecuting1543

dragooning1691

prosecution1702

dragonnadesa1715

hounding1887

dragoonage1894

witch-hunting1918

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iii. 177 An Instance of as great Animosity, and Indirect Prosecution,..as can be given.

1759 D. Hume Hist. Eng. under House of Tudor II. ii. 491 Requiring him..to desist from the farther prosecution of his Queen's party.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prosecution
释义	prosecutionn. Brit. /ˌprɒsᵻˈkjuːʃn/, U.S. /ˌprɑsəˈkjuʃ(ə)n/ Forms: 1500s prosecucon, 1500s pursecution (English regional), 1500s–1600s prosequution, 1500s– prosecution, 1600s presecution, 1600s prysecusion; Scottish pre-1700 prosecutione, pre-1700 prosecutioun, pre-1700 prosecutioune, pre-1700 prosequitioun, pre-1700 prosequutione, pre-1700 prosequutioun, pre-1700 1700s– prosecution. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prosecution; Latin prosecution-, prosecutio. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French prosecution pursuit, action of following, furtherance, (legal) prosecution (1294 in Old French), in Anglo-Norman also persecution (14th cent.) and its etymon post-classical Latin prosecution-, prosecutio escort, retinue (3rd cent.), statement, explanation (4th cent.), initiation of legal action (6th cent.; frequently c1115–1595 in British sources), carrying out (12th cent.; frequently c1078–1440 in British sources), right of pursuit (13th cent.) < classical Latin prōsecūt- , past participial stem of prōsequī prosecute v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. 1. a. The following up, continuation, or pursuit of any action, scheme, or purpose with a view to its accomplishment or completion.Now frequently with reference to the conduct of a war.In earliest use (quot. 1545): the action of pressing a person to achieve some object. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > following up, through, or prosecution > [noun] suinga1325 prosecution1545 conveyance1572 through-handlinga1586 carriage1589 pursuita1631 throughing1638 pursuance1642 persecution1647 transaction1655 pursual1878 follow-up1904 follow-through1918 1545 Bp. S. Gardiner Let. 5 Nov. (1933) 173 He renounced his opinion to the Kynges Majestye and promysed to recant, not at my sute, persecution, or prosecution. 1567 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 529 Proceding still in the prosequutioun of that rychtuous querrell. 1589 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1881) 1st Ser. IV. 440 The prosequutioun of hir jornay. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 701 The same deuises, diligence, labour, prosecution, and obseruations, are to bee vsed in thee hunting of the Boare. 1682 Modest Enq. Election Sheriffs London 13 The Design, in prosecution whereof, they are so zealous. 1747 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1851) V. 142 For the present to lay aside the prosecution of the intended Expedition. 1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Misc. Tracts 244/1 At Anoopsheher I recruited the necessary supplies for the prosecution of my journey. 1852 H. Rogers Eclipse of Faith 198 In the prosecution of their object. 1884 Manch. Examiner 22 May 5/2 Nothing was to be gained by the further prosecution of the war. 1939 Brit. Jrnl. Tuberculosis 33 148 An unprecedented wealth of material for the prosecution of their..researches. 1983 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 18 Apr. 23 A greater burden devolved upon the Army for prosecution of the conflict. 2000 Observer 18 June (Review section) 11/6 The seizure of the Enigma codebooks was..among the crucial episodes in Britain's prosecution of the war. †b. Continuation; an instance of this. in prosecution: in the sequel, subsequently, in due course. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > after, afterwards, or later sitheneOE aftereOE sithOE eftOE latterOE aftOE sithencea1170 sithrec1175 thereup?c1225 baftc1275 furtherc1290 eftsoon1297 therewithala1300 afterwardc1300 afterwardsc1300 soc1300 therewithc1369 eftersoonsa1400 suingly?a1425 at after1425 followingly?c1425 afterhand1438 syne1489 by posteriority1523 in sequel1524 still1526 later1527 subsequently1537 senthis?1553 lately1565 subsequent1568 behindc1600 sequelarly1600 posterior1628 in prosecutiona1641 subsequentiallya1683 artera1746 posteriorly1799 ulteriorly1818 later on1829 the world > time > duration > [noun] > long duration or lasting through time > lengthening in duration or prolonging > a continuation pursuita1393 remanenta1500 continuance1552 continuation1580 prosecutiona1641 rolling1800 a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) iv. 255 Antipater his eldest son, of whom we shall heare much in prosecution. a1672 Earl of Sandwich tr. A. A. Barba Art of Metals (1674) ii. 64 (heading) In prosecution of the Chapter foregoing. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 454/1 This Chapter is a prosecution of the latter end of the foregoing. †2. a. Effort (esp. through legal action) to obtain or get possession of something. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > [noun] > attempt to obtain purchasec1330 suitc1475 captation1523 prosecution1564 the mind > possession > acquisition > [noun] > by care or effort > ability to be > effort to obtain prosecution1564 1564 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 309 Quhilkis gudis the saidis Bonauenture Bodeker and Conradt Van Boekert causit to be persewit. And in the prosequitioun thairof, the materis cumin to that end, that the saidis gudis ar put, be inventure, in the handis of certane cautionaris. 