请输入您要查询的英文单词:

 

单词 rusticity
释义

rusticityn.

Brit. /rʌˈstɪsᵻti/, U.S. /rəˈstɪsᵻdi/
Forms: 1500s rustycyte, 1500s–1600s rusticitie, 1500s– rusticity.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French rusticité; Latin rusticitās.
Etymology: < Middle French rusticité (French rusticité ) agricultural work (13th cent. in Old French), boorishness, lack of sophistication (1482), rustic life, character, or style (1512), simplicity belonging to the countryside or its life or inhabitants (1545) and its etymon classical Latin rusticitās fact or state of being country-born, rustic quality, provinciality, uncouthness, lack of sophistication, awkwardness, rustic simplicity, in post-classical Latin also country life, agriculture (3rd cent.), country people (5th cent.) < rusticus rustic adj. + -tās (see -ty suffix1; compare -ity suffix). Compare Italian rusticità (c1342).In sense 6 originally after Italian rusticità (1728 in the passage translated in quot. 1730 at sense 6).
1.
a. Lack of sophistication or refinement; social awkwardness; boorishness.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [noun] > homeliness or rusticity
churlhood1382
uplandishness1530
rusticity1531
rusticality1572
homeliness1576
rusticalnessa1603
rusticness1653
bucolicism1879
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [noun] > unmannerliness > unrefined manners or behaviour
villainyc1340
churlhood1382
rudenessc1405
boistousness1526
uplandishness1530
rusticity1531
coarseness1541
loutishnessa1556
grossness1563
boorishness1570
rusticality1572
clownishness1576
bouerie1577
roughness1581
clownery1589
swinishness1591
peasantryc1592
inurbanity1598
community1600
rusticalnessa1603
clownagea1637
wildness1639
vulgarness1642
unpolishedness1652
brutism1687
mismanners1697
unpoliteness1700
brutality1709
mechanicism1710
indelicacy1712
untameness1727
vulgarism1749
vulgaritya1774
shag1785
piggishness1796
cubbishness1828
sylvanity1832
rusticness1838
plebeianness1840
swainishness1854
baboonery1857
yahooism1862
slanginess1865
bucolicism1879
vulgarianism1920
outbackery1961
yobbishness1969
ockerism1974
blokeishness1989
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xvi. sig. dvi Which in them was neyther folisshenes nor yet rusticitie, but of a prudent consideracion.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. vi. sig. Gg8v Seemeth that such wilde woodes should far expell All ciuile vsage and gentility, And gentle sprite deforme with rude rusticity.
1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §13 The wisedome of God receives small honour from those vulgar heads that rudely stare about, and with a grosse rusticity admire his workes. View more context for this quotation
1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 185 Rusticity..is nothing but a stupid Sullenness, that makes men appear Ill-bred, and unfit for Company.
1762 Philos. Trans. 1761 (Royal Soc.) 52 68 The aukward rusticity of a stranger, introduced the first time to your presence.
1777 H. L. Thrale Diary June in Thraliana (1942) I. 103 Sir Lynch Cotton my Uncle was..full of rusticity which offended, but had humor to divert one.
1820 W. Scott Abbot II. ix. 273 Yet these high accomplishments were mixed with an air of rusticity and hair-brained vivacity.
1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths II. 253 Ischl has a little rusticity still in her elegant manners.
1936 in L. E. Sweet Peoples & Cultures Middle East (1970) 239 The Teyma sheykh was.., in the opinion of the nomads, jàhil , of a certain broken-hearted ineptitude and rusticity.
2002 Arion Fall 51 In his very rudeness, Cyclops is the personification of rusticity, as we see in the gigantic oaf pictured by Sebastiano del Piombo.
b. An instance of rude or boorish behaviour; a social solecism; (also) a rustic habit or mannerism. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [noun] > homeliness or rusticity > instance or example of
rusticity1604
homespun1845
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [noun] > unmannerliness > unrefined manners or behaviour > instance of
rusticity1604
clownerya1634
vulgarism1785
1604 R. Parsons Relation Triall before King of France 235 Harken I pray yow what manner of speech and threat he vseth towards him,..and this for some kind of rusticity..committed against Sutcliffes person.
