rowern.¹

Brit.

/ˈrəʊə/, U.S.

/ˈroʊər/

Forms: see row v.¹ and -er suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: row v.¹, -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < row v.¹ + -er suffix¹. Compare Middle Dutch rōyer , roeyer (Dutch roeier ), Middle Low German rōjer , Middle High German rüeger (compare German Rojer ). In sense 2 after classical Latin rēmex rower (see remex n.); compare earlier remex n. 2.Compare Old English rōwend person who rows ( < row v.¹ + -end suffix¹).

a. A person who rows; an oarsman or oarswoman.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > types of sailor > [noun] > rower or oarsman

rowera1382

oarman1589

oar1648

remex1674

oarsman1701

puller1824

oarer1924

sweep-swinger1949

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xxxiii. 21 Ther entride not bi it the ship of roweres [L. remigum], ne the grete ship of thre mastes shal not ouergon it.

?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iv. met. iii. l. 3495 Þe rowers and þe maryners hadden by þis..dronken þe wickede drynkes.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 437 Roware, yn a water, remex.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid x. iv. 118 Furth held..Aulestes..with gret strenth of rowaris in that pres.

1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Remex To ease or healpe the rowers with settinge vp a sayle.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxvii. x. 950 Polyxenidas..would neither have rowers nor other mariners in any number about his fleete.

1686 Bp. G. Burnet Some Lett. conc. Switzerland ii. 104 Which runs with such a force that we went thirty miles in three hours, having but one Rower.

1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. viii. 140 Other accommodations..for the slaves, sailors, and rowers.

1775 S. Johnson Journey W. Islands 338 Sir Allan victualled it for the day, and provided able rowers.

1832 G. Downes Lett. from Continental Countries I. 113 We..embarked in a covered boat, after a battle with the rowers.

1877 A. B. Edwards Thousand Miles up Nile xvii. 470 A crew of steady rowers can do thirty miles a day.

1913 Railway World Mar. 189/2 Our rower actually rowed thirty miles, the difference between where he would have been if he hadn't rowed and where he actually was.

1988 S. Stevens Night Train to Turkistan iii. 24 She's a great rower. A national champion in college.

1996 Courier Mail (Brisbane) 23 July 2/2 More than 150 Olympic rowers staged a sitdown protest in the athletes' village.

b. = rowing machine n. (b) at rowing n.¹ Compounds 3b.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > gymnastics > exercise > [noun] > equipment > others

trochus1706

troque1743

chamber horse1747

dumb-bell1785

stock1831

rowing machine1848

chest-expander1850

weights1862

stationary bicycle1883

punching bag1888

medicine ball1895

punching ball1895

stationary bike1899

kettlebell1908

rower1933

Exercycle1936

exercise bicycle1937

exercise bike1946

exercise cycle1952

roller1970

life cycle1973

multi-gym1976

gut-buster1983

roller1992

1933 Waterloo (Iowa) Daily Courier 11 Jan. 3/2 (advt.) Come in..Demonstrate the Rower to your heart's content..in private booth in Corset Department.

1961 Chicago Sunday Tribune 4 June 26/7 (advt.) Row your way to slimness and health with our new Gym Dandee home rower that helps firm saggy areas.

1982 Observer 19 Dec. 26/1 Traditional rowing machines and no-frills exercise bikes are still very popular, and with all ages: one 87-year-old woman bought a bike in November, and ordered a rower for the spring.

2004 D. S. Brooks Compl. Bk. Personal Training ii. 19/1 Be certain that the rower moves smoothly, is adjustable, and has a seat that locks.

2. Ornithology. = remex n. 2. Usually in plural. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > wing or wings > feather(s) on > primary feather(s)

flags1486

pinion feather1486

pinion1545

pen-feather1602

quill feather1678

remexa1705

flight1735

flight-feather1735

primary1776

rower1835

remicle1887

pen plume1899

1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals II. xvii. 153 These quill-feathers, being very principal instruments of the wing in flight, are also named the remiges or rowers of the vessel.

