单词 | bleed |
释义 | bleedn. 1. = bleeding n. 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [noun] > bleeding or flow of blood runeOE stranda1240 flux1377 bleedingc1385 rhexisc1425 issuec1500 haemorrhagy?1541 bleeda1585 sanguination1598 falla1616 haemorrhage1671 saltation1672 persultation1706 fusion1725 haematosis1811 phleborrhagia1833 secondary haemorrhage1837 splinter haemorrhage1931 haemorrhaging1967 a1585 A. Montgomerie Flyting with Polwart 309 The bleid [s] and bellithrow. 1848 Asmodeus (N.Y.) 73 What's the best cure for nose-bleed, doctor? 1890 F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads IV. vii. 117/2 The omen of nose-bleed occurs in the ballad of ‘The Mother's Malison’. 1922 T. Hardy Late Lyrics & Earlier 26 The silent bleed of a world decaying. 2. The action of bleed v. 13; a page or illustration that is printed or trimmed so as to leave no margin. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > manner or style of printing > [noun] > printing with no margin bleed1939 society > communication > printing > printed matter > arrangement or appearance of printed matter > [noun] > page without margin bleed1939 1939 in Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Add. 1948 Words into Type (Appleton-Century-Crofts Inc., N.Y.) 533 Illustrations which extend to the edges of the page when printed are called bleed cuts. 1967 R. R. Karch & E. J. Buber Graphic Arts Procedures: Offset Processes 531 Bleed, a printed image area, an illustration, extending beyond any one or more edges of a sheet. 3. = bleeding n. 3; also, the cock, valve, or the like through which bleeding occurs. Frequently attributive. So bleed-off. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > [noun] > extracting gas or fluid draining1565 exhaustion1661 aspiration1842 adspiration1851 bleeding1889 bleed1949 1949 Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) ii. 21 Bleed, to eliminate air from a hydraulic system; e.g., by undoing bleed screws. 1958 Times Rev. Industry July 26/1 The..range comprises turbo-jet, air-bleed, free turbine, and shaft-drive units. 1959 Motor Manual (ed. 36) iii. 61 A very rich mixture of fuel, and a little air bled in by the air bleed at the top of the well. 1962 New Scientist 19 July 139 An opacity-measuring instrument..controls a continuous bleed-off of dirty water. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online June 2019). bleedv. I. intransitive. 1. a. To emit, discharge, or ‘lose’ blood; to drop, or run with, blood. Said of a person or animal, a part of the body, a wound, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > discharge [verb (intransitive)] > bleed bleeda1000 letc1330 flux1638 haemorrhage1920 a1000 Solomon & Saturn 144 Blédaþ ǽdran. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3750 Þat hæfde [c1300 Otho heued] bledde. c1300 K. Alisaunder 5845 His woundes bledden. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 126 Thei..founde þe prince bledyng, and þe Sarasin ded. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iv. i. 255 To stop his wounds, least he doe bleede to death. View more context for this quotation 1607 T. Dekker Whore of Babylon sig. I3v They are no common droppes when Princes bleede. 1658 W. Johnson tr. F. Würtz Surgeons Guid v. 353 The wound bleeded vehemently. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 557 He fell a bleeding at the nose. 1828 W. Scott Tales of Grandfather 2nd Ser. xxxvii. 153/1 Bleeding to death from the loss of his right hand. b. The body of a murdered man was supposed to bleed afresh when the murderer approached, and thus to reveal his guilt: hence, of a crime: to bleed = to come to light (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or make revelations [verb (intransitive)] > be disclosed or revealed to come to (also in, on) (the) lightOE sutelea1000 kitheOE unfoldc1350 disclosea1513 burst1542 to break up1584 to take vent1611 vent1622 bleed1645 emerge1664 to get (also have) vent1668 to get or take wind1668 to stand (appear) confessed1708 eclat1736 perspire1748 transpire1748 to come out1751 develop1805 unroll1807 spunk1808 effloresce1834 to come to the front1871 to show up1879 out1894 evolve1920 to come or crawl out of the woodwork1964 1591 Murder Ld. Bourgh (Collier) 10 Wherunto he was no sooner approched..but his wounds bled more freshlie then when they were first giuen; whereby the people in the house..made foorth to search, for surelie they supposed the murtherer was not farre off. 1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. iv. sig. B9v His feare is, lest the Carcasse should bleed.] 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xviii. 37 The murthering of her Marquis of Ancre will yet bleed as some fear. c. the heart bleeds, used figuratively to express great anguish, sorrow, or pity. So to bleed inwardly. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > compassion > expression of pity [phrase] God help him (also them, etc.)c1175 the heart bleedsc1374 the mind > emotion > suffering > mental anguish or torment > suffer anguish or torment [verb (intransitive)] anguisha1400 smoke1548 wring1565 to eat one's (own) heart1590 to bleed inwardlya1616 sting1849 twinge1850 to be hard (sometimes heavily, badly) hit1854 the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity or compassion [verb (intransitive)] > deeply to bleed inwardlya1616 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. Prol. 12 For whiche myn herte now right gynneth to blede. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. ii. 205 I bleed inwardly for my Lord. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 63 O my heart bleedes To thinke oth' teene that I haue turn'd you to. View more context for this quotation 1792 E. Burke Corr. (1844) IV. 24 My heart bleeds for the poor emigrants, whose case is truly deplorable. 1860 C. Kingsley Misc. (ed. 2) II. 349 What heart would not bleed for a beautiful woman in trouble. 2. a. To lose blood from severe or fatal wounds; to be severely wounded in battle, or the like; to shed one's blood or die by bloodshed. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (intransitive)] > be injured > be wounded > shed blood bleeda1300 to weep (tears of) blood1593 to bleed white1854 a1300 Havelok 2403 Crist þat wolde on rode blede. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xix. 103 So comsed ihesu, Tyl he had alle hem þat he fore bledde. a1400 Sir Isumb. 621 Wel a sevene score garte he blede. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 14044 He..þat bled for our Syn. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. i. 171 Cæsar must bleed for it. View more context for this quotation 1733 A. Pope Ess. Man i. 77 The Lamb thy riot dooms to bleed to day. 1787 J. Barlow Oration July 4th 10 Those who bled in so glorious a field. 1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. 349 Those who had fought and bled in the cause. b. transferred. Of a dye: to ‘run’ or become diffused when wetted. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > dyeing > [verb (intransitive)] > run run1560 strike?1790 crock1855 bleed1862 1862 C. O'Neill Dict. Calico Printing 34/1 Woollen articles [are] worked in it until saturated with colour, then washed well..until the colour begins to ‘bleed’, that is until the washing water begins to remove the blue and become tinged with it. 1893 E. Knecht et al. Man. Dyeing 724 Fastness to washing and to bleeding or running should be determined with water alone and with soap. 1893 E. Knecht et al. Man. Dyeing 725 Most of the direct cotton colours bleed very much when dyed on cotton. c. ‘To leak; especially, to leak an iron-stained liquid, as the seams of a boiler’ ( Funk's Standard Dict. 1893). ΚΠ 1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Bleeding, the red streaks of rust which weep through the scale adherent to the insides of boilers, and which reveal the presence of corrosion in the plates underneath. 3. Of plants: To emit sap when wounded. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > plant substances > be or have plant substance [verb (intransitive)] > emit sap run1670 bleed1675 1675 N. Grew Compar. Anat. Trunks ii. i. 45 The Trunk or Branch of any Plant being cut, it always bleeds at both ends. a1711 T. Ken Wks. (1721) IV. 526 The Trees..When in their Stems a wound is made, In od'rous Balsam bleed away. 1796 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening xii. 206 Cutting large branches or shoots off in summer, makes them bleed too much. 1874 2nd Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1873–4 289 If pruned later the trees will often ‘bleed’, though it is stated that a perfectly healthy tree will not bleed if pruned at any season. 1965 P. Bell & D. Coombe tr. Strasburger's Textbk. Bot. (new ed.) ii. 237 Many plants bleed only in the spring and at a certain stage of development, in others bleeding can occur at almost any time. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > bloodletting > let blood [verb (intransitive)] > be bled bleed1625 1625 J. Hart Anat. Urines ii. iv. 73 I caused him bleed oftner then once. 1697 J. D. in Tutchin Search Honesty A ij Goe Bleed, use Hellebore, and shave thy head. 5. figurative. a. Of corn, etc. to bleed well: to give a large yield. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land raising crops > [verb (intransitive)] > yield grain grain1390 to bleed wella1642 kernel1707 a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 148 Att such times when corne bleeds not wel[l]. 1691 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 8 Corn Bleeds well; when upon threshing it yields well. 1794 Har'st Rig lxxvi. 25 It shou'd bleed weel, and make prime food Fra'e 'neath the flails. 