rasuren.¹

Brit.

/ˈreɪʒə/, U.S.

/ˈreɪʃər/

Forms: late Middle English rasour, late Middle English– rasure, 1600s rasur (Scottish), 1600s–1800s razure.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French rasure; Latin rāsūra.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French rasure (French †rasure ) erasure (1235 in Old French), scraping, shaving (1240), action of shaving the beard or hair (1270), tonsure (16th cent.) and its etymon < classical Latin rāsūra process of scraping or shaving, in post-classical Latin also particle removed by scraping, shaving (4th or 5th cent. in Jerome), tonsure (frequently from 10th cent. in British sources; from 13th cent. in continental sources), erasure (from 12th cent. in British and continental sources) < rās- , past participial stem of rādere to scrape, shave (see raze v.) + -ūra -ure suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan razura (13th cent.), rasura (15th cent.), Spanish rasura (13th cent.), Portuguese rasura (15th cent.), Italian rasura (14th cent.).

Now rare.

†1. A particle removed by scraping cloth, wood, etc.; (in plural) shavings collectively. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > a) scraping(s) or shaving(s)

shavingc1386

rasurea1400

razing?a1425

scrapings1511

rasing1552

scaling1651

ramentum1658

raments1670

abrasion1684

scrapeage1851

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 135 (MED) I leie on þe schauynge or ellis þe rasure of lynnen clooþ [L. rasuram panni..vel carpiam linei].

1489 W. Caxton De Roye's Doctrinal of Sapyence (1993) lxiv. 233 And yf it fyl vpon therthe, or vpon a stone, or vpo[n] wod, it ought to be wel scraped and raced,..and wel to be wasshen and to put the wasshyng & rasure or scrapyng in the sacrayre.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Rasure, a scraping, a shaving.

1706 J. Evelyn Silva (ed. 4) ii. iv. 159 The Wood should be cut about May, and the Rasures well dried.

a. The action of erasing something from a document, esp. by scraping to remove the surface of the parchment or paper; an instance of this, an erasure. Now rare (chiefly Law).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > [noun] > by scraping

rasure1433

scraping1577

dischiseling1652

derasion1684

1433 in I. S. Leadam & J. F. Baldwin Select Cases King's Council 1243–1482 (1918) 99 (MED) Send me redy wurd whether the clerk..might aspie you while the rasure was in hond.

a1443 Chancery Proc. Ser. C1 File 9 No. 424 (MED) They made as well the seid record as the condicioun of the same obligacioun of the seid bysechere to be rasode and by that rasure changeode and turnode the seid recorde in substance.

1508 J. Fisher Treat. Penyt. Psalmes sig. cc.i^v We fyrst scrape the paper, & by that rasure or scrapynge som what is taken awaye of the letters.

1581 Act 23 Eliz. c. 3 §2 No Fyne..shalbee reversed or reversable by any writte of Errour,..for false or incongrue Lattin, rasure [etc.].

1602 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law ii. 28/1 Such writings obligatorie if they haue any razure in them in any materiall place are of no credit in law.

1656 in J. A. Clyde Hope's Major Practicks (1938) II. 270 Wreitts..make na fayth..if ther be any rasur.

1699 W. Wotton tr. L. E. Du Pin Diss. Author Imitation of Christ xii, in New Eccl. Hist. XIII. 168 These Words were not defac'd by scraping the Parchment..if there had been any such Razure, the ancient Letters would no more be seen.

1721 C. Cibber Refusal iii. 46 Was ever any Piece perfect, that had not Corrections, Rasures, Interlineations, and Improvements?

1742 R. North & M. North Life F. North 59 She had very credible information that there was a foul rasure in Sir John Cuts's will.

1793 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 1st Ser. (ed. 3) I. 284 Pope's continual corrections, and critical rasures.

1842 A. J. Stephens Law of Nisi Prius II. 1702 If there be any blemish in the deed by rasure or interlineation..the deed ought to be proved..and the blemish satisfactorily explained.

1871 R. Soule Dict. Eng. Synonymes 141 Erasure, obliteration, scratching out, rasure.

1925 Law Q. Rev. 41 197 Lord North..held a written instrument up to the light and discovered that the date was written on a rasure.

