单词 | roost |
释义 | roostn.1 1. a. The internal framework of a roof, formed by the rafters and joists. Also: the internal space immediately beneath the roof or amid the rafters; a loft. Scottish and English regional (northern) in later use. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense (in form reest) as still in use in Shetland in 1968.In quot. OE the word is perhaps used as the first element of an otherwise unattested compound hrōstbēag, lit. ‘roof framework ring’, perhaps denoting the framework of a circular roof (emendation to *hrōstbēam, lit. ‘roof framework beam’ has also been suggested). The passage is very obscure and has not been satisfactorily explained (see further A. L. Klinck Old Eng. Elegies (1992) 216–17, B. J. Muir Exeter Anthol. Old Eng. Poetry (ed. 2, 2000) II. 703). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room by situation > [noun] > upper room or loft sollarc897 roostOE loftc1385 cellara1400 roofc1405 garret1483 solier1483 hall of stage1485 coploft1571 cockloftc1580 tallet1586 cotloft1642 chamber1644 kitchen loft1648 vance-roof1655 sky-parlour1777 attic1818 soleret1851 overhead1949 dormer room1951 OE Ruin 31 Forþon þas hofu dreorgiað, ond þæs teaforgeapa tigelum sceadeð hrost beages [h]rof. 1685 G. Sinclair Satans Invisible World Discovered (1871) 88 Ther's a witch sitting upon the ruist, take her away: he meant a hen sitting upon the balk of the house. 1790 D. Morison Poems 105 Frae the roost a rung she drew. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Roost,..the inner roof of a cottage, composed of spars of wood reaching from the one wall to the other... It is also vulgarly used to denote a garret. 1856 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. (Gloss.) 725/2 Roost, (Lancas.), the upper part of a cow-house; loft over stable. 1964 T. A. Robertson & J. J. Graham Shetland Folk Bk. IV. 5 The space overhead inside the but-end roof was termed da reest. b. Scottish (northern). In form reest. The internal framework of a roof, used for hanging fish, meat, etc., to dry or cure above a fire; a framework of wooden beams (or occasionally a single beam) used for this purpose. Also: the internal space immediately beneath the roof, used as a place for this purpose. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > hook or frame for hanging meat > supporting beams tenter-balk1876 roost1880 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > framework of building > [noun] > roof-beam > other roof supports soulace1374 forkc1420 sispar1532 bougars1568 straining-beama1805 straining-piecea1805 straining-silla1805 hip truss1850 roost1880 shoulder-wedge1887 main tie1915 1880 W. T. Dennison Orcadian Sketch-bk. 16 The' wur plenty o' geese..hingan' i' the reest. 1883 D. Herbert Fish & Fisheries 115 This arrangement of rails is termed the ‘back reest’. About 18 inches within the hanging brace, and attached to a strong beam resting upon the side-walls, are the ‘hangs’, between which and the ‘back reest’ the spitted fish are suspended. 1905 Stirling Nat. Hist. & Archaeol. Soc. Trans. 112 The light of early days in the Highlands was the fir splint, made from trees found in bogs. They were then placed on the ‘fire reist’ which hung within the ingle, to be dried ready for use. 1914 in A. W. Johnston & A. Johnston Old-lore Misc. VII. ii. 74 The reest of a well-to-do fisherman garnished by ‘tees’ of mutton, ‘pensch’ puddings, geese and ‘baunds o' piltacks’ or sillock. 1964 T. A. Robertson & J. J. Graham Shetland Folk Bk. IV. 5 The reest proper consisting of laths or rods and simmond netting laid down on top of the twart-baaks and several reps running across the width of the room both ootby and inby the fire... Another appliance in the ootby reest was a fairly large rectangular framework of wooden boards on which cow-hides were stretched and dried. 