Rwandan.

Brit.

/rʊˈandə/, U.S.

/rʊˈɑndə/,

/rəˈwɑndə/

Forms: 1800s– Ruanda, 1900s– Rwanda.

Origin: A borrowing from Rwanda. Etymon: Rwanda urwanda.

Etymology: < Rwanda urwanda country, also used as the name of Rwanda.Recorded from 1863 or earlier as Ruanda as a place name in English contexts, 1878 or earlier as Rwanda; compare also German Ruanda (1857 or earlier; now Rwanda), French Ruanda (1865 or earlier as Rouanda; now Rwanda). In 1890 the territory occupied by the independent kingdom of Banyarwanda was incorporated into the colony of German East Africa (but was probably not visited by Europeans until 1892); the area was conquered by Belgian troops in 1916 and in 1919 became part of the Belgian mandate of Ruanda-Urundi (which also included what is now Burundi). The country gained independence in 1962 as the Republic of Rwanda (Rwanda Repubulika y'u Rwanda, French République de Rwanda).

I. Compounds.

1. attributive. Designating or relating to an East African people inhabiting an area that now includes Rwanda, a republic founded in 1962. Also: designating things coming from or associated with Rwanda.

ΘΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [adjective] > Bantu peoples

Wagogo1840

Swahilian1846

Tumbuka1850

Wanyamwezi1860

Rwanda1864

Nyasa1887

Ngoni1891

Mashona1893

Ganda1894

Ila1907

Meru1908

Chewa1909

Yao1910

Nyanja1923

Lozi1937

Nyamwezi1939

Sukuma1953

Lamba1956

Gogo1969

1864 J. A. Grant Walk across Afr. viii. 161 He also abused the Ruanda people, because they refused to allow any coast-men into their kingdom.

1924 A. C. Smith & L. E. Sharp Ruanda's Redemption 18 (heading) Receipts for Kigezi and Ruanda work 1920–23.

1969 J. C. King Evangelicals vii. 60 A similar tight-knit group within Church of England Evangelicalism is the Ruanda movement. This consists of people influenced by the East African revival movement, through the Ruanda Mission.

1995 E. Isichei Hist. Christianity in Afr. ix. 241 By the late 1920s, royal Rwanda women were among the converts.

2006 A. Steffen et al. Worldchanging (2008) 429/1 Subjects range from activist intensives on topics such as the basics of human-rights activism..to understanding the role of the media in the Rwanda genocide.

II. Simple uses.

2. With plural agreement. The Rwanda people.

ΘΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [noun] > Bantu peoples

Swahili1814

Chagga1823

Mashona1835

Wagogo1840

Wachagga1849

Tumbuka1850

Sukuma1860

Wanyamwezi1860

Babemba1867

Kavirondo1870

Nyamwezi1885

Bemba1887

Chewa1887

Shangaan1887

Rwanda1889

Awemba1890

Yao1894

Ngoni1899

Nyanja1899

Kisii1905

Ganda1906

Meru1908

Lamba1909

Hutu1922

Lozi1935

Ila1956

Gogo1957

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Africa > native or inhabitant of East Africa > [noun] > countries or regions

Mozambiquer1803

Muganda1863

Zanzibari1882

Rwanda1889

Tonga1891

Ugandan1893

Eritrean1902

Tanganyikan1906

White Highlander1921

Rwandan1926

Kenyan1930

assimilado1953

Rwandese1955

Malawian1963

Tanzanian1964

Malawi1966

Mozambican1971

1889 Times 3 Apr. 15/4 Between Yambuya and the Nyanza we came across five distinct languages. The last is that which is spoken by the..Ruanda.

1959 Listener 29 Oct. 740/1 The Ruanda and Urundi of that trusteeship territory, the Belgian Congo, Uganda and Tanganyika.

1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VIII. 737/3 In 1969, an estimated 3,600,000 Rwanda occupied an area of roughly 10,000 square miles.

