spiritistn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈspɪrᵻtɪst/, U.S.

/ˈspɪrədəst/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: spirit n., -ist suffix.

Etymology: < spirit n. + -ist suffix. Compare earlier spiritualist n.Compare earlier anti-spiritist (rare) in the sense ‘person who opposes the Holy Spirit’:1649 Church-levellers 7 Is not the world full of Atheists, Antiscripturists.., Antispiritists (πνευματομάχοι they were called of old) and may not we call a spade a spade? With the specific use in sense A. 1 compare French spiritiste (1861 or earlier).

A. n.

1. A person who believes in the existence and influence of incorporeal spirits and the possibility of communicating with them; an adherent of a system of doctrines or practices founded on this belief, spec. that established and codified by the French writer and educator known as Allan Kardec (1804–69) in the mid 19th cent. Cf. spiritualist n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > the occult > spiritualism > [noun] > spiritualist or medium

ghost seer1799

sensitive1846

medium1851

spirit medium1851

spiritualist1851

spiritist1854

manifestationist1865

trance-medium1878

spookist1902

trumpet medium1912

witch of Endor1919

metapsychist1922

1854 L. Marsh Apocatastasis vi. 71 He [sc. Apollonius of Tyana] was..something of a spiritist.

1867 A. J. Christie in H. E. Manning Ess. Relig. & Lit. 2nd Ser. 310 These remarks apply to such pretenders to Divine communications as..the Jansenists, and modern Spiritists.

1896 Pop. Sci. Jrnl. 50 229 This condition finds its ideal fulfillment in the ‘developing séance’ of the spiritists.

1973 Creston (Iowa) News Advertiser 29 Oct. 10/2 Guest speaker will be Carl Dorner, a senior from Faith Baptist Bible college at Ankeny and a former spiritist.

2011 S. Lachapelle Investigating the Supernatural i. 33 For spiritists, séances offered a whole lot more than direct access to religious and moral knowledge.

†2. A person who believes in the existence or primacy of a spiritual world distinct from matter; an advocate of spiritualism as a philosophical doctrine; = spiritualist n. 3. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > absolute idealism > [noun] > spiritualism (as opposed to materialism) > adherent of

spiritualist1836

spiritist1883

1883 L. Oliphant Altiora Peto II. xix. 16 Why he should shrink from this hypothesis for fear of becoming a materialist, as much as the scientific man does from it for fear of becoming a spiritist.

1928 Jrnl. Relig. 8 508 When the spiritists and humanists undertake actually to influence conduct they must use the physical instruments of mortal bodies.

B. adj. (chiefly attributive).

Of, relating to, associated with, or characteristic of spiritism; (also) that is a spiritist. Cf. spiritistic adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > the occult > spiritualism > [adjective]

spiritual1850

spiritualist1850

spiritualistic1852

spiritist1860

spiritistic1866

metapsychic1905

metapsychical1905

1860 Boston Investigator 18 July 98/4 This plausible argument has great seductions for a Spiritist-Werter, sighing and longing after immortality.

1877 J. E. Carpenter tr. C. P. Tiele Outl. Hist. Relig. ii. 35 The spiritist side of Animism.

1932 Chinese Recorder Oct. 658/1 Five other leaders of the spiritist sect expressed their desire to embrace Christianity.

1978 Amer. Speech 53 66 Glossolalic utterances of spiritist mediums.

2018 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 31 Jan. 24 The sinister ambiance of a spiritist seance.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	spiritist
释义	spiritistn.adj. Brit. /ˈspɪrᵻtɪst/, U.S. /ˈspɪrədəst/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: spirit n., -ist suffix. Etymology: < spirit n. + -ist suffix. Compare earlier spiritualist n.Compare earlier anti-spiritist (rare) in the sense ‘person who opposes the Holy Spirit’:1649 Church-levellers 7 Is not the world full of Atheists, Antiscripturists.., Antispiritists (πνευματομάχοι they were called of old) and may not we call a spade a spade? With the specific use in sense A. 1 compare French spiritiste (1861 or earlier). A. n. 1. A person who believes in the existence and influence of incorporeal spirits and the possibility of communicating with them; an adherent of a system of doctrines or practices founded on this belief, spec. that established and codified by the French writer and educator known as Allan Kardec (1804–69) in the mid 19th cent. Cf. spiritualist n. 4. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > the occult > spiritualism > [noun] > spiritualist or medium ghost seer1799 sensitive1846 medium1851 spirit medium1851 spiritualist1851 spiritist1854 manifestationist1865 trance-medium1878 spookist1902 trumpet medium1912 witch of Endor1919 metapsychist1922 1854 L. Marsh Apocatastasis vi. 71 He [sc. Apollonius of Tyana] was..something of a spiritist. 1867 A. J. Christie in H. E. Manning Ess. Relig. & Lit. 2nd Ser. 310 These remarks apply to such pretenders to Divine communications as..the Jansenists, and modern Spiritists. 1896 Pop. Sci. Jrnl. 50 229 This condition finds its ideal fulfillment in the ‘developing séance’ of the spiritists. 1973 Creston (Iowa) News Advertiser 29 Oct. 10/2 Guest speaker will be Carl Dorner, a senior from Faith Baptist Bible college at Ankeny and a former spiritist. 2011 S. Lachapelle Investigating the Supernatural i. 33 For spiritists, séances offered a whole lot more than direct access to religious and moral knowledge. †2. A person who believes in the existence or primacy of a spiritual world distinct from matter; an advocate of spiritualism as a philosophical doctrine; = spiritualist n. 3. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > absolute idealism > [noun] > spiritualism (as opposed to materialism) > adherent of spiritualist1836 spiritist1883 1883 L. Oliphant Altiora Peto II. xix. 16 Why he should shrink from this hypothesis for fear of becoming a materialist, as much as the scientific man does from it for fear of becoming a spiritist. 1928 Jrnl. Relig. 8 508 When the spiritists and humanists undertake actually to influence conduct they must use the physical instruments of mortal bodies. B. adj. (chiefly attributive). Of, relating to, associated with, or characteristic of spiritism; (also) that is a spiritist. Cf. spiritistic adj. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > the occult > spiritualism > [adjective] spiritual1850 spiritualist1850 spiritualistic1852 spiritist1860 spiritistic1866 metapsychic1905 metapsychical1905 1860 Boston Investigator 18 July 98/4 This plausible argument has great seductions for a Spiritist-Werter, sighing and longing after immortality. 1877 J. E. Carpenter tr. C. P. Tiele Outl. Hist. Relig. ii. 35 The spiritist side of Animism. 1932 Chinese Recorder Oct. 658/1 Five other leaders of the spiritist sect expressed their desire to embrace Christianity. 1978 Amer. Speech 53 66 Glossolalic utterances of spiritist mediums. 2018 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 31 Jan. 24 The sinister ambiance of a spiritist seance. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1854
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