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单词 spleen
释义

spleenn.

Brit. /spliːn/, U.S. /splin/
Forms: Middle English (1500s–1600s) splen; Middle English–1600s splene; Middle English–1600s spleene, 1500s– spleen.
Etymology: < Old French esplen (esplien , esplene , etc.), or Latin splēn, < Greek σπλήν , related to Sanskrit plīhan , Latin liēn . In Romanic the word has survived in many Italian dialects, and in Romanian splină , but Italian splene is of learned origin, while modern French spleen (†spline ) and Spanish esplin have been adopted < English in sense 8c.
1.
a. Anatomy. An abdominal organ consisting of a ductless gland of irregular form, which in mammals is situated at the cardiac end of the stomach and serves to produce certain changes in the blood; the milt or melt.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > specific glands > [noun] > spleen
milteOE
spleena1300
rottlec1450
rate1486
ratel1503
lien1651
α.
a1300 Vox & Wolf in MS. Digby 86 lf. 138 b/1 Þou hauest þat ilke ounder þe splen, Þou nestes neuere daies ten.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 100 As it is in Phisique write Of livere, of lunge, of galle, of splen, Thei alle unto the herte ben Servantz.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iii. f. 151 Swyne..do wounderously labour with the abundance of the Splen.
1650 N. Ward Discolliminium 46 A..lumpe, compounded of..Satyres Splens, Polcatts Lites.
β. c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 80 If þe lyuere eiþer þe splene ben I-greued,..þou muste rectifien hem.1460–70 Book of Quintessence 18 Brennynge watir in þe which gold is fixid..heliþ þe splene.1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 274 The splene in a man, in a beest the melte.1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 25 It is good against..the stopping of the Milte or Splene.1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 343 Vnto this Cawle, is fastned the Splene on the left side of the belly just over-against the liver.1619 S. Purchas Microcosmus v. 40 The Liuer by the splenike branch, transferreth them to the Serjeant of the scullery the Splene.γ. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 2061 The comlyche kynge..cowpez fulle evene..emange the schortte rybbys, That the splent and the spleene on the spere lengez!a1625 T. Lodge Poore Mans Talentt (1881) 53 The spleene is a member longe, softe, and rare, like vnto a spounge, and is scituated on the lefte side.1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 37 The Spleen [of a cow] eaten with honey..helpeth the paine of the spleen.1707 J. Floyer Physician's Pulse-watch 116 In this Fever the Spleen is affected.1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 411 The Spleen is an oblong, flat body of a livid color; its substance is soft, and texture very loose.1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 277 A propulsion of blood from the exterior parts to some of the viscera, particularly the spleen and liver.1851 W. B. Carpenter Man. Physiol. (ed. 2) 300 The structure and functions of the Spleen..have been among the most obscure subjects in Anatomy and Physiology.1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland I. p. lvi The spleen among fishes is found..as a dull reddish body of a rounded form.
†b. Regarded as the seat of melancholy or morose feelings. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [noun] > seat of melancholy feelings
spleen1390
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > specific glands > [noun] > spleen > as seat of melancholy
spleen1390
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 99 The Splen is to Malencolie Assigned for herbergerie.
c1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 60 Bot þe splene haþ no vertu of gendryng anyþing, siþe it is noþing bot a receptakle of malencolie.
c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 201 Wheer ovir many an hed hath ake, In skorn whan she lyth on the splene.
1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 22 The splene or mylte is of yl juice, for it is the chamber of melancholy.
1605 1st Pt. Jeronimo sig. D4v Not one little thought..But should raise spleens big as a cannon bullet, Within your bosomes.
1605 1st Pt. Jeronimo sig. Eiiiv Why, this would vex the resolution Of a suffering spleene.
1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. ii. xiv. sig. Q6 Those petty Chilnesses that formerly I..was apt to impute to nothing but Fumes of the Spleen, or Melancholy Vapours.
†c. Regarded as the seat of laughter or mirth. Obsolete. (Frequently c1600.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > [noun] > seat of laughter
spleen1390
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > specific glands > [noun] > spleen > as seat of laughter or mirth
spleen1390
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 100 The galle serveth to do wreche, The Splen doth him to lawhe and pleie, Whan al unclennesse is aweie.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) v. xli Some men menyn þat þe melte is cause of laugȝhing, for by þe splene we laugȝhen.