1693 A. Monro Serm. Several Occasions i. 12 They measure the Purity of Religion, by its Rusticities and Undecencies, and think that they are never got far enough from Rome, unless they oppose all the decent Customs of the civilized World.
1706 tr. J. B. Morvan de Bellegarde Refl. upon Ridicule 26 The Polite easily excuse the Weaknesses or Rusticities of others.
1753 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) III. 246 All school-boys must lose some part of the polishing they get at home; a herd of little wild creatures playing together entirely off of their guard will contract of course some rusticities.
1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park I. ii. 31 The little rusticities and awkwardnesses..necessarily wore away. View more context for this quotation
2007 M. Garson Moral Taste 16 The Fanny we know is not capable of a rusticity: she is always already refined.
2.
a. Of language or literary composition: lack of polish or refinement; inelegance; (without negative connotations) rural character or style.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > inelegance > [noun]
roughnessa1398
beggarliness1542
crabbedness1546
barbarousness1549
grossness1563
rusticity1565
barbarism1578
inconcinnity1616
ungracefulness1658
incuriosity1661
incomptness1669
uncouthness1672
unpoliteness1684
barbarity1706
inelegance1726
inelegancy1727
scabrousness1727
asperity1779
crudity1885
ineloquence1894
1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Sal Pleasant sayinges without rusticitie.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxi. 208 Some maner of speaches are alwayes intollerable..namely barbarousnesse, incongruitie,..rusticitie, and all extreme darknesse.
1697 J. Dryden Ded. Ld. Clifford in tr. Virgil Wks. sig. A1v There is a kind of Rusticity in all those pompous Verses.
1755 Scots Mag. Oct. 485/1 Others [sc. other writers of pastorals], while they studied to preserve simplicity, have degenerated into rusticity and grossness.
1784 tr. J.-J. Rousseau Eloisa (new ed.) I. Pref. p. iii Whoever may resolve to read these letters ought to arm himself with patience against faults of language, rusticity of stile, and pedantry of expression.
1839 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe II. v. 307 Praises which we cannot bestow on the uncouth provincial rusticity of Spenser.
1890 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 442 The writing of ballads with a contrived archaism or rusticity of language is a fashion of modern literature.
1905 K. Wilkinson Personal Story Upper House xv. 300 He affected a bucolical bearing and a rusticity of speech.
1952 M. Hadas Hist. Lat. Lit. viii. 143 Pastoral poetry has become an art form in which stylized rusticity is a necessary convention.
1992 S. K. George Adventures Woman Homesteader (1993) 207 Sedgwick, a busy editor..admitted he liked the informality and the rusticity of the letter form.
b. An example of this; a rustic word, phrase, or idiom; a rusticism; (also) a rustic composition. Usually in plural.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > a language > dialect > [noun] > regional dialects > word or phrase of
rusticity1675
rusticism1749
provincialism1770
villagism1772
localism1823
nationalism1823
colonialism1842
ruralism1854
1675 J. Beale in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 10 367 You must expect no other language, or composure, than what comes first to a running pen, and agrees with rusticities; for which I have more affections, than spare minutes to offer to you.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 59. ¶3 Obsolete Words and Phrases, unusual Barbarisms and Rusticities.
1781 tr. Comtesse de Genlis Judge i. ix, in Theatre of Educ. III. 376 These vulgar rusticities, and low expressions, can only excite indignation and contempt, and debase him who makes use of them.
1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems xxxvi. 19 But ye verses,..Rank rusticities, empty vapid annals Of Volusius.
1897 Pall Mall Gaz. 12 Oct. 9/1 He makes ‘herd’ rhyme with ‘heard’, and ‘hail’ with ‘hell’, and commits other rusticities too numerous to mention.
1921 B. Matthews Ess. on Eng. vii. 140 He [sc. Boccaccio] looks down rather intolerantly upon attempts to utilize these rusticities in verse or in prose.
