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单词 bleed
释义

bleedn.

Etymology: < bleed v.
1. = bleeding n. 1a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [noun] > bleeding or flow of blood
runeOE
stranda1240
flux1377
bleedingc1385
rhexisc1425
issuec1500
haemorrhagy?1541
bleeda1585
sanguination1598
falla1616
haemorrhage1671
saltation1672
persultation1706
fusion1725
haematosis1811
phleborrhagia1833
secondary haemorrhage1837
splinter haemorrhage1931
haemorrhaging1967
a1585 A. Montgomerie Flyting with Polwart 309 The bleid [s] and bellithrow.
1848 Asmodeus (N.Y.) 73 What's the best cure for nose-bleed, doctor?
1890 F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads IV. vii. 117/2 The omen of nose-bleed occurs in the ballad of ‘The Mother's Malison’.
1922 T. Hardy Late Lyrics & Earlier 26 The silent bleed of a world decaying.
2. The action of bleed v. 13; a page or illustration that is printed or trimmed so as to leave no margin. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > printing > manner or style of printing > [noun] > printing with no margin
bleed1939
society > communication > printing > printed matter > arrangement or appearance of printed matter > [noun] > page without margin
bleed1939
1939 in Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Add.
1948 Words into Type (Appleton-Century-Crofts Inc., N.Y.) 533 Illustrations which extend to the edges of the page when printed are called bleed cuts.
1967 R. R. Karch & E. J. Buber Graphic Arts Procedures: Offset Processes 531 Bleed, a printed image area, an illustration, extending beyond any one or more edges of a sheet.
3. = bleeding n. 3; also, the cock, valve, or the like through which bleeding occurs. Frequently attributive. So bleed-off.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > [noun] > extracting gas or fluid
draining1565
exhaustion1661
aspiration1842
adspiration1851
bleeding1889
bleed1949
1949 Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) ii. 21 Bleed, to eliminate air from a hydraulic system; e.g., by undoing bleed screws.
1958 Times Rev. Industry July 26/1 The..range comprises turbo-jet, air-bleed, free turbine, and shaft-drive units.
1959 Motor Manual (ed. 36) iii. 61 A very rich mixture of fuel, and a little air bled in by the air bleed at the top of the well.
1962 New Scientist 19 July 139 An opacity-measuring instrument..controls a continuous bleed-off of dirty water.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

bleedv.

Brit. /bliːd/, U.S. /blid/
Forms: Past tense and participle bled. Forms: Old English blédan, Middle English blede (1500s Scottish bleid, blead, bleth), 1600s bleede, 1500s– bleed. past tense Old English blédde, Middle English bledde, Middle English blede, Middle English bledd, 1600s bleeded, Middle English– bled. past participle Old English–Middle English bléded, 1600s–1700s bleeded, Middle English– bled.
Etymology: Old English blédan < Germanic *blôdjan to bleed (whence also Old Norse blǽða , modern German bluten ), < Germanic *blôdo(m blood n.
I. intransitive.
1.
a. To emit, discharge, or ‘lose’ blood; to drop, or run with, blood. Said of a person or animal, a part of the body, a wound, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > discharge [verb (intransitive)] > bleed
bleeda1000
letc1330
flux1638
haemorrhage1920
a1000 Solomon & Saturn 144 Blédaþ ǽdran.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3750 Þat hæfde [c1300 Otho heued] bledde.
c1300 K. Alisaunder 5845 His woundes bledden.
a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 126 Thei..founde þe prince bledyng, and þe Sarasin ded.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iv. i. 255 To stop his wounds, least he doe bleede to death. View more context for this quotation
1607 T. Dekker Whore of Babylon sig. I3v They are no common droppes when Princes bleede.
1658 W. Johnson tr. F. Würtz Surgeons Guid v. 353 The wound bleeded vehemently.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 557 He fell a bleeding at the nose.
1828 W. Scott Tales of Grandfather 2nd Ser. xxxvii. 153/1 Bleeding to death from the loss of his right hand.
b. The body of a murdered man was supposed to bleed afresh when the murderer approached, and thus to reveal his guilt: hence, of a crime: to bleed = to come to light (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or make revelations [verb (intransitive)] > be disclosed or revealed
to come to (also in, on) (the) lightOE
sutelea1000
kitheOE
unfoldc1350
disclosea1513
burst1542
to break up1584
to take vent1611
vent1622
bleed1645
emerge1664
to get (also have) vent1668
to get or take wind1668
to stand (appear) confessed1708
eclat1736
perspire1748
transpire1748
to come out1751
develop1805
unroll1807
spunk1808
effloresce1834
to come to the front1871
to show up1879
out1894
evolve1920
to come or crawl out of the woodwork1964
1591 Murder Ld. Bourgh (Collier) 10 Wherunto he was no sooner approched..but his wounds bled more freshlie then when they were first giuen; whereby the people in the house..made foorth to search, for surelie they supposed the murtherer was not farre off.
