sevenfoldadj.n.adv.

Brit.

/ˈsɛvnfəʊld/, U.S.

/ˈsɛvənˌfoʊld/

Forms: see seven adj. and n. and -fold suffix; also late Old English seofenfealde (as adverb).

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian sawenfald (West Frisian sānfāld ), Old Dutch sivonfalt (Middle Dutch sevenfout , Dutch zevenvoud ), Middle Low German sevenvolt , sovenvolt , sevenvalt , Old High German sibunfalt , sibenfalt (Middle High German sibenvalt , German siebenfalt ), Old Icelandic sjaufaldr , Old Swedish siufalder (Swedish sjufald ), Old Danish sjufold (Danish syvfold ) < the Germanic base of seven adj. + the Germanic base of -fold suffix.Notes on senses. As an epithet of the Nile in sense A. 1a after classical Latin septemplex (in nilus septemplex (Ovid)); the epithet alludes to the fact that the river was divided into seven branches at the point at which it met the Mediterranean in ancient times. In sense A. 1b translating post-classical Latin septiformis septiform adj.¹ With use as adverb compare Old English seofonfealdlīce , adverb (compare -ly suffix²). With sense C. 2 compare fold n.³ 1e. In sense B. 2 after post-classical Latin septuplum, noun (see septuple n.). In sense B. 3 ultimately after ancient Greek ἑβδομάς hebdomad n.

A. adj.

a. Having seven parts, divisions, or elements.Formerly a frequent epithet of the River Nile.

See also sevenfold shield n., sevenfold litany n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [adjective] > sevenfold

sevenfoldOE

seven-doublea1586

sevenfolded1590

septuary1604

septuple1615

septuplicate1632

OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) xvi. 40 Ðæt seofonfealde getæl bið þus þurh us gefylled, gif dægredsang, primsang.., nihtsang bið gefylled þurh ures þeowdomes þenunge.

c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) 32 (MED) Þe imeane blisse is seouenfald [c1225 Royal seoueuald, a1250 Titus seuenfald]: lengðe of lif, wit..ant sikernesse is þe seoueðe.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 268 Þe dede of alle ine mennesse ys zeueuald. Hy lybbeþ, hy smackeþ, hy louyeþ, hy byeþ glede, hy heryeþ, hy byeþ zuyfte, hy byeþ zikere.

a1592 R. Greene Hist. Orlando Furioso (1594) sig. Aiii From seuenfold Nylus to Taprobany.

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 156 The Alcoran bids a seuen-fold daily worship.

1743 A. Pope Dunciad (rev. ed.) i. 244 The Master of the sev'nfold Face.

1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel (1876) 168 A sevenfold period of years.

1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 696/1 A ‘litania septiformis’, that is to say a sevenfold procession of clergy, laity, monks, virgins, matrons, widows, poor, and children.

1992 J. P. Free & H. F. Vos Archaeology & Bible Hist. viii. 95 Four different seven-spouted lamps were found in these early tombs, attesting further to the early date of the concept of the sevenfold lamp.

2015 Parramatta (Austral.) Advertiser (Nexis) 26 Aug. 9 The loss to the community is sevenfold in terms of health, mental health, courts, police, education, productivity and taxes.

b. Theology. Designating the seven spiritual qualities traditionally held by patristic and later Christian authors to be given by the Holy Spirit to the faithful, enumerated in Isaiah 11:1–3a (according to the Vulgate, following the Septuagint) as wisdom, understanding, counsel, knowledge, fortitude, piety, and fear of the Lord; of or relating to these qualities.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > nature or attributes of God > [adjective] > gracious > of or relating to gift from > specific

sevenfoldOE

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxii. 363 We wurþiað þæs halgan gastes tocyme mid lofsangum seofon dagas, for þan ðe he onbryrd ure mod mid seofonfealdre gife.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Ded. l. 301 Þiss sefenn fald godleȝȝc þatt crist. Vss dide þurrh hiss are.

c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 44 Þou art in ȝifte seuenfold, Godus riht hond ffinger art þou.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Ai^v The seuen folde graces of the holy goost.

1563 N. Winȝet tr. St. Vincent of Lérins For Antiq. Catholik Fayth vii. f. 8 Ye seuinfald licht of ye halygaist.

1627 J. Cosin tr. Veni Creator in Coll. Private Devotions 91 Thou the anointing Spirit art, Who dost thy seuen-fold gifts impart.

