Slovakn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈsləʊvak/, U.S.

/ˈsloʊˌvɑk/,

/ˈsloʊˌvæk/

Forms: 1800s– Slovac, 1800s– Slovach, 1800s– Slovack, 1800s– Slovak.

Origin: A borrowing from Slovak. Perhaps also partly a borrowing from German. Etymons: Slovak Slovák; German Slowake.

Etymology: < Slovak Slovák, noun (plural Slováci ), a self-designation ( < the same Slavonic base as Slovene slovenec (see Slovene n.) + -ák , suffix forming nouns (compare Bosniak n., Rusnak n., Polack n.)), perhaps via German Slowake (plural Slowaken ; 1598 or earlier). With use as noun, compare Czech Slovák (plural Slováci ), French Slovaque (1814 or earlier as Slowaque ). With use as adjective, compare Slovak slovenský < the same base as the Slovak noun + -en- , suffix (see discussion at Slovene n.) + -ský -ski suffix (compare quot. 1832 at Slovenian adj. 1). With use in sense A. 2, compare Slovak slovenčina, noun (a derivative of the adjective slovenský).In form Slovach probably showing alteration after Wallach n. and Czech n.

A. n.

1. In early use: a member of a Slavic people living in central Europe, particularly in the region of the Western Carpathian mountains. Now usually: a native or inhabitant of Slovakia, a country in this region of central Europe; a person of Slovak descent.The region forming modern-day Slovakia was a part of Hungary until 1918, and of Czechoslovakia from 1918–92 (see also note at Czechoslovak adj.). Slovakia became an independent republic in January 1993.The more usual term in U.S. usage, in preference to Slovakian n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Slav people > [noun] > Slovak

Slovak1816

Slovakian1818

1816 R. Pinkerton Let. 28 Aug. in 13th Rep. Brit. & Foreign Bible Soc. (1817) 91 The only Slavonian stems which remain to be mentioned, are, the Bohemians and Wends: the former in Bohemia, Moravia, and Hungary, under the names of Tschehs and Slovaks.

a1832 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XX. 397/1 The Walachians..multiply in Eastern as the Slovacs do in Western Hungary.

1842 Penny Cycl. XXII. 125/2 This literary movement was shared by the Slovaks of Hungary.

1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 153/2 For a long time the Slovaks employed Chekh in all their published writings.

1928 E. A. Powell Embattled Borders vi. 208 It is not wholly wise for a Slovak to insist on his right..to free speech.

1993 Palm Beach (Florida) Post (Nexis) 1 Jan. a2 Many Slovaks welcomed the chance for independence after centuries of playing second fiddle, first to Hungary,..then to the more populous and urbane Czechs.

2011 Irish News (Nexis) 31 Aug. 62 I strongly fancy them to take four points from these two games—starting with a much-needed win against the Slovaks at the Aviva Stadium.

2. The West Slavonic language spoken by Slovaks.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Lechitic > Slovak

Slovakian1818

Slovakian1832

Slovakish1834

Slovak1862

1862 R. G. Latham Elements Compar. Philol. lxxvi. 628 In the northern and north-western counties of Hungary, separated..from Croatia, &c., by the intrusive Magyar, the Slovak..is spoken.

1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 150/2 Slovenish exhibits an older form of Slavonic than Servian, just as Slovak is earlier than Bohemian.

1960 J. Sinclair Anna Teller i. 64 The peasants were in her life again, and she spoke Slovak again, told of the revolution.

2001 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 25 Aug. a3 Many [Roma children] do go to school, albeit often only in segregated Roma classes, because officials say they do not speak Slovak well enough to join other students.

B. adj.

Of or relating to Slovakia, or to Slovaks or their language.The more usual term in U.S. usage, in preference to Slovakian n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Slav people > [adjective] > Slovak

Slovak1816

Slovakian1826

Slovakish1834

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavic > Lechitic > Slovak

Slovakian1826

Slovenian1832

Slovakish1834

Slovak1887

1816 R. Pinkerton Let. 28 Aug. in 13th Rep. Brit. & Foreign Bible Soc. (1817) 91 Since 1593, the Slovak and Bohemian Protestants have had ten editions of their Bible published among them.

1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 153/2 The first Slovak grammar was published..at Presburg in 1790.

