sigmoidadj.n.

Etymology: < Greek σιγμοειδής: see sigma n. and -oid suffix.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈsigmoid.

Chiefly Anatomy.

A. adj.

1. Having the shape of the uncial sigma C; crescent-shaped, semicircular.Chiefly in sigmoid cavity, sigmoid notch, sigmoid valve.

ΚΠ

1671 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 2097 We did also observe two Ventricles with the tricuspid or sigmoid-valves.

1741 A. Monro Anat. Nerves 252 in Anat. Human Bones (ed. 3) A large semicircular or sigmoid Concavity is left.

1798 T. Hinderwell Hist. Scarborough ii. i. 213 Nautilites, or Ammonites,..with sigmoid or curved ridges.

1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 74 The condyle is separated from the coronoid process by the sigmoid notch.

1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 206 It is the inner side..of the head of the radius that is received into the small sigmoid cavity of the ulna.

1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 922 Relative insufficiency of the sigmoid valves due to dilatation of the aortic ring.

2. Having a double curve like the letter S. Esp. sigmoid colon, sigmoid flexure, the last curving portion of the colon before terminating in the rectum.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [adjective] > having double curve

sigmoidal1666

swan-necked1746

sigmoid1786

swan-neck1844

sigmate1887

goose-necked1907

the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > intestines > [noun] > large intestine > colon > parts of

sigmoid flexure1786

splenic flexure1808

haustrum1889

sigmoid1891

sigmoid colon1896

1786 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 76 306 The sigmoid flexure of the colon immediately presented itself to view.

1793 M. Baillie Morbid Anat. viii. 112 The gut..is narrower at the sigmoid flexure than at any other part.

1848 Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 2 267 The flower stalk is..round,..gracefully bent in a sigmoid flexure.

1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. ii. 61 The beautiful sigmoid curvature of the vertebral column.

1896 Quain's Elements Anat. (ed. 10) III. iv. 113 The sigmoid colon may be defined as that part of the colon which is attached to the left iliac fossa from the iliac crest to the brim of the true pelvis.

1962 Lancet 5 May 951/2 Anterior resection of the rectum with primary sigmoid-rectal anastomosis for neoplasm of the rectosigmoid region and sigmoid colon.

B. n.

a. The sigmoid flexure of the colon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > intestines > [noun] > large intestine > colon > parts of

sigmoid flexure1786

splenic flexure1808

haustrum1889

sigmoid1891

sigmoid colon1896

1891 in Cent. Dict.

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 967 The sigmoid may be so distended as to reach quite over to the right side of the abdomen.

Categories »

b. A sigmoid curve ( Cent. Dict.).

Derivatives

sigmoiˈdectomy n. [ < -ectomy comb. form] surgical excision of the sigmoid flexure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > operations on specific parts or conditions > [noun] > operations on intestines

colotomy1860

jejunostomy1885

colostomy1887

ileocolostomy1887

ileo-ileostomy1887

ileostomy1890

caecostomy1891

ileosigmoidostomy1892

short-circuiting1896

ileectomy1900

typhlotomy1903

typhlectomy1913

sigmoidectomy1915

haemorrhoidectomy1917

jejunojejunostomy1925

hemicolectomy1926

1915 B. G. A. Moynihan Abdominal Operations (ed. 3) II. Index 490/1 Sigmoidectomy.

1938 H. E. Bacon Anus, Rectum, Sigmoid Colon xix. 695 (heading) Abdominal resection (sigmoidectomy)—one-stage procedure.

sigmoiˈdicity n. the extent to which a curve is sigmoid (S-shaped).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [noun] > double curve > extent to which curve is s-shaped

sigmoidicity1968

1968 A. White et al. Princ. Biochem. (ed. 4) xi. 243 For hemoglobin, a similar plot yields a sigmoidal curve..which obeys the relationship known as the Hill equation y = Kxⁿ/(1 + Kxⁿ) where..the exponent n gives a measure of the sigmoidicity of the curve.

1977 Arch. Biochem. & Biophysics 184 300/1 With the enzyme from Am[aranthus] edulis, the response to increasing malate was qualitatively similar to that recorded for the At[riplex] spongiosa enzyme but sigmoidicity was more pronounced.

sigmoiˈditis n. inflammation of the sigmoid flexure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of bowels or intestines > [noun] > inflammation

hivesc1500

enteritis1772

proctitis1782

colonitis1834

perityphlitis1840

typhlo-enteritis1842

typhlitis1844

perienteritis1846

colitis1860

caecitis1866

periproctitis1876

appendicitis1886

paratyphlitis1890

colo-enteritis1897

diverticulitis1900

sigmoiditis1906

typhlenteritis1913

typhlodicliditis1913

diverticulosis1917

Crohn's disease1935

1906 P. L. Mummery Sigmoidoscope 55 In the cases of acute proctitis or sigmoiditis an examination with the sigmoidoscope may afford useful information.

ˈsigmoidscope n. (see quot. ); cf sigmoidoscope n.