14.. Pol., Rel., & L. Poems (1866) 37 The mynde is in the Brayne... Gladnes in the splene.
1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. lxxxiiiv A..splene the which..doth make a man to laughe.
1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. i. 7 Now laugh I loud, and breake my splene to see This pleasing pastime of my poesie.
1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 464 Such matter as will make you laugh your fill, if you have a laughing spleene.
1635 F. Quarles Emblemes ii. iv. 77 Come burst your spleenes with laughter to behold A new-found vanity.
1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 91 Some for laughter burst their reins, And other some did split their spleens.
†2. In various phrases:
†a. of or on the spleen, in jest or play. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > mere amusement > [adverb]
of or on the spleenc1460
for love1678
for fun1750
for the fun of the thing1751
for the fun of it1823
good for a laugh1835
for the ride1863
(just) for the hell of it1908
pour le sport1924
for (the) shits and giggles (also grins)1983
c1460 R. Roos tr. La Belle Dame sans Mercy 327 For wordes which said ben of þe splene, In fayr langage, paynted ful plesantlye.
c1503 Nutbrown Maid in R. Arnold Chron. f. lxxvijv When men wyl breke promyse they speke the wordis on the splene.
†b. from the spleen, from the heart. Scottish. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > intense emotion > [adverb]
deepa1000
inwardlya1000
inlyOE
mortallyc1390
deeplya1400
keena1400
keenlya1400
from the bottom of one's hearta1413
from (also fro) one's heart1477
profoundly1489
from the spleen?a1505
sensibly1577
with sense1578
smartlyc1580
soakingly1593
dearly1604
intimately1637
viscerally1637
exquisitely1678
sensitively1793
exaltedly1855
intensely1860
a1505 R. Henryson Annunciation 65 in Poems (1981) 156 This prayer fra my splene is.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 103 God bad eik lufe thy nychtbour fro the splene.
1571 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxv. 79 When synneris repentis from þe splene.
†c. to the spleen, to the heart. Scottish. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > intense emotion > [adverb] > in a deeply affecting manner
to deathOE
to the deatha1375
to the spleen1568
viscerally1637
heart-piercingly1774
1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) xiii. 17 I thoill rycht grit distress, Bayth nycht & day, hard persit to þe splene.
†3. Merriment, gaiety, sport. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > [noun]
gleea700
playeOE
gameeOE
lakec1175
skentingc1175
wil-gomenc1275
solacec1290
deduit1297
envesurec1300
playingc1300
disport1303
spilea1325
laking1340
solacingc1384
bourdc1390
mazec1390
welfarea1400
recreationc1400
solancec1400
sporta1425
sportancea1450
sportingc1475
deport1477
recreancea1500
shurting15..
ebate?1518
recreating1538
abatementc1550
pleasuring1556
comfortmenta1558
disporting1561
pastiming1574
riec1576
joyance1595
spleen1598
merriment1600
amusement1603
amusing1603
entertainment1612
spleena1616
divertisement1651
diversion1653
disportment1660
sporting of nature1666
fun1726
délassement1804
gammock1841
pleasurement1843
dallying1889
rec1922
good, clean fun1923
cracka1966
looning1966
shoppertainment1993
the mind > emotion > pleasure > merriment > [noun]
dreamOE
man-dreamOE
gleea1200
galec1200
bauderyc1386
oliprancec1390
cheera1393
gaynessc1400
disportc1405
joyousitiea1450
festivitya1500
lakea1500
gaiety1573
merriment1574
jucundity1575
galliardise?1577
jouissance1579
merrymake1579
jolliment1590
mirth1591
jollyhead1596
spleen1598
jocantry16..
geniality1609
jovialty1621
jocundry1637
gaietry1650
sport1671
fun1726
galliardism1745
gig1777
merrymaking1779
hilarity1834
rollick1852
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 117 With such a zelous laughter so profund, That in this spleene rediculous appeares, To checke their follie pashions solembe teares.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) Induct. i. 135 Haply my presence May well abate the ouer-merrie spleene, Which otherwise would grow into extreames. View more context for this quotation
†4.