1693 J. Dryden tr. Veni Creator in Examen Poeticum 308 Plenteous of Grace, descend from high, Rich in thy sev'n-fold Energy!

1827 J. Keble Christian Year II. xcviii. 184 Draw, Holy Ghost, Thy sevenfold veil, Between us and the fires of youth.

2009 J. Bargo Are we there Yet? iii. 39 The seven lamp stands must have seven lamps, which are the sevenfold spirits of the Holy Spirit.

2. Seven times as great or numerous; grown or increased by a factor of seven. Also: that is made, done, or repeated seven times.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [adjective] > seven times as much

sevenfoldOE

sevena1398

OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 66 Iulianus wycode wið þa ea Eufraten, and him oferwacedon syfanfealde weardes [L. septimae excubiae militum].

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xxx. 26 The liȝt of the sunne shal be seuene fold, as the liȝt of seuene daȝes.

1557 R. Record Whetstone of Witte sig. Bii Septupla 7 to 1: 14 to 2..Seuenfolde.

1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. ix. 452/1 Chymists advise a sevenfold rectification.

1743 E. Young Complaint: Night the Fourth 14 And foul Transgression dips in sevenfold Night.

1848 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 3) 216 With A sevenfold blessing and inviolate rest, Yea, with His sabbath.

1908 Grove's Dict. Music IV. 670/2 Among his [sc. Stainer's] most successful..pieces of church music must be named the well-known ‘Sevenfold Amen’.

2019 Scotsman (Nexis) 19 Sept. In 1911 there was one solicitor in England for every 3,000 people. Today there is one for every 400—a sevenfold increase.

3. Seven in number.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [adjective]

sevenOE

septenaryc1484

sevenfolda1555

septenarious1656

septimal1791

a1555 J. Philpot in M. Coverdale Certain Lett. Martyrs (1564) 226 Dyd not Mary Magdalene was the feete of oure Sauiour with her teares, and receaued therwithall remission of her seuenfold sinnes?

1614 A. Gorges tr. Lucan Pharsalia vi. 232 Here stood..Echions Thebes with seauenfolde gates.

a1627 T. Middleton & W. Rowley Old Law (1656) i. 2 Never did Greece..Not when she flourished in her seven fold sages,..Produce a Law more grave and necessary.

1812 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Purgatorio xxxii. 17 I mark'd that glorious army..turn, Against the sun and sevenfold lights, their front.

1887 W. Morris tr. Homer Odyssey I. xi. 199 Thebes of the gates sevenfold.

2017 Russell Sage Found. Jrnl. Social Sci. 3 81 The key elements of the strategy were sevenfold.

†B. n.

1. by (also in) sevenfold: seven times over; by a factor of seven, in the proportion of seven to one. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

OE Ælfric Homily: Sermo ad Populum (Corpus Cambr. 188) in J. C. Pope Homilies of Ælfric (1967) I. 443 Seo sunne and se mona soðlice be seofanfealdum beoð beorhtran þonne hi nu syndon, be þan ðe us secgað bec.

lOE tr. Honorius Augustodunensis Elucidarium in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 144 Hwylce wlite hæfde he æfter þan æriste? Beo seofenfealden brihtere þonne sunne.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Ecclus. vii. 3 Sowe thou not yuels..and thou schalt not repe tho in seuene fold [E.V. a1382 Bodl. 959 in to þe seuenþe fold; L. in septuplum].

a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (1998) I. l. 441 (MED) More þan the sonne by vij folde Ȝit haue þei ioye on him to biholde.

2. An amount or quantity seven times as great as another. Cf. septuple n. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [noun] > multiplication by seven > a sevenfold amount

sevenfolda1382

seven-doublea1500

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. vi. 31 Caȝt therewith forsothe he shal ȝelde the seuene fold [L. septuplum].

3. A group or set of seven things; something with seven facets, parts, or elements. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [noun] > group of seven

septenarya1500

seven1548

sevenfold1548

sevensome1568

septarchy1630

septuary1656

septuplet1795

septet1832

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xxiiii. f. cxcii^v As for Daniel doeth also shewe the tyme of his birth, accoumptyng it by seuens or seuenfoldes of wekes and yeres [L. hebdomadibus], if a man will any thyng curiously serche and trye it out.

