单词 | reflecting |
释义 | reflectingn.ΚΠ ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 76v Þat reflectyng [?c1425 Paris bowynge; L. reflexio] myȝt lette þe goyng oute of þe materie. 2. The action of reflect v. (in various senses); an instance of this. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > reflection > [noun] > reproducing an image reflection?a1439 reflexcy?1589 reflecting1711 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 261/2 Reflectyng, reflection, reuerberation. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 35 This maner of the ioynt serueth to the bowyng, and reflectyng of the foote. 1594 G. Chapman Σκìα Νυκτòς sig. Div As when the sunnebeams..dance vpon a wall, that is the subiect of his [sc. the sun's] faire reflectings. a1628 J. Preston Remaines (1634) 44 The reflecting of the understanding, whereby we know the hurt that comes to us thereby. 1667 S. Pepys Diary 14 Feb. (1974) VIII. 61 My Lord Bellasses would not take notice of their reflecting on him. 1711 Brit. Apollo 21–23 Mar. The Earth's reflecting of the Sun's Light. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 418. ¶5 We are delighted with the reflecting upon Dangers that are past. 1798 A. F. M. Willich Elements Crit. Philos. 41 Rational Psychology, which considers the subject of the internal sense, mind; and, according to its fundamental notions, the reflecting capacity in general. 1881 Littell's Living Age 22 Jan. 223/2 The reflecting of the flickering volumes of light cast faintly and fitfully in the floating fogs. a1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) II. xiv. 350 ‘Study the part of Lola—learn the lines,’ said he, when he had finished his reflecting. 1976 Times 31 Mar. 15/4 If its decline is a portent of a new pattern of newspaper technology and distribution, it augurs ill for the reflecting of democratic processes at the grass roots. 1993 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 20 Feb. (Saturday Extra section) 10 Admirers of her self-unsparing reflectings on life behind the Wall. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). reflectingadj. 1. a. Of light or sound: that is or has been reflected; undergoing reflection. Also figurative and in figurative contexts. ΚΠ a1560 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Nyne Fyrst Bks. Eneidos (1562) ix. sig. Dd.ivv His hye helme..yt brightsom beames reflecting shone. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 9 v That noble Laberinthe [sc. the ear], resonant to the reflectyng ayre of euery noyse. a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. D4v The bright shining of whose glorious actes Lightens the world with his reflecting beames. 1649 W. Peaps Love in it's Extasie ii. ii Our sex are all like watry clouds Made various still by the reflecting Sun. 1738 J. Barber Tom K—g's iii. 49 So have I seen a gaudy Peacock plume Her Argus Eyes in the reflecting Sun. 1829 tr. C. Malte-Brun Universal Geogr. (new ed.) III. lxvii. 6 This river..glittered under the reflecting beams of the rising sun. 1963 M. Walker Nature of Sci. Thought v. 66 The reflecting light kicks the electron violently to some other position. 2004 R. Luce-Kapler Writing with, through, & beyond Text iii. 55 Usnelli watches the reflecting light. b. Of an object, surface, etc.: that reflects light, sound, an image, etc.; producing a reflection or reflections. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > reflection > [adjective] faw?a1400 relusantc1400 relucentc1487 splendent1578 sparkling1590 reflecting1591 speculable1592 reflectent1644 reflective1658 reflexious1659 reflexivea1660 specular1661 reflectant1669 reverberant1733 catoptrica1774 reverberatory1790 the world > matter > physics > energy or power of doing work > [adjective] > relating to radiation > reflecting or reflected reflecting1591 reflected1862 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > reflection > [adjective] reflective1624 reflecting1710 retroreflective1937 the world > matter > physics > science of sound > sound-waves > [adjective] > that reflects sound reflecting1832 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > radio wave > [adjective] > of ionosphere: casting back reflecting1937 1591 Troublesome Raigne Iohn i. sig. F4 The murtherers That rob me of your faire reflecting view. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. iv. 31 Where eies did once inhabite, there were crept..reflecting gems. View more context for this quotation 1636 G. Wither tr. Nemesius Nature of Man 286 It containes it self undispersed, untill it happen upon a reflecting body. 1672 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 7 5087 Those, when they impinge on any Refracting or Reflecting superficies, must..excite Vibrations in the aether. 1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II. at Reflected Dialling Such Places as the Suns direct Rays can never come to directly, but only by the help of some reflecting Surface. 1832 D. Brewster Lett. Nat. Magic ix. 222 Echoes from each reflecting surface reach the ear in succession. 1841 R. W. Emerson Ess. 1st Ser. (Boston ed.) vi. 180 It never troubles the sun that some of his rays fall wide..and only a small part on the reflecting planet. 1937 Discovery Jan. 3 The reflecting ionosphere layer. 1953 Reed & Russell Ultra High Frequency Propagation 513 The amplitude of the reflected energy is dependent..upon the dynamic mechanics of the reflecting media. 