Russianismn.

Brit.

/ˈrʌʃn̩ɪz(ə)m/,

/ˈrʌʃənɪz(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˈrəʃ(ə)ˌnɪzəm/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Russian adj., -ism suffix.

Etymology: < Russian adj. + -ism suffix. Compare slightly later Russism n. and the foreign-language nouns cited at that entry.

a. A characteristically Russian word, phrase, or idiom, esp. when used in another language.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Russian > idiom of

Russianism1827

Russism1834

1827 J. Bowring Specimens Polish Poets 4 Bantkie divides the language of Poland into six dialects..;—the Littavian, which has many Russianisms [etc.].

1864 Macmillan's Mag. Aug. 294/2 Serbs and Bulgarians seek to expunge Greek and Russianisms from their liturgy.

1934 D. Round tr. K. Capek President Masaryk Tells his Story 114 My Czech was very rough and bristling with Russianisms.

1957 V. Nabokov Pnin iii. 87 Her fluent and flashy New York English, with..soft lapses into furry Russianisms.

2004 K. Brown Biogr. of No Place ii. 65 None of his informants spoke pure Ukrainian, but in speech ‘garbled’ with Russianisms.

b. As a mass noun: the use of Russianisms or Russianized language.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Russian > adoption of Russian idioms

Russianism1866

1866 H. S. Edwards Three Louisas I. xviii. 258 ‘Absolutely!’ replied Tchokimoff, who spoke English with just a trace of Russianism.

1886 American 12 219 The translation..is free from..excessive Russianism.

1993 A. De Vries Directory of Jobs & Careers Abroad (ed. 8) 302 Latvia is currently under the most threat from Russianism (almost half the population are non-Latvian speakers).

a. Attachment to or support for Russia and Russian political or cultural ascendancy.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social attitudes > patriotism > liking for or sympathy with other nations > [noun] > specific other nations

Normanism1647

Russianism1832

Turcomania1834

Turcophilism1880

Turcophilia1908

Bulgarophilism1921

Sinophilia1951

1832 Ann. Reg. 1831 i. Hist. Europe 435/1 The prisons contained some ladies, whom political jealousy had confined on suspicion of Russianism.

1855 Fraser's Mag. 51 240 Lord John Russell, who will hardly be suspected of Russianism, distinctly disclaimed any such view.

1919 J. Conrad Personal Rec. Pref. p. xviii The secret National Committee intended primarily to organise moral resistance to the augmented pressure of Russianism.

1998 A. J. Motyl in B. R. Rubin & J. L. Snyder Post-Soviet Polit. Order ii. 26 Central Asia may have been the most egregious example of the fusion of Russianism with Bolshevism, as local Russian Bolsheviks..pursued outwardly racist policies toward the indigenous peoples.

b. Russian character, spirit, or quality.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Russia, the Russian Empire, or the Soviet Union > [noun] > prevalence of Russian ideas or spirit

Russianism1843

Russism1850

1843 Foreign Q. Rev. Apr. 96/1 This grey-haired soldier was a tough, tardy piece of Russianism to the backbone.

1878 J. R. Seeley Life & Times Stein III. 15 ‘If only,’ he writes, ‘there were common sense in Kutusoff's army instead of Russianism.’

1918 A. Bennett Roll-call i. ii. 37 The Glazounov ballet music..started. Knowing himself justified, he surrendered himself to it, to its exoticism, to its Russianism.

1959 Encounter Oct. 8/1 A sort of Fabergé Russianism clings around parts of Nice.

1993 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 21 Mar. 26/2 The Slavophiles have seen the strength of their nation in their medieval roots, patriarchal customs, religion and folklore, an untainted Russianism.

c. A Russian characteristic or custom.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Russia, the Russian Empire, or the Soviet Union > [noun] > custom

Russianism1957

1878 Med. Press & Circular 22 May 436/2 Such Russianisms as these are not calculated to make the Service agreeable to men of spirit or culture.

1933 A. Nin Let. 3 May in G. Stuhlmann Literate Passion (1987) 150 Got a beautiful letter from my father again, transports of un-French and even un-Spanish affection. I see where I get some of my Russianisms!

1957 V. Nabokov Pnin iii. 71 Shy graduate students would be taught vodka-drinking rites and other stale Russianisms.

1985 N.Y. Mag. 27 May 91/2 In the Russia of the revolution, modern ideas and ancient Russianisms struck sparks off each other.

3. Soviet communism as practised by the Russians.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > a or the system of government > systems based on specific principle > [noun] > Soviet communist system

communism1918

Sovietism1919

Russianism1933

1933 Catholic Times 21 Apr. 5/1 One of the reasons for the great success of Russianism was the austerity of many of its leaders and the complete self-sacrifice of many of its rank and file.

1976 R. G. Wesson Why Marxism? ii. 87 The growth of Russianism out of Marxism-Leninism reflects..increasing conservatism and decline of interest in the universalist cause.

