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单词 puisne
释义

puisneadj.n.

Brit. /ˈpjuːni/, U.S. /ˈpjuni/
Forms: 1500s puine, 1500s– puisne, 1600s pui'nee, 1600s puiney, 1600s puiny, 1600s puisnie, 1600s pu'ne, 1600s pu'nee, 1600s pu'ness (plural), 1600s pusney, 1600s pusnie, 1600s–1700s puisné, 1600s–1700s puisny, 1700s puisnè, 1700s puisnee, 1900s puiné. See also puny n.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French pusné, puisné.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman pusné, puiné, puné, punie, etc. and Anglo-Norman and Middle French puisné (French puîné ) younger, youngest, especially of siblings (a1174 or earlier in Old French), later, more recent (a1327 in Anglo-Norman), weakly (a1327 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), junior (a1412 or earlier in Anglo-Norman) < puis (c1050 in Old French; < an unattested post-classical Latin form *postius , alteration of classical Latin posteā afterwards (see postea n.), after melius better) + (see adj.). Compare Old Occitan poisnat , puysnat . Compare the variant puny n., puny adj. (apparently always only a graphic variant) which shows the earliest evidence of the word in English.With use as noun compare Anglo-Norman and Middle French puisné (a1174 or earlier in Old French). The following apparently either shows a reborrowing from French, or an isolated literary revival in sense A. 1a:1930 E. Pound Draft of XXX Cantos xxix. 135 Poisoned his brother puiné Laying blame on Siena. In sense A. 1b after Law French puisne, puysne, adjective (in puisne justice: 1600 or earlier; earlier designating the most junior justice of a court of law ( 1571 or earlier)).
A. adj.
1.
a. Born later; younger; junior (in appointment, etc.). Cf. puny adj. 1. Obsolete.mulier puisne: see mulier n.2
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > junior person > [adjective]
youngOE
youngerOE
puisne1565
minor1575
puny1579
junior1623
jun.1708
mi1791
Junr.1813
tertius1870
the world > life > source or principle of life > age > [adjective] > younger than an age > younger
youngerOE
puisne1565
after-born?1575
secundus1826
society > authority > office > holder of office > [adjective] > subordinate
secondary1450
subordinatec1485
puny1579
sublunary1624
puisne1705
junior1766
1565 T. Stapleton in tr. F. Staphylus Apol. f. 162v Neither may you..be offended..iff a young scholer and puine student in diuinite aduenter to encounter with you.
1609 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. (ed. 2) Puiney, younger borne.
a1618 J. Sylvester Funeral Elegie M. Wyts in G. de S. Du Bartas Divine Weekes & Workes (1621) 1168 Vnder her Virgin-sway, Her puisne Orphan-sisters to defray.
1664 V. Oldis in A. Brome Songs (ed. 2) sig. B5 The puisne Law-wrights too may spare to look On this grave Sirs reports.
1705 in T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 30 Dec. (O.H.S.) I. 152 Being his Puisne Chancellor by 7 years.
1724 London Gaz. No. 6307/3 The Poor Knights..began the Procession.., the Puisné going foremost.
1812 Times 31 Jan. 3/3 If this alarming news should prove true..public indignation..must break out in direct addresses to the Prince Regent for the removal of Mr. Yorke and his puisne colleagues.
b. Law. Designating any judge, justice, etc., other than the most senior in the higher courts of law.Now only in the United Kingdom and some former British dependencies (as Canada, Australia, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [adjective] > inferior
puny1579
secondary1599
puisne1648
1648 J. March Reports 124 Because it was before that Mallet the puisne Judge was Judge, the Court gave order that it should be argued again.
1688 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. IV. 136 Mr. Serjeant Stringer..is made puisné judge of the King's Bench.
1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. iv. 41 The judges of this court are at present four in number, one chief and three puisnè justices.
1792 N.-Y. Directory 179 Officers of the State of New-York... Officers in the Supreme Court. Hon. Robert Yates, Chief Justice. Hon. John Sloss Hobart, Hon. John Lansing, jun. Puisne Judges. John M'Kesson, Clerk.
1876 C. M. Yonge Cameos cxxvi, in Monthly Packet May 410 Sir John, though nearly ninety, still sat as senior puisne judge in the Court of King's Bench.
1877 Act 40 & 41 Vict. c. 9 §5 A puisne judge of the High Court of Justice means for the purposes of this Act a judge of the High Court other than the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Chief Justice of England, the Master of the Rolls, the Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, and the Lord Chief Baron.
1885 Dict. National Biogr. I. 28/2 In..1816, he accepted a puisne judgeship in the court of Common Pleas.
1959 Dict. National Biogr. 1941–50 710/2 He was appointed chief justice of Bengal, the first puisne judge of the Calcutta High Court to be so promoted.
1986 Canberra Times 7 May 25/5 The senior puisne judge (who is an absolute moral for the Chief Justiceship come February next year).
1994 National (Canad. Bar Assoc.) June 28/3 He was appointed a puisne judge of the Quebec Superior Court at 42.
2006 Belfast News Let. (Nexis) 7 Sept. (News section) 4 Two of Northern Ireland's most senior judges are to retire... Their successors will come from within the current panel of ten puisne judges.
