revivaln.
/rᵻˈvʌɪvl/, U.S. /rəˈvaɪv(ə)l/, /riˈvaɪv(ə)l/ 1.
a. The action of reviving something after decline or discontinuance; restoration to general use, acceptance, popularity, etc.; an instance or the result of this.In quot. 1587: a recurrence of something after an interval.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > [noun] > restoration of anything lapsed or obsolete
resuscitationa1500
revival1587
revivor1602
reviver1605
redivival1843
relance1960
1587 W. Farmer Prognostication for 1587 in Common Almanacke sig. D.iv (heading) A reuiuall of the great Coniunction of the two potentiall Planettes, Saturne and Iupiter, which happened in Anno .1583. the .xxviij. day of Apryll.
1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 149 In the Statutes which hee mentioneth, there is neither New, nor Strange;..but a reuiuall of certaine Statutes before enacted.
1651 W. Davenant Gondibert iii. iv. 68 The King has now his curious sight suffis'd With all lost Arts, in their revival view'd.
1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. ix Unnecessary Coynage [of words], as well as unnecessary Revival, runs into Affectation.
1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. p. lviii The happy Revival of Masquerading among us.
1780 W. Cowper Let. 12 July (1979) I. 367 I have often wished..for the revival of the Roman custom—salutem at top, and vale at bottom.
1865 E. A. Freeman Hist. Ess. (1871) 1st Ser. vi. 160 The new German Empire is a fair revival of the old German Kingdom.
1874 J. T. Micklethwaite Mod. Parish Churches 179 The modern revival of extempore preaching.
1922 F. S. Fitzgerald Beautiful & Damned ii. ii. 313 Sunday afternoon meant good-by to the one or two guests who must return to the city, and a great revival of drinking among the one or two who remained.
1938 E. L. Woodward Age of Reform i. ii. 109 This pageantry was carried to an absurdity in the revival of a medieval tournament at Eglinton in the summer of 1839.
2008 Daily Tel. 2 July 14/8 The Rubik's Cube fell out of favour in the 1990s but is experiencing a revival following the popularity of tutorials on You Tube.
b. spec. The action or an act of staging a new production of an old play, musical, etc., or of reshowing an old film, republishing an old literary work, etc.; a newly revived play, film, etc. Also: the action or an act of resuming an old radio or television series.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > [noun] > dramatic performance > revival
revive1553
revival?1611
society > communication > broadcasting > [noun] > broadcasting specific type of programme or item
spot advertising1904
outside broadcasting1925
school broadcasting1926
newscasting1928
sportcasting1934
sportscasting1941
revival1955
pray-TV1957
trailing1961
radiovision1963
?1611 G. Chapman in tr. Homer Iliads To Ld. Chancellor sig. Dd1 v (Authentique Homer) humbly presents his English Revivall.
1664 J. Wilson Cheats sig. A4 Another [prologue], Intended, upon the revival of the Play, but not spoken.
1779 S. Johnson Otway in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets IV. 4 Friendship in Fashion..was, upon its revival..in 1749, hissed off the stage.
1815 Haslewood Mirr. Mag. Ded. The Mirror for Magistrates: A Popular Production of the Reign of Elizabeth which merited Revival.
1863 Sat. Rev. 16 May 633 The preservation of hundreds of plays, and names which deserve remembrance and justify revival.
1888 Cent. Mag. Feb. 544 (note) Some of Mr. Daly's revivals have been beautifully costumed.
1946 S. T. Felstead Stars who made Halls ii. 31 This mermaid song was a classic for many a long year and even now bears revival.
1955 Times 13 May 16/1 The B.B.C. had left the door open... The minimum gap before such a revival would be six months.
1976 in Amer. Speech (1978) 53 58 We retain the right to edit our material which includes excessive emotionalism or statements which could be detrimental to S[tar] T[rek] fandom or revival.
2006 Big Issue Christmas 44/2 The show that attracted the most ballyhoo was Andrew Lloyd Webber's revival of that old sixties warhorse, The Sound Of Music.
c. revival of learning (also letters, literature, etc.): the Renaissance in its literary aspect.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [noun] > literary period
revival of learning (also letters, literature, etc.)1694
Augustanism1883
1694 W. Wotton Refl. Anc. & Mod. Learning xxvi. 299 Natural Philosophy was the last Part of Knowledge which was cultivated with any particular Care, upon the Revival of Learning.
