punkien.¹

Brit.

/ˈpʌŋki/, U.S.

/ˈpəŋki/

Forms: 1700s– punkie, 1800s pungie, 1800s– punkey, 1800s– punky, 1900s– ponki, 1900s– punk.

Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch *punkje.

Etymology: < New York Dutch *punkje < Munsee Delaware pónkwəs ( < Proto-Algonquian *penkw- dust, ashes + -ehs-, diminutive suffix), with alteration of the ending after Dutch -je, diminutive suffix.

U.S. regional (chiefly north-eastern).

A biting midge of the family Ceratopogonidae; a no-see-um.

ΚΠ

1769 R. Smith Tour Four Great Rivers (1906) 42 We begin to be teazed with Muscetoes and little Gnats called here [in New York] Punkies.

1840 Knickerbocker Mag. 16 270 The tortures..inflicted by the gnats (sand-flies, punkies, brulos, for they bear all these appellations).

1876 Forest & Stream 13 July 368/2 Hands tingling from punkie bites.

1903 S. E. White Forest 154 The midge, again, or punkie, or ‘no-see-'um’, just as you please, swarms down upon you suddenly.

1933 F. H. Cheley Camping Out 423 The ‘punkeys’ and ‘midgets’ can outstrip them [sc. mosquitoes] for ferocity and the painful character of the wound which they inflict.

2003 C. Palmer & P. Stoks Loved One 39 The chill of the night kept the mosquitoes and punkies at bay.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

punkien.²

Brit.

/ˈpʌŋki/, U.S.

/ˈpəŋki/

Forms: 1900s– punkie, 1900s– punky.

Origin: Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pumpkin n.

Etymology: Perhaps a variant of pumpkin n., with alteration of the ending after -y suffix⁶.

English regional (Somerset).

A lantern made by setting a candle in a hollowed-out mangel-wurzel or similar vegetable. Also punkie lantern. Punkie night n. a night, usually in late October, on which punkies are paraded and displayed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > period > year > [noun] > specific days of the year

Candlemas1014

May Day1267

All Souls' Dayc1300

midsummer evena1400

firstc1400

Beltane1424

midsummer eve1426

quarter day1435

Beltane1456

mid-Sundaya1475

madding-day1568

Lord Mayor's day1591

Barnaby bright1595

Lammas-eve1597

All Saints' Night1607

Handsel Monday1635

distaff's day1648

long Barnabya1657

St. Valentine's eve1671

leet-day1690

All Fools' Day1702

Boxing Day1743

April Fool's Day1748

Royal Oak Day1759

box day1765

Oak-apple Day1802

All Souls' Eve1805

mischief night1830

Shick-shack Day1847

chalk-back day1851

call night1864

Nut-Monday1867

Arbor Day1872

April Fool's1873

Labour Day1884

Martinmas Sunday1885

call day1886

Samhain1888

Juneteenth1890

Mother's Day1890

Father's Day1908

Thinking Day1927

Punkie night1931

Tweede Nuwejaar1947

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > [noun] > lamp > lantern > made from a turnip, pumpkin, or beet

turnip1766

pumpkin lantern1834

Jack-o'-lantern1837

turnip-lantern1844

punkie1931

1931 Notes & Queries 21 Nov. 372/2 At Hinton St. George, and in the neighbouring village of Lopen, mangolds, scooped out and fitted with candle ends to form lanterns, are known as ‘punkies’. During the parade of punkies, the following lines are sung: 'Tis Punkie night to-night, 'Tis Punkie night to-night. Adam and Eve, they won't believe 'Tis Punkie night to-night.

1959 I. Opie & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren xii. 267 To children in south Somerset a punkie is a home-made mangel-wurzel lantern of more artistic manufacture than those commonly made elsewhere for Hallowe'en.

1960 Guardian 10 Nov. 10/2 In Somerset ‘Punkie Night’, during the third week in October, is a great occasion in the little village of Long Sutton... Punkies..are made from hollowed-out mangels to resemble a face.