1808 in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. b. Of persons: To lose or part with money to an extent that is felt; to have money drawn or extorted; to ‘pay through the nose’ for. colloquial. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > financial loss > suffer financial loss [verb (intransitive)] to be out of one's way1596 to be in disburse1608 to be out of purse1615 bleed1671 to lie out of one's money1860 drop1876 1671 J. Dryden Evening's Love iv. 54 He is vehement, and bleeds on to fourscore or an hundred. 1680 C. Cotton in G. W. Singer Researches Hist. Playing Cards 337 They will purposely lose some small sum at first, that they may engage him the more freely to bleed (as they call it). 1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle II. lxxi. 265 To whom he was particularly agreeable, on account of his..bleeding freely at play. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xiv. 122 A city man—immensely rich, they say. Hang those city fellows, they must bleed. 1885 Manch. Evening News 23 June 2/2 Men who give bills have to bleed for the accommodation. 6. a. Said of blood, etc.: To drop, flow, ooze forth. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > exude syec893 sickerc897 weesec1000 bleedc1305 oozea1398 sweata1425 weeslea1555 sew1565 exude1574 outstreata1631 exudate1646 dew1658 suppurate1693 strain1707 the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] > in small quantity sickerc897 stilla1300 bleedc1305 distilc1400 trail1470 trinkle1513 trickle1526 gozle1650 run1786 c1305 Song Mercy in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 120 Myn herte blood for þe gan blede. 1713 A. Pope Windsor-Forest 17 For me the Balm shall bleed, and Amber flow. b. with away, into: To pass by bleeding. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > as blood outbleedc1475 bleeda1616 the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > introduction or bringing in > introduce or bring something in [verb (transitive)] > infuse sheda1325 bedew1340 distil1393 informa1398 transfusec1425 pourc1451 infudea1500 infuse1526 tan1530 colour1536 suck1549 imbrue1565 dewc1572 inspire1576 steep1603 infect1605 imbreathe1609 impregn1652 transfund1670 influence1691 bleed1866 render1885 taste1904 a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. iv. 24 Retaining but a quantity of life, Which bleeds away, euen as a forme of waxe Resolueth from his figure 'gainst the fire. View more context for this quotation 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 401 This wound, whence so much precious wealth did bleed forth. 1866 H. Bushnell Vicarious Sacrifice iv. ii. 517 If the good that is in him will get into men's bosoms, it must bleed into them. 7. a. With cognate object: To emit as blood. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > emit [verb (transitive)] > as blood bleed1377 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > emit > copiously > in or as in a stream runeOE ayetOE yetOE hieldc1200 pourc1330 bleed1377 spouta1398 wella1398 outyeta1400 wellc1400 effundc1420 streama1425 shed1430 diffude?a1475 skail1513 peera1522 effuse1526 diffuse1541 flow1550 gusha1555 outpoura1560 brew1581 outwell1590 spend1602 spin1610 exfuse1612 guttera1618 effude1634 disembogue1641 profund1657 efflux1669 decant1742 profuse1771 sluice1859 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xix. 320 Of his blode þat he bledde on Rode. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 16775 For þe mikel blod he bled. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 233/3 Hys hede was al to brused and bledde moche blood. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 119 Roapy Gore, he from his Nostrils bleeds . View more context for this quotation b. transferred of other liquids. ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) v. ii. 88 Shee did (with an Alas) I would faine say, bleed Teares; for I am sure, my heart wept blood. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 333 Nectarous humor..such as Celestial Spirits may bleed . View more context for this quotation 1763 C. Churchill Prophecy of Famine 23 And the grape bleed a nectar yet unknown. 1850 B. Taylor On Leaving Calif. (1866) 273 Thy tawny hills shall bleed their purple wine. 8. figurative. To appear bleeding, to be as red as blood. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > be red [verb (intransitive)] redOE bleed1833 1833 R. Browning Pauline 17 Her..lips which bleed Like a mountain berry. II. transitive. 9. To draw or let blood from, esp. surgically. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > bloodletting > let blood of [verb (transitive)] bleeda1500 bloodc1540 a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 687 For at the iustyng wolde y bene..My body for to blede. c1500 Spirit. Remedies in J. O. Halliwell Nugæ Poeticæ (1844) 67 For us thou letteste thy breste be bled. 1674 R. Godfrey Var. Injuries in Physick 102 Her Husband was Bleeded by an Apothecaries order. 