1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. iv. sig. B9v His feare is, lest the Carcasse should bleed.]
1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xviii. 37 The murthering of her Marquis of Ancre will yet bleed as some fear.
c. the heart bleeds, used figuratively to express great anguish, sorrow, or pity. So to bleed inwardly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > compassion > expression of pity [phrase]
God help him (also them, etc.)c1175
the heart bleedsc1374
the mind > emotion > suffering > mental anguish or torment > suffer anguish or torment [verb (intransitive)]
anguisha1400
smoke1548
wring1565
to eat one's (own) heart1590
to bleed inwardlya1616
sting1849
twinge1850
to be hard (sometimes heavily, badly) hit1854
the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity or compassion [verb (intransitive)] > deeply
to bleed inwardlya1616
c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. Prol. 12 For whiche myn herte now right gynneth to blede.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. ii. 205 I bleed inwardly for my Lord. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 63 O my heart bleedes To thinke oth' teene that I haue turn'd you to. View more context for this quotation
1792 E. Burke Corr. (1844) IV. 24 My heart bleeds for the poor emigrants, whose case is truly deplorable.
1860 C. Kingsley Misc. (ed. 2) II. 349 What heart would not bleed for a beautiful woman in trouble.
2.
a. To lose blood from severe or fatal wounds; to be severely wounded in battle, or the like; to shed one's blood or die by bloodshed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (intransitive)] > be injured > be wounded > shed blood
bleeda1300
to weep (tears of) blood1593
to bleed white1854
a1300 Havelok 2403 Crist þat wolde on rode blede.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xix. 103 So comsed ihesu, Tyl he had alle hem þat he fore bledde.
a1400 Sir Isumb. 621 Wel a sevene score garte he blede.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 14044 He..þat bled for our Syn.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. i. 171 Cæsar must bleed for it. View more context for this quotation
1733 A. Pope Ess. Man i. 77 The Lamb thy riot dooms to bleed to day.
1787 J. Barlow Oration July 4th 10 Those who bled in so glorious a field.
1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. 349 Those who had fought and bled in the cause.
figurative.1665 S. Pepys Diary 1 Apr. (1971) VI. 72 The King's service in the meantime lies a-bleeding.
b. transferred. Of a dye: to ‘run’ or become diffused when wetted.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > colouring > dyeing > [verb (intransitive)] > run
run1560
strike?1790
crock1855
bleed1862
1862 C. O'Neill Dict. Calico Printing 34/1 Woollen articles [are] worked in it until saturated with colour, then washed well..until the colour begins to ‘bleed’, that is until the washing water begins to remove the blue and become tinged with it.
1893 E. Knecht et al. Man. Dyeing 724 Fastness to washing and to bleeding or running should be determined with water alone and with soap.
1893 E. Knecht et al. Man. Dyeing 725 Most of the direct cotton colours bleed very much when dyed on cotton.
c. ‘To leak; especially, to leak an iron-stained liquid, as the seams of a boiler’ ( Funk's Standard Dict. 1893).
ΚΠ
1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Bleeding, the red streaks of rust which weep through the scale adherent to the insides of boilers, and which reveal the presence of corrosion in the plates underneath.
3. Of plants: To emit sap when wounded.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > plant substances > be or have plant substance [verb (intransitive)] > emit sap
run1670
bleed1675
1675 N. Grew Compar. Anat. Trunks ii. i. 45 The Trunk or Branch of any Plant being cut, it always bleeds at both ends.
a1711 T. Ken Wks. (1721) IV. 526 The Trees..When in their Stems a wound is made, In od'rous Balsam bleed away.
1796 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening xii. 206 Cutting large branches or shoots off in summer, makes them bleed too much.
1874 2nd Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1873–4 289 If pruned later the trees will often ‘bleed’, though it is stated that a perfectly healthy tree will not bleed if pruned at any season.
1965 P. Bell & D. Coombe tr. Strasburger's Textbk. Bot. (new ed.) ii. 237 Many plants bleed only in the spring and at a certain stage of development, in others bleeding can occur at almost any time.
4. ‘To lose blood medicinally’ (Johnson). Obsolete (now, To be bled.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > bloodletting > let blood [verb (intransitive)] > be bled
bleed1625
1625 J. Hart Anat. Urines ii. iv. 73 I caused him bleed oftner then once.
1697 J. D. in Tutchin Search Honesty A ij Goe Bleed, use Hellebore, and shave thy head.
5. figurative.
a. Of corn, etc. to bleed well: to give a large yield. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land raising crops > [verb (intransitive)] > yield grain
grain1390
to bleed wella1642
kernel1707
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 148 Att such times when corne bleeds not wel[l].