1561 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalips iii. 21 The holy ghost where he is but one, for the seuenfolde [L. septemplicem] that is all maner of grace and giftes manifold, is here called, as I may say, Septenarie or of the seuenth numbre.

1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel iv. 165 note Some of the poets have said, who measure age ταῖς ἑβδομάσι, by the sevenfolds.

C. adv.

1. Seven (successive) times, seven times over; by a factor of seven, in the proportion seven to one; (also) †very much, exceedingly (obsolete). Cf. seven adj. 1d.In early use esp. modifying a comparative adjective or adverb: cf. sevensithe adv. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [adverb] > seven times as much

sevensitheOE

sevenfoldlOE

seven-doublec1350

septuply1654

the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > extremely or exceedingly

swithlyc888

micklelyeOE

swith971

hardOE

un-i-fohOE

sevenfoldlOE

unmeet?c1225

innerlyc1330

horribly1340

too1340

sore1474

horriblec1475

vehemently1483

outrageous1487

done?a1513

exquisite1529

strangely1532

exceeding1535

exceedingly1535

angardlyc1540

angerlyc1540

choicec1540

vengeable1542

vengeably?1550

extremelya1554

monstrous1569

thrice1579

amain1587

extremea1591

damnably1598

fellc1600

tyrannically1602

exquisitely1603

damnedly1607

preciously1607

damnablea1616

impensively1620

excellingly1621

main1632

fearful1634

vengeancelya1640

upsy1650

impensely1657

twadding1657

vastly1664

hideous1667

mainly1670

consumed1707

consumedly1707

outrageously1749

damned1757

nation1771

shockingly1777

deuced1779

darn1789

darned1807

felly1807

varsal1814

awful1816

awfy1816

frightfully1816

deucedly1819

dogged1819

awfully1820

gallowsa1823

shocking1831

tremendously1832

everlasting1833

terribly1833

fearfully1835

ripping1838

poison1840

thundering1853

frighteninglyc1854

raring1854

hell's own1863

goldarned1866

goddamned1870

doggone1871

acutely1872

whooping1874

stupidly1878

everlastingly1879

hideously1882

densely1883

storming1883

good and1885

thunderingly1885

crazy1887

tremendous1887

madly1888

goldarn1892

howling1895

murderously1916

rasted1919

goddam1921

bitchingly1923

Christly1923

bitching1929

falling-down1930

lousy1932

appallingly1937

stratospherically1941

Christ almighty1945

effing1945

focking1956

dagnab1961

drop-dead1980

hella1987

totes2006

lOE Salisbury Psalter xi. 7 Eloquia domini eloquia casta, argentum igne examinatum, probatum terrę purgatum septuplum : spæce drihtenes spæc syfre seolfer of fyre amerod, uel minatum, fandad eorþe aclænsod seofenfealde[eOE Royal Psalter aclensod sefonfealdlice].

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 171 Ðe rihtwise shulle ben seuefeald brihtere þane þe sunne.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan. iii. 19 He bad, that the fourneyse shulde be sette on fijre seuen fold, hatter than it was wont for to be tendid.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. ii. 22 For he that sloys [the], yong or old. It shall be punyshid sevenfold.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. i. 281 Plutus the God of Gold Is but his Steward: no meede but he repayes Seuen-fold aboue it selfe.

1632 W. Forster tr. W. Oughtred Circles of Proportion 16 Let the ratio given be septuplicated, that is multiplied sevenfold into it selfe.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 340 The population of some [country towns] has multiplied sevenfold.

2019 Spokesman Rev. (Spokane, Washington) (Nexis) 20 Aug. c3 Greenland's rate of ice loss has increased sevenfold since the 1980s, going from 41 gigatons per year during the 1990s to 286 gigatons in 2016.

†2. In seven folds or coils. Obsolete.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [adverb] > in seven coils

sevenfold1830

1830 Ld. Tennyson Mermaid in Poems 28 That great seasnake..From his coiled sleeps in the central deeps Would slowly trail himself sevenfold Round the hall where I sate.

Compounds

C1.

sevenfold litany n. Christian Church (now historical) the Greater Litany (see Greater and Lesser Litany at litany n. 1a), or an instance of this. [After post-classical Latin Litania Septiformis (8th cent. or earlier), so called from the seven classes of worshipper originally required to process to church to participate in this form of prayer: clergy, laity, monks, virgins, married women, widows, the poor, and children.]

