| 释义 |
rumourrumorn. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French rumor; Latin rūmor. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman rumor, rumur, romour, Anglo-Norman and Middle French rumour (Middle French, French rumeur ) noise, din (c1100 in Old French as rimur , originally with reference to the noise produced by a marching army), general talk or hearsay not based on definite knowledge (1264), uprising, tumult (late 14th cent. or earlier), clamour, outcry (1407), unverified or unconfirmed statement or report circulating in a community (early 15th cent. or earlier) and its etymon classical Latin rūmor noise, clamour, gossip, report, person or thing talked about by everyone, unfavourable report, ill repute, favourable report, esteem < the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit ruvati roars, ancient Greek ὠρύεσθαι to howl, roar, Old Church Slavonic ruti to roar (only attested in the masculine active present participle rovy ) + classical Latin -or -or suffix. Compare Old Occitan rimor (c1180), rumor (13th–14th cent.; Occitan rumor), Catalan remor, †rumor noise, din (both 14th cent.), Spanish rumor (14th cent.; also †remor, (rare) †rimor), Portuguese rumor (14th cent.), Italian rumore (c1250; early 13th cent. as †romore; also †rimore), Middle Dutch rumoer (Dutch rumoer), Middle Low German rumōr, Middle High German rumōr (German Rumor), and (via Middle Low German and German) Swedish rumor (1529), Danish rumor.The γ. forms reflect Anglo-Norman rimor, Old French rimur, Old French, Middle French (rare) rimour (c1100 in Old French), which (like forms with medial -i- in other Romance languages) probably reflects an unattested post-classical Latin variant *rimor of classical Latin rūmor. 1. the mind > language > speech > conversation > [noun] > chatting or chat > gossiping > rumour c1384 (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 2 Macc. v. 5 When fals rumour [L. rumor], or tithing, wente out..Jason sodeynly assailide the citee. ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iii. pr. vi. l. 2136 Þe conscience of wise folk..mesuren hire good, not by þe rumour of þe poeple, but by þe soþefastnesse of conscience. c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) ii. 1840 (MED) Damages..forȝete..By fals report of rumour fresche and grene Renewed ben. ?a1475 G. Banester Guiscardo & Ghismonda (BL Add.) l. 544 in H. G. Wright (1937) 32 (MED) Thys erroure..was secrete and now ys rumoure. ?1518 A. Barclay tr. D. Mancinus sig. Fiv The iugement of many is greuous to dispyse And oft common rumour is trouth. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch 94 Thus brought he common rumor to taber on his head. 1600 W. Shakespeare Induct. 15 Rumour is a pipe, Blowne by surmizes, Iealousies coniectures. View more context for this quotation a1626 W. Rowley (1662) sig. A3v The Court 's all fill'd with rumor, the City with news, and the Country with wonder. 1698 J. Fryer 345 Their Coffee-houses..where not only Fame and common Rumour is promulged, but Poetry too. 1753 T. Gray Long Story in 19 So Rumor says. (Who will, believe.) 1781 W. Cowper 357 His stamm'ring tongue With doleful rumour and sad presage hung. 1819 P. B. Shelley i. iii. 13 You seem..Too sprightly and companionable a man, To act the deeds that rumour pins on you. 1869 E. A. Freeman III. xii. 160 The mysterious power of rumour which seems to travel faster than any post. 1933 C. Mackenzie viii. 81 About that time the double collar..came into fashion. Rumour ascribed its invention to Oscar Wilde. 1981 N. Gordimer 7 The censorship of newspapers, radio and television left rumour and word-of-mouth as the only sources of information. 2006 Dec.–Jan. 12/1 The content of this column is pure rumour, Chinese whispering and street talk. 1531 Bp. W. Barlow sig. I3 v Then was it a wonder to se what murmuracyon, grudge, and rumour of sedycyon was amonge the people. 