† pungledadj.

Forms: 1600s–1800s pungled, 1800s pingled.

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps compare pingle v. and the Germanic forms cited at that entry, although the semantic connection is not close.A derivation from classical Latin pungere to prick (see punge v.), perhaps by analogy with pricked adj.¹, has been suggested, but the semantic correspondence is again not close, nor is it particularly likely that a Latin word should have been borrowed into an English dialect. N.E.D. (1909) gives the pronunciation as (pɒŋg'ld) /pʌŋɡ(ə)ld/.

Obsolete.

1. Originally English regional (East Anglian). Of grain, fruit, etc.: shrivelled, shrunken.

ΚΠ

1667 N. Fairfax Let. 5 Dec. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1967) IV. 14 As to meldewing (wn ye straw is speckled & spawlt & ye kernel pungled & unthrifty) they observe yt rich ground is apter to mildew then lean.

1797 Trans. Linn. Soc. 3 247 [Thrips physapus] by depriving it [sc. the grain]..of its moisture, occasions it to shrink up, and become what the farmers in this part of the world call pungled.

1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 297 Wheat, from mildew, or other cause, not being plump grained, is said to be pungled—sometimes pingled.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Pungled, shrivelled and become tough; as winter fruit overkept, but not turned rotten; also grain shrivelled with heat or disease.

a1856 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects Injurious to Vegetation (1862) 235 The Thrips cerealium,..sometimes infests wheat, in Europe, to a great extent... It is supposed to suck out the juices of the seed, thus causing the latter to shrink, and become what the English farmers call pungled.

1859 Harper’s New Monthly Mag. Dec. 47/1 The larvæ..run about puncturing all around them with their small beaks, and the ‘pungled’ and shrunken grains mark their progress.

2. English regional (midlands). Short of money, ‘strapped for cash’. rare.

ΚΠ

1881 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Suppl. Pungled, embarrassed in money matters. ‘If Mr. —— had a large income he would not be so pungled as he is’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	pungled
释义	† pungledadj. Forms: 1600s–1800s pungled, 1800s pingled. Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps compare pingle v. and the Germanic forms cited at that entry, although the semantic connection is not close.A derivation from classical Latin pungere to prick (see punge v.), perhaps by analogy with pricked adj.¹, has been suggested, but the semantic correspondence is again not close, nor is it particularly likely that a Latin word should have been borrowed into an English dialect. N.E.D. (1909) gives the pronunciation as (pɒŋg'ld) /pʌŋɡ(ə)ld/. Obsolete. 1. Originally English regional (East Anglian). Of grain, fruit, etc.: shrivelled, shrunken. ΚΠ 1667 N. Fairfax Let. 5 Dec. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1967) IV. 14 As to meldewing (wn ye straw is speckled & spawlt & ye kernel pungled & unthrifty) they observe yt rich ground is apter to mildew then lean. 1797 Trans. Linn. Soc. 3 247 [Thrips physapus] by depriving it [sc. the grain]..of its moisture, occasions it to shrink up, and become what the farmers in this part of the world call pungled. 1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 297 Wheat, from mildew, or other cause, not being plump grained, is said to be pungled—sometimes pingled. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Pungled, shrivelled and become tough; as winter fruit overkept, but not turned rotten; also grain shrivelled with heat or disease. a1856 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects Injurious to Vegetation (1862) 235 The Thrips cerealium,..sometimes infests wheat, in Europe, to a great extent... It is supposed to suck out the juices of the seed, thus causing the latter to shrink, and become what the English farmers call pungled. 1859 Harper’s New Monthly Mag. Dec. 47/1 The larvæ..run about puncturing all around them with their small beaks, and the ‘pungled’ and shrunken grains mark their progress. 2. English regional (midlands). Short of money, ‘strapped for cash’. rare. ΚΠ 1881 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Suppl. Pungled, embarrassed in money matters. ‘If Mr. —— had a large income he would not be so pungled as he is’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < adj.1667
随便看	fore-settled fore-shaft fore-shape fly-by-wire fly-cage fly-cap fly-case fly-caster fly-catch fly-catching fly-clock fly-coach fly-country fly-cruise fly-cutter fly-dod fly-door fly-dope fly-dressing fly-drill fly-driver fly-dung fly-dung bath fly-dung cistern fly-dunging