1978 J. R. Nicolson Trad. Life Shetland v. 82 Shoulders and legs of mutton were steeped in pickle for three or four days, then hung in the reest and allowed to dry until they became as hard as bone. 1992 Herald (Glasgow) 17 Oct. 10 Shetlanders continue to enjoy the flavours of aged mutton from the old reestit cure which is first salted and then hung up on the rafters (reests) to dry out. 2. a. A henhouse; the part of a henhouse in which the birds perch at night. Cf. hen roost n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping birds > poultry-keeping > [noun] > enclosure for poultry > poultry-house roostlOE hencote1371 henhouse1429 poultry house1552 hen roosta1567 roosting place1577 hennery1833 scratching-shed1902 lOE Laws: Gerefa (Corpus Cambr.) xi. 454 On wintra erian.., on odene cylne macian—ofn & aste & fela ðinga sceal to tune—ge eac henna hrost. 1526 C. Mery Talys sig. Divv She..toke a ladder and set it to the roost and went herself vp the ladder. 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Gelinier, a hen house, a roust. 1589 ‘M. Marprelate’ Hay any Worke for Cooper 36 He sleepeth belike in the top of ye roust. 1630 J. Taylor Great Eater of Kent 11 His paunch is either a Coope or a Roost for them. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1693 As an ev'ning Dragon came, Assailant on the perched roosts, And nests in order rang'd Of tame villatic Fowl. View more context for this quotation 1752 H. Fielding Amelia I. ii. vi. 140 The good Woman then went out and fetched a Chicken from the Roost, which she killed. 1785 W. Cowper Task v. 58 Now from the roost, or from the neighb'ring pale,..Come trooping..The feather'd tribes domestic. 1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel I. 18 Sad deeds bewailing of the prowling fox; How in the roost the thief had knav'd his way. 1839 Lincoln Gaz. 12 Feb. 3/4 The rogues went to another roost adjoining the house. 1850 D. J. Browne Amer. Poultry Yard 83 The dormitory, or roost, should be well ventilated. 1932 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 5 Dec. 265 During an epidemic.., those feeders who were careful to keep their fowl-yards clean, and who put clean straw in their roosts and stables, preserved their stock from the attack. 1991 D. McBain Art Roebuck 7 The hens sit in their roosts, none of them pecking in the wooden graintrough or squabbling over the waterbucket. b. A perch on which domestic fowls sleep at night. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > wild or domestic birds > [noun] > domestic > perch for or roost roosta1398 the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > perching > perching or resting place roosta1398 perk1400 percha1470 roosting1577 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping birds > poultry-keeping > [noun] > enclosure for poultry > poultry-house > perch roosta1398 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 148 The cok..settiþ next to him on rooste þe henne þat is most fatte and tendre. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 264/1 Roost for capons or hennes, jevssover. 1565 T. Harding Confut. Apol. Church of Eng. i. f. 17v Gete ye now vp into your pulpettes, like bragging cockes on the rowst, flappe your winges, and crow out alowde. 1604 M. Drayton Moyses ii. 53 The Cocke the Country horologe that rings, The cheerefull warning to the Sunnes awake, Missing the dawning scantles in his wings, And to his Roost doth sadly him betake. 1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Cock & Fox in Fables 225 Sooner than the Mattin-Bell was rung, He clap'd his Wings upon his Roost, and sung. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 138. ⁋12 When she is to see the hogs fed, or to count her poultry on the roost. 1824 London Mag. Jan. 71/1 Hens sat quiet on their roosts. 1884 L. F. Allen New Amer. Farm Bk. 491 Swabbed along the roosts and laying boxes..it has proved destructive to these vermin. 1921 Pop. Sci. Monthly Mar. 87/1 The operation [of the automatic door-opener] depends upon the movement of the roost when the fowls jump down from it in the morning. 2000 B. Angier One Acre & Security vii. 177 Roosts..should be two to three feet above the floor and about a foot apart. c. A place, typically above ground, where a bird, bat, or flying insect settles to rest or sleep, singly or in groups; a place where bats breed. Also: the flock of birds or bats congregating at such a place.cliff-, pigeon-, rook-roost: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping birds > poultry-keeping > [noun] > number of fowls in roost roost1827 the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > member of (fowl) > collective pullen1329 poultrya1387 pullailec1400 pullayly1440 volaille1444 pullery1488 roost1827 1593 M. Drayton Idea iii. sig. C4 Sith Robin to his roost is gone. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. Inscriptio sig. A7v Euerie Birde and Beast, with humble vowes, Seekes roost or rest vnder your mightie Bowers. 1656 J. Evelyn tr. Lucretius in Ess. First Bk. T. Lucretius i. 15 Through Seas, and Hills, where Rivers flow With rapid course; or where the Birds do build Their leafie roosts. 1771 M. Catesby Nat. Hist. Carolina I. 23/1 With long poles they knock them [sc. passenger pigeons] down from their roosts in the night in great numbers. 1827 P. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 303 I killed a roost of small birds. 1886 Amer. Naturalist 20 698 My residence is situated exactly in the track of the principal flight of crows which fly, evening and morning, to and from their roost, five miles distant. 1952 Jrnl. Mammalogy 33 312 The young bats are left in the roost at night while the adults go out to feed. 1966 D. Lack Population Stud. Birds ix. 156 At night they assemble in immense roosts, often in thorns. 2006 Sci. Amer (U.K. ed.) Oct. 76/2 When the sky darkens, butterflies seek shelter in their roosts: protected locations such as tall grasses or leafy plants. d. figurative. A resting place; spec. a place to sleep in, a bed.In quot. 1944 a place for the storage of flying bombs. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > accommodation or lodging > [noun] > lodging-place > temporary harbourc1300 sojourna1375 restinga1382 resting placea1382 sojourninga1400 diversoryc1410 deversaryc1485 inn1529 roost1607 peregrination1610 roosting place1643 harbourage1651 séjour1769 pied-à-terre1823 hoochie1952 1607 T. Dekker & G. Wilkins Iests to make you Merie 59 The waking Cock [sc. Cock Watt, the walking spirit of Newgate] had softly clymbd vp to such another Roost, as he sat vpon the night before, for the Inne was all one, but the Guests were not alike. ?1609 J. Healey tr. Bp. J. Hall Discouery New World iii. vi. 175 Here your poore Traueller is (now and then) full faine, to take vp an hourely roost, bee his pennie neuer so good siluer. a1632 T. Dekker Wonder of Kingdome (1636) iii.i. sig. E3v The clocke for your businesse thus far goes true, but now for me, what shall I do with the old cock [sc. an old man] in my Roost? 1704 T. D'Urfey Tales 197 What a Fool am I? That so besotted with my Fear, Know hardly what I am, nor where, But missing th'Roost where Hubby rests, Am going to Bed to both my guests. 1818 London Guide p. xii Roost, bed. 1818 London Guide 225 Coming from roost one morning,..I met old acquaintance, B——e, in Barbican. 1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table in Atlantic Monthly Apr. 742/1 The world has a million roosts for a man, but only one nest. 1864 J. R. Lowell Fireside Trav. 110 The only roost was in the garret, which..contained eleven double beds, ranged along the walls. 1891 C. Roberts Adrift in Amer. 23 I selected what appeared to me to be about the best spot for a roost, and..made a fairly comfortable bed. 1930 R. Campbell Adamastor 72 I..Who now am but a roost for empty words. 1944 Sun (Baltimore) 20 June 1/3 United States heavy bombers struck twice today at the robot roost around Pas de Calais. 1946 M. Mezzrow & B. Wolfe Really Blues xii. 219 I know I'm gonna call some hogs soon as I hit my roost. 1973 H. Robertson Grass Roots xi. 351 The big stone post office on Main Street is closed; its broad window ledges serve as a roost for bearded hippies basking like lizards in the sun. 2000 A. W. Pierce Rain Line (2002) ii. 15 Back to my apartment in Inman Square, my roost above the pizza parlour, where I'd lived for five years. Phrases P1. Without article. a. to go (also come) to roost. (a) Of a bird: to go to the roosting place, to begin to roost. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [verb (intransitive)] > perch sitOE jouka1400 perch?a1425 to go (also come) to roosta1529 roost1530 perka1598 a1529 J. Skelton Tunnyng of Elynour Rummyng in Certayne Bks. (?1545) 191 The hennes ron in the mashfat; For they go to roust Streyght ouer the ale ioust. 