1884 E. Coues Key to N. Amer. Birds (ed. 2) 115 Rudders, or true tail-feathers, like the remiges or rowers, are usually stiff, well-pronounced feathers.

1897 M. O. Wright & E. Coues Citizen Bird iv. 28 Those small feathers are called coverts, because they cover over the roots of the rowers.

1911 R. M. Pierce Dict. Aviation 185 [Text in phonetic spelling] Remex, one of the large stɪff quɪll-fɛthers whɪch fʘrm most of the sprɛd of a bird's wɪng; a flight-fɛther; a rower.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† rowern.²

Forms: late Middle English rower, late Middle English rowyr.

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymons: French roer, roure.

Etymology: Apparently < Anglo-Norman roer, roour fallen tree, stump (c1358 or earlier) and Middle French roure species of oak tree (1401; French rouvre ) < classical Latin rōbur oak tree (see robur n.).Compare the following examples, which probably reflect earlier use of Middle English forms, but could also be interpreted as showing the Anglo-Norman word (especially in quot. 1404):1396 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 14 [Order to deliver..six trees called] roweres [for fuel].1404 in Wilts. Archæol. Mag. (1879) 18 164 Keisnes [sc. chênes] appellez Rowers pour foaill.1413 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 14 Arbores mortuas vocatas Rowers.

Obsolete.

A dead or fallen tree, esp. an oak tree.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > characterized by quality or health > [noun] > fallen or uprooted

rower1442

windfall1464

root-fall1584

down timber1837

deadfall1883

uproot1891

timber-fall1897

1442 Acct. in Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæol. Jrnl. (1901) 7 118 (MED) vi c of rowyr.

1455–6 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. July 1455 §47. m. 12 Provided also, that this seid act..not..be prejudiciall..of any graunte..made by us unto theym..of eny annuell pension..nor of þe undrewode and rowers in a woode called Sapley..for theire perpetuell fuell.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

rowern.³

Brit.

/ˈrəʊə/, U.S.

/ˈroʊər/

Forms: 1500s– rower; Scottish 1900s– rowar, 1900s– rowir.

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: row n.⁴, -er suffix¹.

Etymology: Apparently < row n.⁴ (although this is first attested later) + -er suffix¹. Compare later row v.⁷ With sense 2 compare earlier roller n.¹ 12a.

1. Spinning. = rover n.³ 1. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > [noun] > drawing or twisting > equipment for > one who tends to

rowera1600

rover1742

slubber1835

a1600 T. Deloney Pleasant Hist. Iohn Winchcomb (1619) ii. sig. Dij^v There were Shearemen euery one,..And hard by them there did remaine, Full foure score Rowers taking paine.

1757 Proposals for carrying on War with Vigour 52 The Price of the Labour of the Sorter, Dryer, Scribler, Carder,..Rower, Shearer,..or Weaver, is not too high.

1819 Earl of Lauderdale Inq. Nature & Origin Public Wealth (ed. 2) v. 289 A few years ago..the carders and rowers of cotton wool were a distinct body from the spinners of the yarn.

1897 H. Spencer Princ. Sociol. III. viii. xviii. 522 ‘Jack of Newbury's’ establishment, where for the making of cloth there were carders, spinners, weavers, shearers, rowers.

1998 J. P. Linton Romance of New World ii. 67 Apart from weavers, quillers, spinners, and carders, there are wool-pickers, shearers, rowers, dyers and fullers.

2. Scottish (Orkney, Shetland, and Caithness). A roll of newly carded wool ready for spinning. Cf. roller n.¹ 12a, rowan n.³

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > treated or processed textiles > [noun] > wool > carded > roll

roller1829

rower1898

rolag1932

1898 Shetland News 19 Feb. 7/4 Shü ran doon da hidmist rower o' a knuck.

1913 Old-lore Misc. VI. i. 24 When the wool had been combed and turned a few times on the cards..it was curled over in a roll on the toothed side of one card, and after a final pat with the wooden back of the other card, the rowar was completed and carefully deposited on the seat of a stool.

