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spritn.1 Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch spriet rod, stake, yard on a ship's mast, spear, spear shaft (Dutch spriet shoot of a plant, feeler of an insect), Middle Low German spriet , spreet spar supporting a quadrilateral sail, pole ( > German Spriet pole, spar supporting a quadrilateral sail) < the same Germanic base as sprout v.1 and sprote n.1 Compare also the ultimately related bowsprit n.; in some of the nautical uses perhaps partly short for that word.The γ. forms probably reflect shortening of the stem vowel of the α. forms (and in some instances subsequent re-lengthening). society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > [noun] > in form of bar, pole, rod, etc. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > rowing apparatus > [noun] > pole α. OE (2011) 88 Trudes, uel amites, spreotas. OE Royal Charter: Cnut to Christ Church, Canterbury (Sawyer 959) in N. P. Brooks & S. E. Kelly (2013) 1094 Git anes mannes længe þe healt ænne spreot on his hand & strecð hine swa feor swa he mæg aræcen into ðare sæ. 1396 (P.R.O.: C 145/260/10) Ponens quoddam Sprete in fundum aque in nauigando..dictam Batellam & dicto Sprete firmiter fixo in luto dicta batella remouente & nauigante dictum Sprete sic fixum in luto traxit dictum Johannem..in aquam & sic submersus fuit. c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) l. 857 Þe þrid day and comen to ryue. Þai swymmeþ wiþ spreet [a1425 Linc. Inn spreot]..And þe shippes bryngeþ to londe. c1425 (c1400) l. 12653 (MED) Thei brende bothe mast & wynlase, Sterne & stere, ore & spretes. c1440 St. Christopher (Thornton) l. 300 in C. Horstmann (1881) 2nd Ser. 458/1 (MED) A lang sprete he bare in hande, To strenghe hym in þe water to stande. society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > spear or lance > [noun] eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 39 Ansatas, spreotas, ætgaras. eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in J. J. Quinn (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1956) 216 Contos, spreotas, flanas. a1500 (?a1400) (1887) l. 181 Torrent vndyr hys spryt he sprent, And a-bowght the body he hyme hente. 3. Nautical. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > spar projecting over bows 1294–5 Naval Acct. in B. Sandahl (1958) II. 52 (MED) In uno masto uno longspret et j Lof, j Seilyierd. 1399 (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1399 1st Roll §153. m. 2 [Par] le rumper d'un cabel, rope, sprete, ou mast d'ascun shoute. c1400 (?c1380) l. 104 Wiȝt at þe wyndas [þay] weȝen her ankres, Spynde spak to þe sprete þe spare bawe-lyne. 1608 12 The Prouince came behinde vs, and brake his Spritt against the enemies shippes. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > spars used to extend head of sail 1536 in R. G. Marsden (1894) I. 54 Possessione virge, Anglice a yard or a spyryt [sic]. 1683 A. Marsh 88 Here you may behold them..rigging of their Masts, spreading of their Sails, halling up their Spreet and Leeboards. 1717 (Royal Soc.) 29 497 This Machine I suspended from the Mast of a Ship, by a Spritt which was sufficiently secured by Stays to the Mast-head. 1769 W. Falconer (at cited word) The lower end of the sprit rests in a sort of wreath or collar called the snotter. 1856 E. K. Kane I. xxiv. 316 A stouter mainsail of fourteen-feet lift with a spreet eighteen feet long. 1889 3 Sept. I do not know what use a sprit would be to a boat with a lug sail. 1913 c. 31 §39 A pilot flag..to be placed at the mast head, or on a sprit or staff. 1951 H. I. Chapelle vii. 322 The sail is furled by unreeving the heel rope and up-ending the sprit so its heel is aloft. 2016 (Nexis) 21 July 9 The standard rig [of a yacht] was a squareish, fore-and-aft sail with the top corner supported by a yard or sprit. 1846 A. Young 293 A Sprit, or Spur, in a sheer-hulk is a spar for keeping the sheers out to the required distance. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher 645 Sprit..in a sheer-hulk, a spur or spar for keeping the sheers out to the required distance. 1902 (U.S. Navy Dept.) 103 The aërial wires should be led to a sprit about 20 ft. in length. 1953 Aug. 356/2 The aerial, a twin vertical, was suspended from the end of a 24ft bamboo sprit supported from the truck of the main mast by a halyard. Compounds C1. the mind > mental capacity > spirituality > mind, soul, spirit, heart > [noun] 1653 R. Gentilis tr. F. Bacon 125 The fore Mast, the Mizzon Mast..and the Sprit Mast. 1794 D. Steel I. 228 Sailing Lighters or Barges, with a sprit-mainsail, rig with a sprit-yard at the head of the sail. 1894 24 84/2 The sprit rig cannot be said to be pretty. 2012 B. Campbell 212 The navis caudicaria had a mast of a sprit-rig type. 1611 R. Cotgrave Miquelot,..a poore, pettie, vagabond Pedler, that with a spritstaffe crosses from place to place. 1903 Jan. 216 Under the influence of the silent sprit-pole it seemed to move by some voluntary self-contained power. C2. 1833 Feb. 681 There wasn't a boy in the parish so handy in a boat, be she sprit-rigged or hooker. 1965 51 82 Also sprit-rigged were the Wexford cots of the Irish coast. 2010 (Nexis) 26 Oct. 35 The Optimist..has a sail, which is sprit-rigged, with two battens supporting the sail. 1656 G. Kendall 2 (margin) Sprit-top-mast. 1750 T. R. Blanckley 105 For a Ship are the Sprit-top-mast, Fore, Fore-top, Fore-top-gallant, Main,..and Mizon-top. 1853 May 95 A short up and down mast, called the sprit top-mast, was stepped into the bow-sprit cap. 1909 E. K. Chatterton vii. 241 A jackstaff is at the top of the sprit topmast. 