1933 R.A. Eastwood Princ. of Law of Real Prop. ix. i. 431 Any alteration or rasure in or addition to a deed is presumed to have been made before its execution... But any rasure, addition or other alteration made in a material part of a deed after its execution, without consent of all parties..renders the deed void as from the time when the alteration was made.

b. In extended use: cancellation; obliteration; destruction; an instance of this. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > [noun]

end832

bale-sithea1000

wrakea1275

wonderc1275

destroyingc1300

destruction1340

contritionc1384

stroying1396

undoing1398

tininga1400

ruinc1425

fatec1430

fordoingc1450

perishing?1523

shipwreck1526

pernicion?1530

ruining1562

ruinating1587

defeasance1590

defeature1592

breakneck1598

ruination1599

defeat1600

doom1609

planet-striking1611

mismaking1615

rasurea1616

destructa1638

perition1640

interemption1656

smashing1821

degrowth1876

uncreation1884

creative destruction1927

the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > [noun]

blottingc1440

obliterationa1527

obliterating1610

rasurea1616

obliterature1711

erasion1790

effacement1797

expungement1891

the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > [noun]

revoking1395

revocationc1400

cassationc1425

annulling1449

reclamationa1475

annulmenta1492

retractation1531

disannulling1533

abrogation1535

cancellation1535

retraction1536

extinguishment1537

undoing1540

abrenunciation1557

revocating1570

reversement1572

revokement1573

annihilation1579

revocatory1579

annullity1586

retroversion1587

rescission1594

recall1597

recision1606

disannulment1611

repeal1612

rasurea1616

cancelment1621

retractinga1624

cancelling1631

extinction1651

circumduction1726

cassing1844

recallment1845

cancel1884

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) v. i. 13 A forted residence'gainst the tooth of time, And razure of obliuion.

1670 A. Marvell Let. 21 Mar. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 314 When we began to talk of the Lords, the King sent for us alone, and recommended a Rasure of all Proceedings.

1693 J. A. Barnard Bohun's Geogr. Dict. (new ed.) 317/1 The Phocenses..drew upon themselves the Vengeance of Greece to such a measure, that a Holy War..was presently commenced against them: which..ended with the total rasure of the City Phocis.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 41 Impressed upon the mind so as to defy all attempts of rasure or of change.

1757 D. Hume Hist. Great Brit. II. 199 That a general razure should be made of the transactions with regard to that disputed question.

1896 M. Beerbohm Let. 28 July (1988) 11 As for the ‘improvement’ of Piccadilly, to that the razure of the Duke's wall could hardly contribute.

1937 D. Jones In Parenthesis iii. 30 This discontent makes winter's rasure creaturely and kind.

1980 Yearbk. Eng. Stud. 10 283 He deserves to escape the rasure of oblivion because he was, in a very special sense, Pope's printer.

†3. The action of shaving the head, hair, etc., esp. for religious reasons; tonsure; an example of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > cleanness (ceremonial) > tonsure > [noun]

tonsurea1387

rasure1483

rounding1551

shaving1647

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > [noun] > cutting or shaving

dodding?c1225

shearingc1315

shaving138.

tonsure1390

pollinga1400

clippingc1440

rasure1483

barbing1485

trimmingc1525

colling1575

tonsuring1811

detonsure1819

pogonotomy1896

poodling1907

razor cutting1952

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > styles of hair > [noun] > cut or cropped

roundinga1582

stumps1584

stubs1607

trim1608

tonsure1650

committee cut1691

rasure1737

crop1795

county crop1839

flat-top1859

prison cropc1863

clip1889

Dartmoor crop1930

razor cut1940

prison haircut1948

scissor cut1948

cut1951

pudding basin1951

short back and sides1965

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 111/1 Saynt denys..sayth the rasure and cuttyng of of the heer signefyeth pure lyf.

1587 in T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. (new ed.) iv. xix. f. 492 ^v (margin) The popish rasure ministred vnto clearkes at the first recept of their cleargie.

a1603 T. Cartwright Confut. Rhemists New Test. (1618) 11 They had no razure commanded, onely it was prouided that they should not haue their haire long.

1610 R. Field Fifth Bk. of Church xxv. 125 For howsoeuer tonsure, and not rasure, was anciently vsed, yet were not they of the Clergie forbidden to vse rasure, or to shaue their heads.

1668 H. P. Cressy Church-hist. Brittany xix.xvii. 481/2 We presse them to tell us who was the first Authour of this their rasure and Tonsure.