1630 M. Drayton Noahs Floud in Muses Elizium 99 When the crowned Cock..Comes to rooste by him. 1648 H. Hexham Groot woorden-boeck Roesten, to Jugge, or goe to Roest, as Hens, Patridges, &c. 1764 S. Foote Patron ii. 41 Total darkness, indeed! and birds goin to roost! Those philomaths, those almanack-makers, are the most ignorant rascals. 1797–1808 S. Vince Elem. Astron. xxi. 228 The birds went to roost. 1832 W. Macgillivray Trav. & Researches A. von Humboldt viii. 109 These birds go to roost long before night. 1867 ‘Ouida’ Cecil Castlemaine's Gage 23 The swallows were gone to roost amidst the ivy. 1931 Pop. Mech. Feb. 343/2 A new..remedy for poultry lice is to paint the perch poles with nicotine sulphate just before the birds go to roost. 1990 ‘B. Vine’ Gallowglass xxi. 252 All the birds had gone to roost for the night. (b) figurative. [Compare Dutch te roest gaan to retire, go to bed (17th cent. with reference to people, now rare and only with reference to birds, except in regional use (Zeeland)).] Of a person: to retire to rest. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > bed related to sleep or rest > go to bed or retire to rest [verb (intransitive)] to go to (one's) resteOE to take (one's) restc1175 to go to bedc1275 to lie downc1275 reposec1485 down-lie1505 bed1635 to turn in1695 retire1696 lay1768 to go to roost1829 to turn or peak the flukes1851 kip1889 doss1896 to hit the hay1912 to hit the deck1918 to go down1922 to bunk down1940 to hit the sack1943 to sack out1946 to sack down1956 1829 W. Scott Jrnl. 5 July (1946) 91 So to roost upon a crust of bread & a glass of small beer, my usual supper. 1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond I. xiii. 293 'Tis time for me to go to roost. I will have my gruel a-bed. 1879 R. L. Stevenson Trav. with Donkey (1886) 212 Half an hour later, and I must have gone supperless to roost. 1912 C. E. Mulford & J. W. Clay Buck Peters, Ranchman viii. 125 ‘Good-night. I'm goin' to roost.’ ‘Night, Dave.’ 1952 T. Lea Wonderful Country iv. 322 Mart and me have been on the road since daylight... If you don't mind, I'm going to roost. (c) In extended use. ΚΠ 1927 E. C. L. Adams Congaree Sketches xi. 24 Ole Sister had de angels..so 'sturbed up dey was feared to go to roost at night. 1956 S. H. Bell Erin's Orange Lily ix. 139 He's ‘trimmlin’ the chairs; that's to say, he's making quite sure that the spirit of the departed hasn't gone to roost while the corpse is on its way to the churchyard. 2003 A. Bruce tr. H. Berlioz Musical Madhouse 58 Where do you suppose lyricism has gone to roost? b. at roost: roosting, perched. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [phrase] > perched at juke1626 at roost1690 1690 J. Dryden Amphitryon ii. ii. 21 You Trencher-carrying Raskal, you worse than Dunghill-Cock; that stood clapping your Wings and crowing without Doors, when you shou'd have been at roost, you Villain. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables cccliii A Fox spy'd a Cock at Roost with his Hens about him. 1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. vii. ii. 385 The Breast, and its Bone, made like a Keel..to counterpoise the Body, and support and rest it upon at Roost. 1785 S. J. Pratt Misc. I. ii. 57 Oft would she..Sing to the birds at roost, the lambs at feed. 1864 R. Browning Mr. Sludge in Dramatis Personæ 175 While you cling by half a claw To the perch whereon you puff yourselves at roost. 1918 W. A. Stone Tale of Plain Man (ed. 2) xxx. 186 I drove down at night when the crows were all at roost. 1958 Times 7 July 2/7 The simplest way of dealing with them [sc. red mites], and with lice at the same time, is to spray the birds while at roost..with a fine sprayer containing pybuthrin. c. to take (up) roost: to perch; to go to roost; also figurative. ΚΠ 1791 H. Walpole Let. 25 Apr. (1905) XIV. 421 By your ordering me to send you news, it looks as if you were taking roost—I hope, not yet. I did perch on my opening lilacs on Saturday. 1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold II. vii. ii. 165 Where the falcon took roost. 