单词 | shame |
释义 | shamen. 1. a. The painful emotion arising from the consciousness of something dishonouring, ridiculous, or indecorous in one's own conduct or circumstances (or in those of others whose honour or disgrace one regards as one's own), or of being in a situation which offends one's sense of modesty or decency. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > [noun] shamec725 vergoyne1484 turpitude1570 ashamedness1615 shamefacedness1641 shamefastness1646 the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > [noun] > sense of shame or decency shamec725 shamefastnessc1200 shamefulnessa1340 shameness1340 pudicity1567 pudencya1616 pudor1623 forehead1631 sense of shame1647 pudeur1876 c725 Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) P. 844 Pudor, scomo. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Luke xiv. 9 Ðu inginnas mið sceoma [L. cum rubore] þæt hlætmesto stoue gehalda. a1225 St. Marher. 7 Ah þe schulde scheomien..ȝef þu scheome cuðest þat þulli mot haldest wið a ȝung meiden. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 349 Flesses fremeðe and safte same Boðen he felten on here lichame. ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 119v Alle shame and vergoyne redowblith in me. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. i. 113 You will but make it blush, And glow with shame of your proceedings, Hubert. View more context for this quotation a1626 J. Fletcher & W. Rowley Maid in Mill i. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaaa2/1 But for my part (in all humility And with no little shame) I ask your pardons. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 114. ⁋4 Shame of Poverty makes Laertes lanch into unnecessary Equipage. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Lord of Burleigh in Poems (new ed.) II. 204 As it were with shame she blushes. 1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 240 Shame at the evil which sin is, works repentance. b. plural. ΚΠ 1851 A. Helps Compan. Solitude viii. 152 Being free from many of the usual small shames, petty ends, trivial vanities. c. sense of shame n. the consciousness of this emotion, guilty feeling; also, the right perception of what is improper or disgraceful (cf. sense 2). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > [noun] > sense of shame or decency shamec725 shamefastnessc1200 shamefulnessa1340 shameness1340 pudicity1567 pudencya1616 pudor1623 forehead1631 sense of shame1647 pudeur1876 1647 C. Harvey Schola Cordis xv. 29 Untill the sense of shame Makes me contemne my self-dishonour'd name. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Cinyras & Myrrha in Fables 184 Another, and another Night she came; For frequent Sin had left no Sense of Shame. 1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women I. i. 11 All but those who..have..lost their sense of shame. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess iv. 82 And full of cowardice and guilty shame, I grant in her the merit of shame, she flies. 1872 C. Darwin Expression Emotions Man & Animals xiii. 321 Under a keen sense of shame, there is a strong desire for concealment. d. past shame, dead to shame, no longer capable of feeling shame, grown callous to shame. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [adjective] > shameless or thick-skinned shamelessc897 hard-skinnedc1450 past shame1509 unblushing1595 steel-browed1600 thick-skinned1602 dead to shame1780 case-hardened1836 unsnubbable1847 hard-shelled1848 pachydermatous1849 hard-boiled1884 armour-plated1887 tough-minded1927 chalcenterous1946 chalcenteric1964 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. cliv Some ar so past shame in theyr langage So fowle and lothly, that [etc.]. 1647 H. Hexham Copious Eng. & Netherduytch Dict. (at cited word) He is past shame. 1780 J. Warner in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1844) IV. 325 His wife and her sister are not great enough or little enough to be dead to shame. 2. Fear of offence against propriety or decency, operating as a restraint on behaviour; modesty, shamefastness. without shame, shameless(ly. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > [noun] > sense of shame or decency > personified shamec1386 shamefastness1509 c1386 G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Prol. 342 In habit maad with chastitee and shame Ye wommen shul apparaille yow. a1577 G. Gascoigne Grief of Joye iv. xxxv, in Compl. Wks. (1910) II. 555 The darksome nyght, sharpe enemye to shame, By candles light, betrayethe many a dame. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. ii. 286 Haue you no modesty, no maiden shame, No touch of bashfulnesse? View more context for this quotation 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 131 Discouering those parts which shame bids vs hide. 1702 R. L'Estrange tr. Josephus Jewish Antiq. iv. viii, in Wks. 97 A Debtor that hath neither the Shame, nor the Conscience, to restore what he Borrow'd. 1780 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. (1789) xii. §10 Where robberies are frequent and unpunished robberies are committed without shame. 1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues IV. 38 To infuse into them that divine fear, which we call shame. 1913 N.E.D. at Shame Mod. I am not surprised at his request; he is quite without shame. 3. a. Disgrace, ignominy, loss of esteem or reputation. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [noun] unworshipc888 bismerc893 shameOE shondOE shendnessc1000 shendinga1220 shendlaca1225 slander1297 brixlea1300 shendship1303 hounteec1330 dishonourc1380 reproofc1380 defamationa1387 dishonestyc1386 hountagec1390 defamea1393 disworshipa1400 mishonoura1400 villainya1400 shendc1400 rebukec1425 contemptc1430 reproach?a1439 reprobationa1450 disfamec1460 opprobry?a1475 lackc1480 shentc1480 vitupery1489 defamy1490 opprobre1490 dain?a1500 contemnment1502 ignominy?1527 scandalization1530 ignomy1534 contumely1555 disglory1567 dehonestationa1575 disgrace1592 attainder1597 disreputation1601 defaming1611 ignominiousness1655 adoxy1656 opprobrium1684 shonda1961 OE Crist III 1273 Þonne is him oþer earfe þu swa some scyldgum to sconde, þæt hi þær scoma mæste dreogað fordone. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 59 To..kepen us from hearm and scome. a1300 K. Horn 327 Schame mote þu fonge & on hiȝe rode anhonge. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. iv. 28 For to sauen hem~self from schome and from harme. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 1028 Thour out the worl oure shame is kid so wyde. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ezek. xvi. 52 Therfore beare thine owne shame. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. iv. 68 Free from these slanders, and this open shame . View more context for this quotation 1726 Bp. J. Butler 15 Serm. i. 20 Men to avoid the Shame of one Villany are sometimes guilty of a greater. 1764 R. Burn Hist. Poor Laws 199 By once inflicting shame on a criminal, we for ever remove that fear of it, which is one very strong preservative against doing evil. 1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany (ed. 2) I. 194 After such high-raised expectations, the result was shame and ignominy. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 6 Far better were I laid in the dark earth,..Than that my lord thro' me should suffer shame. b. An instance or piece of disgrace. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [noun] > instance of shamec1230 rebukec1425 disworship1465 c1230 Hali Meid. (Bodl. MS.) 8 Teonen þolien, & gromen & scheomen. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 589 So fil it as fortune hym aughte a schame. a1470 J. Hardyng Chron. cxiv. xviii Thus synnes olde make shames come full newe. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. i. sig. O3 Though..euery death were followed with a thousand shames. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) i. iv. 73 Let his shames quickely Driue him to Rome. View more context for this quotation a1628 F. Greville Certaine Wks. (1633) i. 71 So be the shames of Peace, the Pride of Warre. 1880 J. McCarthy Hist. our Own Times IV. 32 The calamities and shames of 1865 might have been avoided. 1891 F. W. Farrar Darkness & Dawn I. i. 10 The name of her sister Drusilla had been already stained with a thousand shames. c. spec. Violation of a woman's honour, loss of chastity. †to do (a) shame, to offer violence (to). child, son of shame, a child born out of wedlock. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > [noun] > of woman shamec1275 ruin1567 (a fate) worse than death1631 society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > deprive of chastity [verb (transitive)] > rape to do (a) shamec1275 afforcec1330 beforcec1375 misusea1382 oppressa1382 enforcec1386 ravisha1387 forcea1400 betravaila1425 trespass1427 supprisea1450 violatec1450 viole?c1450 stuprate?1526 devour1530 stupre1548 constuprate1550 rape1574 suppress1590 harry1591 constrain1594 abripe1623 obstuprate1658 spoil1678 to rip off1967 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun] > illegitimate child avetrolc1300 bastardc1330 misbegetc1330 whoresonc1330 horcop14.. get?a1513 misbegotten1546 misbegot1558 mamzer1562 base1571 bantling1593 by-blow1595 by-chopa1637 by-scape1646 by-slipa1670 illegitimate1673 stall-whimper1676 love brata1700 slink1702 child, son of shame1723 babe of love1728 adulterine1730 come-by-chance?1750 byspel1781 love-child1805 come-o'-will1815 chance-child1838 chance-bairn1863 side-slip1872 fly-blow1875 catch colt1901 illegit1913 outside child1930 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6038 Melga nom Vrsele..& scome [c1300 Otho same] hire bi-hedde & ladde heo to his bedde. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 488 That al here lyf ne don nat but asayen How manye wemen they may don a schame. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. v. sig. Gg2 After that foster fowle he fiercely ridd, To bene auenged of the shame, he did To that faire Damzell. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 141 Is't not a kinde of Incest, to take life From thine owne sisters shame ? View more context for this quotation 1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 3 My Nurse..Bred me up very carefully with her own Son, and with another Son of shame like me. 1813 Ld. Byron Giaour 8 And every woe a tear can claim Except an erring sister's shame. 1827 W. Scott Surgeon's Daughter in Chron. Canongate 1st Ser. II. iii. 89 A child of shame, deserted by its father and mother. 1833 Ld. Tennyson Sisters 8 She mix'd her ancient blood with shame. 1864 Ld. Tennyson Aylmer's Field in Enoch Arden, etc. 86 The poor child of shame. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > manner of death > [noun] > shameful death shames death (deid, dede, etc.)a1300 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [noun] > death shames death (deid, dede, etc.)a1300 a1300 Cursor Mundi 1619 He suar his ath Þat þai suld all thole schammes deid. c1386 G. Chaucer Merchant's Tale 1133 God yeve yow bothe on shames deeth to dyen! c1440 Bone Flor. 1823 God gyf the schames dedd. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 7829 Þai had aftir an yuel spede, Shames deed or outelawde. 16.. Sir John Butler iv, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1889) III. vi. 330/1 A shames death may hee dye! ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [noun] > infliction of disgrace shamec975 c975 Rushw. Gosp. Mark xii. 4 Mið scomum miclum togiworhtun [L. contumeliis affecerunt]. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 85 Inhis eare hehefde..al þe scharen & alþe scheome. þet eare muchte iheren. 1526 W. Bonde Rosary sig. Biiv Than began all the multytude with most shame and abhominacion..to spytte in thy blessed face. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [noun] > that which is disgraceful shamea1300 ignominy1564 shamefulness1564 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > be disgraced [verb (intransitive)] > do something disgraceful to do shamea1300 a1300 Cursor Mundi 25497 Ken us lauerd, for þi nam, Forsak bat sin and scam. c1386 G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Tale 295 Men may wel often fynde A lordes sone do shame and vileynye. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 63 Be layth alway to do amis or schame. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13704 He cast hym by course..To venge of his vilany & his vile schame. a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 104 If that degenerous Vice possess thee, hide thy self in the shadow of thy shame, and pollute not noble society. 5. a. Used predicatively (without article) for: A fact or circumstance which brings disgrace or discredit (to a person, etc.); matter for severe reproach or reprobation. Now poetic. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [noun] > cause of disgrace > fact or circumstance shamea1000 a great shame1390 a1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 100 Micel hynd and sceamu [uerecundia] hyt is menn nelle wesan þæt þæt he ys. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11956 Forr þatt wass alls he wisste itt wel Hiss aȝhenn shame & shande. c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 72 It is schame to written it but more to done it in dede. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 505 And shame it is, if a preest take keep A shiten Shepherde and a clene sheep. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 83 Thys ys not only grete hurte to the commyn wele, but also grete schame & dyshonowre to our cuntrey. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 87 For first to lofe and syne to lak, Peter! it is schame. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. i. 239 Now afore God tis shame such wrongs are borne, In him a royall Prince. View more context for this quotation 1785 W. Cowper Tirocinium in Task 78 Truths..That 'tis our shame and mis'ry not to learn. View more context for this quotation 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. x. 235 It were shame to our profession were we to suffer it. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xlvii. 70 She..holds it sin and shame to draw The deepest measure from the chords. View more context for this quotation 1896 A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad v. 9 Some lads there are, 'tis shame to say, That only court to thieve. b. Similarly a shame, a great shame. Now common in colloquial use. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [noun] > cause of disgrace > fact or circumstance shamea1000 a great shame1390 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 28 Which were a schame unto his trowthe. c1450 Mirk's Festial 27 Hit was a gret schame to all hom þat werne gret clerkes. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 16v If it be a shame for..a pleadar of causes to be ignorant of the lawe wherein he dealeth, a greater shame is it for a professor of husbandry, to be vnskilful in the ground whereon his whole trade lyeth. 1648 Hunting of Fox 36 'Tis a foul shame that you should be last in returning to a sence of your duty. 1663 S. Pepys Diary 19 Jan. (1971) IV. 17 They..pay 15, or 20 sometimes, per cent for their money—which is a most horrid shame. 1799 H. Lee Canterbury Tales (ed. 2) I. 199 What a shame yon pretty cot should be suffered to go to ruin! 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas III. vii. v. 66 It was a burning shame to see such a waste of provisions. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering II. 334 I envy you the concatenation, Colonel—it is a shame to me not to have drawn the same conclusion. 1858 S. Brooks Gordian Knot (1860) xvi. 119 ‘It's a —— shame’, jerked out Mr. Spenser. 