ringleadern.

Brit.

/ˈrɪŋˌliːdə/, U.S.

/ˈrɪŋˌlidər/

Forms: see ring n.¹ and leader n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: ring n.¹, leader n.¹

Etymology: < ring n.¹ + leader n.¹, after to lead the ring at ring n.¹ 13b.

1. A person who takes a leading place or part among a body or number of people engaged in some reprehensible or illegal activity; esp. a leader, chief instigator, or organizer of a mutiny, uprising, demonstration, or plot. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > one who incites or instigates > of something reprehensible

ringleader?1503

?1503 J. Flamank in J. Gairdner Lett. Reigns of Richard III & Henry VII (1861) I. 238 I doutnot but..we shalbe able by good polici to distrii alle the captayns and ryngledres that be of yll and contrarij mynde.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Macc. ix. 61 Ionathas toke L. men of the countre (which were the ryngleders of them) & slewe them.

1579 W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue f. 73^v The chiefe ringleader of the Anabaptistes boasted of Reueilations.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iv. xi. 400 He allured the men of his owne countrey vnto him, who followed him as their Ring-leader to doe mischiefe.

1633 R. S. tr. J. Drexel Nicetas i. vii. §2. 55 The enticers to vice and ringleaders to wickednesse are the eyes.

1675 in O. Airy Essex Papers (1890) I. 292 There is one Philpott a Haberdasher, who..hath bin y^e Principall Ringleader of these seditious people.

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 316 The Boatswain, who was the principal Ringleader of the Mutiny.

1759 R. Jackson Hist. Rev. Pennsylvania 319 Becoming a Promoter and Ringleader of such an Insult on that Part of the Government.

1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. iv. 67 The conspiracy is so nicely balanced among them, that I shall never be able to detect the ring-leader.

1867 J. Hatton Tallants I. iv. 40 He had been the ring-leader in everything wicked for years.

1907 W. A. Dutt Some Lit. Assoc. E. Anglia xii. 200 His frolicsome son, who was a ringleader among the Yarmouth boys in their mischievous pranks.

1954 F. C. Lane All about Insect World 118 But mosquitoes are only the ringleaders in a band of insect killers far worse than any human gangsters. Body lice spread the germs of relapsing fever. They also carry a far worse disease—typhus.

2003 R. Lacey Street Bible 374 They clamp down on the movement by throwing the ringleaders, Pete and Jonno, in the clink.

2. In a positive or neutral sense: a leader or head; a chief authority or organizer. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > leader

lattewc825

lodera1325

chieftainc1386

foreleadera1400

bellwetherc1430

aurigac1460

leader1489

Moses1528

ringleader1548

general1582

foreman1603

coryphaeus1633

foreheada1641

senator1656

father1771

o-muraji1869

simba1964

neta1984

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John vii. 57 b Among the ryngleaders of religion.

1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Ephes. iv. f. viii^v Some he would haue to be chief, as Apostles, ryng leaders & autours of the Gospel preaching.

1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer iv. sig. Pp.ii The lief of the Prince is a lawe and ringleader of the Citizins.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 81 b There is greater cause rather to move us..who have lost so great and learned a ryngleader of learning.

1588 T. Churchyard Sparke of Frendship sig. C2 As a man might say, friendship is a ring-leader to all happinesse.

1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 669 Garter is the principall King of Armes..and goeth first as the onely ring-leader of them all.

1638 A. Read Treat. 1st Pt. Chirurg. xxiii. 169 Amongst the Ancients Galen shall bee the ring leader.

1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. J. Walaeus Two Epist. (new ed.) in tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) Epist. ii. 376 Those famous men the Ring-leaders of this opinion.

1725 P. Gretton Vindic. Doctr. Church Eng. iii. xxiv. 347 Chrysostom took Peter to be a Chief and Ringleader among the Apostles.

1791 J. O'Keeffe Wild Oats ii. 20 Here's one Mr Lamp, a ringleader of the shew-folk's come from Andover, to act in our village.

1835 Times 17 Dec. 2/6 A ringleader of the rescuing party cried out to his accomplices.

1933 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 45 128 One..who frequently played the part of a ring-leader in the nursery school continued to initiate group activities in the kindergarten.

1998 Entertainm. Weekly 6 Feb. 32 The festival's denim-clad ringleader [Robert Redford], who normally walks the streets of Park City sipping Starbucks and obliging snap-happy tourists, spent most of the week in Northern California editing his latest film, The Horse Whisperer.

Derivatives

ˈringleadership n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > one who incites or instigates > of something reprehensible > position of

ringleadership1847

1847 J. Fletcher Hist. Revival & Progress of Independency in Eng. II. p. xii His ring-leadership.

1884 J. Parker Apostolic Life III. 126 The charges of pestilence, sedition, ringleadership, profanity, are only pure and simple lies.

1932 Times 22 July 15/3 The death penalty has been prescribed for the offences of sabotage, ringleadership, or the misuse of firearms.