a. A sudden impulse; a whim or caprice.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [noun] > capriciousness > a caprice or whim
fantasya1450
wantonness1531
humour1533
worm?a1534
will1542
toy?1545
whey-worm1548
wild worm1548
freak1563
crotchet1573
fancy1579
whim-wham1580
whirligig1589
caper1592
megrim1593
spleen1594
kicksey-winsey1599
fegary1600
humorousness1604
curiosity1605
conundrum1607
whimsy1607
windmill1612
buzza1616
capriccioa1616
quirka1616
flama1625
maggota1625
fantasticality1631
capruch1634
gimcrack1639
whimseycado1654
caprich1656
excursion1662
frisk1665
caprice1673
fita1680
grub1681
fantasque1697
whim1697
frolic1711
flight1717
whigmaleery1730
vagary1753
maddock1787
kink1803
fizgig1824
fad1834
whimmery1837
fantod1839
brain crack1853
whimsy-whamsy1871
tic1896
tick1900
1594 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis (new ed.) sig. Fiiij A thousand spleenes beare her a thousand wayes.
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. ii. 19 A hair-braind Hotspur gouernd by a spleene . View more context for this quotation
a1625 J. Fletcher Women Pleas'd i. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Dddddd2/1 Not wandring after every toy comes crosse ye, Nor strooke with every spleene.
†b. Caprice; changeable temper. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [noun] > capriciousness
giddinessa1290
lightnessc1384
gerishnessa1513
fantasticnessc1550
unstaidnessa1557
fantasticalness1583
triflingnessa1586
spleen1598
capriciousness1607
skittishness1607
humorousness1611
wavinga1628
volageness1633
arbitrariness1643
garishness1649
legerity1652
mercury1653
volatility1655
caprich1656
humoursomeness1662
hoity-toity1668
jollity1670
unaccountableness1676
freak1678
whimsya1680
featheriness1689
toysomeness1697
caprice1711
whimsicalness1715
flirtation1718
whima1721
flightiness1747
whimsicality1761
giggishness1781
fancifulness1818
hoity-toityness1820
whifflery1835
crotchetiness1837
quirkiness1870
faddishness1884
faddism1885
vagarity1886
erraticism1889
whimsiness1909
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. iv. 76 Out you madhedded ape, a weazel hath not such a deale of spleene as you are tost with. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) iii. ii. 10 I must forsooth be forst To giue my hand..Vnto a mad-braine rudesby, full of spleene . View more context for this quotation
†5.
a. Hot or proud temper; high spirit, courage, resolute mind. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pride > spirited pride > [noun]
moodOE
feerness1475
spleen1599
fierté1673
the mind > emotion > courage > spirit > high-spiritedness > [noun]
fiercenessc1384
animosity?a1475
generosity1539
spleen1599
1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iii. i. 156 All this..Could not take truce with the vnruly spleene Of Tybalt deafe to peace. View more context for this quotation
1599 T. Heywood 1st Pt. King Edward IV sig. D4v That I shrunke backe: that I was neuer seene To shew my manly spleene, but with a whip.
1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor iii. i. sig. F2 Beauty..will infuse true motion in a stone,..Stuffe peasants bosoms with proud Cæsars spleene . View more context for this quotation
1605 Play of Stucley in R. Simpson School of Shakspere (1878) I. 213 Your kind submission might have wrought What your high spleen and courage cannot do.
†b. Impetuosity, eagerness. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > [noun] > eagerness
yernfulnesseOE
yevernesseOE
fainnessc1340
eagerness1486
edge1600
spleena1616
anxiousness1736
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 449 With swifter spleene then powder can enforce The mouth of passage shall we fling wide ope. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. vii. 50 Oh, I am scalded with my violent motion And spleene of speede, to see your Maiesty.