1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt II. xxii. 107 It's a sin and a shame. 1889 J. K. Jerome Three Men in Boat 166 George said it was a wicked shame of Mrs. G. c. Occasionally in non-predicative use: A disgraceful thing, something to be ashamed of. poetic. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [noun] > cause of disgrace shendship1303 stone of stumbling (scandal, slander, etc.)a1382 lackc1480 dishonour1553 discredit1574 disgrace1590 shame1609 opprobrium1656 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets lxi. sig. Ev Into my deeds to prye, To find out shames and idle houres in me. View more context for this quotation 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam l. 73 Shall he for whose applause I strove..See with clear eye some hidden shame And I be lessen'd in his love? View more context for this quotation 1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud xxvi. iv, in Maud & Other Poems 99 A peace that was full of wrongs and shames. 6. a. A person or thing that is a cause or source of disgrace. Const. to, of, †on. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [noun] > cause of disgrace > person or thing sinc1300 shamea1586 bysen1805 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. i. sig. O3 That only I..should become a plague to my selfe and a shame to womankind. a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. v. 2 You Shames of Rome. View more context for this quotation 1668 J. Owen Nature Indwelling-sin xiii. 203 It may be this day you had been a terrour to your selves, a shame to your relations. 1681 C. Cotton Wonders of Peake 76 Environ'd round with Natures shames and Ills, Black Heaths, wild Rocks, bleak Craggs, and naked Hills. 1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 40 Erasmus, that great, injur'd Name, (The Glory of the Priesthood, and the Shame!). 1757 T. Gray Ode II ii. iii, in Odes 18 Ye Towers of Julius, London's lasting shame. 1778 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. Digest 113 Colleges of Agriculture, reared in those Wastes which are now a shame on their Country. 1819 P. B. Shelley Cenci iii. i. 47 Nature casts him off, who is her shame. b. colloquial. A thing which is shockingly ugly or indecent, or of disgracefully bad quality. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior thing > [noun] poornessa1382 chaffc1386 cold roast?1406 arse-guta1413 short end1560 under-kind1571 inferior1589 canvas-back1605 underthing1620 under-sort1655 wasteling1750 slouch1767 shamea1771 neck beefa1777 rep1786 wastrel1790 wastera1800 shoddy1862 piece1884 tinhorn1887 robbo1897 cheapie1898 buckeye1906 reach-me-down1916 dog1917 stinkeroo1934 bodgie1964 cheapo1975 a1771 T. Gray Candidate (?1780) 1 His nose is a shame, and his eyes are so lewd! 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. v. 95 Luckie Finniston sent up three [hens] that were a shame to be seen. 1880 Ld. Tennyson Village Wife vii An' 'e bowt little statutes all-naäkt an' which was a shaame to be seen. 7. concrete. The privy members or ‘parts of shame’. Now rare or Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > sex organs > [noun] shapea1000 shameOE i-cundeOE memberc1300 privy memberc1325 kindc1330 privitiesc1375 harness1382 shameful parts1382 genitoriesa1387 partc1390 tailc1390 genitalsa1393 thingc1405 genitalc1450 privy parts1533 secret1535 loin?1541 genitures1548 filthy parts1553 shamefulness1561 ware1561 meatc1564 natural places1569 secret members1577 lady ware1592 natural parts1601 lady's ware1608 gear1611 private parts1623 groin1631 pudendums1634 natural1650 privacies1656 sex1664 secrecyc1675 nudities1677 affair1749 sexual parts1753 person1824 sex organ1847 privates1940 naughty bits1972 OE Genesis 942 Het heora sceome þeccan frea frumhrægle. c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 470/23 Preputia, scama, þa wæpenlican limo. a1300 Cursor Mundi 2026 His midelst þat hight cam, Bihild, and sagh his fader schame. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 351 Ðo gunen he same sriden, And limes in leues hiden. 1584 B. R. tr. Herodotus Famous Hyst. ii. f. 86 Other [women] cast vp their clothes, & openly discouer and bewray their shame. 1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 3 Then fig-tree fannes uppon their shame they wore. 1611 Bible (King James) Rev. xvi. 15 Least hee walke naked, and they see his shame . View more context for this quotation 1795 C. R. Hopson tr. C. P. Thunberg Trav. (ed. 2) II. 78 The Hottentots universally wore a bag just before the parts of shame.] 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xv. [Circe] 510 And with loving pencil you shaded my eyes, my bosom and my shame. Phrases P1. to have shame: to be ashamed, feel ashamed. Const. of, infinitive, that. Now poetic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > be ashamed [verb (intransitive)] to have shamec888 forshamec897 (it) shames mec897 shamec897 ashamec1000 to think shamec1450 to take shame to (unto, upon) oneself1509 blush1530 curl1913 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xi. §1 Hi habbað sceame þæs welan gif hi ne beoð swa æþele on gebyrdum swa hi woldon. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 137 And þere mide hine aleseð of scome þe he habben sculde ȝif he heo ne ȝef. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) xii. 133 Sche had gret schame, that sche hadde a Child. c1400 Rule St. Benet (Prose) 30 Þat tay haue shame of þair faute. c1480 (a1400) St. Peter 535 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 22 Sic schent and schame at hart had he. c1480 (a1400) St. Machor 1014 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 30 Alswa had he schame to tell quhy [etc.]. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Vision of Sin in Poems (new ed.) II. 217 Sit thee down, and have no shame, Cheek by jowl, and knee by knee. P2. to think shame, to be ashamed. (Occasionally to think it shame.) Const. of, for, infinitive, or that... ΚΠ c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14397 For mucchel scome heom þuhte þat wepmen heom ne rohte. a1400 St. Alexius (Vernon MS.) 5 To seruen god þhuȝte him no schome. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 636 Þar for thoght þam þen na scham. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 868 Vs thoght scam þe to bide. b. In the 15th cent. this construction gave place to that in which the verb is the personal think v.2 Now somewhat archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > be ashamed [verb (intransitive)] to have shamec888 forshamec897 (it) shames mec897 shamec897 ashamec1000 to think shamec1450 to take shame to (unto, upon) oneself1509 blush1530 curl1913 c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 85 When þe preste hard þis, onone he thoght shame. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xi. l. 517 And for his wrang reyff othir he sall think scham, Or de tharfor. 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. I1v And all my Fame that liues disbursed be, To those that liue and thinke no shame of me. View more context for this quotation 1648 J. Beaumont Psyche i. lxxxi. 7 And then eleven great Starrs thought it no shame To come before me, and to do like them. 1724–7 A. Ramsay Wyfe of Auchtermuchty xv I trow the man thocht mekle schame. a1791 F. Grose Olio (1796) 108 He ought to think shame of himself for such treatment. 1816 W. Scott Black Dwarf ix, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. I. 173 Think na ye shame o' yoursels, to come here..to frighten a lone widow woman? 1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xviii. 187 Men thought it shame to dwell at such a time under the shadow of a house. 1886 R. L. Stevenson Kidnapped i. 6 Can you forget..old friends..? Fie, fie; think shame! 