1597 G. Markham tr. G. Pétau de Maulette clxxxii. f. 32 All will be displeas'd, Cheefly those blessed ones.., And also those vpon whose eares haue ceas'd, Rumour of his renowne. 1622 G. Wither sig. B2 v Where neuer came Report of Pan,..Nor rumour of the Muses till of late. 1691 N. Tate iv. i. 38 Had not the veering Winds agen obstructed My passage back, 'till rumour of my Death Disperst the Forces rais'd by Salisbury;..There were some scope for Resolution left. 1785 W. Cowper ii. 3 Oh for a lodge in some vast wilderness,..Where rumour of oppression and deceit..Might never reach me more. 1847 Ld. Tennyson v. 99 Inward raced the scouts With rumour of Prince Arac hard at hand. 1868 Apr. 193/2 I hear rumour of supplies of oxygen..of which I would fain learn more. 1941 H. R. Knickerbocker ii. 112 There was rumor of Hitler's having submitted an ultimatum or terms to Stalin. 1999 J. Elliot (2000) xii. 438 There was, while I was in Kabul, rumour of some locally distilled moonshine. the mind > language > speech > conversation > [noun] > chatting or chat > gossiping > rumour > personified 1600 W. Shakespeare Induct. 2 Open your eares; for which of you wi'l stop The vent of hearing, when lowd Rumor speaks? View more context for this quotation 1630 T. Dekker iv. i. 378 'Gainst me swolne Rumor hoisted euery saile. 1667 J. Milton ii. 965 Rumor next and Chance, And Tumult and Confusion all imbroild. View more context for this quotation 1736 Oct. 613/1 If the gossip, Rumour, truth declares. 1793 H. Boyd 630 Soon more than Rumour told the wond'rous tale. 1837 T. Carlyle I. ii. i. 40 It is thus everywhere that foolish Rumour babbles not of what was done, but of what was misdone or undone. 1865 H. R. Addison xxiii. 296 Rumour, with her usually scandalous tongue, whispered that she had been foully murdered. 1908 A. Brereton I. xv. 243 In the meantime, Dame Rumour had been busy. 1966 E. F. Watling tr. Seneca 280 It is not hard to silence rumour's tongue. 2003 (Nexis) 6 Feb. a13 A deeper problem has already cost the Bloc three MPs to provincial politics, with Lady Rumour sending more that way. †2. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > [noun] a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 37 (MED) Þere God for hym wrouȝte meny myracles and grete..By þat rumour [L. rumore] sche þat slouȝ hym was i-meoved. a1450 (1885) 220 (MED) Þer is a ranke swayne Who rule is noȝt right, For thurgh his romour in þis reme Hath raysede mekill reke. 1526 Luke vii. f. lxxxv Thys rumor off hym went forthe throughout all Iewry. c1580 ( tr. (1927) III. ii. 5277 Ȝe that of valour, Of worship and of honour, Hes of all men rumor and cry. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) ii. iii. 7 Great is the rumour of this dreadfull Knight, And his atchieuements of no lesse account. View more context for this quotation 1632 H. Hawkins tr. J. Puget de la Serre 90 Renowne may well publish thy prayses in all places of the Earth, if al the Heauens together are not large inough to conteyne the rumour of them. 1712 T. Ellwood i. ii. 12 The Rumor of him reach'd the Royal Tent. And from the King a Messenger was sent, To bring him to him. 1853 M. Arnold Sohrab & Rustum in (new ed.) 8 Dim is the rumour of a common fight, Where host meets host, and many names are sunk: But of a single combat Fame speaks clear. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > [noun] 1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 22 in Fame..Nor in the glistering foil Set off to th' world, nor in broad rumour lies. 1639 R. Davenport iii. i. sig. D4v Men of your ranke and place, Whose lusts..have drawne Good women of best rumour and report, Into foule scandall. 3. society > communication > information > rumour > [noun] ?a1425 (c1400) (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 34 (MED) All the comoun rymour & speche is..þat þei ben the Garneres of Joseph. c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Order of Fools (Laud) in (1934) ii. 452 (MED) He is a ffooll that also yeveth credence To newe rumours and euery foltyssh ffable. 