bewrayv.

/bɪˈreɪ/

Forms: Middle English by-, bewreie(n, bywryghen, biwray, Middle English bi-, by-, bewrey(e, Middle English–1500s bywrie, bewrie, bewrye, Middle English–1600s bewraie, bewraye, 1500s– bewray.

Etymology: Middle English bewreien , < be- prefix + wreien: see wray v.¹ Probably more or less of a conscious archaism since the 17th cent.; the ordinary modern equivalent is expose.

archaic.

Always transitive.

†1. To accuse, malign, speak evil of. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > slander or calumniate [verb (transitive)]

to say or speak shame of, on, byc950

teleeOE

sayOE

to speak evil (Old English be) ofc1000

belie?c1225

betell?c1225

missayc1225

skandera1300

disclanderc1300

wrenchc1300

bewrayc1330

bite1330

gothele1340

slanderc1340

deprave1362

hinderc1375

backbite1382

blasphemec1386

afamec1390

fame1393

to blow up?a1400

defamea1400

noise1425

to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445

malignc1450

to speak villainy of1470

infame1483

injury1484

painta1522

malicea1526

denigrate1526

disfamea1533

misreporta1535

sugill?1539

dishonest?c1550

calumniate1554

scandalize1566

ill1577

blaze1579

traduce1581

misspeak1582

blot1583

abuse1592

wronga1596

infamonize1598

vilify1598

injure?a1600

forspeak1601

libel1602

infamize1605

belibel1606

calumnize1606

besquirt1611

colly1615

scandala1616

bedirt1622

soil1641

disfigurea1643

sycophant1642

spatter1645

sugillate1647

bespattera1652

bedung1655

asperse1656

mischieve1656

opprobriatea1657

reflect1661

dehonestate1663

carbonify1792

defamate1810

mouth1810

foul-mouth1822

lynch1836

rot1890

calumny1895

ding1903

bad-talk1938

norate1938

bad-mouth1941

monster1967

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 3379 Ac biwrayed þou war to me, & þer-fore haue he maugre..Þat ouȝt sigge bot gode of þe.

c1400 Rom. Rose 3879 Wikkid-Tunge hath custome ay, Yonge folkis to bewreye.

†2.

a. To expose (a person), by divulging his secrets, or telling something that one knows to his discredit or harm. Hence passing into, To expose or reveal (the unknown doer of an act.) Obsolete or archaic.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)] > secrets > prejudicially > a person

bewrayc1300

wrayc1340

c1300 K. Alis. 4116 That ye no schal me bywryghen Of that Y wol to yow sayn.

c1330 Arth. & Merl. 1336 Alle the sothe sche gan hem say, And bad hem nought hir biwray.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 34 Bewrethyn, or wreyyn [1499 bewreyen], prodo, recelo, revelo.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 34 They..were of my next kynne, whom gladly I wold not bewraye.

1510 N. Love tr. Bonaventura Mirror Life Christ xiv. E iv b Say nat this now and bewrye me nat.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1321/2 That who so would bewraie the dooers thereof, should haue fortie crownes for their labour.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 7 For feare to be enforced by torments to bewray his confederats.

†b. To expose (a deception). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Pref. 11 In bewraiyng the iugleyng sleightes.

a1601 Nowell in J. Strype Ann. Reformation I. i. xxxix. 451 Finding therein certain notable untruths..he did bewray them to the auditors.

3. To divulge or reveal (secrets) prejudicially.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)] > secrets > prejudicially

wraya1300

bewrayc1386

descrya1400

blab1594

betray1598

sell1831

peach1852

c1386 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 147 A conseil..Which that night fayn I wolde vn to yow seye So that ye swere ye shul it nat biwreye.

c1440 Gesta Romanorum 182 (2nd vers.) Happely..thou woldest be-wreye my counsaile.

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. cxxi. [cxvii.] 345 None shulde issue out to bewray their entreprice.

1599 W. Shakespeare et al. Passionate Pilgrime (new ed.) sig. D4 Yet will she blush..To heare her secrets so bewraid.

1600 T. Dekker Old Fortunatus sig. D1 The talke of Kings none dare bewray.

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. iv. 101 Villain!..thou wouldest not bewray our counsel?