2007 T. Turner Congo Wars iv. 83 The lack of confidence and communication date back to 1924–27 when Mokogabwe, mwami of the Furiiru, seized cattle from many Rwanda.

3. A Bantu language spoken by the Rwanda.

ΘΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > African languages > Niger-Kordofanian > [noun] > Niger-Congo > Niger-Congo proper languages > Kwa family > Bantu languages

Kaffir1820

Swahilese1833

Sesotho1846

Chagga1849

Kikuyu1849

Mitshi1854

Manganja1859

Bantu1866

Kavirondo1870

Luganda1876

Sotho1876

Fan1883

Gogo1883

Lunda1883

Nyamwezi1883

Kioko1884

Barotse1888

Ganda1891

Tumbuka1891

Chichewa1897

Bemba1902

Nyanja1902

Rwanda1902

Lingala1903

Sepedi1905

Ila1907

Lamba1907

Chewa1908

Venda1908

Ngoni1911

Munchi1913

Meru1921

Yao1924

Lozi1937

Nguni1939

Ndembu1945

Mwera1947

Sango1948

Ovambo1953

Sukuma1969

Tiv1976

1902 H. H. Johnston Uganda Protectorate II. 969 Urunyaruanda is spoken in Ruanda, or Bunya-ruanda, south of Ankole... English, ant... Ruanda, entωzi.

1939 L. H. Gray Found. Lang. 405 Homburger's classification [of Bantu languages] is as follows:..(2) Ruanda, north-east of Tanganyika.

1992 S. Lwango-Lunyiigo in I. Hrbek Afr. from Seventh to Eleventh Cent. vi. 75 Take, for instance, the word meaning ‘people’ in the following languages: Duala: bato Mongo: banto Rwanda: abantu.