1533 T. More i. ii. f. xx So a rumour onys begonne and spredde abrode, ys not after soone remoued. 1576 A. Fleming tr. Cicero in 18 Why you ought not to haue beleeued such rumors, I wil say something. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) v. i. 3 Does the Rumor hold for true, That hee's so full of Gold? View more context for this quotation 1654 J. Bramhall ix. 266 This not by uncertain rumours, but by the Acts and instruments themselves. 1705 H. Prideaux (1875) 197 A rumour hath been here for some time that you have of late been under some trouble. 1759 W. Robertson I. iv. 303 The authors of these rumours did not confine their attention to Bothwell alone. 1832 E. Bulwer-Lytton I. i. ix. 150 False rumours often beget truths. 1883 J. A. Froude 4th Ser. i. xi. 129 Rumours flew abroad that miracles had already begun. 1914 T. S. Eliot 23 Aug. (1988) I. 53 There was a rumor..that one could get money by having one's letter of credit viséd by a consul. 1942 M. Hargrove lxx. 203 New York..will be bombed within the month, the rumors said. 2004 M. Oke 161 A mere nine days in, we heard a rumour that our job was to stop. 1525 W. Warham Let. 5 Apr. in H. Ellis (1846) 3rd Ser. I. 374 The first rumor and brute of this matier. 1557 Matt. xxiv. 6 Ye shal heare of warres, & of the rumors of warres. 1617 F. Moryson i. 181 The Citie..upon the least rumour of building them, armeth their Gallies to burne the same. 1665 W. Temple Let. to Ld. Arlington in (1720) II. 6 Twenty Rumours more we have of his Successes, but I will not yet credit them. 1769 E. Burke (1844) I. 217 Many rumours of war here; but I know not well how they are founded. 1840 C. Thirlwall VII. lvi. 153 It is probable that the rumour of his approach reached Athens at least some days before him. 1853 C. Brontë III. xl. 265 Rumours of wars, there had been, if not wars themselves. 1907 R. C. Praed v. 98 The swagman had brought an indefinite rumour of their having been seen. 1967 T. W. Blackburn iv. 37 This rumor of an Indian messiah was the kind of witch's fabric from which great stories were cut. 2007 25 May 8/5 She wore a loose salwar kameez..which gave way to rumours of the actress being pregnant. the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > [noun] > expression of disapproval > loud or public c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) iii. 3267 (MED) Her harmys grete, in murmur & in rage, Þe losse, þe costis..Þis was þe noyse & rumur eke þat ran Þoruȝ-oute þe hoste. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius (Douce) f. 81v Ȝif þou chaunge in þat tyme eny companye from oo place to anoþer, þan riseþ rumour and noyse and grucchinge amonge þi puple. a1513 R. Fabyan (1516) I. cxiiii. f. liv Amonge ye Knyghtys of Sygebert was spronge a great rumoure saying that they were not contente. 1569 R. Grafton II. 430 I may not staye him for the rumour of the people. 1687 R. Midgley tr. A. M. Graziani v. 364 They foresaw, that such surprising News would cause a very great Rumour and Commotion in the Town. 1792 M. Wollstonecraft viii. 306 The good man must..amidst the whining candour or hissings of envy, erect a pavilion in his own mind to retire to till the rumour be overpast. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > [noun] > a person's the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > [noun] > outcry or clamour the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > confused sound > [noun] > uproar or tumult c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) iv. 4433 (MED) Þus þe strif amonge þe Grekis gan With grete rumour and altercacioun. c1450 (1904) I. 65 With a grete rumor & a cry he come vnto the pope & bad hym giff hym his xij d. agayn. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart II. xxvii. 32 He wolde make suche a noyse and rumoure, as though all the deuylles of helle had ben in his chambre. 