1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. Notes p. xv/2 This singular animal [sc. the giraffe] has not been seen in Europe since the revival of letters.
1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. Introd. 3 At the revival of learning every thing disappeared to make room for the works of antiquity.
1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 20 Till the revival of literature in Europe there was no attempt at philosophical discussions in any of the Sciences.
1835 T. B. Macaulay in G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay (1876) I. vi. 402 The great revival of letters among the western nations at the close of the fifteenth, and the beginning of the sixteenth, century.
1872 J. Morley Voltaire i. 1 The names of the great decisive movements in the European advance, like the Revival of Learning, or the Reformation.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 933/1 In ancient times, and at the revival of letters, the dissection of the lower animals was substituted for that of the human body.
1950 H. Read Educ. for Peace iv. 55 A complete break-away from a pedagogic tradition which had its origins in the Revival of Learning.
1988 Oxf. Art Jrnl. 40 29 The beginnings of the Renaissance (in the sense of the revival of arts and letters),..were located around the eleventh century.
2002 Goethe Yearbk. 11 3 Goethe drew..upon literary and artistic traditions that, from the Revival of Learning on, continued to be vital into his own lifetime.
d. The reintroduction of a style of architecture, furniture, etc., characteristic of a particular earlier period; (also) architecture of this style. In later use frequently with modifying word, as Greek revival, Jacobean revival, etc., and often used attributively.Gothic Revival: see Gothic adj. 3d.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > style of architecture > [noun] > Gothic > Gothic revival
revival1806
churchwarden1821
American Gothic1836
Strawberry Hill1836
Gothic1841
Puginesquery1848
Gothic Revival1869
1806 J. Dallaway Observ. on Eng. Archit. ix. 199 Italy, in the revival of classical architecture, presented an admirable model in St. Peter's Church.
1855 G. G. Scott Remarks Secular & Domest. Archit. (1858) 17 We have so generally come to the conclusion that the best period of our national architecture was the latter half of the thirteenth and the beginning of the fourteenth centuries, that we have insensibly adopted that as the groundwork of our revival.
1872 C. L. Eastlake Hist. Gothic Revival 209 The year in which the foundation stone of the Parliament Houses was laid may be taken as a turning point in the History of the Revival.
1901 P. L. Waterhouse Story of Art of Building x. 204 The [Gothic revival] style in America..for many years dominated the field, drawing its inspiration from Pugin, Ruskin, and the other writers, moral and artistic, that gave the revival its remarkable strength in England.
1936 Amer. Home Feb. 10/1 Pillars appeared on sideboards and bureaus. This classic revival expressed itself in England as the George III Period, or the English Regency.
1951 N. Pevsner Middlesex (Buildings of Eng.) 146 A little NE of Stanmore Hall is Warren House, elaborate Early Jacobean Revival with a rich porte-cochère.
1987 Canad. Heritage (Ottawa, Ont.) Aug.–Sept. 26/2 Darker greens and reds were favored by..architect, James Renwick, whose historic revival style produced many of the Mansardic and High Victorian buildings of Gothic and Italianate influence.
2008 Saving Cent. (Victorian Soc.) 29 The Midland Railway station in Ashby-de-la-Zouch is a handsome Greek Revival building built in 1849.
2. † d. Chemistry. = revivification n. 2a. Obsolete.
a. Restoration or return to life or consciousness; an instance of this.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > source or principle of life > resurrection or revival > [noun]
aristc885
risinga1200
uprisingc1250
upristc1250
arisnessa1300
uprisea1300
arising1340
uparising1340
again-risingc1384
uprasa1400
upraisingc1400
resuscitation?a1450
revive1553
gain-risinga1557
revivification1561
restorement1571
apotheosis1595
revival1608
reviviscencea1631
reanimation1633
second birth1643
reviviction1646
anastasis1647
reviviscency1654
rise1738
anabiosis1890
1608 G. Chapman Trag. Duke of Byron v, in Conspiracie Duke of Byron sig. R3v Neuer more Shall any hope of my reuiuall see mee; Such is the endlesse exile of dead men.
1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. xlix. 134 On his revival from the swoon.., he recovered his speech and sight.
1810 G. Crabbe Borough xx. 278 His Son suspended saw him, long bereft Of Life, nor prospect of Revival left.
1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. xxiv. 240 Ohlsen was no more. He had shown, a short half-hour before, some signs of revival.
1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 417 And revival, if there be such a thing, is the birth of the dead into the world of the living?