1922 Forest & Stream Mar. 131/1 I knew that wild turkeys were taking roost in my vicinity. 1988 R. B. Shaw Wonder of seeing Double 4 Our smiles, deft as wrens, clearing the shutter flap, take roost within the little box of night. 1989 T. Bodett End of Road ii. xvii. 174 While she disappeared into the ladies room, Argus and Barney took up roost at her booth. d. to come home to roost: (of an action, etc.) to recoil unfavourably upon the originator.Probably frequently now understood as containing the infinitive of roost v.1 ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > make a return [verb (intransitive)] > come back on one (of one's own action) to be threshed with your own flail1490 hoist with his own petard1604 to come home to roost1810 1810 R. Southey Curse of Kehama (title page) Curses are like young chicken, they always come home to roost. 1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Alice III. ix. iii. 127 The Curse has come home to roost. 1887 J. R. Lowell Democracy & Other Addr. 173 All our mistakes sooner or later surely come home to roost. 1928 R. Church Mary Shelley vi. 69 Debt was..tarnishing the golden happiness of Shelley and Mary. Promissory notes, accepted for other people, came home to roost. 1963 Times 21 Oct. 11/3 It is never right to excuse the breaking of faith..by a government... This breach of covenant..will come home to roost. 1994 Maclean's 31 Oct. 43/3 They created this mythical, idealized family, and now it is all coming home to roost. P2. to rule the roost: to be in control, to be dominant; = to rule the roast at roast n. Phrases 2a. ΘΚΠ society > authority > [verb (intransitive)] to give (the) law (to)a1225 reignc1325 to rule the roastc1500 to bear (the) rooma1529 to have, bear, carry, strike the stroke1531 to bear (a or the) sway1549 to bear a (also the) rout1550 (to have) swing and sway1552 to rule the rout1570 master1656 carry1662 to lay down the law1762 to rule the roost1769 to carry (also hold) (big) guns1867 1769 A. Blair Let. in William & Mary Coll. Q. Hist. Mag. (1908) Jan. 175 They say she rules the Roost, it is a pity, I like her Husband vastly. 1828 A. Royall Black Bk. II. 315 These priests will rule the roost. 1893 Boston Jrnl. 20 Apr. 5/3 England rules the roost. Her ships at Hampton Roads admittedly the finest. 1938 A. Christie Appointment with Death v. 37 Her husband thought a lot of her and adopted her judgment on almost every point. He was an invalid for some years before he died, and she practically ruled the roost. 1955 ‘A. Gilbert’ Is she Dead Too? vi. 114 ‘Miss Bannerman was very jealous, and she didn't care for children or animals.’ ‘Then she could have found herself some other lodgings. You'd scarcely let her rule your roost.’ 1974 S. Ellin Stronghold (1975) 36 My grandfather..ruled the roost, and he was a firm ruler for all his mild manner. 2007 M. Richards Growing Wild on Exmoor 19 Grannie would rule the roost, keeping a watchful eye on us all. Compounds C1. General attributive, as roost hen, roost site, roost-time, etc. ΚΠ 1636 W. Davenant Witts iii. i. sig. F3 Keepe earlier howers than a roost Hen in Winter? 1652 E. Benlowes Theophila viii. lxxvi. 119 Ere roost-Lark springs, Morns Usher; when the Dawn its mungrell hour forth brings. 1885 R. Jefferies Open Air 216 The partridges may run through to join their friends before roost-time on the ground. 1971 D. P. Furman in R. E. Pfadt Fund. Appl. Entomol. (ed. 2) xx. 596 Procedures, in contrast to the so-called housing and roost treatments, are those designed for direct application to poultry. 1992 Bird Watching Jan. 24/2 Hen Harriers led the roost counters a merry dance by changing roost sites, but a ringtail and male were definitely in the area. C2. ΚΠ 1811 Lexicon Balatronicum Roost lay, stealing poultry. roost tree n. (a) a tree used by a bird, bat, or other animal for roosting; †(b) Scottish (northern) a wooden beam fixed in a chimney and used for hanging fish, meat, etc., to dry or cure (obsolete). ΚΠ 1780 G. White Let. 30 Nov. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 113 They happened to be suddenly roused from their roost-trees. 