1581 T. Styward ii. 134 It is sometimes requisite that thy battailes goe forwardes with rumours and showtings. 1622 M. Drayton xix. 3 From whose vast Beechy bankes a rumor straight resounds. 1651 W. D'Avenant iii. i. 174 If we make noise whilst our deep workings last, Such rumour through thick Towns unheeded flies, As winds through woods. 1747 May 208/2 A very particular quality is observable in this creature, of listening to any noise or rumour in the street. 1786 S. Henley tr. W. Beckford 83 The rumour every instant increased. 1851 H. W. Longfellow Nativity 145 Here a great rumour of trumpets and horses. 1889 W. B. Yeats 3 Feb. (1954) i. 110 They always long for rest and to get away from the noise and rumour of the world. 1927 F. B. Young 624 Her ears became aware of an unusual sound. At first she thought it was only the wind-swept rumour of one of the great munition trains. 1997 M. River in S. Champion 100 The rumour of music grew heavier with every step down, swelling up from a whisper to a hammering roar. the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > commotion, disturbance, or disorder > [noun] c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) iv. 5516 (MED) Þer was herde..A gret tumulte..Vlixes and eke Diomede..fillen in a drede..Þat som rumour was fallen..Amonge þe peple..Of hasty rancour. 1462 M. Paston in (2004) I. 279 Swyche talkyng comyth of false schrewys þat wold mak a rwmor in þis contre. 1483 in (1975) 184 Ther ys grett romber in the Reme. 1541 R. Barnes (1573) 219/2 Wee must geue ouer this matter for the uniuersitie is in a rumour. 1581 W. Lambarde i. xix. 174 Assemblies against the law..are therefore also sometimes called Rumors. 1639 S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus 130 The bawling woman began to raise a rumour about her gate by the complaints which she made unto her neighbours. 1758 tr. F. A. de Marigny I. 189 The terms to which Herbis had consented raised a violent rumour in the city. 1839 3 277 Violent rumour for several minutes, and profound silence on my part until order was in some degree restored. Phrases1709 D. Manley 28 Rumor has it, that she foretold the Count's rising to this heighth. 1784 Feb. 124/1 In about the year 1770, came out a quarto volume..published, as rumour has it, by Mr. Rayner. 1841 J. H. Ingrahame xiv. 184 ‘Hath he a daughter who is fair and virtuous, said you?’ ‘Gentle and lovely above her sex, rumour has it.’ 1912 J. N. McIlwraith xviii. 276 Rumour had it they were engaged. 1952 17 Apr. 36 Rumors have it that Carlynn..now has a new romantic interest in a fair-haired Swede. 2003 May 129/1 Rumour has it that the Ferrari was driven by a famous (but, for legal reasons, unnameable) Formula 1 star. Compounds C1. General attributive and objective (in sense 3a). 1736 R. Ainsworth A rumour-bearer. 1848 Oct. 321 It was a gloomy tale of utter desolation, at which these whispering rumor-bearers hinted. 1916 E. V. Lucas 171 This was not a mere idle rumour bearer..but one with friends of behind the scenes knowledge. 2007 (Nexis) 12 Mar. 6 a I hope these rumor-bearers realize the detrimental effects..of the removal of an experienced and conservative judge. 1892 25 July 3/1 There is a large and active rumor-factory in Pittsburg, and all manner of wonderful stories may be expected in connection with the shooting. 1977 1 Apr. 18/3 The peculiar recent gyrations in the shares..may owe as much to the ambitious designs of certain mysterious figures..as to the myriad stories poured out by the well-primed City rumour factory. 2007 B. O'Shea 187 There was also the matter of ‘hidden agendas’, and the rumour factory began to churn out endless stories. 1888 30 Jan. 3/1 Chicago speculators kept the rumor mill busy grinding out stories of impending disaster. 1979 8 Jan. 28/1 Communications in Iran are unreliable, with the result that the country has become a vast rumor mill. 2009 3 Mar. 16/2 Mr Obama faced an online rumour mill that he was a Muslim, although he has worshipped at a Christian church for 20 years. 