6. Violent ill-nature or ill-humour; irritable or peevish temper:
a. With possessive pronouns, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > ill-nature > [noun]
uncostc1220
spleen1597
ill-nature1691
the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > [noun]
cursednessc1386
crabbedness1413
thrawnness1499
currishness1542
doggedness1592
spleen1597
incompliance1689
crustiness1727
dourness1794
grumpiness1835
cussedness1852
nabalism1853
ungeniality1859
disgrace1861
cantankerousness1881
ugliness1889
stroppiness1969
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill-nature > [noun]
spleen1597
ill-nature1691
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III ii. iv. 63 O preposterous And frantike outrage, ende thy damned spleene . View more context for this quotation
1608 G. Chapman Conspiracie Duke of Byron v. i. 136 Let others learn by him to curb their spleens, Before they be curb'd, and to cease their grudges.
1642 J. Vicars God in Mount 71 The poysonous malice and incorrigible spight and splene of the malignant partie.
1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 4. ⁋3 His spleen is so extremely moved on this Occasion that he is going to publish a Treatise against Opera's.
1781 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) XIII. 462 I impute this to his violent spleen against logic.
1824 T. F. Dibdin Libr. Compan. 745 The spleen and sophistry that marked the notes of the earlier cantos of Child Harold.
1885 G. Rawlinson Egypt & Babylon ii. xii. 425 This time he..vented his spleen on the Jews by renewed attacks and oppressions.
b. Without limiting word.
ΚΠ
1604 T. Dekker Magnificent Entertainm. sig. H4v Iustice in causes, Fortitude gainst foes, Temprance in spleene.
1672 J. Playford Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 6) Pref. sig. A6 It abateth Spleen and Hatred.
1728 E. Young Love of Fame: Universal Passion (ed. 2) iv. 16 Vex'd at a public fame, so justly won, The jealous Chremes is with spleen undone.
1752 D. Hume Polit. Disc. v. 81 An author, who has..more spleen, prejudice and passion than any of these qualities.
1822 W. Hazlitt Table-talk (1869) 2nd Ser. xviii. 381 This may be very well as an ebullition of spleen or vanity.
1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 15 Whereat Geraint flash'd into sudden spleen.
7. With a:
a. A fit of temper; a passion. Also transferred. Obsolete exc. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > manifestation of anger > [noun] > fit(s) or outburst(s) of anger
wratha1200
wrethea1400
hatelc1400
angerc1425
braida1450
fumea1529
passion1530
fustian fume1553
ruff1567
pelt1573
spleen1590
blaze1597
huff1599
blustera1616
dog-flawa1625
overboiling1767
explosion1769
squall1807
blowout1825
flare-up1837
fit1841
bust-up1842
wax1854
Scot1859
pelter1861
ructions1862
performance1864
outfling1865
rise1877
detonation1878
flare-out1879
bait1882
paddy1894
paddywhack1899
wingding1927
wing-dinger1933
eppie1987
1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. B3v Fie, fie, will you vpon a spleen, run vpon a Christen body, with full cry and open mouth?
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream i. i. 146 Briefe, as the lightning in the collied night, That (in a spleene) vnfolds both heauen and earth. View more context for this quotation
1609 R. Bernard Faithfull Shepheard (new ed.) 74 Neuer speake with partiall affection against any in a spleene, euill will seldome speaks well.
1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. xxx. 47 As when the lightning, in a sudden spleen Unfolded, dashes from the blinding eyes The visive spirits.]
†b. A grudge; a spite or ill-will. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > spite, malice > [noun] > instance of
spitea1400
spleen1616
1616 Min. Archd. Colchester (MS.) f. 110 There is a spleene betwixt one of the Churchwardens..and this partie.
1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 825 The Duke having a spleen to the City.
1702 R. L'Estrange tr. Josephus Wars of Jews vii. xxx, in Wks. 991 Onias did not do all This..for Gods-sake,..but out of a Spleen he bare to the Jerusalem-Jews.
1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 238 The Devil owing me a Spleen, ever since I refus'd being a Thief.