1971 Times 29 Apr. 11/5 The careful novelist whose rusticities are watered and pruned.
2005 R. Terry Mock-heroic Butler to Cowper vi. 143 Pamela's rusticities of speech (such as her regular pronunciation of ‘curtsy’ as ‘curchee’)..are amplified into Shamela's mouthy vulgarity.
3. Lack of culture or education; ignorance.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > [noun]
unwisdomc825
nutelnessa1200
ignorance?c1225
uncunningc1290
uncunnessa1300
unwittingnessa1300
unknowledging1357
lewdness1362
unsciencec1374
mislearninga1382
simplenessa1382
unknowinga1382
ignorancec1384
unwittingc1384
simplessec1391
rudenessc1400
unweeting14..
lewdhead1401
misknowing?a1425
simplicityc1450
unknowledge1470
discognisancec1475
unknowingness1486
non-knowledge1503
ignorancy1526
simplehead1543
unlearnedness1555
ignoration1563
rusticity1571
ignorantness1574
ignoring1578
inscience1578
ignoramus1583
ingramness1589
lack-learning1590
idiotism1598
ignoramus1598
idiocy1605
nesciencea1625
nescio1637
inerudition1685
unawareness1847
agnosia1879
moronism1922
cluelessness1960
1571 T. Fortescue tr. P. Mexia Foreste f. 182 Greate wealthe also without good letters, is the true pathe to senslis brutalitie, the roote of presumption, and accomplishemente of rusticitie.
1583 W. Fulke Def. Transl. Script. i. 51 To condemne all men,..out of your readers chaire at Rhemes, of ignorance,..barbarusnes, rusticity.
1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 95 An universal Rusticity presently took place... Those first Ages of the new World were simple, and illiterate to Admiration.
1726 C. Mather Manuductio ad Ministerium 107 The Emperors themselves, so took away their appointed Stipends in all Cities, that being void of all Learning, a Rusticity, both lamentable and shameful, invaded those Cities.
1797 J. Milner Hist. Church of Christ III. vii. iv. 144 He [sc. Isidore] seems to have been providentially given to Spain, in order to preserve some of the antient learning, and to prevent men from sinking into total ignorance and rusticity.
1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas III. vii. xiii. 181 He began laughing at my rusticity. Well..replied he..this sonnet would confuse clearer heads than thine.
1878 Acad. 5 Oct. 335/2 M. Lambros..considers Michael's complaints of the ignorance and rusticity of the Athenians to be exaggerated, and largely owing tо Byzantine pedantry.
1902 H. J. Roby Rom. Private Law I. ii. xi. 120 Mere ignorance, laziness, rusticity or stupidity, was also reason for removal [of a legal guardian].
1994 H. W. Bird in tr. Aurelius Victor De Caesaribus 189 The Epitomator is especially scathing about his rusticity, ignorance and hostility to learning.
4.
a. The state or condition of or associated with living in the countryside; rustic life, character, or style.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > country as opposed to town > [noun] > quality
rusticity1585
rurality1611
rustication1732
pastorality1821
ruralism1835
1585 T. Bilson True Difference Christian Subiection iv. 633 In the village of Christ..there is nothing but rusticitie, & silence, except it be in singing of psalmes.
1622 T. Scott Belgicke Pismire 81 The vnbrideled and licencious youth will..weaue fetters of silke for their owne feete, which their plaine and wise forefathers..broke asunder by industrie, and kept broken by frugality and contented rusticitie.
1638 F. Junius Painting of Ancients 183 He was a man that might seeme to be more given to rusticitie than to such kinde of delicacies.
1785 H. Walpole Let. to J. Pinkerton 26 June He..could captivate a lord of Augustus's bed-chamber, and tempt him to listen to themes of rusticity.
1809 N. Pinkney Trav. South of France 276 The town..had an air of rusticity and recluseness which might have delighted a romantic imagination.
1866 A. Jameson Diary Ennuyeé 312 I have seen..three copies of this picture, in all of them the charming simplicity and rusticity, but in none the exquisite expression of the original.