ΚΠ

1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 3 Dec. 1503 By means of the electric sigmoidscope..a clear view of every portion of the inside of the bowel may be obtained, even as high as the top of the sigmoid flexure.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

单词	sigmoid
释义	sigmoidadj.n. Etymology: < Greek σιγμοειδής: see sigma n. and -oid suffix.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈsigmoid. Chiefly Anatomy. A. adj. 1. Having the shape of the uncial sigma C; crescent-shaped, semicircular.Chiefly in sigmoid cavity, sigmoid notch, sigmoid valve. ΚΠ 1671 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 2097 We did also observe two Ventricles with the tricuspid or sigmoid-valves. 1741 A. Monro Anat. Nerves 252 in Anat. Human Bones (ed. 3) A large semicircular or sigmoid Concavity is left. 1798 T. Hinderwell Hist. Scarborough ii. i. 213 Nautilites, or Ammonites,..with sigmoid or curved ridges. 1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 74 The condyle is separated from the coronoid process by the sigmoid notch. 1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 206 It is the inner side..of the head of the radius that is received into the small sigmoid cavity of the ulna. 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 922 Relative insufficiency of the sigmoid valves due to dilatation of the aortic ring. 2. Having a double curve like the letter S. Esp. sigmoid colon, sigmoid flexure, the last curving portion of the colon before terminating in the rectum. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [adjective] > having double curve sigmoidal1666 swan-necked1746 sigmoid1786 swan-neck1844 sigmate1887 goose-necked1907 the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > intestines > [noun] > large intestine > colon > parts of sigmoid flexure1786 splenic flexure1808 haustrum1889 sigmoid1891 sigmoid colon1896 1786 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 76 306 The sigmoid flexure of the colon immediately presented itself to view. 1793 M. Baillie Morbid Anat. viii. 112 The gut..is narrower at the sigmoid flexure than at any other part. 1848 Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 2 267 The flower stalk is..round,..gracefully bent in a sigmoid flexure. 1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. ii. 61 The beautiful sigmoid curvature of the vertebral column. 1896 Quain's Elements Anat. (ed. 10) III. iv. 113 The sigmoid colon may be defined as that part of the colon which is attached to the left iliac fossa from the iliac crest to the brim of the true pelvis. 1962 Lancet 5 May 951/2 Anterior resection of the rectum with primary sigmoid-rectal anastomosis for neoplasm of the rectosigmoid region and sigmoid colon. B. n. a. The sigmoid flexure of the colon. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > intestines > [noun] > large intestine > colon > parts of sigmoid flexure1786 splenic flexure1808 haustrum1889 sigmoid1891 sigmoid colon1896 1891 in Cent. Dict. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 967 The sigmoid may be so distended as to reach quite over to the right side of the abdomen. Categories » b. A sigmoid curve ( Cent. Dict.). Derivatives sigmoiˈdectomy n. [ < -ectomy comb. form] surgical excision of the sigmoid flexure. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > operations on specific parts or conditions > [noun] > operations on intestines colotomy1860 jejunostomy1885 colostomy1887 ileocolostomy1887 ileo-ileostomy1887 ileostomy1890 caecostomy1891 ileosigmoidostomy1892 short-circuiting1896 ileectomy1900 typhlotomy1903 typhlectomy1913 sigmoidectomy1915 haemorrhoidectomy1917 jejunojejunostomy1925 hemicolectomy1926 1915 B. G. A. Moynihan Abdominal Operations (ed. 3) II. Index 490/1 Sigmoidectomy. 1938 H. E. Bacon Anus, Rectum, Sigmoid Colon xix. 695 (heading) Abdominal resection (sigmoidectomy)—one-stage procedure. sigmoiˈdicity n. the extent to which a curve is sigmoid (S-shaped). ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > series of curves > [noun] > double curve > extent to which curve is s-shaped sigmoidicity1968 1968 A. White et al. Princ. Biochem. (ed. 4) xi. 243 For hemoglobin, a similar plot yields a sigmoidal curve..which obeys the relationship known as the Hill equation y = Kxⁿ/(1 + Kxⁿ) where..the exponent n gives a measure of the sigmoidicity of the curve. 1977 Arch. Biochem. & Biophysics 184 300/1 With the enzyme from Am[aranthus] edulis, the response to increasing malate was qualitatively similar to that recorded for the At[riplex] spongiosa enzyme but sigmoidicity was more pronounced. sigmoiˈditis n. inflammation of the sigmoid flexure. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of bowels or intestines > [noun] > inflammation hivesc1500 enteritis1772 proctitis1782 colonitis1834 perityphlitis1840 typhlo-enteritis1842 typhlitis1844 perienteritis1846 colitis1860 caecitis1866 periproctitis1876 appendicitis1886 paratyphlitis1890 colo-enteritis1897 diverticulitis1900 sigmoiditis1906 typhlenteritis1913 typhlodicliditis1913 diverticulosis1917 Crohn's disease1935 1906 P. L. Mummery Sigmoidoscope 55 In the cases of acute proctitis or sigmoiditis an examination with the sigmoidoscope may afford useful information. ˈsigmoidscope n. (see quot. ); cf sigmoidoscope n. ΚΠ 1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 3 Dec. 1503 By means of the electric sigmoidscope..a clear view of every portion of the inside of the bowel may be obtained, even as high as the top of the sigmoid flexure. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2019). < adj.n.1671
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