1737 A. Pope Epist. of Horace ii. ii. 13 That from a Patriot..Have bled and purg'd me to a simple Vote. 1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 177 As he was perfectly well he was but slightly bled. 10. To draw or extort money from. to bleed white: see white adj. 4a colloquial. Cf. 5b. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > extortion > practise extortion on [verb (transitive)] ransom?a1425 to poll and pill1528 exact1534 bloodsuck?1541 extort1561 rack1576 flay1584 shave1606 wire-draw1616 punisha1626 sponge1631 squeeze1639 screwa1643 to screw up1655 bleed1680 torture1687 to screw down1725 to shake down1872 to squeeze (someone) until the pips squeak1918 to bleed white1935 rent1956 1680 C. Cotton in G. W. Singer Researches Hist. Playing Cards 343 When they intend to bleed a coll to some purpose..they always fix half a score packs of cards before. 1850 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis II. xxx. 305 By Jove, sir, you've bled that poor woman enough. 1901 S. Merwin & H. K. Webster Calumet ‘K’ xii. 224 Men will take every opportunity to bleed a corporation. 11. Nautical. to bleed the buoys: to let the water out. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (intransitive)] > let water out to bleed the buoys1834 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. vi. 66 ‘And, Mr. Chucks, recollect this afternoon that you bleed all the buoys.’ Bleed the boys, thought I, what can that be for? ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > soil [verb (transitive)] > stain or smear with blood bebloodyc1210 bebleedc1230 begore?1518 blood1522 imbrue1529 bloody1530 gore1566 engore1593 sanguine1610 gild1614 beblood1623 bleed1634 ensanguine1667 bloodstain1798 vermilion1817 imbue1850 1634 Malory's Arthur (1816) I. 309 Sir Tristram he bled both the upper sheet, and the nether sheet, and pillows. 13. Bookbinding and Printing. To cut into the print of (a book) in trimming the margin; to print (an illustration) so that it reaches beyond the normal margin to the edge of the page. Also intransitive (see quots.). So to bleed off or on. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > manner or style of printing > style of printing [verb (transitive)] > print without margin bleed1835 society > communication > printing > post-printing processes > [verb (transitive)] > cut into print while trimming bleed1835 1835 ‘J. A. Arnett’ Bibliopegia 203 A work is said to bleed, if cut into the print. 1876 Daily Tel. 9 June 2/1 (Farmer) The pages bleed in many places—i.e. the binder's knife when cutting the edges has also cut away portions of the printed matter. a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 297/2 Bleeding, cutting into the printed matter of a book when cutting the edges. 1917 E. G. Gress Art & Pract. Typogr. (ed. 2) 126 This plate can then be printed in color on gummed paper and the paper trimmed so as to ‘bleed’ the edges of the printed background. 1942 H. A. Maddox Dict. Stationery 14 If a guillotine operator slightly cuts into the type of a printed forme when trimming the edges, he is said to have bled the edges. The term Bleed-off is a modern adaptation applied to the style of..magazine pages in which illustrations are actually run right off the edge of the paper. The term employed by some printers is..‘cut to bleed’. 1948 Words into Type (Appleton-Century-Crofts Inc., N.Y.) 533 Printing is said to bleed when the margins are overcut in trimming and the printing mutilated. 1962 Listener 26 July 142/3 It looks brilliant to place a detail from one Cézanne beneath the whole of another and to make the detail ‘bleed’ off. 14. To allow (liquid) to drain away or (gas) to escape through a cock, valve, or the like. Also with off. Cf. bleeding n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > extract gas or liquid exhaust1540 draina1552 to draw off1594 uncask1594 spring1597 carry1602 tap1602 milka1628 to carry off1677 evacuate1719 drafta1875 aspirate1880 bleed1889 1889 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) To bleed the brakes, in a locomotive, to relieve the pressure on the air-brakes by opening the bleeding-valve or release-cock of the brake-cylinder. 1959 Motor Man. (ed. 36) iii. 61 A very rich mixture of fuel, and a little air bled in by the air bleed at the top of the well. 1962 A. Shepard in J. Glenn et al. Into Orbit 104 The technicians found they were able to bleed off the excess pressure by turning some of the valves by remote control. 1962 Which? Car Suppl. Oct. 138/1 The sponginess of the brake system could not be entirely overcome by bleeding the hydraulic system. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1585v.a1000 |
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