2008 D. Creissels et al. in B. Heine & D. Nurse Ling. Geogr. Afr. v.92 In some languages.., verb forms may include two object markers, and sometimes (e.g. in Rwanda and some other Bantu languages) up to six.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rwanda
释义	Rwandan. Brit. /rʊˈandə/, U.S. /rʊˈɑndə/, /rəˈwɑndə/ Forms: 1800s– Ruanda, 1900s– Rwanda. Origin: A borrowing from Rwanda. Etymon: Rwanda urwanda. Etymology: < Rwanda urwanda country, also used as the name of Rwanda.Recorded from 1863 or earlier as Ruanda as a place name in English contexts, 1878 or earlier as Rwanda; compare also German Ruanda (1857 or earlier; now Rwanda), French Ruanda (1865 or earlier as Rouanda; now Rwanda). In 1890 the territory occupied by the independent kingdom of Banyarwanda was incorporated into the colony of German East Africa (but was probably not visited by Europeans until 1892); the area was conquered by Belgian troops in 1916 and in 1919 became part of the Belgian mandate of Ruanda-Urundi (which also included what is now Burundi). The country gained independence in 1962 as the Republic of Rwanda (Rwanda Repubulika y'u Rwanda, French République de Rwanda). I. Compounds. 1. attributive. Designating or relating to an East African people inhabiting an area that now includes Rwanda, a republic founded in 1962. Also: designating things coming from or associated with Rwanda. ΘΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [adjective] > Bantu peoples Wagogo1840 Swahilian1846 Tumbuka1850 Wanyamwezi1860 Rwanda1864 Nyasa1887 Ngoni1891 Mashona1893 Ganda1894 Ila1907 Meru1908 Chewa1909 Yao1910 Nyanja1923 Lozi1937 Nyamwezi1939 Sukuma1953 Lamba1956 Gogo1969 1864 J. A. Grant Walk across Afr. viii. 161 He also abused the Ruanda people, because they refused to allow any coast-men into their kingdom. 1924 A. C. Smith & L. E. Sharp Ruanda's Redemption 18 (heading) Receipts for Kigezi and Ruanda work 1920–23. 1969 J. C. King Evangelicals vii. 60 A similar tight-knit group within Church of England Evangelicalism is the Ruanda movement. This consists of people influenced by the East African revival movement, through the Ruanda Mission. 1995 E. Isichei Hist. Christianity in Afr. ix. 241 By the late 1920s, royal Rwanda women were among the converts. 2006 A. Steffen et al. Worldchanging (2008) 429/1 Subjects range from activist intensives on topics such as the basics of human-rights activism..to understanding the role of the media in the Rwanda genocide. II. Simple uses. 2. With plural agreement. The Rwanda people. ΘΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [noun] > Bantu peoples Swahili1814 Chagga1823 Mashona1835 Wagogo1840 Wachagga1849 Tumbuka1850 Sukuma1860 Wanyamwezi1860 Babemba1867 Kavirondo1870 Nyamwezi1885 Bemba1887 Chewa1887 Shangaan1887 Rwanda1889 Awemba1890 Yao1894 Ngoni1899 Nyanja1899 Kisii1905 Ganda1906 Meru1908 Lamba1909 Hutu1922 Lozi1935 Ila1956 Gogo1957 the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Africa > native or inhabitant of East Africa > [noun] > countries or regions Mozambiquer1803 Muganda1863 Zanzibari1882 Rwanda1889 Tonga1891 Ugandan1893 Eritrean1902 Tanganyikan1906 White Highlander1921 Rwandan1926 Kenyan1930 assimilado1953 Rwandese1955 Malawian1963 Tanzanian1964 Malawi1966 Mozambican1971 1889 Times 3 Apr. 15/4 Between Yambuya and the Nyanza we came across five distinct languages. The last is that which is spoken by the..Ruanda. 1959 Listener 29 Oct. 740/1 The Ruanda and Urundi of that trusteeship territory, the Belgian Congo, Uganda and Tanganyika. 1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VIII. 737/3 In 1969, an estimated 3,600,000 Rwanda occupied an area of roughly 10,000 square miles. 2007 T. Turner Congo Wars iv. 83 The lack of confidence and communication date back to 1924–27 when Mokogabwe, mwami of the Furiiru, seized cattle from many Rwanda. 3. A Bantu language spoken by the Rwanda. ΘΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > African languages > Niger-Kordofanian > [noun] > Niger-Congo > Niger-Congo proper languages > Kwa family > Bantu languages Kaffir1820 Swahilese1833 Sesotho1846 Chagga1849 Kikuyu1849 Mitshi1854 Manganja1859 Bantu1866 Kavirondo1870 Luganda1876 Sotho1876 Fan1883 Gogo1883 Lunda1883 Nyamwezi1883 Kioko1884 Barotse1888 Ganda1891 Tumbuka1891 Chichewa1897 Bemba1902 Nyanja1902 Rwanda1902 Lingala1903 Sepedi1905 Ila1907 Lamba1907 Chewa1908 Venda1908 Ngoni1911 Munchi1913 Meru1921 Yao1924 Lozi1937 Nguni1939 Ndembu1945 Mwera1947 Sango1948 Ovambo1953 Sukuma1969 Tiv1976 1902 H. H. Johnston Uganda Protectorate II. 969 Urunyaruanda is spoken in Ruanda, or Bunya-ruanda, south of Ankole... English, ant... Ruanda, entωzi. 1939 L. H. Gray Found. Lang. 405 Homburger's classification [of Bantu languages] is as follows:..(2) Ruanda, north-east of Tanganyika. 1992 S. Lwango-Lunyiigo in I. Hrbek Afr. from Seventh to Eleventh Cent. vi. 75 Take, for instance, the word meaning ‘people’ in the following languages: Duala: bato Mongo: banto Rwanda: abantu. 2008 D. Creissels et al. in B. Heine & D. Nurse Ling. Geogr. Afr. v.92 In some languages.., verb forms may include two object markers, and sometimes (e.g. in Rwanda and some other Bantu languages) up to six. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1864
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