ΚΠ

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) ix. 77 Micel menigu ægðer ge preosthades ge munuchades menn, and þæt læwede folc æfter ðæs eadigan Gregories hæse..to ðam seofonfealdum letanium gecomon.

a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 137 (MED) Let vs..come to sorowes and wepynges of the seven-folde letanye.

1676 T. Comber Compan. Temple (ed. 2) ii. Introd. 7 No wonder if Gregory the Great..living in a time of universal Calamity..did review all the antient Forms, and compose that so famous sevenfold Litany out of them all.

1832 W. Palmer Origines Liturgicae i. ii. 271 Hence when this patriarch gave directions for the celebration of a sevenfold litany, on occasion of a great pestilence, he spoke thus.

1932 J. W. Tyrer Hist. Surv. Holy Week 161 Meanwhile the choir returned into the church and said a sevenfold Litany followed by an interval of silence.

2016 J. F. Romano Liturgy & Society Early Medieval Rome iii. 112 I find it questionable to assert Gregory was an innovator in creating or executing sevenfold litanies or if his predecessors had already made use of them.

C2.

sevenfold shield n. now rare a shield seven layers thick; spec. a mythological shield belonging to the Greek hero Ajax, which was made from seven layers of oxhide covered with a layer of bronze, and allowed him to escape injury in the Trojan War; (also figurative and in figurative contexts) very strong mental or spiritual protection, or a quality, trait, characteristic, etc., which provides this. [Originally after classical Latin clipeus septemplex (compare quot. 1567); in Homer's Iliad (7. 220, 222) the shield is designated by ancient Greek ἑπταβόειος of seven bulls' hides.]

ΚΠ

1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) xiii. f. 157^v The owner of the seuenfold sheeld, too theis did Aiax ryse [L. surgit ad hos clipei dominus septemplicis Aiax].

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. xv. 38 The seuen-fold shield of Aiax cannot keepe the battery from my heart.

1740 C. Cibber Apol. Life C. Cibber 19 What can all the Squirts and Popguns of Jest and Raillery avail against the sevenfold Shield of Confidence and Contempt?

1847 P. Davidson Catechumen 7 No arrow could penetrate their sevenfold shield of hypocrisy.

1947 Times 15 Dec. 7/3 His great seven-volume work..should be in all hands as a sevenfold shield against ignorance.

Derivatives

ˈsevenfoldness n. now rare the quality of consisting of seven parts or elements, or of forming groups of seven.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [noun] > quality of being sevenfold

sevenfoldness1694

1694 T. Beverley Great Charter for Interpretation Prophecy of Scripture 39 These [sc. 390 days] I make Sevenfold, according to the Standard of Seven God so often fixes... And so they comprehend in that Sevenfoldness, (which makes the 390, 2730) the Forty Days of Years of Ezekiels Bearing the Iniquity of the House of Judah, [etc.]

1856 P. Fairbairn Prophecy ii. iii. 306 The sevenfoldness ascribed to it, therefore, must be..seven different states or forms of dominion.

1946 H. W. Percival Thinking & Destiny vii. 256 An Intelligence is one unit having seven faculties, which are inseparable, make up the sevenfoldness of it as an Intelligence as a whole and are conscious immortal witnesses to its unity as an Intelligence.