1910 Outlook 19 Feb. 378/1 Cases of apparent death followed by a revival from death have been frequent, not only in animal but in human history.
1947 M. Lowry Under Volcano vii. 234 Here the tent booths and galleries seemed not so much asleep as lifeless, beyond hope of revival.
1987 C. Zaleski Otherworld Journeys (1988) iii. viii. 138 Usually revival is instantaneous, following immediately upon the decision or command to return.
2003 S. A. Stephens Seeing Double iii. 134 These amulets..came with an inscribed narrative that detailed Horus's magic revival from poisonous snakebites.
b. The renewal or raising again of a complaint, objection, etc.; an instance of this.
ΚΠ
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. ix. 524/2 It was worthy of reproofe in the King; that..hee should now againe afflict his honourable old-age with reuiuall of accusations.
1675 R. Ferguson Interest of Reason in Relig. ii. 358 I wish there were not occasion for the revival of Gregory Nazianzen's & Hierom's complaint.
1732 J. Besse Def. Quakerism Pref. p. vi His Work is principally a Revival of old Charges.
1763 P. Annet Tyranny & Persecution Pref. p. xi If every objection, that persons of learning and parts could suggest, hath been refuted, what harm can the revival of those objections do?
1826 J. Kent Comm. Amer. Law I. viii. 157 After peace, the revival of grievances arising before the war is not to be encouraged, for treaties of peace are intended to put an end to such complaints.
1885 Act 48 Vict. c. 15 §1 Any notice..relating to the withdrawal and revival of objections.
1908 Encycl. Laws Eng. (ed. 2) XII. 564 The revival of an objection by another qualified person after the death of the person objecting.
1952 S. E. Finer Life & Times Sir Edwin Chadwick 289 The virtual revival of the charges he thought he had shaken off, put Chadwick into another fit of peevishness.
2005 J. Jelly-Schapiro in A. L. Allahar Ethnicity, Class & Nationalism ii. 52 A loud revival of charges and countercharges of corruption and racism between the two parties.
c. Restoration to activity or vigour; improvement in condition, strength, etc.; an instance of this.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > [noun] > restoration to flourishing condition
resurrectionc1450
reviving1486
resuscitating1554
revivement1611
revival1619
revivifying1631
reviction1644
resuscitation1650
revification1657
reviviscence1711
revivification1756
anastasis1843
revitalizing1849
revitalization1850
1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. ii. vi. 151 The first hope of their empires recouerie, and, as I may say, reuiuall thereof, was Fabius.
1752 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) III. 151 A month's visit would have been such a revival to me!
1772 J. Wesley Jrnl. 4 Sept. (1777) 85 There had been a fresh revival of the work of God among them.
1783 E. Burke Rep. Affairs India in Wks. (1842) II. 33 The revival of trade in the native hands is of absolute necessity.
1866 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighb. (1878) 491 This was the first time he had shown such a revival of energy.
1874 J. Sully Sensation & Intuition 153 Where a feeling is extremely simple.., its too frequent revival tends to exhaust it.
1911 Catholic Encycl. XII. 700/2 Since the Barbarian invasions the Church had effected a complete transformation and revival of the races of Western Europe.
1940 Nevada: Guide to Silver State (Federal Writers' Project) i. 34 In 1846, after a year in which there had been a revival of business, only two thousand left the Missouri.
1973 P. Arnold & C. Davis Hamlyn Bk. World Soccer 179/1 Arsenal gave first positive proof of their revival by capturing the Fairs Cup in 1970.
2004 S. Kirkbright Karl Jaspers i. ii. 27 What sustained the revival of his spirits that had begun in Sils Maria was Ernst Mayer's perceptive decision to introduce his friend to his sister Gertrud.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > revivification
vivification1612
revivification1643
reviving1677
revival1680
1680 Bernardus Trevisanus in J. F. Houpreght Aurifontina Chymica xii. 267 Therefore Mercury in this revival acquires nothing.
1788 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 79 14 I mentioned some instances of the revival of red precipitate in inflammable air.
3.
a. A general reawakening of or in religion in a particular community or church. Now chiefly historical.
ΚΠ
1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi iii. ii. i. 71/1 There was a notable Revival of Religion among them.
1757 E. Wheelock Mem. (1811) 215 We rejoice to hear of a revival of religion in the established church.
1793 Baptist Reg. for 1794–7 II. 74 A short sketch of revivals in religion.
1821 Universalist Mag. 9 June 193/3 There has been of late, in Hartford and its vicinity, what is called a revival in religion.
