Red Armyn.

Brit.

/ˌrɛd ˈɑːmi/, U.S.

/ˌrɛd ˈɑrmi/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: red adj., army n.

Etymology: < red adj. + army n.In sense 1a after Russian (now hist.) Krasnaja Armija, more fully Raboče-Krest′janskaja Krasnaja Armija Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (both 1918). In sense 1b after similar phrases in other communist countries, e.g.: Hungarian Vörös Hadsereg the army of revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union (not normally used with reference to the army of a short-lived communist regime in Hungary in 1919 (compare quot. 1919 at sense 1b), which was known as tanács-kormány hadserege , lit. ‘army of the government of the Councils’), later also with reference to the army of the Soviet Union; Polish Armia Czerwona (1920 or earlier), German Rote Armee (1918), both chiefly with reference to the army of revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union; Chinese Hóngjūn , with reference to both the army of the Soviet Union and the Chinese communist army ( < hóng red, revolutionary + jūn army; with reference to the Chinese army of 1927–37 more fully Zhōngguó Gōng-Nóng Hóngjūn , lit. ‘Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army’). All these are ultimately modelled on the Russian phrases cited above. In sense 2 after Japanese Nihon Sekigun < Nihon , the name of Japan (see Nippon n.) + Sekigun Red Army, originally used of the Soviet army < seki- ( < the Middle Chinese base of Chinese chì red) + gun army ( < the Middle Chinese base of Chinese jūn army; compareKōgun (Chinese) Red Army, after Chinese Hóngjūn Red Army: see above).

a. Originally: the army of the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War. Later: the army of the Soviet Union. Now chiefly historical.The army was formed in 1918 and became the national army in 1922. It was renamed the Soviet Army (Russian Sovetskaja Armija) in 1946, but the term Red Army has remained in common English use, and is occasionally still used to refer to the Russian army.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > [noun] > Russian armies in Civil War

Red Army1918

White Army1918

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > [noun] > Soviet army

Red Army1918

1918 Fort Wayne (Indiana) News & Sentinel 26 Jan. 1/4 Lenine announces great Red Army will be formed to uphold Bolsheviki.

1919 Times 15 Jan. 7/ It is very doubtful whether..the leadership and organization of the Red Army are capable of conducting war on the grand scale.

1943 J. B. Priestley Daylight on Sat. viii. 51 The Red Army is still showing what a workers' republic can do.

1973 Sat. Evening Post (U.S.) July 10/1 Thus the Sino-Soviet conflict, first indicated by the Russian Communiqué of November 4, 1956, when the Red Army marched into Hungary.

2000 T. Clancy Bear & Dragon xvii. 260 That would be his first task, and not a minor one, to crack those uniformed boys into Red Army soldiers of the sort who had crushed the Germans at Kursk.

b. In extended use: the name of the army in the countries of the Soviet bloc (now historical), or in other communist countries, esp. China.In China, the communist army was formed at the beginning of the Civil War in 1927 as the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (see etymology). Following several changes of name, it has officially been called the People's Liberation Army (Chinese Zhōngguó Rénmín Jiěfàngjūn; compare PLA n. at P n. Initialisms) since 1947.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > [noun] > other armies

Grand Army1792

Grande Armée1819

Grand Army1827

Nizam1840

Red Army1919

Reichswehr1920

ARVN1966

1919 Times 3 Apr. 12/2 The organization of the [Hungarian] Red Army has been promptly taken in hand, and all sorts of money and educational inducements for recruiting are offered.

1934 tr. Mao Tse-Tung's Red China 21 The Chinese Soviets and their Red Army have grown out of the development of the agrarian revolution, which liberates the masses of the peasants from oppression and exploitation.

1965 M. Michael tr. J. Myrdal Rep. Chinese Village i. 4 The peasants of northern Shensi..set up their own soviet republic and formed their own Red Army.

1974 P. S. Wandycz Lands of Partitioned Poland xvi. 364 Consequently, some Polish Red Army detachments emerged and were later organized in the Western Rifles Division.

1995 B. K. Uekert Rivers of Blood iii. 31 On the evening of June 3, Red Army troops descended on Tiananmen Square in Beijing,where thousands of citizens had been demonstrating for political reform.

2. More fully Japanese Red Army. An extreme left-wing terrorist organization from Japan, developing from the Red Army Fraction (Red Army Fraction n.) and active in the 1970s and 1980s. Cf. Red Brigade n. at red adj. and n. Compounds 1f(c)(i). Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > terrorism > [noun] > terrorist > specific terrorist organization

Red Army Faction1969

Red Army1970

Angry Brigade1971

Red Army Faction1971

Red Brigade1971

Red Army Fraction1972

Action Directe1980

1970 Times 31 Mar. 1/3 The students were said to be members of a militant left-wing group styling itself the Red Army.

1974 Times 7 Feb. 5/1 The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and the Red Army of Japan in a statement issued yesterday sought to justify the attack on the Singapore oil storage tanks—where it is claimed 15 tanks were blown up.

1976 K. Benton Single Monstrous Act iii. 19 The Libyans..seem to have dished out money to every revolutionary group there is, from the Japanese Red Army to the Provos.

1985 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 22 July Japanese Red Army terrorist Kuzo Okamoto was among a group of 217 former prisoners released by Israel.