8. With the:
†a. Amusement, delight. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > [noun]
gleea700
playeOE
gameeOE
lakec1175
skentingc1175
wil-gomenc1275
solacec1290
deduit1297
envesurec1300
playingc1300
disport1303
spilea1325
laking1340
solacingc1384
bourdc1390
mazec1390
welfarea1400
recreationc1400
solancec1400
sporta1425
sportancea1450
sportingc1475
deport1477
recreancea1500
shurting15..
ebate?1518
recreating1538
abatementc1550
pleasuring1556
comfortmenta1558
disporting1561
pastiming1574
riec1576
joyance1595
spleen1598
merriment1600
amusement1603
amusing1603
entertainment1612
spleena1616
divertisement1651
diversion1653
disportment1660
sporting of nature1666
fun1726
délassement1804
gammock1841
pleasurement1843
dallying1889
rec1922
good, clean fun1923
cracka1966
looning1966
shoppertainment1993
a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. ii. 64 If you desire the spleene, and will laughe your selues into stitches, follow me. View more context for this quotation
†b. Indignation, ill-humour. to bear (one) upon (also in) the spleen, to bear resentment against. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > [noun]
wrathc900
disdain1297
indignationc1384
heavinessc1386
gall1390
offencea1393
mislikinga1400
despitec1400
rankling?a1425
jealousyc1475
grudge1477
engaigne1489
grutch1541
outrage1572
dudgeon1573
indignance1590
indignity1596
spleen1596
resentiment1606
dolour1609
resentment1613
endugine1638
stomachosity1656
ressentiment1658
resent1680
umbrage1724
resentfulness1735
niff1777
indignancy1790
saeva indignatio1796
hard feeling1803
grudgement1845
to have a chip on one's shoulder1856
affrontedness1878
spike1890
the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > be indignant at or resent [verb (transitive)]
to take in (also on, to) griefc1325
to bear (a person or thing) hard (also heavily, heavy, etc.)c1384
to take agrief?a1400
disdaina1513
stomach1523
to take it amiss1530
to have a grudge against (to, at)1531
to think amiss1533
envy1557
to take‥in (the) snuff (or to snuff)1560
to take snuff1565
to take scorn1581
to take indignly1593
to bear (one) upon (also in) the spleen1596
spleena1629
disresent1652
indign1652
miff1797
pin1934
the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > [noun]
melancholya1393
morosity1534
distemperature1571
distemperance1574
diverseness1574
sullennessa1586
spleen1596
distemper1604
mustinessa1625
canker?1635
distemperedness1649
moroseness1653
tetricalness1653
moodiness1694
dishumour1712
ill humour1748
sulkiness1760
stuff1787
funk1808
sumphishness1830
spleenishness1847
moodishness1857
grouchiness1925
1596 C. Gibbon Watch-worde for Warre sig. C4 If a Captayne be offended at his Souldier and beare hym in the splene, he may quyte it vnder colour of hys office.
1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 101 Howsoeuer vpon the spleene they sought for it at that time: he acquainted the Pope Clement with it.
1623 J. Bingham tr. Xenophon Hist. 36 The Ægyptians, whom you principally beare vpon the spleen.
1629 tr. Herodian Hist. (1635) 38 Divers that..bore Perennius upon the spleene, for his intolerable haughty and disdainefull carriage.
c. Excessive dejection or depression of spirits; gloominess and irritability; moroseness; melancholia. Now archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [noun]
melancholya1393
melancholic1526
melancholiness1528
allichollya1616
black humour1621
spleen1664
atrabilariousness1731
black dog1776
atrabiliousness1882
1664 W. Killigrew Pandora ii. 33 Only some fumes from his heart Madam, makes his head addle. tis call'd the Spleen of late, and much in fashion.
1673 W. Temple Observ. United Provinces iv. 162 Strangers among them are apt to complain of the Spleen, but those of the Countrey seldom or never.
1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Moralists i. 18 At first, I look'd on you as deeply in the Spleen.
1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iv. vii. 114 Yet here I could discover the true Seeds of the Spleen, which only seizeth on the Lazy, the Luxurious, and the Rich.
1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Alice I. ii. iii. 153 This quiet room gives me the spleen.
d. Without article in the same sense.
ΚΠ
1690 W. Temple Ess. Poetry in Wks. (1720) I. 248 Our Country must be confess'd to be what a great foreign Physician called it, the Region of Spleen.