1932 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Sunset Song ii. 127 She might think shame to curse and swear with her father lying at death's door there. 1960 Afr. Affairs 59 18 Nor need they think shame to themselves that they still need all the outside help they can get. 1998 Mirror (Nexis) 13 Nov. 1 The people..who knew about this should think shame of themselves for doing nothing about it. P3. to take shame. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > be disgraced [verb (intransitive)] to take shame1338 shenda1366 1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 323 Grete pite it was, þat þe hede of Cristendam Suld for any trespas take so foule a scham. b. To conceive shame, feel ashamed; to accept blame or disgrace as merited; to acknowledge that one is in fault. More fully to take shame to (unto, upon) oneself. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > be ashamed [verb (intransitive)] to have shamec888 forshamec897 (it) shames mec897 shamec897 ashamec1000 to think shamec1450 to take shame to (unto, upon) oneself1509 blush1530 curl1913 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1845) xxxii. 156 I was not proude, I toke of him no shame. 1607 B. Barnes Divils Charter i. iii. B 2 Take to thee Gismond both the skorne and shame. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) ii. iii. 38 I doe repent me, as it is an euill, And take the shame with ioy. View more context for this quotation 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 448. ⁋3 I take shame upon myself for this Crime. 1727 A. Boyer Dictionaire Royal (rev. ed.) (at cited word) I take shame to my self, that, J'avouë à ma honte, que. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. ii. 52 I take shame to say, that [etc.]. 1869 E. M. Goulburn Pursuit of Holiness x. 91 So long as they take shame to themselves for the evil which is in them. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrespect > insult > [verb (transitive)] heanc950 to say or speak (one) shamec950 to say or speak shame of, on, byc950 affrontc1330 dispersona1400 to say language against1423 insautc1425 contumely1483 cag1504 to put (a person) to villainya1513 fuffle1536 to bring, drive to scorn1569 ascorn1570 affrent1578 injure?a1600 insult1620 to put a scorn on, upon1633 upbraid1665 topa1700 chopse1854 burn1914 rank1934 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [verb (transitive)] to say or speak (one) shamec950 to bring, make to shondOE awemOE shamec1175 unmenskc1225 to bring, shape, turn to shamea1250 to do villainy or a villainy1303 to bring, drive to scornc1320 honisha1325 dishonesta1382 unhonourc1384 defamea1387 slandera1387 disworshipa1450 vituper1484 disfamea1533 to shend ofc1540 defect1542 dishonour1568 disgrace1573 escandalize1574 mishonour1576 yshend1579 scandalize1583 traduce1605 beclown1609 dedecorate1609 disdignify1625 vilify1651 lynch1836 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > slander or calumniate [verb (transitive)] to say or speak shame of, on, byc950 teleeOE sayOE to speak evil (Old English be) ofc1000 belie?c1225 betell?c1225 missayc1225 skandera1300 disclanderc1300 wrenchc1300 bewrayc1330 bite1330 gothele1340 slanderc1340 deprave1362 hinderc1375 backbite1382 blasphemec1386 afamec1390 fame1393 to blow up?a1400 defamea1400 noise1425 to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445 malignc1450 to speak villainy of1470 infame1483 injury1484 painta1522 malicea1526 denigrate1526 disfamea1533 misreporta1535 sugill?1539 dishonest?c1550 calumniate1554 scandalize1566 ill1577 blaze1579 traduce1581 misspeak1582 blot1583 abuse1592 wronga1596 infamonize1598 vilify1598 injure?a1600 forspeak1601 libel1602 infamize1605 belibel1606 calumnize1606 besquirt1611 colly1615 scandala1616 bedirt1622 soil1641 disfigurea1643 sycophant1642 spatter1645 sugillate1647 bespattera1652 bedung1655 asperse1656 mischieve1656 opprobriatea1657 reflect1661 dehonestate1663 carbonify1792 defamate1810 mouth1810 foul-mouth1822 lynch1836 rot1890 calumny1895 ding1903 bad-talk1938 norate1938 bad-mouth1941 monster1967 c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Luke xi. 45 Nobis contumeliam facis us sceoma ðu does. a1200 Vices & Virtues 51 Alle ðe scames and ðe bismeres ðe hie arrer him hadde idon. a1225 Leg. Kath. 349 Ah gað ȝet & seggeð scheome bi ure undeadliche godes. a1250 Owl & Nightingale 363 Yet þu me seyst an oþer schome Þat ich an on Myn eye lome. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 3239 Hii þoȝte to do þis lond ssame. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 467 Ne a trewe louere may me nat blame Thaw that I speke a fals louere sum schame. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. xxvii. 457 The letter spak shame by her and by sir launcelot. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Dan. xi. C A prynce shal stoppe him, to do him a shame. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Sam. xx. 34 Hee was grieued for Dauid, because his father had done him shame . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. iii. 97 If thou..teach thy hastie spleene to do me shame . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 79 Why giue you me this shame? View more context for this quotation P5. to put to shame: to bring into disgrace, bring disgrace upon; also figurative to outshine, eclipse. Similarly, to bring, †shape, †turn to shame. Also †to go to shame, to be ruined or spoilt. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [verb (transitive)] to say or speak (one) shamec950 to bring, make to shondOE awemOE shamec1175 unmenskc1225 to bring, shape, turn to shamea1250 to do villainy or a villainy1303 to bring, drive to scornc1320 honisha1325 dishonesta1382 unhonourc1384 defamea1387 slandera1387 disworshipa1450 vituper1484 disfamea1533 to shend ofc1540 defect1542 dishonour1568 disgrace1573 escandalize1574 mishonour1576 yshend1579 scandalize1583 traduce1605 beclown1609 dedecorate1609 disdignify1625 vilify1651 lynch1836 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [verb (transitive)] > put to shame shendc825 ofshameOE forlesec1200 to bring, shape, turn to shamea1250 to put to shamea1250 confoundc1290 confusec1350 rebuke1529 beshame?1567 disgrace1593 outshame1824 the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] > put in the shade or put to shame shamec1400 to put down1494 extinguish1551 stain1557 overshadow1581 cloud1582 defacea1592 shend1596 to lay up1601 to shine down1623 dazzle1643 umbrage1647 foila1687 efface1717 eclipse1718 shade?1748 put into the shade1796 to take the shine out of (less frequently from, U.S. off)1819 to put to shame1854 to leave (a person) standing1864 to lay over1869 blanket1884 upstage1921 a1250 Owl & Nightingale 522 Hwenne þu hauest ido þi gome Þi stefne goþ anon to schome [Cotton MS. shome]. c1290 Sancta Crux 398 in S. Eng. Leg. 12 Cristine men þat he miȝte i-finde Alle he brouȝte to schame. a1440 Sir Degrev. 127 He sey, ‘Alle ȝoode to schome!’ And went one hys wey. 1445 tr. Claudian's De Consulatu Stilichonis in Anglia (1905) 28 269 With her also thou puttist to shame her loothsom norice ambicion. c1480 (a1400) St. Paul 521 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 44 He schupe þam all to schame, þat euir trowit in cristis name. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xi. l. 1018 The Roman bukis at than was in Scotland He gart be brocht to scham quhar thai thaim fand. 1611 Bible (King James) Heb. vi. 6 They crucifie to themselues the Sonne of God afresh, and put him to an open shame. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iv. iv. 60 A Slaue, that still an end, turnes me to shame. View more context for this quotation 1752 ‘Sir H. Beaumont’ tr. Attiret Acc. Emp. China's Garden 29 If any one of them is caught in the Fact [i.e. Thieving] he is brought to Shame. 