1737 W. Whiston tr. Choerilus in tr. Josephus Against Apion i, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 988 Their heads were sooty: they had round rasures on them.

1781 W. Cooke Medallic Hist. Imperial Rome I. 478 His Juvenalian Festival succeeded, on the first Rasure of his Beard, the Hairs of which were inclosed in a Golden Ball, and consecrated to Jupiter Capitolinus.

†4. gen. The action of scraping or scratching; an instance of this; a scratch, a cut. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > rubbing or friction > [noun] > scratching, scraping, or abrasion

clawing1398

razinga1400

scrattinga1400

scrapingc1440

scrape1483

raze1530

rasure1596

rasion1617

scrub1621

scrubbing1622

scrapelet1625

grazing1698

scratch1765

rake1869

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > rubbing or friction > [noun] > scratching, scraping, or abrasion > a scratch or mark made by scratching or scraping

scorec1400

gall1545

rasure1596

ranch1611

rit1709

scuff1954

1596 L. Keymis Relation 2nd Voy. Guiana sig. B3^v They race some their faces, some their bodies,..the print of which rasure, can neuer be done away againe during lyfe.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. v. vi. 182/1 Carying these rasures on their pictured limmes.

c1720 W. Gibson Farriers New Guide ii. lxxxvii. 292 Soaking Pledgits of clean Hurds in this Mixture, and laying them pretty warm on the Rasures or Chinks.

1757 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 7 July (1967) III. 130 He also had a small razure on his cheek, which is now quite heal'd.