1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. Sept. (1965) I. 435 With a mind weaken'd by sickness, a head muddled with Spleen.
a1763 W. Shenstone Ess. in Wks. (1765) II. 205 Spleen is often little else than obstructed perspiration.
1811 L.-M. Hawkins Countess & Gertrude I. ii. 25 Professing that ‘he knew not now in whom to place confidence,’ he gave himself up to spleen and seclusion.
1860 W. Collins Woman in White ii. ii. 179 He is the victim of English spleen.
personif.1714 A. Pope Rape of Lock (new ed.) iv. 31 The gloomy Cave of Spleen.

Compounds

C1. attributive.
a. In sense 1, as spleen artery, spleen blood, spleen-lymph, spleen-mixture, spleen-powder, spleen-pulp, spleen side, spleen vein, etc.
ΚΠ
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 146 When hee hath drunke it, [let him] lie vpon the spleene side.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Artere splenitique, the spleene arterie.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Veine La petite gastrique..is the first branch of the spleene veine.
1834 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 367 The spleen powder and spleen mixture of Bengal are combinations of rhubarb, jalap, scammony, and cream of tartar, with columbo powder and sulphate of iron.
1847–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. i. 778/2 He [Gerlach] altogether denies the existence of these granule-cells..in the spleen-pulp.
1847–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. i. 796/2 In calves and sheep a reddish spleen-lymph is often found.
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 536 Caseous masses..loosely embedded in the spleen substance.
b. In transferred senses, as spleen-fit, spleen-fog, etc.
ΚΠ
a1657 G. Daniel Idyllia in Poems (1878) IV. iii. 75 All the world Trades in this magicke; though the foole be hurl'd Spleen-Shittle-Cocke.
1737 M. Green Spleen 8 If spleen-fogs rise at close of day, I clear my ev'ning with a play.
1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz in La Saisiaz: Two Poets of Croisic 28 Song's remedies for spleen-fits.
c.
spleen index n. the proportion of the population having enlarged spleens (as determined by palpation), useful as indicating the incidence of malaria.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > glandular disorders > [noun] > disorders of spleen > spleen index
spleen rate1903
spleen index1969
1969 G. M. Edington & H. M. Gilles Pathol. in Tropics ii. 13 The former [methods] determine parasite rates in random blood samples and spleen indices... A close correlation exists between parasite and spleen rates.
spleen rate n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > glandular disorders > [noun] > disorders of spleen > spleen index
spleen rate1903
spleen index1969
1903 Stephens & Christophers Pract. Study Malaria xxiii. 261 Above ten years, the spleen rate is usually considerably in excess of the parasite rate.
1935 Discovery Jan. 11/1 In these districts today the spleen rate, indicating the incidence of malaria amongst the inhabitants, is very low.
1963 E. Pampana Textbk. Malaria Eradication iv. 72 The spleen rate underestimates the true percentage of enlarged spleens.
C2. spleen-born, spleen-devoured, spleen-pained, spleen-piercing, spleen-shaped, spleen-sick, spleen-struck, spleen-swollen adjs.
ΚΠ
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Kiii/1 Splensicke, spleneticus.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. Index s.v. For the Spleene pained, swelled, hard, obstructed, or otherwise diseased.
1609 Euerie Woman in her Humor sig. A4 Another with a spleene deuoured face, Her eies as hollow as Anatomy.
a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia in Poems (1878) III. To Rdr. 128 A fine Spleen-peirceing Witt.
1677 G. Miege New Dict. French & Eng. ii. sig. Zz 3/3 Splenetick, Spleen-sick, or troubled with the Spleen.
1764 C. Churchill Gotham i. 14 A gloom, thro' which to spleen-struck minds, Religion, horror-stamp'd, a passage finds.
1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals Pref. They are usually spleen-swoln from a vain idea of increasing their consequence.
1859 Ld. Tennyson Merlin & Vivien 552 in Idylls of King You breathe but accusation vast and vague, Spleen-born, I think, and proofless.
1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 113 A spleen-shaped body, the albuminiparous gland.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

spleenv.

Brit. /spliːn/, U.S. /splin/
Forms: Also 1600s splene.
Etymology: < spleen n.
1.