†4. Less specifically: To reveal, divulge, disclose, declare, make known, show. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)]

unwryc825

unhelec1000

to draw forthc1175

unhillc1200

to bring forth?c1225

unsteekc1250

let witc1275

uncovera1300

wraya1300

knowc1300

barea1325

shrivec1374

unwrapc1374

again-covera1382

nakena1382

outc1390

tellc1390

disclosea1393

cough1393

unhidea1400

unclosec1400

unhaspc1400

bewrayc1405

reveal1409

accusea1413

reveil1424

unlocka1425

unrekec1425

disclude?1440

uncurec1440

utter1444

detect1447

break1463

expose1483

divinec1500

revelate1514

to bring (also put) to light1526

decipher1529

rake1547

rip1549

unshadow1550

to lay to sight1563

uppen1565

unlace1567

unvisor?1571

resign1572

uncloak1574

disshroud1577

spill1577

reap1578

unrip1579

scour1585

unharboura1586

unmask1586

uncase1587

descrya1591

unclasp?1592

unrive1592

discover1594

unburden1594

untomb1594

unhusk1596

dismask1598

to open upc1600

untruss1600

divulge1602

unshale1606

unbrace1607

unveil1609

rave1610

disveil1611

unface1611

unsecret1612

unvizard1620

to open up1624

uncurtain1628

unscreen1628

unbare1630

disenvelop1632

unclothe1632

to lay forth1633

unshroud1633

unmuffle1637

midwife1638

dissecret1640

unseal1640

unmantle1643

to fetch out1644

undisguise1655

disvelop1658

decorticate1660

clash1667

exert1692

disinter1711

to up with1715

unbundlea1739

develop1741

disembosom1745

to open out1814

to let out1833

unsack1846

uncrown1849

to bring (out) in (also into) the open1861

unfrock1866

disbosom1868

to blow the lid off1928

flush1950

surface1955

to take or pull the wraps off1964

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 246 Ne dorste he nat to hire his wo biwreye.

1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. ii His entent there can no man bewreye.

a1513 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen in Poems (1998) I. 42 ‘Bewrie,’ said the wedo, ‘ȝe woddit wemen ȝing, Quhat mirth ȝe fand in maryage’.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iv. 3 Write downe thy minde bewray thy meaning so.

a1608 F. Thynne Disc. Ld. Burghleyghe his Creste 218 in Animaduersions (1875) App. iv. 109 The horn'd Diana chaste, is siluer brighte, Whiche waninge moone dothe vnto us bewraye.

1611 Bible (King James) Prov. xxix. 24 Hee heareth cursing, and bewrayeth it not.

†5. To reveal the presence of, or expose (a fugitive) to his enemies, or to justice; to betray. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > betrayal > betray [verb (transitive)]

sellc950

forredea1000

belewec1000

trechec1230

betrayc1275

trayc1275

wrayc1275

traise1320

trechetc1330

betradec1375

betraisec1386

bewray1535

betrantc1540

boil1602

reveal1640

peacha1689

bridge1819

to go back on (also upon)1859

to sell (a person) down the river1921

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. xvi. A Bewraye [Wyclif betraȝe; 1611 bewray] not them that are fled.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xl He bewrayed his gest and master to Jhon Mitton then shriefe of shropshire.

1628 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Peloponnesian War (1822) 65 He was bewrayed unto them.

6. To reveal, expose, discover (unintentionally, and usually what it is intended to conceal); = betray v. 6.

a. the existence or presence of (something).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)] > secrets

discovera1375

labc1400

bewray1578

blab1582

discabinet1605

eviscerate1607

eliminate1608

to give upa1640

vent1678

betray1734

confide1735

leak1859

to shell out1862

clatfart1913

spill1917

unzip1939

1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 27 Thy hot woords bewray thy heauy wrath.