2004 M. Eder Crime & Punishment in Royal Navy v. 85 Ringleadership was a particularly serious offence as it generally occurred in combination with mutiny.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ringleader
释义	ringleadern. Brit. /ˈrɪŋˌliːdə/, U.S. /ˈrɪŋˌlidər/ Forms: see ring n.¹ and leader n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: ring n.¹, leader n.¹ Etymology: < ring n.¹ + leader n.¹, after to lead the ring at ring n.¹ 13b. 1. A person who takes a leading place or part among a body or number of people engaged in some reprehensible or illegal activity; esp. a leader, chief instigator, or organizer of a mutiny, uprising, demonstration, or plot. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > one who incites or instigates > of something reprehensible ringleader?1503 ?1503 J. Flamank in J. Gairdner Lett. Reigns of Richard III & Henry VII (1861) I. 238 I doutnot but..we shalbe able by good polici to distrii alle the captayns and ryngledres that be of yll and contrarij mynde. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Macc. ix. 61 Ionathas toke L. men of the countre (which were the ryngleders of them) & slewe them. 1579 W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue f. 73^v The chiefe ringleader of the Anabaptistes boasted of Reueilations. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iv. xi. 400 He allured the men of his owne countrey vnto him, who followed him as their Ring-leader to doe mischiefe. 1633 R. S. tr. J. Drexel Nicetas i. vii. §2. 55 The enticers to vice and ringleaders to wickednesse are the eyes. 1675 in O. Airy Essex Papers (1890) I. 292 There is one Philpott a Haberdasher, who..hath bin y^e Principall Ringleader of these seditious people. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 316 The Boatswain, who was the principal Ringleader of the Mutiny. 1759 R. Jackson Hist. Rev. Pennsylvania 319 Becoming a Promoter and Ringleader of such an Insult on that Part of the Government. 1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. iv. 67 The conspiracy is so nicely balanced among them, that I shall never be able to detect the ring-leader. 1867 J. Hatton Tallants I. iv. 40 He had been the ring-leader in everything wicked for years. 1907 W. A. Dutt Some Lit. Assoc. E. Anglia xii. 200 His frolicsome son, who was a ringleader among the Yarmouth boys in their mischievous pranks. 1954 F. C. Lane All about Insect World 118 But mosquitoes are only the ringleaders in a band of insect killers far worse than any human gangsters. Body lice spread the germs of relapsing fever. They also carry a far worse disease—typhus. 2003 R. Lacey Street Bible 374 They clamp down on the movement by throwing the ringleaders, Pete and Jonno, in the clink. 2. In a positive or neutral sense: a leader or head; a chief authority or organizer. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > leader lattewc825 lodera1325 chieftainc1386 foreleadera1400 bellwetherc1430 aurigac1460 leader1489 Moses1528 ringleader1548 general1582 foreman1603 coryphaeus1633 foreheada1641 senator1656 father1771 o-muraji1869 simba1964 neta1984 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John vii. 57 b Among the ryngleaders of religion. 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Ephes. iv. f. viii^v Some he would haue to be chief, as Apostles, ryng leaders & autours of the Gospel preaching. 1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer iv. sig. Pp.ii The lief of the Prince is a lawe and ringleader of the Citizins. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 81 b There is greater cause rather to move us..who have lost so great and learned a ryngleader of learning. 1588 T. Churchyard Sparke of Frendship sig. C2 As a man might say, friendship is a ring-leader to all happinesse. 1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 669 Garter is the principall King of Armes..and goeth first as the onely ring-leader of them all. 1638 A. Read Treat. 1st Pt. Chirurg. xxiii. 169 Amongst the Ancients Galen shall bee the ring leader. 1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. J. Walaeus Two Epist. (new ed.) in tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) Epist. ii. 376 Those famous men the Ring-leaders of this opinion. 1725 P. Gretton Vindic. Doctr. Church Eng. iii. xxiv. 347 Chrysostom took Peter to be a Chief and Ringleader among the Apostles. 1791 J. O'Keeffe Wild Oats ii. 20 Here's one Mr Lamp, a ringleader of the shew-folk's come from Andover, to act in our village. 1835 Times 17 Dec. 2/6 A ringleader of the rescuing party cried out to his accomplices. 1933 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 45 128 One..who frequently played the part of a ring-leader in the nursery school continued to initiate group activities in the kindergarten. 1998 Entertainm. Weekly 6 Feb. 32 The festival's denim-clad ringleader [Robert Redford], who normally walks the streets of Park City sipping Starbucks and obliging snap-happy tourists, spent most of the week in Northern California editing his latest film, The Horse Whisperer. Derivatives ˈringleadership n. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > incitement or instigation > one who incites or instigates > of something reprehensible > position of ringleadership1847 1847 J. Fletcher Hist. Revival & Progress of Independency in Eng. II. p. xii His ring-leadership. 1884 J. Parker Apostolic Life III. 126 The charges of pestilence, sedition, ringleadership, profanity, are only pure and simple lies. 1932 Times 22 July 15/3 The death penalty has been prescribed for the offences of sabotage, ringleadership, or the misuse of firearms. 2004 M. Eder Crime & Punishment in Royal Navy v. 85 Ringleadership was a particularly serious offence as it generally occurred in combination with mutiny. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?1503
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