1844 C. G. F. Gore I. xi. 273 The match-makers and rumour-mongers of London were beginning to feel surprised that Lady Mary De Bruce was still unmarried. 1953 J. Masters vi. 76 He must come quickly for her sake—and for his own, to confront the rumourmongers and force them to eat their vile words. 2009 B. Kümin 218 All of these rumour-mongers declared that Edward was still alive. 1886 Oct. 138 The inventiveness of the speculative broker is something marvelous... Rumor-mongering seems to be a part of his trade. 1953 in P. C. Berg 138/2 A sincere and humble apology printed by the paper in response to charges of rumour-mongering. 2004 Apr. 11/4 There's been no shortage of rumour-mongering about what we can expect to find under the bonnet of Microsoft, Sony and Nintendo's next-generation consoles. ?1569 T. Norton sig. Hi Such is the corne pouder of treason wherewith these popish rumor spreaders hartes be double charged, that it must nedes breake forth. 1647 H. Hexham A rumour spreader. 1851 G. Macdonald 113 The rumour-spreader may urge in his (or her) defence, that, if the gossip be untrue, he did not make it. 1991 L. Shorten v. 123 The rumour-spreader says she herself cannot believe this. C2. Instrumental. 1901 H. L. Mencken in July 485 It was during the rumor-ridden days before the first gun was fired in Cuba. 1933 D. Thomas Let. 11 Nov. in (1966) 63 Every country in this rumour-ridden world..is branded like Cain across the forehead. 2003 (Nexis) 27 Jan. 18 The suggestion currently circulating the excitable, rumour-ridden art world is that as many as 70 of these paintings are for sale. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). rumourrumorv. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rumour n. Etymology: < rumour n. Compare Middle French rumorer to make a noise (a1471 in an isolated example). the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > disapprove [verb (intransitive)] > express loud or public disapproval > resound with a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. (Rawl.) (1898) 136 (MED) Than regnyde avoutry and lechurie in hym and his howse-maynage, that al the roialme thanne rumourt and lothit for that rousty Synne. 2. the mind > language > speech > conversation > converse with [verb (transitive)] > spread (a rumour) or tell (as a gossip) 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Acts xx. f. lxxv Euery man shall knowe for a suertie, those thinges to be false, that be rumoured abrode of the. 1572 R. Harrison tr. L. Lavater i. vii. 30 The matter was out of hand rumored aboute the citie. 1600 W. Shakespeare Induct. 33 This haue I rumour'd through the peasant townes. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) i. ii. 11 It is rumour'd..These three leade on this Preparation Whether 'tis bent. View more context for this quotation 1649 F. Roberts (ed. 2) 556 By the chiefe Author thereof, the Lord, rumouring it. 1671 J. Milton 1600 All abroad was rumour'd that this day Samson should be brought forth. View more context for this quotation 1720 J. Quincy tr. N. Hodges i. 3 It was rumoured amongst the common People..that the Plague was in the City. 1735 Visct. Bolingbroke (1777) iv. 96 Those wretched Christians who returned from those wars..rumoured these stories about the West. 1799 E. Gunning IV. lii. 176 It was rumoured where I supped last night, that the regiment..had been spoken with at sea by the Lapwing packet. 1811 H. Grattan Let. June in (1846) V. xii. 442 To-day they rumour that he is not so well, but that he will soon recover, and resume. 1863 H. W. Longfellow Prelude x, in 11 It was rumored he could say The Parables of Sandabar. 1886 T. Hardy II. xvii. 235 The dangerous illness of Mrs. Farfrae was soon rumoured through the town. 1926 T. E. Lawrence (subscribers' ed.) lxxx. 418 So soon as the news of our establishment was rumoured in Damascus. 