1923 Shetlander No. 3 2 Shu took twartree roond turns o da rowir aboot da heidgear o da wheel.

1949 ‘Lex’ But-end Ballans 15 I sat an' cairded for a while, De rowers raze i' foamon pile.

1972 D. Omand Caithness Bk. 254 Rowars, rolls of wool prepared for spinning.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

rowern.⁴

Brit.

/ˈraʊə/, U.S.

/ˈraʊər/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: row v.⁵, -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < row v.⁵ + -er suffix¹.

Textiles. Now historical.

A person who puts a nap on cloth. Cf. row v.⁵

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > [noun] > putting nap on > one who

teaseler14..

nopster1480

teaser1483

cottoner1557

friezer1557

rower1738

napper1769

1738 J. Munn Observ. Brit. Wool 13 Rowers of Cloth.

1772 A. Young Polit. Ess. conc. Present State Brit. Empire iv. 178 Rowers of cloth.

1903 C. R. Aldrich & L. S. Kirtland in T. Deloney Thomas of Reading 214 (note) The rowers roughened the cloth.

1913 L. F. Salzman Eng. Industries of Middle Ages viii. 156 On leaving the fuller the cloth passed into the hands of the rower.

1985 E. Kerridge Textile Manuf. in Early Mod. Eng. (1988) xiii. 173 A man and a boy with a gig-mill could replace up to ten men rowers, but the work was spoiled.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹a1382