1611 Bible (King James) Prov. xxvii. 16 The ointment of his right hand which bewrayeth it selfe.

1644 J. Bulwer Chirologia 2 The blushes of Aurora bewray the early approach of the bright Emperour of the day.

1738 J. Wesley Coll. Psalms & Hymns (new ed.) xxxvi. 1 My heart to every Vice inclin'd, The Sinner's closest Sin bewrays.

a1849 H. Coleridge Ess. & Marginalia (1851) II. 168 A smoke and a crackling that bewrayed the ligneous and carbonaceous quality of the fuel.

1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters xii. 311 The mental bias in every writer will casually bewray itself.

b. the true character of.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > treachery or treason > treacherous action > [verb (transitive)]

trechec1230

betrayc1275

trayc1275

treason13..

traise1320

trechetc1330

betradec1375

betraisec1386

deceivea1400

bewray1535

reveal1640

double-cross1889

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Matt. xxvi. 73 Thy speach bewrayeth the.

1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. xx. 252 A mans speech and gesture will bewray his thoughtes.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. ix. 79 The extremity of his feare bewrayed his intent.

1645 J. Milton Colasterion 2 His very first page notoriously bewraies him an illiterat, and arrogant presumer.

1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. 610 A touchstone to bewray the half-learned.

c. a fact (expressed by a clause).

ΚΠ

a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) v. iii. 96 Our Raiment And state of Bodies would bewray what life We haue led since thy Exile.

1649 R. Hodges Plainest Direct. 27 The childe did bewray, that hee would beray himself.

1692 J. Washington tr. J. Milton Def. People Eng. x Your very speech bewrays you to be a right Balaam.

†7. To exhibit incidentally; = betray v. 7. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > manifestation > [verb (transitive)] > incidentally

discovera1500

bewray?1578

betray1697

?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 79 Nothing more bewraying hiz age then hiz wit.

1600 C. Tourneur Transformed Metamorph. To Rdr. sig. A3 All (that in this Pluto-visag'd-world) hell doth bewray.

a1631 J. Donne Poems (1650) 106 O foole, which yesterday Might'st have read more than all thy books bewray.