†a. transitive. To regard with spleen or ill-humour; to have a grudge at. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > ill-nature > [verb (transitive)]
spleena1629
the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > be indignant at or resent [verb (transitive)]
to take in (also on, to) griefc1325
to bear (a person or thing) hard (also heavily, heavy, etc.)c1384
to take agrief?a1400
disdaina1513
stomach1523
to take it amiss1530
to have a grudge against (to, at)1531
to think amiss1533
envy1557
to take‥in (the) snuff (or to snuff)1560
to take snuff1565
to take scorn1581
to take indignly1593
to bear (one) upon (also in) the spleen1596
spleena1629
disresent1652
indign1652
miff1797
pin1934
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill-nature > regard ill-naturedly [verb (transitive)]
spleena1629
a1629 W. Hinde Faithfull Remonstr. (1641) li. 168 Is it then your antipathy against goodnesse..that provokes you to swell against them, and so much to splene and spite them?
1675 J. Smith Christian Relig. Appeal ii. 18 A man so vitious as his hatred to Vertue made him spleen Nicæus,..and all good men.
†b. To fill with spleen; to make angry or ill-tempered. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > irritate [verb (transitive)]
gremec893
grillc897
teenOE
mispay?c1225
agrillec1275
oftenec1275
tarya1300
tarc1300
atenec1320
enchafec1374
to-tarc1384
stingc1386
chafe?a1400
pokec1400
irec1420
ertc1440
rehete1447
nettlec1450
bog1546
tickle1548
touch1581
urge1593
aggravate1598
irritate1598
dishumour1600
to wind up1602
to pick at ——1603
outhumour1607
vex1625
bloody1633
efferate1653
rankle1659
spleen1689
splenetize1700
rile1724
roil1742
to put out1796
to touch (also get, catch, etc.) (a person) on the raw1823
roughen1837
acerbate1845
to stroke against the hair, the wrong way (of the hair)1846
nag1849
to rub (a person, etc.) up the wrong way1859
frump1862
rattle1865
to set up any one's bristles1873
urticate1873
needle1874
draw1876
to rough up1877
to stick pins into1879
to get on ——1880
to make (someone) tiredc1883
razoo1890
to get under a person's skin1896
to get a person's goat1905
to be on at1907
to get a person's nanny1909
cag1919
to get a person's nanny-goat1928
cagmag1932
peeve1934
tick-off1934
to get on a person's tits1945
to piss off1946
bug1947
to get up a person's nose1951
tee1955
bum1970
tick1975
1689 N. Lee Princess of Cleve iv. i Such Love as mine, and injur'd as I thought, Wou'd spleen the Gaul-less Turtle, wou'd it not?
a1734 R. North Examen (1740) 326 The author..is manifestly spleened at the force with which they wrote and preached in the controversy.
1805 H. Lee Canterbury Tales V. 258 Stanhope, too much spleen'd for conversation, withdrawn, when the Colonel..began to interrogate his wife.
c. intransitive. U.S. To feel spleen or deep anger.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > indignation or resentment > be or become resentful [verb (intransitive)]
to pick (also peck) mooda1225
disdaina1382
endeigna1382
indeign1382
risec1390
to take offencea1393
to take pepper in the nose1520
stomach1557
offenda1578
sdeigna1593
huff1598
to snuff pepper1624
check1635
to bear, owe (a person) a grudge1657
to take check1663
to take (‥) umbrage1683
to ride rusty1709
to flame out, up1753
to take a niff1777
niff1841
spleen1885
to put one's shoulder out1886
to have (or get) the spike1890
derry1896
1885 Congregationalist 1 Jan. It is fairly sickenin'; I spleen at it.
1889 R. T. Cooke Steadfast xviii. 198 [It] makes me spleen to think on't!
1902 H. L. Wilson Spenders x. 110 Well, I knew Dan'l J. purty well, and I spleened against some of his ways, but that's done fur.
2. transitive. To deprive of the spleen.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > operations on specific parts or conditions > perform operation on specific part or condition [verb (transitive)] > operations on spleen
spleen1741
splenectomize1897
1741 Mem. Martinus Scriblerus 24 in A. Pope Wks. II Animals spleen'd grow extremely salacious.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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