1882 W. Cramond Reminisc. Old Town of Cullen 45 The fisher people went to the shore to collect..bell war'..which was brought home and placed, some on the roof-tree, some on the reesh-tree, and some in the corners of the house. Thus they were in luck all the year. 1884 R. Jefferies Life of Fields (1908) 97 A loud..clamour of rooks and daws, who have restlessly moved in their roost-trees. 1995 S. Marty Leaning on Wind xvi. 267 The hills shelter..one addition—Merriam's turkeys—..which startle the wanderer with their astounded gibbering should you stray under a roost tree in the twilight. 2007 M. J. Lacki et al. Bats in Forests 64 Seminole bats..spent an average of 1.5 days in each roost tree. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). roostn.2 Scottish (chiefly Orkney and Shetland). A turbulent tidal race formed by the meeting of conflicting currents, esp. in the sea between Orkney and Shetland. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > region of sea or ocean > [noun] > turbulent area roost1654 bombora1933 1654 W. J. Blaeu Atlas Scotia 150 Exiguis scaphulis quas facile maris æstus ac fluctus, quem Roosts appellant, absorbet. a1688 J. Wallace Descr. Orkney (1693) 93 Roust, a very tempestuous tide. 1711 R. Sibbald Descr. Isles Shetland 3 in Descr. Isles Orknay & Zetland The Rousts and high tide-gates of the Sea about the Promontories and the Isles. 1774 G. Low Tour Orkney & Shetl. (1879) 14 Where the water breaks on Stroma, it goes off in vast whirls, and forms a roust by the dancing of the stream. 1821 W. Scott Pirate I. i. 4 The current of a strong and furious tide, which..is called the Roost of Sumburgh. 1841 Penny Cycl. XXI. 384/1 The majestic cliffs and towering headlands that frown over the dark and stormy seas and rousts. 1868 D. Gorrie Summers & Winters in Orkneys v. 161 The roosts are in their wildest state of agitation with ebb tides and westerly swells. 1886 R. L. Stevenson Kidnapped 121 It must have been the roost or tide race, which had carried me away so fast and tumbled me about so cruelly. 1920 Mariner's Mirror 6 348/1 Roost is the Orkney word for a race or tidal rip. 1995 Observer (Nexis) 29 Oct. 52 We saw..the reefs or Boars of Duncansby which, when winds come piling through the Pentland Firth and agitate its currents (its ‘roosts’, or races), trap shipping on a routine basis. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). roostn.3 Motorcycling (chiefly North American). A jet or spray of mud, sand, water, etc., thrown up by the rear wheel of a motorcycle. Cf. rooster tail n. ΚΠ 1983 MOTOcross Oct. 24/2 (caption) Do new knobs [sc. knobby tyres] throw roosts? Of course. 1985 Dirt Bike Mar. 8/2 A huge roost of fine, wet sand hung in the air for a moment or two. 1993 Motocross Action Apr. 232/3 They also deflect rocks from the roost of the bike in front of you. 2005 ATV Sport (Nexis) June 96 Doug Gust had a bad start, and with the narrow track, ate the roost of Lost Creek Cycle's Jason Dunkelberger for at least six laps. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). roostv.1 1. a. intransitive. Of birds, bats, or other animals: to settle on a perch or other place for sleep or rest; to settle for sleep, to go to rest. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [verb (intransitive)] > perch sitOE jouka1400 perch?a1425 to go (also come) to roosta1529 roost1530 perka1598 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 696/1 These capons ruste whan it draweth towardes nyght, they be wyser than men be. 1567 G. Turberville Epitaphes, Epigrams f. 36 No sooner stirres Auroras Starre,..But they that rousted were in rest..Do pack apace to labours left. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iv. f. 166 After the seuenth moneth, you may put them to roust in the house with the other Peacocks. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xv. 96 By hauing rousted vpon the trees in the open aire. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) i. 77 Verres..never saw the Sun either to rise or set, as Roosted after or before. a1682 Sir T. Browne Certain Misc. Tracts (1683) 29 Sitting, roosting, covering and resting in the boughs. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. i. 296 The most part of the birds..were such as are known to roost on shore. a1800 W. Cowper Yardley-Oak in W. Hayley Life & Posthumous Writings Cowper (1804) III. 411 Time hath made thee what thou art—a cave For owls to roost in! 1801 H. H. Brackenridge in Gaz. Publ. (1806) 248 For who..catches, A moor-land deity or Nymphy, That roosts in trees? 1879 J. Beerbohm Wanderings in Patagonia ii. 12 We startled a large covey of shag, which, to judge by the accumulation of guano, appeared to roost there habitually. 1919 Outing Mar. 306/2 In those great pines and oaks turkeys love to roost. 1999 Wildlife News (Berks., Bucks. & Oxon. Naturalists' Trust) Jan. 6/3 Pipistrelles are the last British bat to roost for the winter but..rarely roost in caves. b. intransitive. figurative and in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting temporarily > [verb (intransitive)] liec1000 harbourc1200 sojournc1290 layc1300 sojourc1330 to make, take (up) one's lodging1362 pilgrimagea1382 bield?a1400 lodgec1400 tarryc1400 to make (one's) residence1433 harbingec1475 harbry1513 stay1554 roost?1555 embower1591 quarter1591 leaguer1596 allodge1601 tenta1616 visit1626 billet1628 to lie abroad1650 tabernacle1653 sojourney1657 canton1697 stop1797 to shake down1858 to hole up1875 perendinate1886 shack1935 cotch1950 ?1555 M. Coverdale tr. Hope of Faythful Pref. f. iiiv It vnknowen al vices swarme & roost in vs. 1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie i. ii. sig. C3v Modestie, is rousted in the skies. 1607 S. Hieron Discovery of Hypocrisie 114 Men haue euen determined with themselues, that let the worde of the Kingdome roust where it will, sure with them it shall not harbour. 1660 Scutum Regale: Royal Buckler 108 So great ignorance cannot roust in their pates, who are so worldly wise. 1730 E. Young Two Epist. to Pope i. 4 Where speculation roosted near the sky. 1793 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 721 So, [I] sought a Poet, roosted near the skies. 1814 W. Scott Waverley III. xvii. 210 He..whipped down Dallas of St Martin's Styles from a shelf, where that venerable work roosted with Stair's Institutions. View more context for this quotation 1872 ‘M. Twain’ Roughing It xviii. 143 Ash-drifts roosting above moustaches. 1937 L. Ginsberg Everlasting Minute 4 The secrets of the world roost on your brow. 1964 E. L. Volpe Reader's Guide to William Faulkner ii. 141 He discovers evil roosting in every other sanctuary that man, the dreamer, has created. 2004 R. Rash One Foot in Eden (rev. ed.) 128 Shedding my mind of all the bad thoughts that kept trying to roost in my head. 2. intransitive. Of a person: to lodge oneself, have one's abode or quarters. Now esp.: to pass the night. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (intransitive)] > establish residence wickc897 telda1325 buildc1340 nestlea1382 to take (up) one's inn (or inns)a1400 to hold (also keep, make, take, etc.) one's mansiona1425 to take one's lodgec1475 reside1490 inhabit1548 to settle one's rest1562 to sit down1579 to set up (or in) one's staff (of rest)1584 to set (up) one's rest1590 nest1591 to set down one's rest1591 roost1593 inherit1600 habituate1603 seat1612 to take up (one's) residencea1626 settle1627 pitch1629 fix1638 locate1652 to marry and settle1718 domesticate1768 domiciliate1815 to hang up one's hat1826 domicile1831 to stick one's stakes1872 homestead1877 to put down roots1882 to hang one's hat1904 localize1930 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 29 Banisht he was, and longer in Ierusalem might hee not roust. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 366 A rablement of Danes rousted heere one whole yeare. 1679 Tryal & Condemnation Two Popish Priests 5 The other two, viz. Andrew Brommich, late of Perry Bar, and William Atkyns of Wolver-hampton in this County of Stafford (for the multitude of Papists roosting there commonly called Little Rome) did now come to their Tryals. 1716 B. Church Entertaining Passages Philip's War i. 47 It was hard to tell where to find Annawon, for he never roosted twice in a place. 1792 R. Heber Let. 22 June in Heber Lett. (1950) ii. 72 Llanroost where we roosted that night. 1813 R. Wilson Private Diary (1862) II. 486 I am most anxious to be on the wing, and again roosted. 