1587 E. Hake Oration conteyning Expostulation sig. D.i The gracelesse prosecution of some daungerous and abortiue Title. 1628 W. Prynne Briefe Suruay Mr. Cozens 41 These are so taken vp with..the eager prosecution of some fat Benefice. b. The action of pursuing or following a person, etc.; a pursuit or chase; (also) hunting. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > order of movement > following behind > [noun] > pursuit chase1297 suitc1300 pursuita1387 chasingc1440 prosecution1567 dogging1611 pursuement1615 followinga1649 pursuance1648 pursual1797 1567 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 530 The prosequutioun of the committaris of the said cruell murthour. 1582 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1880) 1st Ser. III. 53 In the prosequutioun of the saidis thevis and brokin men. 1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iii. xvi. 147 Dogges of Prosequution: as Beagles, Terriers, and such like. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. xv. 65 When I should see behinde me Th' ineuitable prosecution of disgrace and horror. View more context for this quotation 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar Exhort. §16 Let us therefore press after Jesus, as Elisha did after his Master, with an inseparable prosecution, even whithersoever he goes. †3. The detailed study or description of a subject; an instance of this, an investigation, an exposition. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > [noun] > action of investigating vesteyinga1425 exquisitionc1430 investigationa1450 inspect1490 exploration1544 prosecution1564 indagation1583 investigating1598 searchant1635 explorement1646 eyeballing1959 security check1970 1564 E. Grindal Serm. Funeral Prince Ferdinandus sig. A.iij^v Of such like exhortacio[n] to prepare against death, the scriptures are most full, & so plaine, that this part needeth no long prosecution. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 300 My purpose was onely to touch the heads of things, reseruing my selfe to heereafter for the particular prosecution. 1659 T. Bushell (title) Abridgement of the Lord Chancellor Bacon's philosophical theory in mineral prosecutions. a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) 1 It is not here seasonable to make a large prosecution of the particular instances. 1707 J. Witty First Princ. Mod. Deism Confuted 234 But from what has already been offer'd any particular large prosecution of this Head is intirely superseded. 1770 W. Jones Remarks on Confessional iv. 110 (heading) The Author's Manner and Language in the prosecution of his subject, compared with some other Writings against the Polity and Doctrines of the Church of England. 4. Law. a. The instituting and conducting of legal proceedings against a person or persons in respect of a criminal charge; an instance of this. Also: the instituting and conducting of legal proceedings in pursuit of a claim (sometimes regarded as an irregular use).In technical language, prosecution denotes the initial presentation of a criminal charge against a person before a court of justice, rather than any part of the subsequent action. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > accusation, allegation, or indictment > [noun] wrayingc1000 indictment1303 accusationa1382 information1387 appeaching1401 allegeancea1430 supposal1429 accuse?a1439 appealing1440 ditingc1440 indictingc1440 detection1471 cusing1488 indictament1523 arraigning1533 denouncement1544 arraignment1549 raignment1570 delation1578 denunciation1588 prosecution1590 accusement1596 inditure1614 aggravation1626 arraign1638 delating1820 billing1884 beef1928 society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > [noun] > litigation or going to law pleadingc1275 suita1325 suing1440 persecution1466 processing1478 lawingc1485 prosecution1590 litigation1661 soliciting1709 impleading1878 1590 Visitation Diocese Chester in Chetham Misc. (1875) V. 12 Now they taking aduantage and courage to themselues by these..proceedings..bringing vs in question at the assises and sessions, for these matters of inconformitie:..We feele not a more grieuous smart by the prosecucons of those whome wee hold for reuerend fathers. 1593 R. Cosin Apol. for Sundrie Proc. (rev. ed.) viii. 72 Is it not vsuall with them [sc. judges],..without any enditement or other prosecution of partie, to call such supposed offender vnto examination before them? a1640 P. Massinger Beleeue as you List (1976) iii. i. 51 [They] commit vnto your abler trust the prosecution of this impostor. 1675 in P. H. Brown Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1911) 3rd Ser. IV. 660 Except what he may obtean by prosecution of ane action of improbation. 1715 London Gaz. No. 5298/3 Prosecutions..concerning unaccustomed and Prohibited Goods. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xxi. 289 The regular and ordinary method of proceeding in the courts of criminal jurisdiction..may be distributed under twelve general heads... 1. Arrest; 2. Commitment and bail; 3. Prosecution; 4. Process; 5. Arraignment, and it's incidents; 6. Plea and issue; 7. Trial, and conviction; [etc.]. 1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 993 Of the Action on the Case for a Malicious Prosecution, and in what Cases such Action may be maintained. 1891 Spectator 13 June 822/2 To cow men into silence by threats of prosecution. 1923 Glasgow Herald 10 Oct. 7/1 Licenceless owners will make themselves liable to prosecution if discovered by the Post Office inspectors. 1978 Audubon Mar. 111/2 Hooper was tripped up by former clients who testified rather than face prosecution. 