2003 V. Law Hist. Linguistics in Europe vi. 121 Although the commentator links each vowel with a specific planet, starting with the Moon, closest to the Earth, and finishing with the remotest, Saturn (the three outer planets had not yet been discovered), it is the sevenfoldness which matters most.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	sevenfold
释义	sevenfoldadj.n.adv. Brit. /ˈsɛvnfəʊld/, U.S. /ˈsɛvənˌfoʊld/ Forms: see seven adj. and n. and -fold suffix; also late Old English seofenfealde (as adverb). Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian sawenfald (West Frisian sānfāld ), Old Dutch sivonfalt (Middle Dutch sevenfout , Dutch zevenvoud ), Middle Low German sevenvolt , sovenvolt , sevenvalt , Old High German sibunfalt , sibenfalt (Middle High German sibenvalt , German siebenfalt ), Old Icelandic sjaufaldr , Old Swedish siufalder (Swedish sjufald ), Old Danish sjufold (Danish syvfold ) < the Germanic base of seven adj. + the Germanic base of -fold suffix.Notes on senses. As an epithet of the Nile in sense A. 1a after classical Latin septemplex (in nilus septemplex (Ovid)); the epithet alludes to the fact that the river was divided into seven branches at the point at which it met the Mediterranean in ancient times. In sense A. 1b translating post-classical Latin septiformis septiform adj.¹ With use as adverb compare Old English seofonfealdlīce , adverb (compare -ly suffix²). With sense C. 2 compare fold n.³ 1e. In sense B. 2 after post-classical Latin septuplum, noun (see septuple n.). In sense B. 3 ultimately after ancient Greek ἑβδομάς hebdomad n. A. adj. 1. a. Having seven parts, divisions, or elements.Formerly a frequent epithet of the River Nile. See also sevenfold shield n., sevenfold litany n. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [adjective] > sevenfold sevenfoldOE seven-doublea1586 sevenfolded1590 septuary1604 septuple1615 septuplicate1632 OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) xvi. 40 Ðæt seofonfealde getæl bið þus þurh us gefylled, gif dægredsang, primsang.., nihtsang bið gefylled þurh ures þeowdomes þenunge. c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) 32 (MED) Þe imeane blisse is seouenfald [c1225 Royal seoueuald, a1250 Titus seuenfald]: lengðe of lif, wit..ant sikernesse is þe seoueðe. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 268 Þe dede of alle ine mennesse ys zeueuald. Hy lybbeþ, hy smackeþ, hy louyeþ, hy byeþ glede, hy heryeþ, hy byeþ zuyfte, hy byeþ zikere. a1592 R. Greene Hist. Orlando Furioso (1594) sig. Aiii From seuenfold Nylus to Taprobany. 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 156 The Alcoran bids a seuen-fold daily worship. 1743 A. Pope Dunciad (rev. ed.) i. 244 The Master of the sev'nfold Face. 1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel (1876) 168 A sevenfold period of years. 1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 696/1 A ‘litania septiformis’, that is to say a sevenfold procession of clergy, laity, monks, virgins, matrons, widows, poor, and children. 1992 J. P. Free & H. F. Vos Archaeology & Bible Hist. viii. 95 Four different seven-spouted lamps were found in these early tombs, attesting further to the early date of the concept of the sevenfold lamp. 2015 Parramatta (Austral.) Advertiser (Nexis) 26 Aug. 9 The loss to the community is sevenfold in terms of health, mental health, courts, police, education, productivity and taxes. b. Theology. Designating the seven spiritual qualities traditionally held by patristic and later Christian authors to be given by the Holy Spirit to the faithful, enumerated in Isaiah 11:1–3a (according to the Vulgate, following the Septuagint) as wisdom, understanding, counsel, knowledge, fortitude, piety, and fear of the Lord; of or relating to these qualities. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > nature or attributes of God > [adjective] > gracious > of or relating to gift from > specific sevenfoldOE OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxii. 363 We wurþiað þæs halgan gastes tocyme mid lofsangum seofon dagas, for þan ðe he onbryrd ure mod mid seofonfealdre gife. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Ded. l. 301 Þiss sefenn fald godleȝȝc þatt crist. Vss dide þurrh hiss are. c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 44 Þou art in ȝifte seuenfold, Godus riht hond ffinger art þou. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Ai^v The seuen folde graces of the holy goost. 1563 N. Winȝet tr. St. Vincent of Lérins For Antiq. Catholik Fayth vii. f. 8 Ye seuinfald licht of ye halygaist. 1627 J. Cosin tr. Veni Creator in Coll. Private Devotions 91 Thou the anointing Spirit art, Who dost thy seuen-fold gifts impart. 