1691 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 8 Corn Bleeds well; when upon threshing it yields well.
1794 Har'st Rig lxxvi. 25 It shou'd bleed weel, and make prime food Fra'e 'neath the flails.
1808 in J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang.
b. Of persons: To lose or part with money to an extent that is felt; to have money drawn or extorted; to ‘pay through the nose’ for. colloquial.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > financial loss > suffer financial loss [verb (intransitive)]
to be out of one's way1596
to be in disburse1608
to be out of purse1615
bleed1671
to lie out of one's money1860
drop1876
1671 J. Dryden Evening's Love iv. 54 He is vehement, and bleeds on to fourscore or an hundred.
1680 C. Cotton in G. W. Singer Researches Hist. Playing Cards 337 They will purposely lose some small sum at first, that they may engage him the more freely to bleed (as they call it).
1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle II. lxxi. 265 To whom he was particularly agreeable, on account of his..bleeding freely at play.
1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xiv. 122 A city man—immensely rich, they say. Hang those city fellows, they must bleed.
1885 Manch. Evening News 23 June 2/2 Men who give bills have to bleed for the accommodation.
6.
a. Said of blood, etc.: To drop, flow, ooze forth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > exude
syec893
sickerc897
weesec1000
bleedc1305
oozea1398
sweata1425
weeslea1555
sew1565
exude1574
outstreata1631
exudate1646
dew1658
suppurate1693
strain1707
the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] > in small quantity
sickerc897
stilla1300
bleedc1305
distilc1400
trail1470
trinkle1513
trickle1526
gozle1650
run1786
c1305 Song Mercy in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 120 Myn herte blood for þe gan blede.
1713 A. Pope Windsor-Forest 17 For me the Balm shall bleed, and Amber flow.
b. with away, into: To pass by bleeding.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > as blood
outbleedc1475
bleeda1616
the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > introduction or bringing in > introduce or bring something in [verb (transitive)] > infuse
sheda1325
bedew1340
distil1393
informa1398
transfusec1425
pourc1451
infudea1500
infuse1526
tan1530
colour1536
suck1549
imbrue1565
dewc1572
inspire1576
steep1603
infect1605
imbreathe1609
impregn1652
transfund1670
influence1691
bleed1866
render1885
taste1904
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. iv. 24 Retaining but a quantity of life, Which bleeds away, euen as a forme of waxe Resolueth from his figure 'gainst the fire. View more context for this quotation
1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 401 This wound, whence so much precious wealth did bleed forth.
1866 H. Bushnell Vicarious Sacrifice iv. ii. 517 If the good that is in him will get into men's bosoms, it must bleed into them.
7.
a. With cognate object: To emit as blood.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > emit [verb (transitive)] > as blood
bleed1377
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > emit > copiously > in or as in a stream
runeOE
ayetOE
yetOE
hieldc1200
pourc1330
bleed1377
spouta1398
wella1398
outyeta1400
wellc1400
effundc1420
streama1425
shed1430
diffude?a1475
skail1513
peera1522
effuse1526
diffuse1541
flow1550
gusha1555
outpoura1560
brew1581
outwell1590
spend1602
spin1610
exfuse1612
guttera1618
effude1634
disembogue1641
profund1657
efflux1669
decant1742
profuse1771
sluice1859
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xix. 320 Of his blode þat he bledde on Rode.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 16775 For þe mikel blod he bled.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 233/3 Hys hede was al to brused and bledde moche blood.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 119 Roapy Gore, he from his Nostrils bleeds . View more context for this quotation
b. transferred of other liquids.
ΚΠ
a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) v. ii. 88 Shee did (with an Alas) I would faine say, bleed Teares; for I am sure, my heart wept blood. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 333 Nectarous humor..such as Celestial Spirits may bleed . View more context for this quotation
1763 C. Churchill Prophecy of Famine 23 And the grape bleed a nectar yet unknown.
1850 B. Taylor On Leaving Calif. (1866) 273 Thy tawny hills shall bleed their purple wine.
8. figurative. To appear bleeding, to be as red as blood.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > be red [verb (intransitive)]
redOE
bleed1833
1833 R. Browning Pauline 17 Her..lips which bleed Like a mountain berry.
II. transitive.
9. To draw or let blood from, esp. surgically.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > bloodletting > let blood of [verb (transitive)]
bleeda1500
bloodc1540
a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 687 For at the iustyng wolde y bene..My body for to blede.
c1500 Spirit. Remedies in J. O. Halliwell Nugæ Poeticæ (1844) 67 For us thou letteste thy breste be bled.
