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单词 ragnarök
释义

Ragnarökn.

Brit. /ˈraɡnərɒk/, /ˈraɡnərəːk/, U.S. /ˈrɑɡnəˌrɔk/, /ˈrɑɡnəˌrɑk/
Forms:

α. 1600s Ragnarock, 1800s Ragnarôk, 1800s– Ragnarok, 1800s– Ragnarök, 1900s– Ragnarǫk.

β. 1700s Ragnarockur, 1900s– Ragnarøkr, 1900s– Ragnarökr.

Origin: A borrowing from Icelandic. Etymon: Icelandic ragna rǫk.
Etymology: < Old Icelandic ragna rǫk < ragna , genitive of regin (plural) the gods (early Scandinavian (runic) ragina- (in ragina-kundo divine); cognate with Old Saxon regano- divine (only in regano-giskapu divine destiny), Gothic ragin opinion, advice, decree, decision, and Old English regn- , Old Saxon regin- , prefixes with sense ‘very much, very great’ (also as the first element in many Germanic personal names, as Old English Regenhere , Old High German Reginhart , Gothic Ragnahilda , etc.), probably < the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit rac- to construct, compose, make) + rǫk course of events from origin to end, destiny (see rake n.3); reinterpreted early (already in the 13th-cent. Prose Edda) as ragna røkkr , lit. ‘twilight of the gods’ (compare β. forms), after the more common røkkr twilight, darkness ( < the same Germanic base as Gothic riqis darkness: see Erebus n.). O.E.D. Suppl. (1982) gives only the partly naturalized pronunciation (ræ·gnărök) /ˈræɡnərœk/.
Scandinavian Mythology.
The destruction or ‘twilight’ of the gods; spec. the last battle of this world, in which gods and men will be defeated by monsters and the sun will grow dark. Also in extended use. Cf. Götterdämmerung n., twilight n. 3a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > non-existence > [noun] > ending of existence > in Norse mythology
Ragnarök1684
twilight of the gods1768
1684 W. Baxter in M. Morgan et al. tr. Plutarch Morals II. 191 At the great Ragnarock, or Twi-light of the Gods (as they call'd it).
1770 T. Percy tr. P. H. Mallet Northern Antiq. I. vi. 119 The end of the world, that is,..the time of that universal desolation of nature which was to be followed by a new creation, and what they called Ragnarockur, or the Twilight of the Gods.
1866 Chambers's Encycl. VIII. 525/2 This terrible age of destruction, the Ragnarök, or twilight of the gods, will be marked by a three years' winter of hard frost.
1887 A. Lang in Contemp. Rev. Nov. 693 If the battle between the crocodile of Realism and the catawampus of Romance is to be fought out to the bitter end—why, in that Ragnarôk, I am on the side of the catawampus.
1899 A. H. Yapp Cuckoo iii. 178 The ragnarok of the cuckoos—the last band of the migrating males.
1933 A. Thirkell High Rising xi. 199 Zeus dethrones Chronos..Ragnarok swallows up the Gods.
1953 G. Turville-Petre Origins Icelandic Lit. ii. 57 The treacherous Loki was bound in chains, but he will break them when the gods' Doomsday (Ragnarǫk) draws near.
1965 H. M. Smyser in J. B. Bessinger & R. P. Creed Medieval & Linguistic Stud. 110 It is not the place where Odin's einherjar fight daily as they await Ragnarøkr.
1993 Time 26 July 49/1 An all-out race war would be triggered, a final, bloody Ragnarok of the races.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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