1835 J. Abbott Princ. Hydraul. Engine 127 Rasure, the act of scraping.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rasure
释义	rasuren.¹ Brit. /ˈreɪʒə/, U.S. /ˈreɪʃər/ Forms: late Middle English rasour, late Middle English– rasure, 1600s rasur (Scottish), 1600s–1800s razure. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French rasure; Latin rāsūra. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French rasure (French †rasure ) erasure (1235 in Old French), scraping, shaving (1240), action of shaving the beard or hair (1270), tonsure (16th cent.) and its etymon < classical Latin rāsūra process of scraping or shaving, in post-classical Latin also particle removed by scraping, shaving (4th or 5th cent. in Jerome), tonsure (frequently from 10th cent. in British sources; from 13th cent. in continental sources), erasure (from 12th cent. in British and continental sources) < rās- , past participial stem of rādere to scrape, shave (see raze v.) + -ūra -ure suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan razura (13th cent.), rasura (15th cent.), Spanish rasura (13th cent.), Portuguese rasura (15th cent.), Italian rasura (14th cent.). Now rare. †1. A particle removed by scraping cloth, wood, etc.; (in plural) shavings collectively. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > a) scraping(s) or shaving(s) shavingc1386 rasurea1400 razing?a1425 scrapings1511 rasing1552 scaling1651 ramentum1658 raments1670 abrasion1684 scrapeage1851 a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 135 (MED) I leie on þe schauynge or ellis þe rasure of lynnen clooþ [L. rasuram panni..vel carpiam linei]. 1489 W. Caxton De Roye's Doctrinal of Sapyence (1993) lxiv. 233 And yf it fyl vpon therthe, or vpon a stone, or vpo[n] wod, it ought to be wel scraped and raced,..and wel to be wasshen and to put the wasshyng & rasure or scrapyng in the sacrayre. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Rasure, a scraping, a shaving. 1706 J. Evelyn Silva (ed. 4) ii. iv. 159 The Wood should be cut about May, and the Rasures well dried. 2. a. The action of erasing something from a document, esp. by scraping to remove the surface of the parchment or paper; an instance of this, an erasure. Now rare (chiefly Law). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > [noun] > by scraping rasure1433 scraping1577 dischiseling1652 derasion1684 1433 in I. S. Leadam & J. F. Baldwin Select Cases King's Council 1243–1482 (1918) 99 (MED) Send me redy wurd whether the clerk..might aspie you while the rasure was in hond. a1443 Chancery Proc. Ser. C1 File 9 No. 424 (MED) They made as well the seid record as the condicioun of the same obligacioun of the seid bysechere to be rasode and by that rasure changeode and turnode the seid recorde in substance. 1508 J. Fisher Treat. Penyt. Psalmes sig. cc.i^v We fyrst scrape the paper, & by that rasure or scrapynge som what is taken awaye of the letters. 1581 Act 23 Eliz. c. 3 §2 No Fyne..shalbee reversed or reversable by any writte of Errour,..for false or incongrue Lattin, rasure [etc.]. 1602 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law ii. 28/1 Such writings obligatorie if they haue any razure in them in any materiall place are of no credit in law. 1656 in J. A. Clyde Hope's Major Practicks (1938) II. 270 Wreitts..make na fayth..if ther be any rasur. 1699 W. Wotton tr. L. E. Du Pin Diss. Author Imitation of Christ xii, in New Eccl. Hist. XIII. 168 These Words were not defac'd by scraping the Parchment..if there had been any such Razure, the ancient Letters would no more be seen. 1721 C. Cibber Refusal iii. 46 Was ever any Piece perfect, that had not Corrections, Rasures, Interlineations, and Improvements? 1742 R. North & M. North Life F. North 59 She had very credible information that there was a foul rasure in Sir John Cuts's will. 1793 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 1st Ser. (ed. 3) I. 284 Pope's continual corrections, and critical rasures. 1842 A. J. Stephens Law of Nisi Prius II. 1702 If there be any blemish in the deed by rasure or interlineation..the deed ought to be proved..and the blemish satisfactorily explained. 1871 R. Soule Dict. Eng. Synonymes 141 Erasure, obliteration, scratching out, rasure. 1925 Law Q. Rev. 41 197 Lord North..held a written instrument up to the light and discovered that the date was written on a rasure. 1933 R.A. Eastwood Princ. of Law of Real Prop. ix. i. 431 Any alteration or rasure in or addition to a deed is presumed to have been made before its execution... But any rasure, addition or other alteration made in a material part of a deed after its execution, without consent of all parties..renders the deed void as from the time when the alteration was made. b. In extended use: cancellation; obliteration; destruction; an instance of this. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > [noun] end832 bale-sithea1000 wrakea1275 wonderc1275 destroyingc1300 destruction1340 contritionc1384 stroying1396 undoing1398 tininga1400 ruinc1425 fatec1430 fordoingc1450 perishing?1523 shipwreck1526 pernicion?1530 ruining1562 ruinating1587 defeasance1590 defeature1592 breakneck1598 ruination1599 defeat1600 doom1609 planet-striking1611 mismaking1615 rasurea1616 destructa1638 perition1640 interemption1656 smashing1821 degrowth1876 uncreation1884 creative destruction1927 the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > [noun] blottingc1440 obliterationa1527 obliterating1610 rasurea1616 obliterature1711 erasion1790 effacement1797 expungement1891 the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > [noun] revoking1395 revocationc1400 cassationc1425 annulling1449 reclamationa1475 annulmenta1492 retractation1531 disannulling1533 abrogation1535 cancellation1535 retraction1536 extinguishment1537 undoing1540 abrenunciation1557 revocating1570 reversement1572 revokement1573 annihilation1579 revocatory1579 annullity1586 retroversion1587 rescission1594 recall1597 recision1606 disannulment1611 repeal1612 rasurea1616 cancelment1621 retractinga1624 cancelling1631 extinction1651 circumduction1726 cassing1844 recallment1845 cancel1884 a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) v. i. 13 A forted residence'gainst the tooth of time, And razure of obliuion. View more context for this quotation 1670 A. Marvell Let. 21 Mar. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 314 When we began to talk of the Lords, the King sent for us alone, and recommended a Rasure of all Proceedings. 1693 J. A. Barnard Bohun's Geogr. Dict. (new ed.) 317/1 The Phocenses..drew upon themselves the Vengeance of Greece to such a measure, that a Holy War..was presently commenced against them: which..ended with the total rasure of the City Phocis. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 41 Impressed upon the mind so as to defy all attempts of rasure or of change. 1757 D. Hume Hist. Great Brit. II. 199 That a general razure should be made of the transactions with regard to that disputed question. 1896 M. Beerbohm Let. 28 July (1988) 11 As for the ‘improvement’ of Piccadilly, to that the razure of the Duke's wall could hardly contribute. 1937 D. Jones In Parenthesis iii. 30 This discontent makes winter's rasure creaturely and kind. 1980 Yearbk. Eng. Stud. 10 283 He deserves to escape the rasure of oblivion because he was, in a very special sense, Pope's printer. †3. The action of shaving the head, hair, etc., esp. for religious reasons; tonsure; an example of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > cleanness (ceremonial) > tonsure > [noun] tonsurea1387 rasure1483 rounding1551 shaving1647 the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > [noun] > cutting or shaving dodding?c1225 shearingc1315 shaving138. tonsure1390 pollinga1400 clippingc1440 rasure1483 barbing1485 trimmingc1525 colling1575 tonsuring1811 detonsure1819 pogonotomy1896 poodling1907 razor cutting1952 the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > styles of hair > [noun] > cut or cropped roundinga1582 stumps1584 stubs1607 trim1608 tonsure1650 committee cut1691 rasure1737 crop1795 county crop1839 flat-top1859 prison cropc1863 clip1889 Dartmoor crop1930 razor cut1940 prison haircut1948 scissor cut1948 cut1951 pudding basin1951 short back and sides1965 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 111/1 Saynt denys..sayth the rasure and cuttyng of of the heer signefyeth pure lyf. 1587 in T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. (new ed.) iv. xix. f. 492 ^v (margin) The popish rasure ministred vnto clearkes at the first recept of their cleargie. a1603 T. Cartwright Confut. Rhemists New Test. (1618) 11 They had no razure commanded, onely it was prouided that they should not haue their haire long. 1610 R. Field Fifth Bk. of Church xxv. 125 For howsoeuer tonsure, and not rasure, was anciently vsed, yet were not they of the Clergie forbidden to vse rasure, or to shaue their heads. 1668 H. P. Cressy Church-hist. Brittany xix.xvii. 481/2 We presse them to tell us who was the first Authour of this their rasure and Tonsure. 1737 W. Whiston tr. Choerilus in tr. Josephus Against Apion i, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 988 Their heads were sooty: they had round rasures on them. 1781 W. Cooke Medallic Hist. Imperial Rome I. 478 His Juvenalian Festival succeeded, on the first Rasure of his Beard, the Hairs of which were inclosed in a Golden Ball, and consecrated to Jupiter Capitolinus. †4. gen. The action of scraping or scratching; an instance of this; a scratch, a cut. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > rubbing or friction > [noun] > scratching, scraping, or abrasion clawing1398 razinga1400 scrattinga1400 scrapingc1440 scrape1483 raze1530 rasure1596 rasion1617 scrub1621 scrubbing1622 scrapelet1625 grazing1698 scratch1765 rake1869 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > rubbing or friction > [noun] > scratching, scraping, or abrasion > a scratch or mark made by scratching or scraping scorec1400 gall1545 rasure1596 ranch1611 rit1709 scuff1954 1596 L. Keymis Relation 2nd Voy. Guiana sig. B3^v They race some their faces, some their bodies,..the print of which rasure, can neuer be done away againe during lyfe. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. v. vi. 182/1 Carying these rasures on their pictured limmes. c1720 W. Gibson Farriers New Guide ii. lxxxvii. 292 Soaking Pledgits of clean Hurds in this Mixture, and laying them pretty warm on the Rasures or Chinks. 1757 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 7 July (1967) III. 130 He also had a small razure on his cheek, which is now quite heal'd. 1835 J. Abbott Princ. Hydraul. Engine 127 Rasure, the act of scraping. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † rasuren.² Forms: late Middle English rasour, late Middle English rasur, 1500s rasure. Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French rasure. Etymology: Apparently < Middle French rasure (mid 15th cent.), apparently specific use of rasure rasure n.¹; compare also raser , rasier , rasiere razer n.¹ Compare post-classical Latin rasura (a1140, 13th cent. in British sources), Italian rasura (14th cent.). Obsolete. = razer n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > dry measure > specific dry measure units > bushel > four bushels amberOE coomb1418 rasure1482 razera1492 1482 J. Parmenter Let. 30 Jan. in Cely Lett. (1975) 130 I pray ȝou to puruay yow off oottys [sc. Cotswold wool], for we can haue none ondir ij s. iiij d. the rasur, and to puruay you bothe of whete vj rasurys. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) viii. 187 The rasour of whete was solde for fourty shelynges and twenty pence. 1526 in H. A. Lee-Dillon Calais & Pale (1892) 89 Item, for evry Rasure of Lyme qr. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹a1400n.²1482
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rasuren.1

† rasuren.2

rasuren.¹

† rasuren.²