1996 R. Hutton Stations of Sun 512 I visited Hinton St George on Punkie Night 1982.

2003 Bristol Evening Post (Nexis) 22 Apr. 30 Ever since then the children of the village [sc. Hinton] parade annually with punkie lanterns, singing a punkie song to help the men remember that embarrassing night.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	punkie
释义	punkien.¹ Brit. /ˈpʌŋki/, U.S. /ˈpəŋki/ Forms: 1700s– punkie, 1800s pungie, 1800s– punkey, 1800s– punky, 1900s– ponki, 1900s– punk. Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch punkje. Etymology: < New York Dutch punkje < Munsee Delaware pónkwəs ( < Proto-Algonquian penkw- dust, ashes + -ehs-, diminutive suffix), with alteration of the ending after Dutch -je, diminutive suffix. U.S.* regional (chiefly north-eastern). A biting midge of the family Ceratopogonidae; a no-see-um. ΚΠ 1769 R. Smith Tour Four Great Rivers (1906) 42 We begin to be teazed with Muscetoes and little Gnats called here [in New York] Punkies. 1840 Knickerbocker Mag. 16 270 The tortures..inflicted by the gnats (sand-flies, punkies, brulos, for they bear all these appellations). 1876 Forest & Stream 13 July 368/2 Hands tingling from punkie bites. 1903 S. E. White Forest 154 The midge, again, or punkie, or ‘no-see-'um’, just as you please, swarms down upon you suddenly. 1933 F. H. Cheley Camping Out 423 The ‘punkeys’ and ‘midgets’ can outstrip them [sc. mosquitoes] for ferocity and the painful character of the wound which they inflict. 2003 C. Palmer & P. Stoks Loved One 39 The chill of the night kept the mosquitoes and punkies at bay. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). punkien.² Brit. /ˈpʌŋki/, U.S. /ˈpəŋki/ Forms: 1900s– punkie, 1900s– punky. Origin: Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pumpkin n. Etymology: Perhaps a variant of pumpkin n., with alteration of the ending after -y suffix⁶. English regional (Somerset). A lantern made by setting a candle in a hollowed-out mangel-wurzel or similar vegetable. Also punkie lantern. Punkie night n. a night, usually in late October, on which punkies are paraded and displayed. ΘΚΠ the world > time > period > year > [noun] > specific days of the year Candlemas1014 May Day1267 All Souls' Dayc1300 midsummer evena1400 firstc1400 Beltane1424 midsummer eve1426 quarter day1435 Beltane1456 mid-Sundaya1475 madding-day1568 Lord Mayor's day1591 Barnaby bright1595 Lammas-eve1597 All Saints' Night1607 Handsel Monday1635 distaff's day1648 long Barnabya1657 St. Valentine's eve1671 leet-day1690 All Fools' Day1702 Boxing Day1743 April Fool's Day1748 Royal Oak Day1759 box day1765 Oak-apple Day1802 All Souls' Eve1805 mischief night1830 Shick-shack Day1847 chalk-back day1851 call night1864 Nut-Monday1867 Arbor Day1872 April Fool's1873 Labour Day1884 Martinmas Sunday1885 call day1886 Samhain1888 Juneteenth1890 Mother's Day1890 Father's Day1908 Thinking Day1927 Punkie night1931 Tweede Nuwejaar1947 the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > [noun] > lamp > lantern > made from a turnip, pumpkin, or beet turnip1766 pumpkin lantern1834 Jack-o'-lantern1837 turnip-lantern1844 punkie1931 1931 Notes & Queries 21 Nov. 372/2 At Hinton St. George, and in the neighbouring village of Lopen, mangolds, scooped out and fitted with candle ends to form lanterns, are known as ‘punkies’. During the parade of punkies, the following lines are sung: 'Tis Punkie night to-night, 'Tis Punkie night to-night. Adam and Eve, they won't believe 'Tis Punkie night to-night. 1959 I. Opie & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren xii. 267 To children in south Somerset a punkie is a home-made mangel-wurzel lantern of more artistic manufacture than those commonly made elsewhere for Hallowe'en. 1960 Guardian 10 Nov. 10/2 In Somerset ‘Punkie Night’, during the third week in October, is a great occasion in the little village of Long Sutton... Punkies..are made from hollowed-out mangels to resemble a face. 1996 R. Hutton Stations of Sun 512 I visited Hinton St George on Punkie Night 1982. 2003 Bristol Evening Post (Nexis) 22 Apr. 30 Ever since then the children of the village [sc. Hinton] parade annually with punkie lanterns, singing a punkie song to help the men remember that embarrassing night. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1769n.²1931
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