1693 J. Dryden tr. Veni Creator in Examen Poeticum 308 Plenteous of Grace, descend from high, Rich in thy sev'n-fold Energy! 1827 J. Keble Christian Year II. xcviii. 184 Draw, Holy Ghost, Thy sevenfold veil, Between us and the fires of youth. 2009 J. Bargo Are we there Yet? iii. 39 The seven lamp stands must have seven lamps, which are the sevenfold spirits of the Holy Spirit. 2. Seven times as great or numerous; grown or increased by a factor of seven. Also: that is made, done, or repeated seven times. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [adjective] > seven times as much sevenfoldOE sevena1398 OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 66 Iulianus wycode wið þa ea Eufraten, and him oferwacedon syfanfealde weardes [L. septimae excubiae militum]. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. xxx. 26 The liȝt of the sunne shal be seuene fold, as the liȝt of seuene daȝes. 1557 R. Record Whetstone of Witte sig. Bii Septupla 7 to 1: 14 to 2..Seuenfolde. 1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. ix. 452/1 Chymists advise a sevenfold rectification. 1743 E. Young Complaint: Night the Fourth 14 And foul Transgression dips in sevenfold Night. 1848 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 3) 216 With A sevenfold blessing and inviolate rest, Yea, with His sabbath. 1908 Grove's Dict. Music IV. 670/2 Among his [sc. Stainer's] most successful..pieces of church music must be named the well-known ‘Sevenfold Amen’. 2019 Scotsman (Nexis) 19 Sept. In 1911 there was one solicitor in England for every 3,000 people. Today there is one for every 400—a sevenfold increase. 3. Seven in number. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [adjective] sevenOE septenaryc1484 sevenfolda1555 septenarious1656 septimal1791 a1555 J. Philpot in M. Coverdale Certain Lett. Martyrs (1564) 226 Dyd not Mary Magdalene was the feete of oure Sauiour with her teares, and receaued therwithall remission of her seuenfold sinnes? 1614 A. Gorges tr. Lucan Pharsalia vi. 232 Here stood..Echions Thebes with seauenfolde gates. a1627 T. Middleton & W. Rowley Old Law (1656) i. 2 Never did Greece..Not when she flourished in her seven fold sages,..Produce a Law more grave and necessary. 1812 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Purgatorio xxxii. 17 I mark'd that glorious army..turn, Against the sun and sevenfold lights, their front. 1887 W. Morris tr. Homer Odyssey I. xi. 199 Thebes of the gates sevenfold. 2017 Russell Sage Found. Jrnl. Social Sci. 3 81 The key elements of the strategy were sevenfold. †B. n. 1. by (also in) sevenfold: seven times over; by a factor of seven, in the proportion of seven to one. Obsolete. ΚΠ OE Ælfric Homily: Sermo ad Populum (Corpus Cambr. 188) in J. C. Pope Homilies of Ælfric (1967) I. 443 Seo sunne and se mona soðlice be seofanfealdum beoð beorhtran þonne hi nu syndon, be þan ðe us secgað bec. lOE tr. Honorius Augustodunensis Elucidarium in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 144 Hwylce wlite hæfde he æfter þan æriste? Beo seofenfealden brihtere þonne sunne. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Ecclus. vii. 3 Sowe thou not yuels..and thou schalt not repe tho in seuene fold [E.V. a1382 Bodl. 959 in to þe seuenþe fold; L. in septuplum]. a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (1998) I. l. 441 (MED) More þan the sonne by vij folde Ȝit haue þei ioye on him to biholde. 2. An amount or quantity seven times as great as another. Cf. septuple n. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [noun] > multiplication by seven > a sevenfold amount sevenfolda1382 seven-doublea1500 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. vi. 31 Caȝt therewith forsothe he shal ȝelde the seuene fold [L. septuplum]. 3. A group or set of seven things; something with seven facets, parts, or elements. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [noun] > group of seven septenarya1500 seven1548 sevenfold1548 sevensome1568 septarchy1630 septuary1656 septuplet1795 septet1832 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xxiiii. f. cxcii^v As for Daniel doeth also shewe the tyme of his birth, accoumptyng it by seuens or seuenfoldes of wekes and yeres [L. hebdomadibus], if a man will any thyng curiously serche and trye it out. 1561 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalips iii. 21 The holy ghost where he is but one, for the seuenfolde [L. septemplicem] that is all maner of grace and giftes manifold, is here called, as I may say, Septenarie or of the seuenth numbre. 1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel iv. 165 note Some of the poets have said, who measure age ταῖς ἑβδομάσι, by the sevenfolds. C. adv. 1. Seven (successive) times, seven times over; by a factor of seven, in the proportion seven to one; (also) †very much, exceedingly (obsolete). Cf. seven adj. 1d.In early use esp. modifying a comparative adjective or adverb: cf. sevensithe adv. 