1992 New Republic 11 May 44/ 1 High-ranking officials escaped prosecution while numerous small fry were imprisoned. 2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 3 Sept. 23/1 Before the nineteenth century, domestic violence did not usually result in prosecution. b. The party instituting or conducting legal proceedings against someone in a lawsuit. Chiefly with the. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > accusation, allegation, or indictment > [noun] > one who accuses of crime > the prosecution Reg.1622 king1675 queen1713 Reginaa1715 rexa1715 crown1725 prosecution1746 state1783 people1801 1746 Proc. Sessions of Peace London & Middlesex i. 281/1 There will be no occasion for us, who are concerned in behalf of the Prosecution, to say any thing by way of Aggravation of the Crime for which the Prisoner has been indicted. 1796 J. Warren Trial Bishop of Bangor 8 Mr Warren then opened the case on behalf of the prosecution. 1874 A. Trollope Phineas Redux II. xxvii. 213 Such error on the part of the prosecution in regard to the alleged guilt of the prisoner. 1888 Battle Creek (Mich.) Jrnl. 7 Mar. The prosecution stated that it would be impossible to secure a conviction in either case. 1891 Daily News 30 Sept. 2/5 [He] contended that..two of the prosecution witnesses had really favoured the case of the defendant. 1931 W. Faulkner Sanctuary xxvii. 324 Can the prosecution show how this question is relevant? 1967 Atlantic Reporter 2nd Ser. 223 703/1 Plea bargaining between the prosecution and the defense is a frequently resorted to technique. 2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 25 June c3/3 Many lawyers not involved in that case..said the prosecution had brought too many charges. c. Director of Public Prosecutions n. an English law officer (now head of the Crown Prosecution Service) appointed by the Attorney General to oversee the instituting and conducting of criminal proceedings in the public interest; cf. public prosecutor n. at public adj. and n. Compounds 1b. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] > state or public law officers > state or public prosecutor quaestora1387 promoter1485 fiscal1539 actor1598 fisc1732 public prosecutor1750 district attorney1856 Director of Public Prosecutions1879 procurator1917 D.A.1934 D.P.P.1942 1879 Act 42 & 43 Vict. c. 22 §2 A Secretary of State may from time to time appoint an officer to be called the Director of Public Prosecutions... It shall be the duty of the Director of Public Prosecutions, under the Superintendence of the Attorney General, to institute, undertake, or carry on such criminal proceedings..as may be..prescribed by regulations under this Act. 1884 Act 47 & 48 Vict. c. 58 §2 On and after the passing of this Act..the person for the time holding the office of Solicitor for the affairs of Her Majesty's Treasury shall be Director of Public Prosecutions. 1902 L. L. Shadwell in Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 1/2 The director of public prosecutions attends the trial [of election petitions] personally or by representative. 1962 Listener 15 Mar. 459/2 Warrants of this kind would be normally executed by special branch officers acting under the directions of the Director of Public Prosecutions. 2004 H. Kennedy Just Law (2005) xiii. 262 Already the Director of Public Prosecutions has expressed a willingness to disclose and use evidence in telephone taps in court. 5. The carrying out, performance, or practice of a pursuit, occupation, craft, etc.; an instance of this. Now archaic (chiefly in formal use). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > practice, exercise, or doing > [noun] workingOE hauntinga1325 exercise1393 occupation1432 exercite1485 practicec1487 function1576 exercitation1579 extent1594 gestion1599 prosecution1605 carrying1711 1605 Denmylne MSS in J. R. N. Macphail Highland Papers (1920) III. 108 The prosequutioun of ȝour maiesteis seruice in the Yllis by suche meanis as we thoght..least grevous. 1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments To Rdr. 7 In the prosequution of this businesse. 1707 J. Addison Present State War (1708) 1 Their Prosecutions of Commerce, and Pursuits of Universal Monarchy. 1782 J. H. St. J. de Crèvecoeur Lett. from Amer. Farmer iv. 147 Each seeks in the prosecution of his lawful business that honest gain which supports them. 1823 W. Scoresby Jrnl. Voy. Northern Whale-fishery p. xv The original design of the voyage..was the prosecution of the Whale-Fishery. 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 76/2 Well calculated for the successful prosecution of ostreoculture. 1931 J. G. Crowther Outl. of Universe p. xiv The proper scientific journalist should devote the whole of his intellectual energy to the prosecution of his craft. 2002 Advisor Today (Nexis) Aug. 55 If one..was unable to perform the substantial and material acts or duties necessary to the prosecution of one's business or occupation.., one was considered totally disabled. †6. Persecution; an instance of this. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > persecution cravinga1300 warrayinga1300 persecutionc1350 persecutionc1384 pursuita1387 persecuting1543 dragooning1691 prosecution1702 dragonnadesa1715 hounding1887 dragoonage1894 witch-hunting1918 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iii. 177 An Instance of as great Animosity, and Indirect Prosecution,..as can be given. 1759 D. Hume Hist. Eng. under House of Tudor II. ii. 491 Requiring him..to desist from the farther prosecution of his Queen's party. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1545
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