1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 245 Has time worn out, or fashion put to shame, Good sense, good health, good conscience, and good fame? 1854 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes (1855) II. iii. 23 No young woman of this year has come near her: those of past seasons she has distanced, and utterly put to shame. 1865 F. Parkman Huguenots i, in Pioneers of France in New World 5 Every ship from the New World came freighted with marvels which put the fictions of chivalry to shame. P6. a. for shame: from a sense of shame, because one feels shame; also, for fear of shame, in order to avoid shame; so †for shame of, in order not to bring shame upon. Also for shame's sake. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > [adverb] > from a sense of or to avoid shame for shamec900 for shame ofc1405 for shame's sake1823 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > expression of disgrace or dishonour [phrase] > you should be ashamed for shamec1405 c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1899) iv. xxiv. 482 Þonne aras he for scome from þæm symble. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 16971 Forr þi þatt he ne mihhte nohht. O daȝȝ forr shame lernenn. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 44 Saue þt the name of soueraynetee That wolde he haue for shame of his degree. 1592 F. Moryson Let. 21 Oct. in Itinerary (1617) i. 38 When I looked my face in a glasse, I could not for shame take this course. 1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Bv He red for shame, but frostie in desier. View more context for this quotation 1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward III. x. 270 I will grant you as fair terms as for very shame's sake you ought to ask in my present condition. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Vivien in Idylls of King 130 The shame that cannot be explain'd for shame. b. esp. in adjuration or remonstrance. Hence often as an int. = ‘shame on you!’ ‘you should be ashamed’; also fie for shame! (see fie int. 1). ΚΠ a1300 Cursor Mundi 2794 For scam ne dos þam na males. c1374 G. Chaucer Anelida & Arcite 272 Mi swete fo, whi do ye so, for shame. c1412 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 1057 Ffor shame! why makest þou al this wo? 1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle iv. ii. sig. Dii Canst yu for shame deny it. 1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. D For shame he cries, let go, and let me go. View more context for this quotation a1642 J. Suckling Poems 14 in Fragmenta Aurea (1646) Why so pale and wan..Quit, quit for shame. 1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals ii. ii Lucy. For shame now! here is some one coming. 1840 W. M. Thackeray Shabby Genteel Story v At which remark..Miss Caroline very properly said ‘For shame, Becky!’ 1851 S. Warner Wide Wide World II. xxx. 14 ‘Oh, William!—William!—for shame! for shame!’ said Ellen again. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [adverb] > in order to put to shame in shame of1596 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 101 To put a gluue vpon the poynte of ane speir in exprobratione and schame of him quha crakit his creddence. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. ii. 41 The Gods do this in shame of Cowardice. View more context for this quotation P8. to one's shame, so as to cause one shame, in a way that brings one discredit. Also parenthetically, with ellipsis of ‘be it spoken’. In early use also †to or †for (one) to shame. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [adverb] shamelyc1200 shendfully?c1225 to one's shamec1275 shamefullya1300 despitouslyc1320 foula1325 shondfullyc1330 inhonestly1340 shendshipfully1388 dishonestlyc1430 shamouslyc1440 ignominiously1553 slanderously1563 reproachfully1567 opprobriously1569 ingloriously1576 dishonourably1590 indignly1593 disgracefully1604 despitely1619 vituperiously1632 to a reproacha1715 shaming1970 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10482 Heore ȝelp & heore gome ilomp heom-seoluen to scame. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Cor. vi. 5 I seie to ȝoure schame. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 30 And yit for Demephon to schame Into this dai it berth the name. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Miiii His creditours claymeth dette of hym, to his peyne & great shame. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. i. 93 For my part I may speake it to my shame, I haue a truant beene to Chiualrie. View more context for this quotation 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering III. viii. 145 It is greatly to the shame of our young lover's apprehension, that [etc.]. 1835 T. B. Macaulay in G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay (1876) I. 444 I read some of his Dialogues of the Dead when I was thirteen; and to my shame, I never..read a line of him since. P9. a. In ejaculatory formulae of imprecation or indignant disapproval, as (a) shame (or †a shame) betide (take, etc.)..!; (b) shame to or on..!; (c) (the) more shame for..; (d) shame! simply. Also for shame! (see Phrases 6b); (e) used simply in South African English, as an expression of sympathy or pleasure. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pleasure > exclamation of pleasure [interjection] shamea1352 yo-hah1744 hully gee1895 yummy1899 hot dog1906 hot diggety dog1923 how about that?1939 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > expressions of disapproval [phrase] shamea1352 I like that1720 to go up (also down) one1909 it's (just) not on1935 a bit off1966 the mind > emotion > compassion > expression of pity [interjection] > expression of sympathy shamea1352 (a) (b)a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 167 Now shame vpon you where she does or no. View more context for this quotation1743 A. Pope Dunciad (rev. ed.) i. 113 Now (shame to Fortune!) an ill Run at Play Blank'd his bold visage.1819 P. B. Shelley Cenci v. ii. 86 Shame on these tears!1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! xv It can't be expected, and no shame to them!(c)a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iv. iv. 130 The more shame for him, that he sends it me. View more context for this quotation1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. vi. §16 Did they not? the more shame for them: and if they did, the more shame for this great Rabbi thus to belie them.1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) vi. 56 ‘Ah! true! more shame for him,’ thought Walter.(d)a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. iv. 65 Shame it selfe, Why do you make such faces? View more context for this quotation1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 21. ⁋13 The whole Town cries out, Shame! That one of his Coat should be such an Atheist?1838 M. Howitt Birds & Flowers 64 Oh, shame, that ever it hath been said, That bloody war is a glorious trade!1848 Times 14 Nov. 5/2 A great many voices cried out ‘Shame! shame!’1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 29 Jan. 5/1 Sir Michael Hicks-Beach's proposal..elicited cries of ‘Shame!’ from the Irish benches.(e)1932 Grocott's Daily Mail (Grahamstown, S. Afr.) 9 Jan. 3 During the address of our local dairy representatives..I heard several murmurs of Oh! and Shame! and grant the statements were given in a manner that commanded much sympathy.1952 N. Gordimer Soft Voice of Serpent (1953) i. 6 ‘Shame, isn't he a funny old man,’ she said.1976 Sunday Times (Johannesburg) 14 Nov. Oh, look, look!..those foals. Oh, shame, aren't they sweet.a1352 L. Minot Poems (1914) ii. 12 Schame bityde þe Skottes for þai er full of gile. c1400 Rom. Rose 4267 God yeve him shame! 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 968 Shame come to him that is the cause thereof. 1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 iii. i. 307 Then a shame take all. b. to cry shame on, upon, †of: to express vigorous reprobation of. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > denunciation > denounce [verb (transitive)] denouncea1400 proclaim?a1513 prescrive1562 aban1565 denunciate1593 to cry shame on, upon, of1600 to call down1605 to declaim against1611 declaim1614 proscribe1622 mouth1743 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iv. i. 122 Why doth not euery earthly thing, Cry shame vpon her? View more context for this quotation 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 155 Don Jean..commended highly the valour of our men, and cried shame upon the cowardise of his owne. 1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 270 The People cried shame of them. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 360 The pavement was detestable: all foreigners cried shame upon it. Compounds C1. General attributive, as (sense 7). a. shame-cloth n. ΚΠ 1963 M. Laurence Tomorrow-tamer 226 Not yet five years old, she wore only a shamecloth, a mere flutter of red and beaded rag around her middle and between her legs. shame-rag n. ΚΠ 1938 R. Graves Coll. Poems 166 Those froward hermits..Wore but a shame-rag, dusk or dawn, And rolled in thorny places. b. shame-burnt adj. ΚΠ 1849 A. Helps Friends in Council II. i. ii. 29 The shrinking, downcast, shame-burnt woman. shame-closing adj. ΚΠ 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. iv. [Calypso] 54 She blinked up out of her avid shameclosing eyes. shame-eaten adj. ΚΠ 1859 G. Meredith Ordeal Richard Feverel I. xi. 166 His diversion only irritated and confused our shame-eaten youth. shame-making adj. ΚΠ 1934 R. Macaulay Going Abroad xxxv. 297 He adoring some one else, that was shame-making and humbling too. 1977 D. Ramsay You can't call it Murder i. 26 Nothing to do with her, thank God. Offering such thanks was shame-making. shame-proof adj. ΚΠ 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 508 We are shame proofe my Lord. View more context for this quotation shame-shrunk adj. ΚΠ 1631 F. Quarles Hist. Samson Med. xvi. 97 Wee can trample Vpon our shame shrunke cloakes, by your example. shame-sick adj. ΚΠ 1605 G. Ellis Lament. Lost Sheepe lxxv. sig. Gv With shame-sick Adam haue I hid my head. shame-stricken adj. ΚΠ 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xxix. 256 Heart-stained, and shame-stricken, he stood at the bed's foot. shame-swollen adj. ΚΠ 1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. F3 Would you..gesse it were possible for anie shame-swoln toad to haue the spet-proofe face to outliue this disgrace? shame-wounded adj. ΚΠ 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses i. iii. [Proteus] 48 Our souls, shamewounded by our sins, cling to us yet more. C2. shame culture n. a culture in which conformity of behaviour is maintained through the individual's fear of being shamed. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > a civilization or culture > [noun] > other types of civilizations or cultures economy1535 patriarchy1868 by-world1872 Western world1894 overworld1895 open society1911 pao-chia1931 closed society1935 plural society1939 technopolis1946 shame culture1947 19841951 Hollerith1957 metaculture1959 underground1959 permissive society1960 caring society1966 technocomplex1968 microsociety1970 overground1971 Manhattanism1978 1947 R. Benedict Chrysanthemum & Sword x. 223 True shame cultures rely on external sanctions for good behaviour. 1953 M. B. Singer in Piers & Singer Shame & Guilt ii. iii. 56 I shall consider whether the test data support the conclusion that American Indian cultures are predominantly shame cultures. 1977 A. Giddens Stud. in Social & Polit. Theory 393 Some anthropologists have sought to contrast the ‘guilt cultures’ of Western Europe with ‘shame cultures’. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > unspecified types > [noun] whalec950 tumbrelc1300 sprout1340 squame1393 codmop1466 whitefish1482 lineshark?a1500 salen1508 glaucus1509 bretcock1522 warcodling1525 razor1530 bassinatc1540 goldeney1542 smy1552 maiden1555 grail1587 whiting1587 needle1589 pintle-fish1591 goldfish1598 puffin fish1598 quap1598 stork1600 black-tail1601 ellops1601 fork-fish1601 sea-grape1601 sea-lizard1601 sea-raven1601 barne1602 plosher1602 whale-mouse1607 bowman1610 catfish1620 hog1620 kettle-fish1630 sharpa1636 carda1641 housewifea1641 roucotea1641 ox-fisha1642 sea-serpent1646 croaker1651 alderling1655 butkin1655 shamefish1655 yard1655 sea-dart1664 sea-pelican1664 Negro1666 sea-parrot1666 sea-blewling1668 sea-stickling1668 skull-fish1668 whale's guide1668 sennet1671 barracuda1678 skate-bread1681 tuck-fish1681 swallowtail1683 piaba1686 pit-fish1686 sand-creeper1686 horned hog1702 soldier1704 sea-crowa1717 bran1720 grunter1726 calcops1727 bennet1731 bonefish1734 Negro fish1735 isinglass-fish1740 orb1740 gollin1747 smelt1776 night-walker1777 water monarch1785 hardhead1792 macaw-fish1792 yellowback1796 sea-raven1797 blueback1812 stumpnose1831 flat1847 butterfish1849 croppie1856 gubbahawn1857 silt1863 silt-snapper1863 mullet-head1866 sailor1883 hogback1893 skipper1898 stocker1904 1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xviii. 174 Yards or shamefishes (Colybelenæ). 1672 J. Josselyn New-Englands Rarities 32 Yardfish, Asses Prick or Shame~fish. shameworthy adj. of which one ought to be ashamed. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [adjective] shondly888 frakeda900 shondfula900 foulOE shendful?c1225 shamelyc1275 shendlyc1275 shamefulc1330 villain1338 inhonest1340 shameworthy1382 shendshipful1382 dishonestc1386 slanderous1402 defamable?a1439 defamousc1450 misshamefulc1450 vituperablec1450 ignominious?a1475 shamevousc1475 inhominious1490 opprobrious?1510 opprobrousc1530 rebukeful1530 dishonourable1533 reproachful1534 disworshipful1539 dedecoratec1540 contumelious1546 spiteful1550 ignomious1571 inglorious1573 disgraceful1595 disgracive1602 vituperous1610 vituperious1612 disgracious1615 disparageable1617 propudious1629 deflowering1642 scandalized1664 dedecorous1755 disgracing1807 vituperate1832 vituperated1842 mighty1889 soddish1922 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Lev. xvi. 4 And with lynnen breches he shal hile the shame worthi [a1425 L.V. schamefast] membres. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxiv. 855 If they begin once to shame at that which is not shame~worthy. 1802 C. Lamb Let. 24 Sept. in Lett. C. & M. A. Lamb (1976) II. 70 If I should have formed a diabolical resolution..of not admitting any spirituous liquors into my house, will you be my guest on such shame worthy terms? This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2022). shameadj. U.S. regional (chiefly in African-American usage) and Caribbean. Ashamed; embarrassed. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > [adjective] ashamedOE shamefastc1275 shamefulc1440 hontous?1473 vergoynous1484 shamed1508 shamefaced1873 shame1883 1883 J. C. Harris Nights with Uncle Remus 345 Mr. Lion, he hol' he head one side en try ter look 'shame'. 1927 R. E. Kennedy Gritny People 35 Unc' Nat, ain't you shame? 1961 I. Khan Jumbie Bird vi. 81 First I was shame, how I go look at my family an' them in their face when I ain't have a black cent. 2020 @KandiiKay95 27 Feb. in twitter.com (accessed 26 June 2020) I feel so shame for him. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022). shamev. 1. a. intransitive. To feel or conceive shame; to become or be ashamed. Const. of, at, with, for. Obsolete exc. dialect (see Eng. Dial. Dict.).In Old English with genit. of cause, also of reflexive pron. = to be ashamed of oneself. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > be ashamed [verb (intransitive)] to have shamec888 forshamec897 (it) shames mec897 shamec897 ashamec1000 to think shamec1450 to take shame to (unto, upon) oneself1509 blush1530 curl1913 c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care lii. 409 Ðios sæ cwið ðæt ðu ðin scamige, Sidon. OE Beowulf 1026 No he þære feohgyfte for sceotendum scamigan ðorfte. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 231 Nalde þe cnicht beon sari & scheome ful sare. a1240 Ureisun in Old Eng. Hom. I. 185 Þe sunne..leoseþ here liht and scomeþ aȝein þi brihte leor of hir þesturnesse. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 7159 Þai salle swa schame ay of þair syn. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17429 Wit þis word scomed þan þe Iuus. c1440 Alphabet of Tales 120 Som þat shamyd with þer syn, went & shrafe þaim clene þerof. 1534 in T. Wright Three Chapters Lett. Suppression Monasteries (1843) 49 He hath a brasyn forehed, which shameth at nothing. ?a1586 A. Montgomerie Misc. Poems (1887) xxxii. 50 I thank my God I shame not of my shap. 1588 R. Greene Pandosto sig. E3 And yet Dorastus shame not at thy shepheards weede. 1606 W. Crashaw Falsificationum Romanarum 52 The brazen face of the whore of Babylon, who shames with no sinne. 1651 J. Jane Εικων Ακλαστος 95 They..shame not at such assertions of falshood as common States blush to be detected of. 1665 H. Ashurst Let. 2 Nov. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) II. 573 I doe very much shame at my mistak as your leter expreseth for my full purpose was humbly to entreat my Lord Chancelers advic with your owne about the peticion, not my Lord Chamberlin. b. With clause expressing the reason. archaic. ΚΠ c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care x. 62 Gif we ðonne scomiað þæt we to uncuðum monnum swelc sprecen. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xi. l. 491 Schamys thow nocht that thow neuir ȝeit did gud? 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. H4 Thou sing'st not in the day, As shaming anie eye should thee behold. View more context for this quotation 1847 C. Norton Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap-bk. 28 I shame that a creature so light, should bid me thus quiver and bleed. c. Const. to (or †for to) and infinitive. Now rare. ΚΠ c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xx. 89 Men and wymmen..schamez noȝt for to schew þam as Godd made þam. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vii. 436 Ȝhe aucht to shame..For to schut at me on Fer! a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. xx Elyzabeth..shamyd not for Crystis sake to wesshe ye Sorys & Bylis of Lazars. a1542 T. Wyatt Coll. Poems (1969) 8 Nowe shameth he not on me for to complain. 1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor ii. ii. sig. E2 Art thou a man? and sham'st thou not to beg? View more context for this quotation 1659 J. Milton Considerations touching Hirelings To Parl. sig. A10 Clergie; who shame not..to maintain..thir Popish and oft refuted positions. 1840 Lady C. M. C. Bury Hist. Flirt xv A folly I shamed to confess. 1862 D. M. Mulock Domest. Stories 210 I shame to say that [etc.]. 2. impersonal transitive, as in (it) shames me = I am ashamed. Const. to (or for to) and infinitive, a clause, or for; in Old English also genitive of cause. In later use only with it. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > be ashamed [verb (intransitive)] to have shamec888 forshamec897 (it) shames mec897 shamec897 ashamec1000 to think shamec1450 to take shame to (unto, upon) oneself1509 blush1530 curl1913 c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxi. 164 Oððe hwa bið gescended, ðæt me forðæm ne scamige? c1000 Ælfric Genesis ii. 25 Hi wæron þa butu nacode..and him þæs ne sceamode. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2422 Him swiðe scomede. þat he swa i-scend wes. c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 22 Delve may Y not, and me shameþ for to begge. c1386 G. Chaucer Man of Law's Prol. 3 To asken help thee shameth in thyn herte. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur viii. xxxix. 332 Me shamed att that tyme to haue more a doo with you. 3. transitive. To feel shame in regard to (a person or thing); to hold in awe or reverence; to dread or shun through shame. Obsolete or archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > awe > be in awe of a person or thing [verb (transitive)] dreadc1175 to stand awe ofc1300 shamec1384 redoubt?c1400 to stand in awe of1483 to be in awe of1553 tender1600 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > revere [verb (transitive)] honourc1275 shamec1384 to hold (also have) (a person or thing) in (great, etc.) reverencec1405 worshipc1450 to have, or hold in veneration?a1475 to worship the ground (a person) walks (also treads) onc1525 reverence1548 revere1558 reverent1565 shrine1592 saint1597 venerate1623 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Heb. xi. 27 Not schamynge, or dredynge [L. non veritus], the hardnesse of the kyng. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Mark xii. 6 For by hap thei schulen schame my sone, or drede with reuerence [L. reverebuntur]. a1592 R. Greene Sc. Hist. Iames IV (1598) v. sig. K My maister sad! (for why he shames the Court) Is fled away. 1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche iii. xxviii. 38 And when at night her love flew to his place, More than afore she shamed his fond embrace. 4. a. To make ashamed, fill with shame, cause to feel shame. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > shame [verb (transitive)] shendc825 shame1530 ashame1591 affront1670 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 701/1 I shame one,..I make one chaunge coloures. 1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 i. iv. 121 To tell thee of whence thou art, from whom deriu'de, Twere shame enough to shame thee, wert thou not shamelesse. 1639 J. Mayne Citye Match iv. v. 43 Then, Sir, she is so modest... The least Obscene word shames her. 1734 A. Pope Epist. to Arbuthnot i. 89 Who shames a Scribler? break one cobweb thro', He spins the slight, self-pleasing thread anew. 1850 Ld. Tennyson Princess (ed. 3) Prol. 7 I wish I were Some mighty poetess, I would shame you then, That love to keep us children! 1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 158 Nay, father,..shame me not Before this noble knight. 1889 J. M. Barrie Window in Thrums xviii. 166 The love Leeby bore for Jamie was such that in their younger days it shamed him. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > be ashamed [verb (reflexive)] shamea1250 a1250 Owl & Night. (Jesus Oxf.) 161 Schomye [Cott. Schamie] þe vor þine vnrede. c1375 Cato 573 in Minor Poems fr. Vernon MS. 603 Þat þou ne const, schome þe not Of oþere to ben I-tauht. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Riii And so he shameth hymselfe. 1825 W. Scott Betrothed xv, in Tales Crusaders II. 325 ‘Rise, rise, De Lacy; and shame thee of thy petition,’ said the King. c. passive. To be ashamed. Const. of, at, for, with, †upon, infinitive, or subordinate clause. Now poetic. ΚΠ c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde v. 1727 For sory of his frendes sorwe he is, And shamed, for his nece hath doon a-mis. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 636 Naked war þai bath tway, þai were noght schamed par ma fay. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 469 So was scho schamed of þe schont þat hire þe shalk made. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8250 Than shamet was the shalke for the shene ladies. 1613 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals I. ii. 31 The flowers pull'd in their heads as being sham'd Their beauties by the others were defam'd. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering II. 69 He's sair shamed o' himsell. 1850 Ld. Tennyson Princess (ed. 3) iii. 53 Pardon, I am shamed That I must needs repeat for my excuse What looks so little graceful. 1877 R. Browning tr. Aeschylus Agamemnon 119 The opposite to say I shall not shamed be. d. to tell (say, speak) the truth and shame the devil: to tell the truth boldly in defiance of temptation to the contrary. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > truthfulness, veracity > speak truly [verb (intransitive)] > regardless of consequences to tell (say, speak) the truth and shame the devil1562 1562 Certayn Serm. preached in Lincs. in H. Latimer 27 Serm. ii. f. 85v There is a common saying amongest vs, Say the truthe and shame the diuel. 1562 T. Wilson Arte Rhetorique 76 b Saie on beast, and shame the deuil. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. i. 55 I can teach thee coose to shame the deuil, By telling truth. Tel truth and shame the deuil. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iv. ii. 110 Now shall the diuel be sham'd. View more context for this quotation 1658 J. Bramhall Consecration Protestant Bishops Justified i. 7 Compell him..to shame the divell, and eate his owne words. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 93 Come, tell Truth, and shame the Devil. 1893 G. Allen Scallywag I. 151 ‘Because he's so much richer’, Paul answered, boldly shaming the devil. 5. a. To inflict or bring disgrace upon; to disgrace, dishonour; to be a cause of disgrace to. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [verb (transitive)] to say or speak (one) shamec950 to bring, make to shondOE awemOE shamec1175 unmenskc1225 to bring, shape, turn to shamea1250 to do villainy or a villainy1303 to bring, drive to scornc1320 honisha1325 dishonesta1382 unhonourc1384 defamea1387 slandera1387 disworshipa1450 vituper1484 disfamea1533 to shend ofc1540 defect1542 dishonour1568 disgrace1573 escandalize1574 mishonour1576 yshend1579 scandalize1583 traduce1605 beclown1609 dedecorate1609 disdignify1625 vilify1651 lynch1836 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 18284 Hefiȝlike he shameþþ þe & shendeþþ & unnwurrþeþþ. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 15209 Þey wyþ tailles þe godeman schamed. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 849 Here may I nat dwelle And shamen al my kynrede in this place. 1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) xv. xii. sig. Fvv/2 Yf it happe that thou be ouercome, thenne arte thou shamyd for euermore. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 701/1 I was of good name and fame afore he shamed me by this yvell reporte. 1556 J. Olde tr. R. Gwalther Antichrist f. 64v This John..shamed the Churche of Rome wonderfully wt his lyuing. 1647 N. Nye Art of Gunnery i. 28 When Gunpowder is moist..it shameth the Gunner which useth it. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 461 Where he fell flat, and sham'd his Worshipers. View more context for this quotation 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 807 Rusting there..What wonder if, discharg'd into the world, They shame their shooters with a random flight. 1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) iv. ii. 125 Doge... Let us go worthy of our sires and selves. Ber. F. I shall not shame you, uncle. 1900 Daily Tel. 18 Oct. 11/1 We tortured no prisoners,..we shamed no women. b. with a thing as object. ΚΠ a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xiii. 10 Þe counsaile of þe helples ȝe shamed. 1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 1124 S. Paule saith, yt euery man which prayeth or precheth wt couered head, shameth his head. 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 427 He..prostitutes and shames His noble office. 1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II ii. viii. 65 If,..there be A land of souls beyond that sable shore, To shame the doctrine of the Sadducee. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Lady Clare in Poems (new ed.) II. 198 O Lady Clare, you shame your worth! 1866 H. Bushnell Vicarious Sacrifice i. v. 111 The losses..that shame his saving work. 6. To confound or put to shame by superior excellence; to outrival. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] > put in the shade or put to shame shamec1400 to put down1494 extinguish1551 stain1557 overshadow1581 cloud1582 defacea1592 shend1596 to lay up1601 to shine down1623 dazzle1643 umbrage1647 foila1687 efface1717 eclipse1718 shade?1748 put into the shade1796 to take the shine out of (less frequently from, U.S. off)1819 to put to shame1854 to leave (a person) standing1864 to lay over1869 blanket1884 upstage1921 c1400 Rule of St. Benet (prose) 47 Bot we..þat er..of febil lif, þis gude lif schamis vs, and confundis. 1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Eiij Wherin she fram'd thee, in hie heauens despight, To shame the sunne by day, and her by night. 1611 Second Maiden's Trag. (1909) iv. iii. 55 How pittie strikes een throughe inscensible thinges And makes them shame our dullnes. 1741 W. Shenstone Judgm. Hercules 82 Her blushing cheeks, that sham'd the purple morn. 1841–4 R. W. Emerson Nature in Wks. (1906) I. 224 Here [i.e. in the forest] is sanctity which shames our religions. 1848 C. Dickens Dombey & Son lviii. 586 My gal who'll soon get better, and shame 'em all with her good looks. 7. a. With adverb complement or adverbial phrase: to drive away (etc.) through shame. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > shame [verb (transitive)] > drive away through shame shame1598 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > drive away > by shame shame1598 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. i. 58 And ile be sworne I haue power to shame him hence. View more context for this quotation c1644 J. Cleveland Rebell Scot in Poems (1659) 53 Hyperbolus by suffering did traduce The Ostracism, and sham'd it out of use. 1682 T. D'Urfey Butler's Ghost 36 My Head's not such a thing of no worth, 'Tis to be sham'd away, and so forth. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 53 You would have shamed despotism from the earth. View more context for this quotation 1859 Habits Good Society 52 The turbulent state of the country..leaving, when bloodshed was shamed back, the same deadly hatred. b. To drive (one) out of, into (a state, course of action, etc.) through shame or fear of shame. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > shame [verb (transitive)] > drive into or out of through shame shame1679 1679 J. Goodman Penitent Pardoned (1713) iii. iv. 330 Railery may go about to shame him out of his course. c1680 W. Beveridge Serm. (1729) II. 545 When the practice of others..shames you into a compliance with them. 1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals Epil. Shamed into sense,..Our beaux from gallantry would soon be wise. 1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VI. xlvi. 81 Philip..shamed his son out of his suspicions by an indignant expostulation. 1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 284 The considerable armament, which the news of Hannibal's triumphant progress through Italy had at last shamed the Carthaginians into raising for him. Derivatives shamed adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > [adjective] ashamedOE shamefastc1275 shamefulc1440 hontous?1473 vergoynous1484 shamed1508 shamefaced1873 shame1883 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > disgrace or dishonour > [adjective] > disgraced or dishonoured shentc1440 hontous?1473 defamed1474 shamed1508 renownless1552 opprobrious1569 distained1590 ruined1596 dishonorate1601 dishonoured1608 disgraceda1616 scandalleda1616 baffled1671 1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 218 Defamyt, blamyt, schamyt primas paganorum. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xviii. sig. Ss7 No, shamed Musidorus, worthie for nothing, but to keepe sheepe. 1874 A. O'Shaughnessy Music & Moonlight 125 In the shamed and the ruined love's stead. 1880 G. Meredith Tragic Comedians II. ix. 139 With..secret aim, which he nursed like a shamed mother of an infant. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < |
随便看 |
英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。