n.²1442

n.³a1600

n.⁴1738

单词	rower
释义	rowern.¹ Brit. /ˈrəʊə/, U.S. /ˈroʊər/ Forms: see row v.¹ and -er suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: row v.¹, -er suffix¹. Etymology: < row v.¹ + -er suffix¹. Compare Middle Dutch rōyer , roeyer (Dutch roeier ), Middle Low German rōjer , Middle High German rüeger (compare German Rojer ). In sense 2 after classical Latin rēmex rower (see remex n.); compare earlier remex n. 2.Compare Old English rōwend person who rows ( < row v.¹ + -end suffix¹). 1. a. A person who rows; an oarsman or oarswoman. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > types of sailor > [noun] > rower or oarsman rowera1382 oarman1589 oar1648 remex1674 oarsman1701 puller1824 oarer1924 sweep-swinger1949 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xxxiii. 21 Ther entride not bi it the ship of roweres [L. remigum], ne the grete ship of thre mastes shal not ouergon it. ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iv. met. iii. l. 3495 Þe rowers and þe maryners hadden by þis..dronken þe wickede drynkes. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 437 Roware, yn a water, remex. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid x. iv. 118 Furth held..Aulestes..with gret strenth of rowaris in that pres. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Remex To ease or healpe the rowers with settinge vp a sayle. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxvii. x. 950 Polyxenidas..would neither have rowers nor other mariners in any number about his fleete. 1686 Bp. G. Burnet Some Lett. conc. Switzerland ii. 104 Which runs with such a force that we went thirty miles in three hours, having but one Rower. 1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. viii. 140 Other accommodations..for the slaves, sailors, and rowers. 1775 S. Johnson Journey W. Islands 338 Sir Allan victualled it for the day, and provided able rowers. 1832 G. Downes Lett. from Continental Countries I. 113 We..embarked in a covered boat, after a battle with the rowers. 1877 A. B. Edwards Thousand Miles up Nile xvii. 470 A crew of steady rowers can do thirty miles a day. 1913 Railway World Mar. 189/2 Our rower actually rowed thirty miles, the difference between where he would have been if he hadn't rowed and where he actually was. 1988 S. Stevens Night Train to Turkistan iii. 24 She's a great rower. A national champion in college. 1996 Courier Mail (Brisbane) 23 July 2/2 More than 150 Olympic rowers staged a sitdown protest in the athletes' village. b. = rowing machine n. (b) at rowing n.¹ Compounds 3b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > gymnastics > exercise > [noun] > equipment > others trochus1706 troque1743 chamber horse1747 dumb-bell1785 stock1831 rowing machine1848 chest-expander1850 weights1862 stationary bicycle1883 punching bag1888 medicine ball1895 punching ball1895 stationary bike1899 kettlebell1908 rower1933 Exercycle1936 exercise bicycle1937 exercise bike1946 exercise cycle1952 roller1970 life cycle1973 multi-gym1976 gut-buster1983 roller1992 1933 Waterloo (Iowa) Daily Courier 11 Jan. 3/2 (advt.) Come in..Demonstrate the Rower to your heart's content..in private booth in Corset Department. 1961 Chicago Sunday Tribune 4 June 26/7 (advt.) Row your way to slimness and health with our new Gym Dandee home rower that helps firm saggy areas. 1982 Observer 19 Dec. 26/1 Traditional rowing machines and no-frills exercise bikes are still very popular, and with all ages: one 87-year-old woman bought a bike in November, and ordered a rower for the spring. 2004 D. S. Brooks Compl. Bk. Personal Training ii. 19/1 Be certain that the rower moves smoothly, is adjustable, and has a seat that locks. 2. Ornithology. = remex n. 2. Usually in plural. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > wing or wings > feather(s) on > primary feather(s) flags1486 pinion feather1486 pinion1545 pen-feather1602 quill feather1678 remexa1705 flight1735 flight-feather1735 primary1776 rower1835 remicle1887 pen plume1899 1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals II. xvii. 153 These quill-feathers, being very principal instruments of the wing in flight, are also named the remiges or rowers of the vessel. 1884 E. Coues Key to N. Amer. Birds (ed. 2) 115 Rudders, or true tail-feathers, like the remiges or rowers, are usually stiff, well-pronounced feathers. 1897 M. O. Wright & E. Coues Citizen Bird iv. 28 Those small feathers are called coverts, because they cover over the roots of the rowers. 1911 R. M. Pierce Dict. Aviation 185 [Text in phonetic spelling] Remex, one of the large stɪff quɪll-fɛthers whɪch fʘrm most of the sprɛd of a bird's wɪng; a flight-fɛther; a rower. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † rowern.² Forms: late Middle English rower, late Middle English rowyr. Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymons: French roer, roure. Etymology: Apparently < Anglo-Norman roer, roour fallen tree, stump (c1358 or earlier) and Middle French roure species of oak tree (1401; French rouvre ) < classical Latin rōbur oak tree (see robur n.).Compare the following examples, which probably reflect earlier use of Middle English forms, but could also be interpreted as showing the Anglo-Norman word (especially in quot. 1404):1396 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 14 [Order to deliver..six trees called] roweres [for fuel].1404 in Wilts. Archæol. Mag. (1879) 18 164 Keisnes [sc. chênes] appellez Rowers pour foaill.1413 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 14 Arbores mortuas vocatas Rowers. Obsolete. A dead or fallen tree, esp. an oak tree. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > characterized by quality or health > [noun] > fallen or uprooted rower1442 windfall1464 root-fall1584 down timber1837 deadfall1883 uproot1891 timber-fall1897 1442 Acct. in Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæol. Jrnl. (1901) 7 118 (MED) vi c of rowyr. 1455–6 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. July 1455 §47. m. 12 Provided also, that this seid act..not..be prejudiciall..of any graunte..made by us unto theym..of eny annuell pension..nor of þe undrewode and rowers in a woode called Sapley..for theire perpetuell fuell. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2020). rowern.³ Brit. /ˈrəʊə/, U.S. /ˈroʊər/ Forms: 1500s– rower; Scottish 1900s– rowar, 1900s– rowir. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: row n.⁴, -er suffix¹. Etymology: Apparently < row n.⁴ (although this is first attested later) + -er suffix¹. Compare later row v.⁷ With sense 2 compare earlier roller n.¹ 12a. 1. Spinning. = rover n.³ 1. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > [noun] > drawing or twisting > equipment for > one who tends to rowera1600 rover1742 slubber1835 a1600 T. Deloney Pleasant Hist. Iohn Winchcomb (1619) ii. sig. Dij^v There were Shearemen euery one,..And hard by them there did remaine, Full foure score Rowers taking paine. 1757 Proposals for carrying on War with Vigour 52 The Price of the Labour of the Sorter, Dryer, Scribler, Carder,..Rower, Shearer,..or Weaver, is not too high. 1819 Earl of Lauderdale Inq. Nature & Origin Public Wealth (ed. 2) v. 289 A few years ago..the carders and rowers of cotton wool were a distinct body from the spinners of the yarn. 1897 H. Spencer Princ. Sociol. III. viii. xviii. 522 ‘Jack of Newbury's’ establishment, where for the making of cloth there were carders, spinners, weavers, shearers, rowers. 1998 J. P. Linton Romance of New World ii. 67 Apart from weavers, quillers, spinners, and carders, there are wool-pickers, shearers, rowers, dyers and fullers. 2. Scottish (Orkney, Shetland, and Caithness). A roll of newly carded wool ready for spinning. Cf. roller n.¹ 12a, rowan n.³ ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > treated or processed textiles > [noun] > wool > carded > roll roller1829 rower1898 rolag1932 1898 Shetland News 19 Feb. 7/4 Shü ran doon da hidmist rower o' a knuck. 1913 Old-lore Misc. VI. i. 24 When the wool had been combed and turned a few times on the cards..it was curled over in a roll on the toothed side of one card, and after a final pat with the wooden back of the other card, the rowar was completed and carefully deposited on the seat of a stool. 1923 Shetlander No. 3 2 Shu took twartree roond turns o da rowir aboot da heidgear o da wheel. 1949 ‘Lex’ But-end Ballans 15 I sat an' cairded for a while, De rowers raze i' foamon pile. 1972 D. Omand Caithness Bk. 254 Rowars, rolls of wool prepared for spinning. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). rowern.⁴ Brit. /ˈraʊə/, U.S. /ˈraʊər/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: row v.⁵, -er suffix¹. Etymology: < row v.⁵ + -er suffix¹. Textiles. Now historical. A person who puts a nap on cloth. Cf. row v.⁵ ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > [noun] > putting nap on > one who teaseler14.. nopster1480 teaser1483 cottoner1557 friezer1557 rower1738 napper1769 1738 J. Munn Observ. Brit. Wool 13 Rowers of Cloth. 1772 A. Young Polit. Ess. conc. Present State Brit. Empire iv. 178 Rowers of cloth. 1903 C. R. Aldrich & L. S. Kirtland in T. Deloney Thomas of Reading 214 (note) The rowers roughened the cloth. 1913 L. F. Salzman Eng. Industries of Middle Ages viii. 156 On leaving the fuller the cloth passed into the hands of the rower. 1985 E. Kerridge Textile Manuf. in Early Mod. Eng. (1988) xiii. 173 A man and a boy with a gig-mill could replace up to ten men rowers, but the work was spoiled. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a1382n.²1442n.³a1600n.⁴1738
随便看	willow-skirted willow-slug willow-sparrow willow-thorn willow-tree willow-tufted willow-veiled willow-warbler willow-ware willow-wielder willow-worm willow-wort willow-wren willowbeauty willowbee willowbeetle willowbordered willowbranch willowbutterfly willowcaterpillar willowcimbex willowcoloured willowcricket willowcylinder willowearth

rowern.1

† rowern.2

rowern.3

rowern.4

rowern.¹

† rowern.²

rowern.³

rowern.⁴