2. Small, insignificant; petty; ineffectual, weak, puny. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > [adjective]
evil971
lowc1175
poor?c1225
feeblec1275
vilea1300
petty1372
unthende1377
secondary1386
petitc1390
unmeeta1393
illa1400
commonc1400
coarse1424
indigent1426
unlikelyc1450
lesser1464
gross1474
naughty1526
inferior1531
reprobate?1545
slender1577
unlikely1578
puny1579
under1580
wooden1592
sordid1596
puisne1598
provant1601
subministrant1604
inferious1607
sublunary1624
indifferent1638
undermatched1642
unworthy1646
underly1648
turncoated1650
female1652
undergraduate1655
farandinical1675
baddishc1736
ungenerous1745
understrapping1762
tinnified1794
demi-semi1805
shabby1805
dicky1819
poor white1821
tin-pot1838
deterior1848
substandard1850
crumby1859
cheesy1863
po'1866
not-quite1867
rocky1873
mouldy1876
low-grade1878
sketchy1878
midget1879
junky1880
ullaged1892
abysmal1904
bodgie1905
junk1908
crap1936
ropy1941
bodger1945
two-star1951
tripey1955
manky1958
schlocky1960
cack1978
wank1991
bowf1994
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > of little importance or trivial
eathlyc890
lighteOE
littleOE
small?c1225
singlec1449
easy1474
triflous1509
naughty1526
slender1530
slight1548
shrimpish1549
slipper1567
truanta1572
toyous1581
trivious1583
mean1585
silly1587
nicea1594
puny?1594
puisne1598
pusill1599
whindling1601
sapless1602
non-significant1603
poor1603
unsignificant1603
flea-bite1605
perishing1605
lank1607
weightless1610
fonda1616
penny farthing1615
triviala1616
unweighty1621
transitory1637
twattling1651
inconsiderate1655
unserious1655
nugal1656
small drink1656
slighty1662
minute1668
paddling1679
snitling1682
retail1697
Lilliputian1726
vain1731
rattletrap1760
peppercornish1762
peppercorn1791
underling1804
venial1806
lightweight1809
floccinaucical1826
small-bore1833
minified1837
trantlum1838
piffling1848
tea-tabular1855
potty1860
whipping-snapping1861
tea-gardeny1862
quiddling1863
twaddling1863
fidgeting1865
penny ante1865
feather-weighted1870
jerkwater1877
midget1879
mimsy1880
shirttail1881
two-by-four1885
footle1894
skittery1905
footery1929
Mickey Mouse1931
chickenshit1934
minoritized1945
marginal1952
marginalized1961
tea-party1961
little league1962
marginalizing1977
minnowy1991
the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > unaccustomedness or state of disuse > [adjective] > not used or accustomed > not used or experienced
youngOE
inexpertc1450
unfleshed1542
green1548
fresha1557
callow1580
pen-feathered1598
puisne1598
puny1602
unfledgeda1616
inexperienced1626
pin-feathered1641
sucking1648
infledgeda1661
inexperient1670
fledgeless1769
wet behind the ears1851
1598 E. Guilpin Skialetheia ii. sig. B8v Another [poet] with his supple passion..Makes puisne Lucius in a simpathy In loue with's pibald Laundres.
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. iv. 39 As a puisny Tilter, yt spurs his horse but on one side.
c1635 H. Glapthorne Lady Mother (1959) iii. 59 More cunning then to be ore reacht by puisnie cosnage.
a1657 C. Croke Fortune's Uncertainty (1667) 31 Young Rodolphus, who immediately took this puisne Servitor to task.
1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters iii. 281 He..can not be dismayed at the puisnee threats..of the lesser factions.
1782 V. Knox Ess. (new ed.) II. clii. 279 Frighten a puisne race of peers.
1810 S. Green Romance Readers II. ix. 8 The three first children..were..all girls: at length, a puisne boy made his appearance.
3. Later, more recent; of subsequent date; secondary. Now only in legal use. puisne mortgage: a mortgage of unregistered land in which the lender does not hold the title deeds of the land as security.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > recency > [adjective] > more recent
junior1621
puny1628
puisne1655
low1897
1655 T. Fuller Hist. Univ. Cambr. iv. 63 in Church-hist. Brit. No mention in this visitation of Gonvil Hall, (the Pusnie House in Cambridge) as if so late and little, that the Commissioners did oversee it.
a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) 124 There would upon such a Supposition follow an Eternity that had a beginning, an Eternity that was puisne to some other thing or some other Eternal.
1787 J. J. Powell Treat. Law Mortgages (ed. 2) 558 Though the assets be equitable, debts on puisne mortgages shall be first discharged.
1884 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 12 430 As regards the further advance they were incumbrancers puisne to the plaintiffs.
1889 Sir A. Kekewich in Law Times 61 71/2 Powers of sale are to be found in second and other puisne mortgagees.
1902 Times 27 Mar. 5/2 A trustee is not obliged to lend trust money on a puisne mortgage.
1991 R. M. Coates Moeran's Pract. Conveyancing (ed. 12) 113 Since 1 January 1970 a puisne mortgage must be registered as a land charge under the Law of Property Act 1969.