1674 R. Godfrey Var. Injuries in Physick 102 Her Husband was Bleeded by an Apothecaries order.
1737 A. Pope Epist. of Horace ii. ii. 13 That from a Patriot..Have bled and purg'd me to a simple Vote.
1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 177 As he was perfectly well he was but slightly bled.
10. To draw or extort money from. to bleed white: see white adj. 4a colloquial. Cf. 5b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > extortion > practise extortion on [verb (transitive)]
ransom?a1425
to poll and pill1528
exact1534
bloodsuck?1541
extort1561
rack1576
flay1584
shave1606
wire-draw1616
punisha1626
sponge1631
squeeze1639
screwa1643
to screw up1655
bleed1680
torture1687
to screw down1725
to shake down1872
to squeeze (someone) until the pips squeak1918
to bleed white1935
rent1956
1680 C. Cotton in G. W. Singer Researches Hist. Playing Cards 343 When they intend to bleed a coll to some purpose..they always fix half a score packs of cards before.
1850 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis II. xxx. 305 By Jove, sir, you've bled that poor woman enough.
1901 S. Merwin & H. K. Webster Calumet ‘K’ xii. 224 Men will take every opportunity to bleed a corporation.
11. Nautical. to bleed the buoys: to let the water out.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (intransitive)] > let water out
to bleed the buoys1834
1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. vi. 66 ‘And, Mr. Chucks, recollect this afternoon that you bleed all the buoys.’ Bleed the boys, thought I, what can that be for?
12. To make bloody, to smear with blood.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > soil [verb (transitive)] > stain or smear with blood
bebloodyc1210
bebleedc1230
begore?1518
blood1522
imbrue1529
bloody1530
gore1566
engore1593
sanguine1610
gild1614
beblood1623
bleed1634
ensanguine1667
bloodstain1798
vermilion1817
imbue1850
1634 Malory's Arthur (1816) I. 309 Sir Tristram he bled both the upper sheet, and the nether sheet, and pillows.
13. Bookbinding and Printing. To cut into the print of (a book) in trimming the margin; to print (an illustration) so that it reaches beyond the normal margin to the edge of the page. Also intransitive (see quots.). So to bleed off or on.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > printing > manner or style of printing > style of printing [verb (transitive)] > print without margin
bleed1835
society > communication > printing > post-printing processes > [verb (transitive)] > cut into print while trimming
bleed1835
1835 ‘J. A. Arnett’ Bibliopegia 203 A work is said to bleed, if cut into the print.
1876 Daily Tel. 9 June 2/1 (Farmer) The pages bleed in many places—i.e. the binder's knife when cutting the edges has also cut away portions of the printed matter.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. I. 297/2 Bleeding, cutting into the printed matter of a book when cutting the edges.
1917 E. G. Gress Art & Pract. Typogr. (ed. 2) 126 This plate can then be printed in color on gummed paper and the paper trimmed so as to ‘bleed’ the edges of the printed background.
1942 H. A. Maddox Dict. Stationery 14 If a guillotine operator slightly cuts into the type of a printed forme when trimming the edges, he is said to have bled the edges. The term Bleed-off is a modern adaptation applied to the style of..magazine pages in which illustrations are actually run right off the edge of the paper. The term employed by some printers is..‘cut to bleed’.
1948 Words into Type (Appleton-Century-Crofts Inc., N.Y.) 533 Printing is said to bleed when the margins are overcut in trimming and the printing mutilated.
1962 Listener 26 July 142/3 It looks brilliant to place a detail from one Cézanne beneath the whole of another and to make the detail ‘bleed’ off.
14. To allow (liquid) to drain away or (gas) to escape through a cock, valve, or the like. Also with off. Cf. bleeding n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > extraction > extract [verb (transitive)] > extract gas or liquid
exhaust1540
draina1552
to draw off1594
uncask1594
spring1597
carry1602
tap1602
milka1628
to carry off1677
evacuate1719
drafta1875
aspirate1880
bleed1889
1889 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) To bleed the brakes, in a locomotive, to relieve the pressure on the air-brakes by opening the bleeding-valve or release-cock of the brake-cylinder.
1959 Motor Man. (ed. 36) iii. 61 A very rich mixture of fuel, and a little air bled in by the air bleed at the top of the well.
1962 A. Shepard in J. Glenn et al. Into Orbit 104 The technicians found they were able to bleed off the excess pressure by turning some of the valves by remote control.
1962 Which? Car Suppl. Oct. 138/1 The sponginess of the brake system could not be entirely overcome by bleeding the hydraulic system.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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