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [adverb] > seven times as much sevensitheOE sevenfoldlOE seven-doublec1350 septuply1654 the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > extremely or exceedingly swithlyc888 micklelyeOE swith971 hardOE un-i-fohOE sevenfoldlOE unmeet?c1225 innerlyc1330 horribly1340 too1340 sore1474 horriblec1475 vehemently1483 outrageous1487 done?a1513 exquisite1529 strangely1532 exceeding1535 exceedingly1535 angardlyc1540 angerlyc1540 choicec1540 vengeable1542 vengeably?1550 extremelya1554 monstrous1569 thrice1579 amain1587 extremea1591 damnably1598 fellc1600 tyrannically1602 exquisitely1603 damnedly1607 preciously1607 damnablea1616 impensively1620 excellingly1621 main1632 fearful1634 vengeancelya1640 upsy1650 impensely1657 twadding1657 vastly1664 hideous1667 mainly1670 consumed1707 consumedly1707 outrageously1749 damned1757 nation1771 shockingly1777 deuced1779 darn1789 darned1807 felly1807 varsal1814 awful1816 awfy1816 frightfully1816 deucedly1819 dogged1819 awfully1820 gallowsa1823 shocking1831 tremendously1832 everlasting1833 terribly1833 fearfully1835 ripping1838 poison1840 thundering1853 frighteninglyc1854 raring1854 hell's own1863 goldarned1866 goddamned1870 doggone1871 acutely1872 whooping1874 stupidly1878 everlastingly1879 hideously1882 densely1883 storming1883 good and1885 thunderingly1885 crazy1887 tremendous1887 madly1888 goldarn1892 howling1895 murderously1916 rasted1919 goddam1921 bitchingly1923 Christly1923 bitching1929 falling-down1930 lousy1932 appallingly1937 stratospherically1941 Christ almighty1945 effing1945 focking1956 dagnab1961 drop-dead1980 hella1987 totes2006 lOE Salisbury Psalter xi. 7 Eloquia domini eloquia casta, argentum igne examinatum, probatum terrę purgatum septuplum : spæce drihtenes spæc syfre seolfer of fyre amerod, uel minatum, fandad eorþe aclænsod seofenfealde[eOE Royal Psalter aclensod sefonfealdlice]. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 171 Ðe rihtwise shulle ben seuefeald brihtere þane þe sunne. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan. iii. 19 He bad, that the fourneyse shulde be sette on fijre seuen fold, hatter than it was wont for to be tendid. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. ii. 22 For he that sloys [the], yong or old. It shall be punyshid sevenfold. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. i. 281 Plutus the God of Gold Is but his Steward: no meede but he repayes Seuen-fold aboue it selfe. View more context for this quotation 1632 W. Forster tr. W. Oughtred Circles of Proportion 16 Let the ratio given be septuplicated, that is multiplied sevenfold into it selfe. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 340 The population of some [country towns] has multiplied sevenfold. 2019 Spokesman Rev. (Spokane, Washington) (Nexis) 20 Aug. c3 Greenland's rate of ice loss has increased sevenfold since the 1980s, going from 41 gigatons per year during the 1990s to 286 gigatons in 2016. †2. In seven folds or coils. Obsolete.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > coil > [adverb] > in seven coils sevenfold1830 1830 Ld. Tennyson Mermaid in Poems 28 That great seasnake..From his coiled sleeps in the central deeps Would slowly trail himself sevenfold Round the hall where I sate. Compounds C1. sevenfold litany n. Christian Church (now historical) the Greater Litany (see Greater and Lesser Litany at litany n. 1a), or an instance of this. [After post-classical Latin Litania Septiformis (8th cent. or earlier), so called from the seven classes of worshipper originally required to process to church to participate in this form of prayer: clergy, laity, monks, virgins, married women, widows, the poor, and children.] ΚΠ OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) ix. 77 Micel menigu ægðer ge preosthades ge munuchades menn, and þæt læwede folc æfter ðæs eadigan Gregories hæse..to ðam seofonfealdum letanium gecomon. a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 137 (MED) Let vs..come to sorowes and wepynges of the seven-folde letanye. 1676 T. Comber Compan. Temple (ed. 2) ii. Introd. 7 No wonder if Gregory the Great..living in a time of universal Calamity..did review all the antient Forms, and compose that so famous sevenfold Litany out of them all. 1832 W. Palmer Origines Liturgicae i. ii. 271 Hence when this patriarch gave directions for the celebration of a sevenfold litany, on occasion of a great pestilence, he spoke thus. 1932 J. W. Tyrer Hist. Surv. Holy Week 161 Meanwhile the choir returned into the church and said a sevenfold Litany followed by an interval of silence. 