2000 K. Gray & S. F. Gray Elem. Land Law (ed. 4) 732 The legal mortgage not protected by the deposit of title deeds—the so-called ‘puisne mortgage’—..requires protection by some form of registration.
B. n.
1. gen. A junior; an inferior, an underling; a novice. Obsolete.Quot. 1592 may be an example of the specific use at sense B. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > junior person > [noun]
youngestOE
youngerOE
youngerOE
juniora1530
young blood1557
puny1567
puisne1592
kid1690
minimus1848
baby1854
minor1864
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [noun]
lowerc1175
nethererc1443
inferior?1504
puny1579
under-being1587
puisne1592
subaltern1605
little sistera1634
undermatcha1661
wretch1688
sub-man1840
missing link1863
small-timer1910
society > education > learning > learner > [noun] > novice or beginner
younglingOE
new-comeOE
novice1340
ginner?c1400
beginner1470
apprentice1489
prentice1489
infant1526
freshmana1557
intrant1560
enterer1565
puny?1570
weakling1575
new comeling1587
novist1587
incipient1589
puisne1592
abecedary1596
neophyte1600
abecedarian1603
bachelor1604
novelist?1608
alphabetary1611
breeching boy1611
tiro1611
alphabetarian1614
principiant1619
unexperienced1622
velvet head1631
undergraduatea1659
young stager1664
greenhorn1672
battledore boy1693
youngster1706
tironist1716
novitiatea1734
recruit1749
griffin1793
initiate1811
Johnny Newcome1815
Johnny Raw1823
griff1829
plebe1833
Johnny-come-lately1839
new chum1851
blanc-bec1853
fledgling1856
rookie1868
elementarian1876
tenderfoot1881
shorthorn1888
new kid1894
cheechako1897
ring-neck1898
Johnny1901
rook1902
fresh meat1908
malihini1914
initiand1915
stooge1930
intakea1943
cub1966
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > of little worth
toy1573
puny1579
puisne1592
urchin1593
short-arse1706
rip1781
snip-jack1846
twopence1866
jerk1935
society > education > learning > learner > college or university student > [noun] > first-year student
puny1548
freshman1583
puisne1592
freshwomana1627
bejan1642
nib1655
jib1827
greeny1834
fox1839
freshie1845
rat1850
buttery Benjie1854
pennal1854
yellow-beak1865
fresher1875
yellow-neb1879
yearling1908
frosh1915
1592 Petition Ciuill Dissention v. 30 Euery puisne knoweth it is no treason to kill the Bb. [= Bishops] though it bee worthily treason to attempt any hurt to her Highnesse.
1598 E. Guilpin Skialetheia ii. sig. C5v Why thou young puisne art thou yet to learne, A harper from a shilling to discerne?
1616 B. Jonson Poëtaster (rev. ed.) iii. iv, in Wks. I. 307 To prey vpon pu'ness, and honest citizens, for socks, or buskins.
c1640 Capt. Underwit ii. i, in A. H. Bullen Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1883) II. 340 Preach to the puisnes of the Inne sobrietie.
1663 J. Heath Flagellum (1672) 29 Wherein Mr. Pym, Hambden, and other Puisnes with Cromwel, mainly busied themselves.
2. Law. A puisne judge, justice, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun] > junior or lower judge
puisne1598
puny1599
1598 E. Guilpin Skialetheia v. sig. D6v Oh he's a puisne of the Innes of Court, Come from th'Vniuersity.
1629 J. Shirley Wedding iii. i. sig. F3 Thou talk'st like a puisne.
1765 J. Rayner Digest Law Conc. Libels xix. 64 The Coif calls the Serjeants to own themselves Freemen from the Frowns of Judges, who sometimes browbeat Puisnes.
1821 J. Bentham Elements Art of Packing 169 In Pratt's time at least, viz. anno 1725, the Puisnes were not in the secret.
1897 Dict. National Biogr. XLIX. 162/2 The point was discussed by Rolle in consultation with two of his puisnes, two admiralty judges, and two civilians.
1907 Cambr. Mod. Hist. Prospectus 87 The Lord Chief Justices, the Chief Baron and five puisnes upheld the plea that no patent for sole printing restrained the rights of the University Press.
1949 Dict. National Biogr. 1931–40 212/1 When [the lord chief justice]..went to the United States of America as ambassador..Darling as senior puisne of the King's Bench division served as his deputy.
1992 Internat. & Compar. Law Q. 41 523 A rather minor and esoteric branch of the law, ordinarily occupying the Lord Chief Justice and two puisnes for an hour or two.

Derivatives

puisneship n. Obsolete rare the office and function of a puisne judge (cf. punyship n.).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun] > junior or lower judge > office of
puisneship1825
1825 J. Bentham Observ. Mr. Peel's Speech 53 The thousands a year salaries of the minor and common law Chiefships, and Puisneships, and Masterships.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1565
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