runtingn.

Brit.

/ˈrʌntɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈrən(t)ɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: runt n., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < runt n. + -ing suffix¹.

1. The stunting of the growth or development of an animal or plant; the birth or development of animals that are small for their kind, esp. (in later use) in the contexts of laboratory breeding and intensive rearing. Cf. runt disease n. at runt n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [noun] > genetic techniques

selection1837

runting1893

sex control1898

progeny test1910

insemination1923

progeny-testing1926

transformation1928

translation1955

hybridization1959

transcription1961

reverse transcription1970

1893 Garden 1 Apr. 262/3 I find the best results are secured by leaving in the row as long as possible, and lifting in the late spring to check runting or bolting.

1912 Jrnl. Proc. & Addr. 50th Ann. Meeting (National Educ. Assoc. U.S.) 1327 If the food supply is insufficient for the extra demand, growth stops. Illustrations are the well-recognized runting from childwork, the runting of colts left out of doors in cold weather, [etc.].

1959 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 110 522 Runting is the result of an immunological reaction of foreign cells against a tolerant host.

1974 Nature 11 Oct. 548/2 In some litters all rats grew normally and there was no runting.

2003 F. W. Huchzermeyer Crocodiles vi. 234/2 The most obvious sign of runting is the failure to grow in comparison to other individuals.

2. slang. In the ice-cream trade: the practice of giving unaccompanied children undersized portions. rare.

ΚΠ

1976 Drive July 37/2 In the [ice-cream] trade, giving kids small portions when no parents are about is called ‘runting’.

Compounds

runting syndrome n. (a) = sense 1; (b) a type of avian viral enteritis affecting galliform birds, to which young battery-reared poultry chicks are particularly susceptible; also runting and stunting syndrome, runting stunting syndrome.

ΚΠ

1959 Bull. de la Soc. Internat. de Chirurgie 18 208 (title) Studies on the runting syndrome in newborn mice.

1967 Handb. der Pathologischen Anat. 7 v. 289 A 16 months old infant died with all the characteristics of the runting syndrome and apparently due to maternal to fetal lymphocyte chimerism.

1978 Nature 27 July 365/2 In the colony described here there has been no evidence of the runting syndrome frequently seen in conventional nude mice.

1984 Austral. Vet. Jrnl. 61 319 The prevalence of reoviruses in commercial chickens with the runting/stunting syndrome.

1989 J. C. Bridger in L. J. Saif & K. W. Theil Viral Diarrheas Man & Animals viii. 162 Entero-like viruses were reported also in association with diarrhea and the runting and stunting syndrome of turkeys.

2008 Avian Pathol. 37 451 Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) infection can result in immunosuppression, a runting syndrome, high mortality..in a variety of domestic and wild birds.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	runting
释义	runtingn. Brit. /ˈrʌntɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈrən(t)ɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: runt n., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < runt n. + -ing suffix¹. 1. The stunting of the growth or development of an animal or plant; the birth or development of animals that are small for their kind, esp. (in later use) in the contexts of laboratory breeding and intensive rearing. Cf. runt disease n. at runt n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [noun] > genetic techniques selection1837 runting1893 sex control1898 progeny test1910 insemination1923 progeny-testing1926 transformation1928 translation1955 hybridization1959 transcription1961 reverse transcription1970 1893 Garden 1 Apr. 262/3 I find the best results are secured by leaving in the row as long as possible, and lifting in the late spring to check runting or bolting. 1912 Jrnl. Proc. & Addr. 50th Ann. Meeting (National Educ. Assoc. U.S.) 1327 If the food supply is insufficient for the extra demand, growth stops. Illustrations are the well-recognized runting from childwork, the runting of colts left out of doors in cold weather, [etc.]. 1959 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 110 522 Runting is the result of an immunological reaction of foreign cells against a tolerant host. 1974 Nature 11 Oct. 548/2 In some litters all rats grew normally and there was no runting. 2003 F. W. Huchzermeyer Crocodiles vi. 234/2 The most obvious sign of runting is the failure to grow in comparison to other individuals. 2. slang. In the ice-cream trade: the practice of giving unaccompanied children undersized portions. rare. ΚΠ 1976 Drive July 37/2 In the [ice-cream] trade, giving kids small portions when no parents are about is called ‘runting’. Compounds runting syndrome n. (a) = sense 1; (b) a type of avian viral enteritis affecting galliform birds, to which young battery-reared poultry chicks are particularly susceptible; also runting and stunting syndrome, runting stunting syndrome. ΚΠ 1959 Bull. de la Soc. Internat. de Chirurgie 18 208 (title) Studies on the runting syndrome in newborn mice. 1967 Handb. der Pathologischen Anat. 7 v. 289 A 16 months old infant died with all the characteristics of the runting syndrome and apparently due to maternal to fetal lymphocyte chimerism. 1978 Nature 27 July 365/2 In the colony described here there has been no evidence of the runting syndrome frequently seen in conventional nude mice. 1984 Austral. Vet. Jrnl. 61 319 The prevalence of reoviruses in commercial chickens with the runting/stunting syndrome. 1989 J. C. Bridger in L. J. Saif & K. W. Theil Viral Diarrheas Man & Animals viii. 162 Entero-like viruses were reported also in association with diarrhea and the runting and stunting syndrome of turkeys. 2008 Avian Pathol. 37 451 Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) infection can result in immunosuppression, a runting syndrome, high mortality..in a variety of domestic and wild birds. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1893
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