2003 N.Y. Times Mag. 19 Jan. 32/1 By the end of the 70's, training camps situated in the Libyan desert were home to a virtual model United Nations of malcontents—reportedly including Japanese Red Army ‘soldiers’ next to Yemeni socialists next to members of West Germany's Baader-Meinhof Gang.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	red army
释义	Red Armyn. Brit. /ˌrɛd ˈɑːmi/, U.S. /ˌrɛd ˈɑrmi/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: red adj., army n. Etymology: < red adj. + army n.In sense 1a after Russian (now hist.) Krasnaja Armija, more fully Raboče-Krest′janskaja Krasnaja Armija Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (both 1918). In sense 1b after similar phrases in other communist countries, e.g.: Hungarian Vörös Hadsereg the army of revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union (not normally used with reference to the army of a short-lived communist regime in Hungary in 1919 (compare quot. 1919 at sense 1b), which was known as tanács-kormány hadserege , lit. ‘army of the government of the Councils’), later also with reference to the army of the Soviet Union; Polish Armia Czerwona (1920 or earlier), German Rote Armee (1918), both chiefly with reference to the army of revolutionary Russia and the Soviet Union; Chinese Hóngjūn , with reference to both the army of the Soviet Union and the Chinese communist army ( < hóng red, revolutionary + jūn army; with reference to the Chinese army of 1927–37 more fully Zhōngguó Gōng-Nóng Hóngjūn , lit. ‘Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army’). All these are ultimately modelled on the Russian phrases cited above. In sense 2 after Japanese Nihon Sekigun < Nihon , the name of Japan (see Nippon n.) + Sekigun Red Army, originally used of the Soviet army < seki- ( < the Middle Chinese base of Chinese chì red) + gun army ( < the Middle Chinese base of Chinese jūn army; compareKōgun (Chinese) Red Army, after Chinese Hóngjūn Red Army: see above). 1. a. Originally: the army of the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War. Later: the army of the Soviet Union. Now chiefly historical.The army was formed in 1918 and became the national army in 1922. It was renamed the Soviet Army (Russian Sovetskaja Armija) in 1946, but the term Red Army has remained in common English use, and is occasionally still used to refer to the Russian army. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > [noun] > Russian armies in Civil War Red Army1918 White Army1918 society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > [noun] > Soviet army Red Army1918 1918 Fort Wayne (Indiana) News & Sentinel 26 Jan. 1/4 Lenine announces great Red Army will be formed to uphold Bolsheviki. 1919 Times 15 Jan. 7/ It is very doubtful whether..the leadership and organization of the Red Army are capable of conducting war on the grand scale. 1943 J. B. Priestley Daylight on Sat. viii. 51 The Red Army is still showing what a workers' republic can do. 1973 Sat. Evening Post (U.S.) July 10/1 Thus the Sino-Soviet conflict, first indicated by the Russian Communiqué of November 4, 1956, when the Red Army marched into Hungary. 2000 T. Clancy Bear & Dragon xvii. 260 That would be his first task, and not a minor one, to crack those uniformed boys into Red Army soldiers of the sort who had crushed the Germans at Kursk. b. In extended use: the name of the army in the countries of the Soviet bloc (now historical), or in other communist countries, esp. China.In China, the communist army was formed at the beginning of the Civil War in 1927 as the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (see etymology). Following several changes of name, it has officially been called the People's Liberation Army (Chinese Zhōngguó Rénmín Jiěfàngjūn; compare PLA n. at P n. Initialisms) since 1947. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > [noun] > other armies Grand Army1792 Grande Armée1819 Grand Army1827 Nizam1840 Red Army1919 Reichswehr1920 ARVN1966 1919 Times 3 Apr. 12/2 The organization of the [Hungarian] Red Army has been promptly taken in hand, and all sorts of money and educational inducements for recruiting are offered. 1934 tr. Mao Tse-Tung's Red China 21 The Chinese Soviets and their Red Army have grown out of the development of the agrarian revolution, which liberates the masses of the peasants from oppression and exploitation. 1965 M. Michael tr. J. Myrdal Rep. Chinese Village i. 4 The peasants of northern Shensi..set up their own soviet republic and formed their own Red Army. 1974 P. S. Wandycz Lands of Partitioned Poland xvi. 364 Consequently, some Polish Red Army detachments emerged and were later organized in the Western Rifles Division. 1995 B. K. Uekert Rivers of Blood iii. 31 On the evening of June 3, Red Army troops descended on Tiananmen Square in Beijing,where thousands of citizens had been demonstrating for political reform. 2. More fully Japanese Red Army. An extreme left-wing terrorist organization from Japan, developing from the Red Army Fraction (Red Army Fraction n.) and active in the 1970s and 1980s. Cf. Red Brigade n. at red adj. and n. Compounds 1f(c)(i). Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > terrorism > [noun] > terrorist > specific terrorist organization Red Army Faction1969 Red Army1970 Angry Brigade1971 Red Army Faction1971 Red Brigade1971 Red Army Fraction1972 Action Directe1980 1970 Times 31 Mar. 1/3 The students were said to be members of a militant left-wing group styling itself the Red Army. 1974 Times 7 Feb. 5/1 The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and the Red Army of Japan in a statement issued yesterday sought to justify the attack on the Singapore oil storage tanks—where it is claimed 15 tanks were blown up. 1976 K. Benton Single Monstrous Act iii. 19 The Libyans..seem to have dished out money to every revolutionary group there is, from the Japanese Red Army to the Provos. 1985 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 22 July Japanese Red Army terrorist Kuzo Okamoto was among a group of 217 former prisoners released by Israel. 2003 N.Y. Times Mag. 19 Jan. 32/1 By the end of the 70's, training camps situated in the Libyan desert were home to a virtual model United Nations of malcontents—reportedly including Japanese Red Army ‘soldiers’ next to Yemeni socialists next to members of West Germany's Baader-Meinhof Gang. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1918
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