1762 Ld. Kames Elements Crit. II. xii. 42 He..never once bewrays a smile.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	bewray
释义	bewrayv. /bɪˈreɪ/ Forms: Middle English by-, bewreie(n, bywryghen, biwray, Middle English bi-, by-, bewrey(e, Middle English–1500s bywrie, bewrie, bewrye, Middle English–1600s bewraie, bewraye, 1500s– bewray. Etymology: Middle English bewreien , < be- prefix + wreien: see wray v.¹ Probably more or less of a conscious archaism since the 17th cent.; the ordinary modern equivalent is expose. archaic. Always transitive. †1. To accuse, malign, speak evil of. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > slander or calumniate [verb (transitive)] to say or speak shame of, on, byc950 teleeOE sayOE to speak evil (Old English be) ofc1000 belie?c1225 betell?c1225 missayc1225 skandera1300 disclanderc1300 wrenchc1300 bewrayc1330 bite1330 gothele1340 slanderc1340 deprave1362 hinderc1375 backbite1382 blasphemec1386 afamec1390 fame1393 to blow up?a1400 defamea1400 noise1425 to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445 malignc1450 to speak villainy of1470 infame1483 injury1484 painta1522 malicea1526 denigrate1526 disfamea1533 misreporta1535 sugill?1539 dishonest?c1550 calumniate1554 scandalize1566 ill1577 blaze1579 traduce1581 misspeak1582 blot1583 abuse1592 wronga1596 infamonize1598 vilify1598 injure?a1600 forspeak1601 libel1602 infamize1605 belibel1606 calumnize1606 besquirt1611 colly1615 scandala1616 bedirt1622 soil1641 disfigurea1643 sycophant1642 spatter1645 sugillate1647 bespattera1652 bedung1655 asperse1656 mischieve1656 opprobriatea1657 reflect1661 dehonestate1663 carbonify1792 defamate1810 mouth1810 foul-mouth1822 lynch1836 rot1890 calumny1895 ding1903 bad-talk1938 norate1938 bad-mouth1941 monster1967 c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 3379 Ac biwrayed þou war to me, & þer-fore haue he maugre..Þat ouȝt sigge bot gode of þe. c1400 Rom. Rose 3879 Wikkid-Tunge hath custome ay, Yonge folkis to bewreye. †2. a. To expose (a person), by divulging his secrets, or telling something that one knows to his discredit or harm. Hence passing into, To expose or reveal (the unknown doer of an act.) Obsolete or archaic. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)] > secrets > prejudicially > a person bewrayc1300 wrayc1340 c1300 K. Alis. 4116 That ye no schal me bywryghen Of that Y wol to yow sayn. c1330 Arth. & Merl. 1336 Alle the sothe sche gan hem say, And bad hem nought hir biwray. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 34 Bewrethyn, or wreyyn [1499 bewreyen], prodo, recelo, revelo. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 34 They..were of my next kynne, whom gladly I wold not bewraye. 1510 N. Love tr. Bonaventura Mirror Life Christ xiv. E iv b Say nat this now and bewrye me nat. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1321/2 That who so would bewraie the dooers thereof, should haue fortie crownes for their labour. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 7 For feare to be enforced by torments to bewray his confederats. †b. To expose (a deception). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Pref. 11 In bewraiyng the iugleyng sleightes. a1601 Nowell in J. Strype Ann. Reformation I. i. xxxix. 451 Finding therein certain notable untruths..he did bewray them to the auditors. 3. To divulge or reveal (secrets) prejudicially. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)] > secrets > prejudicially wraya1300 bewrayc1386 descrya1400 blab1594 betray1598 sell1831 peach1852 c1386 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 147 A conseil..Which that night fayn I wolde vn to yow seye So that ye swere ye shul it nat biwreye. c1440 Gesta Romanorum 182 (2nd vers.) Happely..thou woldest be-wreye my counsaile. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. cxxi. [cxvii.] 345 None shulde issue out to bewray their entreprice. 1599 W. Shakespeare et al. Passionate Pilgrime (new ed.) sig. D4 Yet will she blush..To heare her secrets so bewraid. 1600 T. Dekker Old Fortunatus sig. D1 The talke of Kings none dare bewray. 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. iv. 101 Villain!..thou wouldest not bewray our counsel? †4. Less specifically: To reveal, divulge, disclose, declare, make known, show. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)] unwryc825 unhelec1000 to draw forthc1175 unhillc1200 to bring forth?c1225 unsteekc1250 let witc1275 uncovera1300 wraya1300 knowc1300 barea1325 shrivec1374 unwrapc1374 again-covera1382 nakena1382 outc1390 tellc1390 disclosea1393 cough1393 unhidea1400 unclosec1400 unhaspc1400 bewrayc1405 reveal1409 accusea1413 reveil1424 unlocka1425 unrekec1425 disclude?1440 uncurec1440 utter1444 detect1447 break1463 expose1483 divinec1500 revelate1514 to bring (also put) to light1526 decipher1529 rake1547 rip1549 unshadow1550 to lay to sight1563 uppen1565 unlace1567 unvisor?1571 resign1572 uncloak1574 disshroud1577 spill1577 reap1578 unrip1579 scour1585 unharboura1586 unmask1586 uncase1587 descrya1591 unclasp?1592 unrive1592 discover1594 unburden1594 untomb1594 unhusk1596 dismask1598 to open upc1600 untruss1600 divulge1602 unshale1606 unbrace1607 unveil1609 rave1610 disveil1611 unface1611 unsecret1612 unvizard1620 to open up1624 uncurtain1628 unscreen1628 unbare1630 disenvelop1632 unclothe1632 to lay forth1633 unshroud1633 unmuffle1637 midwife1638 dissecret1640 unseal1640 unmantle1643 to fetch out1644 undisguise1655 disvelop1658 decorticate1660 clash1667 exert1692 disinter1711 to up with1715 unbundlea1739 develop1741 disembosom1745 to open out1814 to let out1833 unsack1846 uncrown1849 to bring (out) in (also into) the open1861 unfrock1866 disbosom1868 to blow the lid off1928 flush1950 surface1955 to take or pull the wraps off1964 c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 246 Ne dorste he nat to hire his wo biwreye. 