2016 J. F. Romano Liturgy & Society Early Medieval Rome iii. 112 I find it questionable to assert Gregory was an innovator in creating or executing sevenfold litanies or if his predecessors had already made use of them. C2. sevenfold shield n. now rare a shield seven layers thick; spec. a mythological shield belonging to the Greek hero Ajax, which was made from seven layers of oxhide covered with a layer of bronze, and allowed him to escape injury in the Trojan War; (also figurative and in figurative contexts) very strong mental or spiritual protection, or a quality, trait, characteristic, etc., which provides this. [Originally after classical Latin clipeus septemplex (compare quot. 1567); in Homer's Iliad (7. 220, 222) the shield is designated by ancient Greek ἑπταβόειος of seven bulls' hides.] ΚΠ 1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) xiii. f. 157^v The owner of the seuenfold sheeld, too theis did Aiax ryse [L. surgit ad hos clipei dominus septemplicis Aiax]. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. xv. 38 The seuen-fold shield of Aiax cannot keepe the battery from my heart. View more context for this quotation 1740 C. Cibber Apol. Life C. Cibber 19 What can all the Squirts and Popguns of Jest and Raillery avail against the sevenfold Shield of Confidence and Contempt? 1847 P. Davidson Catechumen 7 No arrow could penetrate their sevenfold shield of hypocrisy. 1947 Times 15 Dec. 7/3 His great seven-volume work..should be in all hands as a sevenfold shield against ignorance. Derivatives ˈsevenfoldness n. now rare the quality of consisting of seven parts or elements, or of forming groups of seven. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [noun] > quality of being sevenfold sevenfoldness1694 1694 T. Beverley Great Charter for Interpretation Prophecy of Scripture 39 These [sc. 390 days] I make Sevenfold, according to the Standard of Seven God so often fixes... And so they comprehend in that Sevenfoldness, (which makes the 390, 2730) the Forty Days of Years of Ezekiels Bearing the Iniquity of the House of Judah, [etc.] 1856 P. Fairbairn Prophecy ii. iii. 306 The sevenfoldness ascribed to it, therefore, must be..seven different states or forms of dominion. 1946 H. W. Percival Thinking & Destiny vii. 256 An Intelligence is one unit having seven faculties, which are inseparable, make up the sevenfoldness of it as an Intelligence as a whole and are conscious immortal witnesses to its unity as an Intelligence. 2003 V. Law Hist. Linguistics in Europe vi. 121 Although the commentator links each vowel with a specific planet, starting with the Moon, closest to the Earth, and finishing with the remotest, Saturn (the three outer planets had not yet been discovered), it is the sevenfoldness which matters most. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022). sevenfoldv. Brit. /ˈsɛvnfəʊld/, U.S. /ˈsɛvənˌfoʊld/ Forms: see sevenfold adj. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: sevenfold adj. Etymology: < sevenfold adj.The following may show a related (participial) adjective (compare folden adj.), equivalent in meaning to sevenfold adj. 1b, although it is also possible that the horizontal bar over the final letter of sevenfoldē is accidental rather than intended as a mark of suspension for -n:1573 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalipse (rev. ed.) xxiv. f. 66^v I tolde you..how the seuen spirites of God are put for the seuen foldē [1561 seuenthfold; L. septiformi], full, and perfect spirite of God. Now rare. transitive. To increase (something) by a factor of seven; to multiply by seven. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > seven > [verb (transitive)] > multiply by seven sevenfolda1425 septuple1615 a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 59^v Septuplo, to seuene folde. 1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Settiplicare, to seauen-fold or [sc. seven-]double. 1661 J. Perrot To all People upon Face of Earth 15 This is the sevenfold portion of the Saints in this life, and sevenfolded more will it be in this seed and light of the life and glory of God going out of the body. 1972 ‘C. C. Hazard’ Confessions of Wall Street Insider i. 12 He had sevenfolded his money in less than two years. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.adv.OEv.a1425
随便看	scholarlikely scholarliness scholarlinesses scholarly scholarly edition scholarment scholarpoet scholars scholarship scholarship exam scholarship fund scholarship level scholarship student scholarshipped scholarships scholarteacher scholaster scholastic scholastic doctor scholastical scholastically scholasticate scholasticated scholasticates scholasticism

sevenfoldadj.n.adv.

Compounds

Derivatives

sevenfoldv.