protomartyrn.

Brit.

/ˈprəʊtəʊˌmɑːtə/, U.S.

/ˈproʊdoʊˌmɑrdər/

Forms: late Middle English prothomartir, late Middle English protomarter, late Middle English–1600s prothomartyr, 1500s– protomartyr, 1600s protomartire.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prothomartir; Latin protomartyr.

Etymology: < Middle French prothomartir title given to St Stephen (13th cent. in Old French; also as prothomartyre (c1380); Middle French, French protomartyr ) and its etymon post-classical Latin protomartyr first martyr, spec. St Stephen (5th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. in British sources, with reference either to St Stephen or (as first martyr in England) St Alban) < classical Latin prōto- proto- comb. form + post-classical Latin martyr martyr n., after Byzantine Greek πρωτομάρτυς (4th cent.). Compare Old Occitan protomartre (c1420), Catalan protomàrtir (1534 as prothomàrtir), Spanish protomártir (c1236), Portuguese protomártir (1593), Italian protomartire (c1260).For earlier use of post-classical Latin protomartyr in an English context compare the following: OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) iii. 201 He [sc. Stephanus] is gecweden protomartyr þæt is se forma cyþere, for ðan þe he æfter cristes þrowunge ærest martyrdom geðrowade.

The earliest martyr for any cause or in any particular place or period; spec. (a) St. Stephen, the first Christian martyr; (b) the first Christian martyr of a particular country.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > martyrdom > [noun] > one who undergoes > first

protomartyra1450

a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) 43 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 415 (MED) Ther also men may seen..The prothomartir seyn Steuene with his stonys.

a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) 58 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 415 Seynt Albon, Prothomartyr off this regioun.

c1460 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Oseney Abbey (1907) 76 (MED) These thynges were i-doo In þe vigile of Seynt Albon prothomartir of Inglonde in þe church of Seynte Marye Mawdelen of oxonforde.

a1555 N. Ridley in M. Coverdale Certain Lett. Martyrs (1564) 73 Agayne I blesse God in our deare brother and of thys tyme protomartyr Rogers, that he was also..a prebendarye preacher of London.

1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xii. 187 That [declaration] which S. Stephen the Prothomartyr made, in his discourse to the Iewes.

1612 J. Davies Muses Sacrifice 34 Then, with that Protomartire, shall I see..The teaming beauty of the Trinitie.

c1661 Mrq. Argyle's Last Will in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) II. 508 Archibald, Marquis of Argyle, the Devil's viceroy in the Highlands, and the most sacred covenant's protomartyr in the Low.

1701 D. Defoe True-born Englishman ii. 13 The Preists [sic], as Priests are wont to do, turn'd Tail..Pretend they'd not ha' carry'd things so high; And Proto-Martyrs make for Popery.

1742 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 435/1 With Hampden firm assertor of her laws, And proto-martyr in the glorious cause.

1800 J. Cottle Alfred 67 The scribes and pharisees having..put to death Stephen the proto-martyr, the rest of Christ's disciples were dispersed.

1855 D. C. Eddy Daughters of Cross 195 She stood with her husband beside the grave of Burmah's proto-martyr.

1877 C. W. Shields Final Philos. 205 As early as the twelfth century Arnold of Brescia,..proto-martyr of civil liberty, had perished.

1925 Art. Bull. 7 138 The scene is dominated by the tall, animate form of the mother, who, as proto-martyr, is given the nimbus and title of a saint.

1953 E. Waugh Let. 12 Dec. (1980) 642 The protomartyrs of the English Reformation suffered on May 4 of that year.

1997 J. Walsh 40 Martyrs Eng. & Wales 11 Saint Cuthbert Mayne. The protomartyr of the English seminaries, came from the West Country.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	protomartyr
释义	protomartyrn. Brit. /ˈprəʊtəʊˌmɑːtə/, U.S. /ˈproʊdoʊˌmɑrdər/ Forms: late Middle English prothomartir, late Middle English protomarter, late Middle English–1600s prothomartyr, 1500s– protomartyr, 1600s protomartire. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prothomartir; Latin protomartyr. Etymology: < Middle French prothomartir title given to St Stephen (13th cent. in Old French; also as prothomartyre (c1380); Middle French, French protomartyr ) and its etymon post-classical Latin protomartyr first martyr, spec. St Stephen (5th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. in British sources, with reference either to St Stephen or (as first martyr in England) St Alban) < classical Latin prōto- proto- comb. form + post-classical Latin martyr martyr n., after Byzantine Greek πρωτομάρτυς (4th cent.). Compare Old Occitan protomartre (c1420), Catalan protomàrtir (1534 as prothomàrtir), Spanish protomártir (c1236), Portuguese protomártir (1593), Italian protomartire (c1260).For earlier use of post-classical Latin protomartyr in an English context compare the following: OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) iii. 201 He [sc. Stephanus] is gecweden protomartyr þæt is se forma cyþere, for ðan þe he æfter cristes þrowunge ærest martyrdom geðrowade. The earliest martyr for any cause or in any particular place or period; spec. (a) St. Stephen, the first Christian martyr; (b) the first Christian martyr of a particular country. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > martyrdom > [noun] > one who undergoes > first protomartyra1450 a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) 43 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 415 (MED) Ther also men may seen..The prothomartir seyn Steuene with his stonys. a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) 58 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 415 Seynt Albon, Prothomartyr off this regioun. c1460 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Oseney Abbey (1907) 76 (MED) These thynges were i-doo In þe vigile of Seynt Albon prothomartir of Inglonde in þe church of Seynte Marye Mawdelen of oxonforde. a1555 N. Ridley in M. Coverdale Certain Lett. Martyrs (1564) 73 Agayne I blesse God in our deare brother and of thys tyme protomartyr Rogers, that he was also..a prebendarye preacher of London. 1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xii. 187 That [declaration] which S. Stephen the Prothomartyr made, in his discourse to the Iewes. 1612 J. Davies Muses Sacrifice 34 Then, with that Protomartire, shall I see..The teaming beauty of the Trinitie. c1661 Mrq. Argyle's Last Will in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) II. 508 Archibald, Marquis of Argyle, the Devil's viceroy in the Highlands, and the most sacred covenant's protomartyr in the Low. 1701 D. Defoe True-born Englishman ii. 13 The Preists [sic], as Priests are wont to do, turn'd Tail..Pretend they'd not ha' carry'd things so high; And Proto-Martyrs make for Popery. 1742 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 435/1 With Hampden firm assertor of her laws, And proto-martyr in the glorious cause. 1800 J. Cottle Alfred 67 The scribes and pharisees having..put to death Stephen the proto-martyr, the rest of Christ's disciples were dispersed. 1855 D. C. Eddy Daughters of Cross 195 She stood with her husband beside the grave of Burmah's proto-martyr. 1877 C. W. Shields Final Philos. 205 As early as the twelfth century Arnold of Brescia,..proto-martyr of civil liberty, had perished. 1925 Art. Bull. 7 138 The scene is dominated by the tall, animate form of the mother, who, as proto-martyr, is given the nimbus and title of a saint. 1953 E. Waugh Let. 12 Dec. (1980) 642 The protomartyrs of the English Reformation suffered on May 4 of that year. 1997 J. Walsh 40 Martyrs Eng. & Wales 11 Saint Cuthbert Mayne. The protomartyr of the English seminaries, came from the West Country. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1450
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