1860 J. Petty Hist. Primitive Methodist Connexion ii. 9 They..established prayer-meetings in the neighbourhood. A great revival of religion took place.
1902 W. James Varieties Relig. Experience ix. 190 Mr. Bradley heard of a revival of religion that had begun in his neighborhood.
1950 M. L. King Appraisal of Great Awakening in Papers (1992) 335 The great spiritual revival of religion in the eighteenth century is usually termed the Great Awakening of 1740.
2008 J. G. Turner Bill Bright & Campus Crusade for Christ ii. 65 Many contemporary observers and historians have described this revival of religion as superficial, transitory, and banal.
b. A reawakening or arousing of religious fervour, esp. by means of lively evangelistic services. Also as a mass noun.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > preaching > proselytization > revival > [noun]
revival1743
1743 Christian Hist. 4 June 106 Our first Instance of some Revivals in this Land was about the Year 1680.
1818 J. Palmer Jrnl. Trav. U.S. 76 The Methodists of Cincinnati are very zealous, and have what they call ‘a revival’ in the country.
1849 C. Brontë Shirley I. i. 13 In the methodist chapel down yonder, where they are in the thick of a revival.
1883 J. A. Froude Short Stud. 4th Ser. ii. i. 166 The number of those who recollect the beginnings of the Oxford revival is shrinking fast.
1942 G. M. Trevelyan Eng. Social Hist. xiv. 459 In the early Nineteenth Century the Evangelical revival, connected with men like Dr. Chalmers..breathed fresh power into Scottish religion.
1975 J. M. Whitworth God's Blueprints ii. 15 When the fervour of the revival had passed, the disappointment and despair of the more zealous converts was usually extreme.
1985 J. Wimber & K. Springer Power Evangelism ii. 38 Power encounters in the church..catapulted us into all-out revival.
c. Chiefly U.S. An evangelistic service or campaign; a revival meeting or series of meetings.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > preaching > proselytization > revival > [noun] > series of services, etc., to bring about
mission1772
revival1799
1799 J. Metcalf Let. 9 Sept. in B. H. Young Hist. Jessamine Co., Kentucky (1898) 197 I have written several letters to assist in holding the revival.
1845 F. Douglass Narr. Life F. Douglass x. 79 There was not a man any where round, who made higher professions of religion, or was more active in revivals,..—that prayed earlier, later, louder, and longer,—than this same reverend slave-driver.
1907 J. McDonald Life in Old Virginia xx. 280 A new preacher who was conducting a revival without much success,..pictured to his hearers..the great joys of heaven, and the tortures of eternal fires.
1955 F. O' Connor Wise Blood iii. 63 His shoes... He didn't wear them except for revivals and in the winter.
2001 J. Grisham Painted House 108 In Black Oak, if you didn't go to church, folks knew it. We had to have somebody to pray for during revivals.
Compounds
General attributive (in sense 3b) as revival meeting, revival preaching, revival service, etc.
ΚΠ
1803 J. Evans Sketch of Denominations of Christian World (ed. 8) 174 The Revival Meetings among the Wesleyan Methodists, where certain persons, under the influence of a religious phrenzy, occasion, by their groanings and vociferations, an uncommon degree of tumult and confusion.
1831 J. J. Strang Jrnl. 31 July in M. M. Quaife Kingdom of St. James (1930) 195 The revival meeting lasted a fortnight or more.
1859 E. A. Stopford Work & Counterwork 7 A bodily illness which has come to be co-existent with this revival movement.
1891 Atlantic Monthly June 813/2 The old slaves are loath to give up the hysteric emotionalism of revival preaching.
1926 C. Coolidge Found. of Republic 150 They had heard the preaching of Jonathan Edwards. They had seen the great revival meetings.
1956 R. Macaulay Towers of Trebizond ix. 88 The Billy Graham mission..hired a room in the municipal buildings, and held a revival service through an interpreter.
1969 C. F. Burke God is Beautiful, Man (1970) 98 One day there was a guy named Peter in a revival tent on an empty lot.
1976 Times 13 Feb. 7/5 In 1876 he [sc. William Booth] set up as music publisher with Revival Music, a collection of hymns and gospel songs used by the Christian Mission.
2004 New Yorker 11 Oct. 54/2 The revival circuit had spawned prosperity preachers such as Aimee Semple McPherson and Billy Sunday.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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