1992 Cent. Home May 65 (advt.) Rock phlox, lamium, fritillaries, and others form an array of mauves and white around a reflecting pool. c. Of an instrument, device, etc.: having a component which reflects light. Cf. reflecting telescope n. at Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > reflection > [adjective] > made reflective or lustrous > of lamps, etc. reflecting1667 1667 J. Hooke Minute 9 May in Jrnl. Royal Soc. (Hooke Folio Online) 175 Expt. for next day. comparing reflecting tube. 1668 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 3 743 These Objects, Reflecting and Refracting Glasses.., must be placed without the said high Window or Hole. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Reflecting, or Reflexive Dyals, are made by a little piece of Looking-Glass-Plate, duly placed, which reflects the Sun's Rays to the top of a Ceiling, &c. where the Dyal is drawn. 1772 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 242 The reflecting lights fixed up at the Light-houses for this Port. 1802 Brookes' Gazetteer (ed. 12) at Port Patrick The..quays..with a reflecting light~house. 1849 F. B. Head Stokers & Pokers (1851) x. 96 Lighted by four large reflecting lamps. 1889 G. W. Usill Pract. Surv. iii. 33 This portable and neat little instrument is a reflecting level and clinometer combined. 1966 New Scientist 21 July 141/3 A reflecting microscope..often implies no more than one..in which opaque objects are viewed in reflected light. 1989 Miller's Collectables Price Guide 1989–90 331/1 A brass Douglas's patent reflecting protractor..in leather case. 2. Given to deep or careful thinking; characterized by this; thoughtful, profound. Cf. reflective adj. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > [adjective] thoughtfulc1175 contemplative1340 considerativec1449 musing1449 studient1532 pondering1566 contemplatory1576 speculative1578 considerate1581 reflective1581 theorical1594 theoric?1600 theoretical1608 meditative1611 thoughtsome1627 reflexive1630 reflecting1632 revolutive1637 cogitativea1639 thoughtive1654 lucubratory1656 thinkful1668 theoretic1701 ruminatinga1704 reflectious1715 ruminative1774 thinking1799 meditative1831 ruminant1849 meditational1864 penseful1865 the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > [adjective] contemplative1340 thoughtfula1400 considering1483 revolving1597 deliberative1602 ponderative1610 reflexive1630 ponderous1632 reflecting1632 reflectivea1640 perpensive1647 balancing1850 meditative1876 1632 T. Carre tr. J.-P. Camus Spirituall Combat ii. ix. 232 Simple persons are sometymes more capable of deuotion, then curious, actiue, reflecting, and penetrating witts, who make a great deale more brute, but yeald lesse fruit. 1651 Bp. J. Taylor Rule & Exercises Holy Dying iii. 121 To consist with acts of reason, consideration, choice, and a present and reflecting minde. 1712 R. Blackmore Creation i. 6 To pursue That End..Demands a Conscious, Wise, Reflecting Cause. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iv. 478 Grave and reflecting men..augured from such beginnings the approach of evil times. 1869 N.Y. Herald 7 Apr. 6/6 The..subject of the education of the youth of this city has commanded the best efforts of the reflecting minds of all classes of men of science and of letters. 1902 W. James Varieties Relig. Experience vi–vii. 136 Still, if he is a reflecting being, he must generalize and class his own lot with that of others. 1962 Internat. Affairs 38 485 This trial has made reflecting men and women aware..that the limits of man's inhumanity to man are solely those of time, opportunity, and scientific knowledge. 1991 R. Davies Murther & Walking Spirits iii. xi. 121 Samuel is what the town calls ‘long-headed’. He is a reflecting man, and he reflects a great deal on what may bring him a profit. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > [adjective] horyc1000 missayingc1330 slandering1402 disclanderous1421 maligningc1425 defamatoryc1485 calumnious1490 defamative1502 slanderous?1521 infaming1535 obtractuous1537 defaminga1550 defamous1557 black-mouthed1560 sycophanticala1566 malignious1578 libelling1587 blasting1591 maledicent1599 traducing1601 black-throated1604 blasphemous1605 depraving1606 abusive1608 calumniating1609 obloquious1611 vilifying1611 infamatory1612 calumniatory1625 aspersionating1639 aspersive1642 scandalizing1646 reflexive1654 unworthying1654 reflecting1656 reflective1664 slanderful1669 aspersing1673 reflectious1715 traducent1736 obloquial1790 sycophantic1801 wronging1845 trash-talking1975 1656 W. Rider Laying on of Hands Asserted Post-script sig. N4v I have indeavoured both in my book and in my Answering of these four Chapters, to write without reflecting Language, which as I know it would not profit my self nor the truth. 1678 Minute Bk. Royal Coll. Surgeons Edinb. II. 186 Samuall Cheislie..did upbraid him with very reflecting expressions..The calling finds the said Samuell Cheislie guiltie in reflecting against the deacon. 1687 A. Farmer in J. R. Bloxham Magdalen Coll. & James II (1886) (modernized text) 74 Certificates, the most reflecting contents of which they disown. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1734) II. 412 The Lower House..brought up injurious and reflecting Addresses to the Upper House. 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. 125 Neither..are any reflecting words made use of in legal proceedings, and pertinent to the cause in hand, a sufficient cause of action for slander. 