1898 A. Bennett Man from North xvi. 138 The ‘cosy corner’, an angle of the room furnished with painted mirrors and a bark bench of fictitious rusticity.
1938 Amer. Home June 38/2 Choose elegance, chaste simplicity, gracefulness, dignity, or fireside rusticity.
1976 Nature 1 July 12/2 Strong anachronistic sentiment for rusticity ultimately works against the big.
2005 Food & Trav. Feb.–Mar. 68/3 It is a nice surprise to travel to the ends of the earth and find Beatrix Potterish rusticity and ladies with secateurs.
b. A rustic feature or characteristic; a rural object, practice, custom, etc. Usually in plural.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > country as opposed to town > [noun] > feature
rusticity1662
rurality?1775
1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura iv. 68 What they graved after Mich. de Vos,..and others whose Rusticities they set forth.
1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ Pref. These Rusticities..supply us for our Necessities and advantages; for without this Art none in City or Country could subsist.
1723 H. Rowlands Mona Antiqua Restaurata vi. 34 The Notions of People were flat and vulgar, busied only..about obvious Rusticities.
1850 Littell's Living Age 31 Aug. 394/2 That was before the immorality of the Waltz came in..to say nothing of later bustling rusticities, such as the Mazurka.
1873 R. Browning Red Cotton Night-cap Country i. 8 Nought you missed Of one and all the sweet rusticities!
1932 Bull. Metrop. Mus. Art 27 166/2 Fashion was affected inevitably by the elegant rusticities of the Petit Trianon and the activities of royal gardeners.
1955 Archit. Rev. 107 365 Town and country..will consist of a limbo of shacks, bogus rusticities, wire and aerodromes, set in some fir-poled fields.
1998 K. T. Hoppen Mid-Victorian Generation (2003) xii. 465 Those who rarely went to church but wanted to mark seasonal change, recall imagined rusticities, and sing rousing hymns.
5. Country people collectively. Now rare.In later use chiefly with allusion to Carlyle: see quot. 1833.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > rustic or peasant > collectively
land-peoplec1440
peasantry1551
country people?1556
countryfolk1557
rusticity1621
ruraltya1641
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > country dweller > [noun] > collectively
land-peoplec1440
country people?1556
countryfolk1557
ruraltya1641
rusticity1833
1621 R. Brathwait Times Curtaine Drawne sig. L2 (heading) Dialogue betweene Hobbinoll the Ploughman, and Nathaniell Spruce the Gentleman; wherein it is proved, how Rusticitie hath advantage vpon Gentrie in the Libertie of Liuing.
1622 J. Taylor Sir Gregory Nonsence sig. B4 How from the Country all the plaine Rusticity, Liues by deceit, exiling plaine simplicity.
1833 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus in Fraser's Mag. Nov. 587/1 A thousand carriages, and wains, and cars, come tumbling in with Food, with young Rusticity, and other Raw Produce.
1893 W. S. Crockett Minstrelsy of Merse 265 The usual varied experience of young Rusticity fell to his lot: cow-herding, crow-herding, and the wild, free delights of the fields.
1905 J. B. Russell Public Health Admin. Glasgow vi. 308 I do not find fault with the towns for attracting ‘young rusticity,’ or young rusticity for being attracted.
6. Architecture. Rusticated style or work. See rusticated adj. 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > rustic work > style
rusticity1730
rustication1766
1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei Compl. Hist. Anc. Amphitheatres 212 The Rusticity [It. rusticità] of the Work..seems to contribute towards Grandeur and Strength.
1870 S. Sloan Sloan's Homestead Archit. 14 There is quite an exhibition of bold rusticity, combined with an evident neatness of finish.
1899 Archit. Rec. July 51 The basement here is..of brown stone, treated with the same rusticity as before.
2001 T. R. Brown & S. Warmflash Archit. Bergen County, New Jersey 171 Frequently, native materials such as unpainted shingles or fieldstone are employed, and rusticity is not uncommon.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
<
n.1531
随便看

 

英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2025/3/21 13:24:38