1905 Contemp. Rev. Apr. 584 The Slovak nation in Hungary numbers more than 2,000,000.

1966 J. M. Kirschbaum (title) Pan-Slavism in Slovak literature: Ján Kollár—Slovak poet of Panslavism.

2008 Time Out N.Y. 10 July 16/3 Generous small plates include a trio of German, Austrian and Slovak sausages.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	slovak
释义	Slovakn.adj. Brit. /ˈsləʊvak/, U.S. /ˈsloʊˌvɑk/, /ˈsloʊˌvæk/ Forms: 1800s– Slovac, 1800s– Slovach, 1800s– Slovack, 1800s– Slovak. Origin: A borrowing from Slovak. Perhaps also partly a borrowing from German. Etymons: Slovak Slovák; German Slowake. Etymology: < Slovak Slovák, noun (plural Slováci ), a self-designation ( < the same Slavonic base as Slovene slovenec (see Slovene n.) + -ák , suffix forming nouns (compare Bosniak n., Rusnak n., Polack n.)), perhaps via German Slowake (plural Slowaken ; 1598 or earlier). With use as noun, compare Czech Slovák (plural Slováci ), French Slovaque (1814 or earlier as Slowaque ). With use as adjective, compare Slovak slovenský < the same base as the Slovak noun + -en- , suffix (see discussion at Slovene n.) + -ský -ski suffix (compare quot. 1832 at Slovenian adj. 1). With use in sense A. 2, compare Slovak slovenčina, noun (a derivative of the adjective slovenský).In form Slovach probably showing alteration after Wallach n. and Czech n. A. n. 1. In early use: a member of a Slavic people living in central Europe, particularly in the region of the Western Carpathian mountains. Now usually: a native or inhabitant of Slovakia, a country in this region of central Europe; a person of Slovak descent.The region forming modern-day Slovakia was a part of Hungary until 1918, and of Czechoslovakia from 1918–92 (see also note at Czechoslovak adj.). Slovakia became an independent republic in January 1993.The more usual term in U.S. usage, in preference to Slovakian n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Slav people > [noun] > Slovak Slovak1816 Slovakian1818 1816 R. Pinkerton Let. 28 Aug. in 13th Rep. Brit. & Foreign Bible Soc. (1817) 91 The only Slavonian stems which remain to be mentioned, are, the Bohemians and Wends: the former in Bohemia, Moravia, and Hungary, under the names of Tschehs and Slovaks. a1832 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XX. 397/1 The Walachians..multiply in Eastern as the Slovacs do in Western Hungary. 1842 Penny Cycl. XXII. 125/2 This literary movement was shared by the Slovaks of Hungary. 1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 153/2 For a long time the Slovaks employed Chekh in all their published writings. 1928 E. A. Powell Embattled Borders vi. 208 It is not wholly wise for a Slovak to insist on his right..to free speech. 1993 Palm Beach (Florida) Post (Nexis) 1 Jan. a2 Many Slovaks welcomed the chance for independence after centuries of playing second fiddle, first to Hungary,..then to the more populous and urbane Czechs. 2011 Irish News (Nexis) 31 Aug. 62 I strongly fancy them to take four points from these two games—starting with a much-needed win against the Slovaks at the Aviva Stadium. 2. The West Slavonic language spoken by Slovaks. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Lechitic > Slovak Slovakian1818 Slovakian1832 Slovakish1834 Slovak1862 1862 R. G. Latham Elements Compar. Philol. lxxvi. 628 In the northern and north-western counties of Hungary, separated..from Croatia, &c., by the intrusive Magyar, the Slovak..is spoken. 1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 150/2 Slovenish exhibits an older form of Slavonic than Servian, just as Slovak is earlier than Bohemian. 1960 J. Sinclair Anna Teller i. 64 The peasants were in her life again, and she spoke Slovak again, told of the revolution. 2001 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 25 Aug. a3 Many [Roma children] do go to school, albeit often only in segregated Roma classes, because officials say they do not speak Slovak well enough to join other students. B. adj. Of or relating to Slovakia, or to Slovaks or their language.The more usual term in U.S. usage, in preference to Slovakian n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Slav people > [adjective] > Slovak Slovak1816 Slovakian1826 Slovakish1834 the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavic > Lechitic > Slovak Slovakian1826 Slovenian1832 Slovakish1834 Slovak1887 1816 R. Pinkerton Let. 28 Aug. in 13th Rep. Brit. & Foreign Bible Soc. (1817) 91 Since 1593, the Slovak and Bohemian Protestants have had ten editions of their Bible published among them. 1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 153/2 The first Slovak grammar was published..at Presburg in 1790. 1905 Contemp. Rev. Apr. 584 The Slovak nation in Hungary numbers more than 2,000,000. 1966 J. M. Kirschbaum (title) Pan-Slavism in Slovak literature: Ján Kollár—Slovak poet of Panslavism. 2008 Time Out N.Y. 10 July 16/3 Generous small plates include a trio of German, Austrian and Slovak sausages. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1816
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