1819 W. O. Russell Treat. Crimes & Misdemeanors (1824) I. xxv. 325 When reflecting words are spoken of the judges of the superior courts at Westminster, the speaker is indictable both at common law and under the statutes of Scandalum Magnatum. 1861 S. M. Janney Hist. Relig. Soc. Friends II. xiii. 299 John Wilkinson and John Storey had opposed our Monthly and Quarterly meetings, with reflecting words against them, calling them courts and sessions. Compounds reflecting circle n. now historical a navigational and surveying instrument that uses the same principle as the sextant but with a full circle rather than an arc.The instrument consists of a metal circle graduated in degrees, an arm with a sighting telescope and a horizon mirror, and another arm with a second mirror. The principle was described by T. Mayer in Commentarii Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis 1752 2 325. ΚΠ 1788 Analyt. Rev. Sept. 122 The reflecting circle was invented by Mayer, about twelve years ago. 1799 tr. J. F. G. de la Perouse Voy. Round World (ed. 2) I. 321 Four reflecting circles, by M. de Borda, to observe the heights and distances of the stars. 1843 J. C. Frémont Rep. May in D. Jackson & M. L. Spence Exped. J. C. Frémont (1970) I. 482 One reflecting circle, by Gambey. Two sextants, by Troughton. 1920 P. P. Blackburn White's Elements Theoret. & Descriptive Astron. (ed. 8) ii. 47 The reflecting circle is still another modification of the sextant. 2006 M. W. Jackson Harmonious Triads v. 119 The father was renowned for his manufacture of precision optical instruments..such as high-precision thermometers and a reflecting circle (Spiegelkreis). reflecting glass n. now archaic a mirror; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > mirror > [noun] sunshineeOE showerOE glass13.. mirrorc1330 spectaclec1430 mirror glass1440 beryl-glass1540 reflecting glass?a1560 reflective1720 show-glass1810 shiner1819 ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxi. sig. Gij The Parabola for his small distance, most perfectly doth vnite beames, and most vehemently burneth of all other reflecting glasses. 1734 I. Watts Reliquiæ Juveniles Pref. p. xiv When a reflecting Glass shews the Deformities of a Face so plain as to point to the Person, [etc.]. 1857 R. B. Stratton Captivity of Oatman Girls (1858) 84 His movements were a reflecting glass, in which we could as plainly read some dire catastrophe was breeding for us. 1987 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 77 63 The poem itself, referred to as a ‘mirroure’ by Jean de Meun, is both a reflecting glass and a lens radiating and deflecting light upon love and lovers. 2000 J. Schenkar Truly Wilde ii. 33 Everything is slightly distorted by the patinations of the old reflecting glass. reflecting telescope n. Astronomy = reflector n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > instrument for distant vision > [noun] > telescope > reflecting telescopes reflecting telescope1672 reflector1735 speculum1789 Herschelian telescope1792 Newtonian1820 reflector telescope1840 Cassegrain1888 Nasmyth1960 Nasmyth–Cassegrain1972 1672 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 7 4004 This Excellent Mathematician [sc. Isaac Newton] having given us..an account of the cause, which induced him to think upon Reflecting Telescopes, instead of Refracting ones, hath thereupon presented the Curious World with an Essay of what may be performed by such Telescopes. 1725 A. Pope Corr. 10 Oct. (1956) II. 330 Have ye not Reflecting Telescopes whereby ye may innocently magnify her Spots and Blemishes? 1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 1220/1 In reflecting telescopes the speculum, or mirror, performs the same office that the object-glass does in those of the refracting kind. 1916 Times 19 July 5/3 A 72in. reflecting telescope, the largest yet completed, has just been finished by the Warner and Swasey Company, Cleveland, Ohio. 2001 F. Watson in P. Moore 2002 Yearbk. Astron. ii. 228 Spherical mirrors..cannot be used in conventional reflecting telescopes because they suffer from spherical aberration. Derivatives reˈflectingly adv. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > [adverb] thoughtfully1479 pensively1569 reflexively1631 reflectingly1643 ponderingly1647 studiedly1658 cogitantly1660 reflectively1763 ruminatingly1823 ruminatively1837 ruminantly1847 consideringly1870 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > [adverb] noisingly1426 slanderously1429 slanderfully1550 defamously1563 defamedly1567 backbitingly1580 abusively?1593 disgracefully1604 calumniously1625 contumeliously1632 reflectingly1643 slanderingly1648 aspersively1653 defamatorily1659 vilifyingly1682 reflexivelya1716 libellously1832 1643 R. Baker Chron. Kings of Eng. i. 95 Though these directly were but particular Grievances, yet reflectingly they were generall. 1701 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World I. i. 21 He may not indeed think of it reflectingly and distinctly. 1838 New Monthly Mag. 53 541 Well and reflectingly hath Wordsworth told us that the simplest flower [etc.]. 1992 Sunday Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 8 Nov. 9 ‘I think I grew up in considerable hardship, yes, I do,’ he says reflectingly. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.?a1425adj.a1560 |
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