1854 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes (1855) II. i. 6 Stopped to roost at Terracina. 1883 J. A. Symonds Shakspere's Predecessors (1900) v. 166 These vagrants wandered up and down the country, roosting in hedge-rows. 1927 J. Buchan Witch Wood iii. 55 So home you find me, Will, roosting in the cauld rickle of stones that was my forbears', while rumours of war blow like an east wind up the glens. 1989 Yankee Oct. 16/3 The..crew was roosting two miles off Rockland Harbor,..processing menhaden, known in this area as pogies, for the Russian industrial oil market. 2001 Organic Style Nov.–Dec. 26/1 Everyone is on a different schedule, coming and going separately, eating on the run and never together, as if home were only a place to roost for the night. 3. intransitive. To seat oneself, to be seated; to perch. colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of sitting > be sitting or seated [verb (intransitive)] > sit down sitOE to sit adownc1275 to sit downc1300 to make one's seata1400 to set adowna1400 to set downc1400 seat1596 pitch1796 roost1816 take a pew1898 1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. viii. 173 Down to the flat shelf on which the sufferers had roosted. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. vi. 67 About a dozen young imps were roosting, like so many crows, on the verandah railings. 1897 C. M. Flandrau Harvard Episodes 60 She is the woman who, when you call, roosts discreetly at the extreme end of a long sofa. 1920 Munsey's Mag. 70 268/1 In the hour I've roosted on this here rock more cars is passed than I'd 'a' believed there was in the whole United States, with Canada thrown in! 1995 M. Amis Information (1996) 471 It was the snooker room. Cue trees, scoring rails, and a curved bar in the corner with four steel-and-leather stools for you to roost on. 4. transitive. To provide with a place for rest or sleep; to accommodate, harbour. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > providing with dwelling > [verb (transitive)] > afford accommodation to (of place) lodgec1449 receive1552 booth1594 house1759 hive1812 roost1838 1838 T. Farr Traveller's Rambling Reminisc. Spanish War 99 Every evening, at sun-set, the boats of Her Britannic Majesty's navy carried them across the river, to put them out of danger, and roost them in safety for the night, in the fort of the Desierto. 1854 S. T. Dobell Balder iii. 11 They defy the storms of heaven, and roost The weary-winged Ages. 1873 W. Carleton Farm Ballads 43 You have often slept in pens; I've a mind to take you out there now, and roost you with the hens! 1911 Truth (Sydney) 10 Sept. 1/7 She loses sight of the fact that hubby has been tuckering, roosting, and clothing her for all these years. 1936 D. Barnes Nightwood v. 129 The darkness is the closet in which your lover roosts her heart. 2001 H. L. Claussen Unconventional Sisterhood ii. 36 She..greeted me with her feet happily propped up on the third shelf of a cabinet beside her desk (the public alternative, she said, to her private preference for roosting her toes on the desk itself ). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). roostv.2 Motorcycling (chiefly North American). intransitive. To throw up a jet or spray of mud, sand, water, etc., from the rear wheel of one's motorcycle, esp. so as to spray the rider behind. Also transitive: to spray (a following motorcyclist) in this way. Cf. rooster-tail v. ΚΠ 1978 Dirt Bike June 6/3 My mommy thinks bikes are bad... Can you tell her I'm big enough now, and to let me get my own bike so I can roost on my friends. 1980 Dirt Bike Oct. 16/2 Why just the other day I raced a guy on a YZ465. After I roosted all over him he begged me to let him ride a real motorcycle. 1988 Dirt Rider Sept. 41/1 Hawkins and..Halcomb were perpetually in search of jumps and places to roost each other. 2006 ATV Sport (Nexis) Oct. 52 And we'd be willing to bet, for only $2,000, the average rider would be just as pleased to roost their buddies with the forest floor as they would sand. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
随便看 |
英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。