1966 H. Davies (1967) 193 The Athenaeum, it's slanderously rumoured, elects members as old as possible, in order to get the biggest turnover of entrance fees. 2009 K. Homewood et al. vii. 293 Local people rumoured that Graphtan served as a front for a Tanzanite smuggling operation. 1570 J. Foxe (rev. ed.) I. v. 619/1 Many yeares after he was rumored to be alyue..for the which, diuers were executed. 1602 J. Marston iv. i. sig. G2v See you streight rumour me dead. 1640 R. Brathwait xxvi. 227 I must in hope to get thee an Husband, be thought, nay be rumour'd, that I beg one. 1707 N. Tate i. iii. 14 Count Lod'wick, who was rumour'd for a Pyrate, Is now in Padua. 1764 (ed. 2) 32 Whenever a galling or abusive pamphlet came out..they were rumoured to be the writers or editors of it. 1833 H. Coleridge 43 He [sc. Blood] was rumoured..to be a creature of Buckingham. 1849 M. Arnold 109 Art thou not he, whom fame This long time rumours The favour'd guest of Circe? 1912 28 Nov. 2/2 Russia..is rumored to be massing troops on the line facing Pomerania. 1969 3 July 31/3 Mr Donald Healey..is rumoured to be building..a 140 m.p.h. steam car. 2006 June 16/1 He is rumoured to have lost £13 million on a three-week losing streak. 1815 17 They naturally produced rancour and distrust, which were industriously magnified by their enemies, and rumoured into insurrections and conspiracies. 1885 E. Sartorius xiv. 257 A country where the slightest suspicion is quickly rumoured into positive fact. 1925 F. S. Fitzgerald i. 25 I had no intention of being rumored into marriage. 2008 C. Schutt 200 [It] had to do with his home, and a hometown girl, and their being rumored into romance. the mind > language > speech > conversation > converse [verb (intransitive)] > gossip 1832 C. MacFarlane I. 102 ‘It is even as they rumour’, said the Cardinal Anastasius. 1862 T. Carlyle III. xi. ix. 146 Diplomatic shadows fencing, Gazetteer shadows rumouring. 1915 J. C. Powys viii. 144 Against all these siren-voices rumouring and whispering so treacherously around us. 1999 T. Etchells 126 The rumour papers rumoured and the scandal papers scandalled. 4. the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > faintness or weakness > make quieter [verb (transitive)] > make murmuring sound 1887 H. Caine III. xxxix. 165 Hearing voices of men or the sound of laughter rumoured over the quiet waters. the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > faintness or weakness > sound faintly or quietly [verb (intransitive)] > make murmuring sounds 1894 W. Watson 10 And oftener feel that nameless air Come rumouring from we know not where. 1900 Oct. 474/2 The lullaby aid of the sea that rumoured light and soothingly round the rock of Doom. 2008 A. Livingstone tr. B. Pasternak ii. 120 Everywhere, streams were prattling and rumouring. Derivatives the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [noun] > loud sound or noise society > communication > information > rumour > [adjective] > tale-bearing c1563 Jack Juggler in W. C. Hazlitt (1874) II. 128 Yea, dost thou make a rumouring yet again? 1612 3 Since my body shall haue power to blunt the edge of affliction, my vntimely fall may haue force to abate the keene sharpnes of their rumouring tongues. 1699 J. Stevens tr. J. de Mariana iv. vii. 63 Upon the rumouring of this his intention, more People than ordinary were gathered in the Church, with such a resolution to suffer death for their Religion. 1824 J. Symmons tr. Æschylus 4 Swifter than noisy fame of rumouring tongues. 1858 T. Carlyle I. iv. vi. 444 Such a marching and rumouring going on all round him. 1895 W. Watson 4 Mourned not the rumouring winds? 1957 T. Hughes 54 You hear..through all The leafy valley a rumouring of air go. 2001 A. Stillmark tr. G. Trakl 107 A rumouring tree rustles above his night-shaded head. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.c1384 v.a1500 |