2000 R. Szporluk Russia, Ukraine, & Breakup of Soviet Union viii. 246 The adoption of ‘Russianism’ as the state's official ideology.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	russianism
释义	Russianismn. Brit. /ˈrʌʃn̩ɪz(ə)m/, /ˈrʌʃənɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈrəʃ(ə)ˌnɪzəm/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Russian adj., -ism suffix. Etymology: < Russian adj. + -ism suffix. Compare slightly later Russism n. and the foreign-language nouns cited at that entry. 1. a. A characteristically Russian word, phrase, or idiom, esp. when used in another language. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Russian > idiom of Russianism1827 Russism1834 1827 J. Bowring Specimens Polish Poets 4 Bantkie divides the language of Poland into six dialects..;—the Littavian, which has many Russianisms [etc.]. 1864 Macmillan's Mag. Aug. 294/2 Serbs and Bulgarians seek to expunge Greek and Russianisms from their liturgy. 1934 D. Round tr. K. Capek President Masaryk Tells his Story 114 My Czech was very rough and bristling with Russianisms. 1957 V. Nabokov Pnin iii. 87 Her fluent and flashy New York English, with..soft lapses into furry Russianisms. 2004 K. Brown Biogr. of No Place ii. 65 None of his informants spoke pure Ukrainian, but in speech ‘garbled’ with Russianisms. b. As a mass noun: the use of Russianisms or Russianized language. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Russian > adoption of Russian idioms Russianism1866 1866 H. S. Edwards Three Louisas I. xviii. 258 ‘Absolutely!’ replied Tchokimoff, who spoke English with just a trace of Russianism. 1886 American 12 219 The translation..is free from..excessive Russianism. 1993 A. De Vries Directory of Jobs & Careers Abroad (ed. 8) 302 Latvia is currently under the most threat from Russianism (almost half the population are non-Latvian speakers). 2. a. Attachment to or support for Russia and Russian political or cultural ascendancy. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social attitudes > patriotism > liking for or sympathy with other nations > [noun] > specific other nations Normanism1647 Russianism1832 Turcomania1834 Turcophilism1880 Turcophilia1908 Bulgarophilism1921 Sinophilia1951 1832 Ann. Reg. 1831 i. Hist. Europe 435/1 The prisons contained some ladies, whom political jealousy had confined on suspicion of Russianism. 1855 Fraser's Mag. 51 240 Lord John Russell, who will hardly be suspected of Russianism, distinctly disclaimed any such view. 1919 J. Conrad Personal Rec. Pref. p. xviii The secret National Committee intended primarily to organise moral resistance to the augmented pressure of Russianism. 1998 A. J. Motyl in B. R. Rubin & J. L. Snyder Post-Soviet Polit. Order ii. 26 Central Asia may have been the most egregious example of the fusion of Russianism with Bolshevism, as local Russian Bolsheviks..pursued outwardly racist policies toward the indigenous peoples. b. Russian character, spirit, or quality. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Russia, the Russian Empire, or the Soviet Union > [noun] > prevalence of Russian ideas or spirit Russianism1843 Russism1850 1843 Foreign Q. Rev. Apr. 96/1 This grey-haired soldier was a tough, tardy piece of Russianism to the backbone. 1878 J. R. Seeley Life & Times Stein III. 15 ‘If only,’ he writes, ‘there were common sense in Kutusoff's army instead of Russianism.’ 1918 A. Bennett Roll-call i. ii. 37 The Glazounov ballet music..started. Knowing himself justified, he surrendered himself to it, to its exoticism, to its Russianism. 1959 Encounter Oct. 8/1 A sort of Fabergé Russianism clings around parts of Nice. 1993 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 21 Mar. 26/2 The Slavophiles have seen the strength of their nation in their medieval roots, patriarchal customs, religion and folklore, an untainted Russianism. c. A Russian characteristic or custom. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Russia, the Russian Empire, or the Soviet Union > [noun] > custom Russianism1957 1878 Med. Press & Circular 22 May 436/2 Such Russianisms as these are not calculated to make the Service agreeable to men of spirit or culture. 1933 A. Nin Let. 3 May in G. Stuhlmann Literate Passion (1987) 150 Got a beautiful letter from my father again, transports of un-French and even un-Spanish affection. I see where I get some of my Russianisms! 1957 V. Nabokov Pnin iii. 71 Shy graduate students would be taught vodka-drinking rites and other stale Russianisms. 1985 N.Y. Mag. 27 May 91/2 In the Russia of the revolution, modern ideas and ancient Russianisms struck sparks off each other. 3. Soviet communism as practised by the Russians. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > a or the system of government > systems based on specific principle > [noun] > Soviet communist system communism1918 Sovietism1919 Russianism1933 1933 Catholic Times 21 Apr. 5/1 One of the reasons for the great success of Russianism was the austerity of many of its leaders and the complete self-sacrifice of many of its rank and file. 1976 R. G. Wesson Why Marxism? ii. 87 The growth of Russianism out of Marxism-Leninism reflects..increasing conservatism and decline of interest in the universalist cause. 2000 R. Szporluk Russia, Ukraine, & Breakup of Soviet Union viii. 246 The adoption of ‘Russianism’ as the state's official ideology. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1827
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