1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. ii His entent there can no man bewreye. a1513 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen in Poems (1998) I. 42 ‘Bewrie,’ said the wedo, ‘ȝe woddit wemen ȝing, Quhat mirth ȝe fand in maryage’. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iv. 3 Write downe thy minde bewray thy meaning so. View more context for this quotation a1608 F. Thynne Disc. Ld. Burghleyghe his Creste 218 in Animaduersions (1875) App. iv. 109 The horn'd Diana chaste, is siluer brighte, Whiche waninge moone dothe vnto us bewraye. 1611 Bible (King James) Prov. xxix. 24 Hee heareth cursing, and bewrayeth it not. View more context for this quotation †5. To reveal the presence of, or expose (a fugitive) to his enemies, or to justice; to betray. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > undutifulness > betrayal > betray [verb (transitive)] sellc950 forredea1000 belewec1000 trechec1230 betrayc1275 trayc1275 wrayc1275 traise1320 trechetc1330 betradec1375 betraisec1386 bewray1535 betrantc1540 boil1602 reveal1640 peacha1689 bridge1819 to go back on (also upon)1859 to sell (a person) down the river1921 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. xvi. A Bewraye [Wyclif betraȝe; 1611 bewray] not them that are fled. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xl He bewrayed his gest and master to Jhon Mitton then shriefe of shropshire. 1628 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Peloponnesian War (1822) 65 He was bewrayed unto them. 6. To reveal, expose, discover (unintentionally, and usually what it is intended to conceal); = betray v. 6. a. the existence or presence of (something). ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)] > secrets discovera1375 labc1400 bewray1578 blab1582 discabinet1605 eviscerate1607 eliminate1608 to give upa1640 vent1678 betray1734 confide1735 leak1859 to shell out1862 clatfart1913 spill1917 unzip1939 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 27 Thy hot woords bewray thy heauy wrath. 1611 Bible (King James) Prov. xxvii. 16 The ointment of his right hand which bewrayeth it selfe. View more context for this quotation 1644 J. Bulwer Chirologia 2 The blushes of Aurora bewray the early approach of the bright Emperour of the day. 1738 J. Wesley Coll. Psalms & Hymns (new ed.) xxxvi. 1 My heart to every Vice inclin'd, The Sinner's closest Sin bewrays. a1849 H. Coleridge Ess. & Marginalia (1851) II. 168 A smoke and a crackling that bewrayed the ligneous and carbonaceous quality of the fuel. 1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters xii. 311 The mental bias in every writer will casually bewray itself. b. the true character of. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > treachery or treason > treacherous action > [verb (transitive)] trechec1230 betrayc1275 trayc1275 treason13.. traise1320 trechetc1330 betradec1375 betraisec1386 deceivea1400 bewray1535 reveal1640 double-cross1889 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Matt. xxvi. 73 Thy speach bewrayeth the. 1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. xx. 252 A mans speech and gesture will bewray his thoughtes. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. ix. 79 The extremity of his feare bewrayed his intent. 1645 J. Milton Colasterion 2 His very first page notoriously bewraies him an illiterat, and arrogant presumer. 1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. 610 A touchstone to bewray the half-learned. c. a fact (expressed by a clause). ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) v. iii. 96 Our Raiment And state of Bodies would bewray what life We haue led since thy Exile. View more context for this quotation 1649 R. Hodges Plainest Direct. 27 The childe did bewray, that hee would beray himself. 1692 J. Washington tr. J. Milton Def. People Eng. x Your very speech bewrays you to be a right Balaam. †7. To exhibit incidentally; = betray v. 7. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > [verb (transitive)] > incidentally discovera1500 bewray?1578 betray1697 ?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 79 Nothing more bewraying hiz age then hiz wit. 1600 C. Tourneur Transformed Metamorph. To Rdr. sig. A3 All (that in this Pluto-visag'd-world) hell doth bewray. a1631 J. Donne Poems (1650) 106 O foole, which yesterday Might'st have read more than all thy books bewray. 1762 Ld. Kames Elements Crit. II. xii. 42 He..never once bewrays a smile. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < v.c1300
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