2005 B. Little (2007) xiv. 143 If the vessel carried a sprit topsail, they brought its yard vertical along the sprit topmast. 1627 J. Smith vii. 31 Your Spret and Spret top-saile. 1730 W. Webster tr. P. Hoste III. 150 This rope belongs to all sails except the sprit-sail, and sprit top sail. 1839 F. Marryat I. viii. 165 The bowsprit..carried a square spritsail and sprit-topsail. 1999 (Nexis) 1 Oct. b4 (caption) Crew members of HMS Endeavour replica set the sprit topsail in the early morning mist of Puget Sound. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > spars used to extend head of sail society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > yard > other yards 1485 in M. Oppenheim (1896) 49 Spritte yerds, j. 1497 in M. Oppenheim (1896) 300 Fore yerdes, j. Sprete yerdes, j. 1736 S. Humphreys tr. N. A. Pluche III. 7 The Sprit-Yard and Sail furled. 1852 24 Dec. 8/3 The Aldbro'..was driven foul of by the brig John Rennie..and carried away jib-boom, sprit-yard, foreyard, and some bulwarks. 1946 Dec. 39/2 These boats are rigged with a single rectangular spritsail,..while the bamboo sprityard is supported by a sort of wooden cup bound across the topsides. 1997 R. Platt (DK Eyewitness Guide) 19 (caption) Sprit yard [denoting the yard slung under the bowsprit on a model of Mary Rose]. 2001 J. Bacon 250 He delighted in taking the survey of the ship, estimating the length of the unreachable sprityard and the jibboom by comparing their size to things he knew. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022). spritn.2 Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: sprit v.1 Etymology: < sprit v.1 Compare spirt n.3 and spurt n.2 the world > plants > part of plant > shoot, sprout, or branch > [noun] 1622 7 As we wandred we came to a tree, where a yong Spritt was bowed downe over a bow, and some Acornes strewed vnder neath. the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > [noun] > parts of > plumule or rudimentary shoot 1682 15 June 67 Sometimes..I have known our Mal[t]ster stir his Barly-Couches (..till the Sprit begins to fork) five or six times a day. 1795 157 Some experiments which I have made upon the planting of the sprits or shoots of potatoes. 1836 J. Levesque iv. 23 The root, or sprit, must not appear while the grain is in the couch. 1885 R. Holland (1886) Sprit, a sprout from the eye of a potato, or the young radicle of corn when it first begins to grow. 1915 D. H. Lawrence viii. 208 You can put some taters in for me. Look—like that—these little sprits standing up. 1946 R. Knappett v. 33 The young sprits..grow from the eye-holes which are all in the nose of the potato. 2006 V. Porter 75/2 Each potato is cut into sections, each section bearing a sprit or several sprits. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). spritn.3Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. A variant of the same word is apparently shown by sprat n.4 Perhaps, like sprit n.1 and sprit n.2, related ultimately to sprout v.1 (perhaps compare the range of senses shown by sprote n.1). Originally Irish English. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > defects or irregularities in 1737 [implied in: Apr. 232/2 If the Flax be not pulled immediately, it becomes coarse and stubborn, runs so Tow, and makes a spritty cloth. (at spritty adj.1)]. 1749 T. Prior 50 There are some Cloths so full of black Sprits and foul Stuff, that they cannot be purged of them effectually but by the Help of rubbing Engines. 1812 J. Dubourdieu 197 This substance, howsoever it may be acquired, and which by bleachers is called sprit, adheres so closely to the rind..as to have eluded all the..processes..of the old mode of bleaching. 1942 37 152/2 ‘Rubbing’ is a characteristic feature of linen cloth bleaching and has for its object the removal of ‘sprits’. 2005 37 25 Apart from sprit and lignin, wax and hemicelluloses, flax is often contaminated with metallic impurities. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). spritn.4Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: sprit v.2 Scottish ( Shetland, Orkney, and Caithness). the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > leaping, springing, or jumping > [noun] > a leap, spring, or jump the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > [noun] > sudden > a sudden dart 1880 W. T. Dennison 15 He meed a spret in under the officer's swird. 1948 Jan. 22 He guid ower wi sic a sprit it his fit catched ida tap straand a wire. 1956 C. M. Costie 167 Than wae a spret he clashed his knev amang the cups an' plates. 1979 J. J. Graham 82/2 For sic a sprit he made for da banks. 1988 G. Lamb Spret, a jump. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † spritadj.Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English sprit , sprit v.1 Etymology: < sprit, past participle of sprit v.1 N.E.D. (1915) gives the pronunciation as (sprit) /sprɪt/. Obsolete. the world > plants > by growth or development > [adjective] > that has grown 1688 R. Holme iii. 73/2 Spritt, or Blasted, when it [grass or grain] is beaten down by Rain, and through moisture begins to grow again. 1790 W. Marshall Agric. Provincialisms in II. 443 Sprit, sprouted, as corn in the field. 1808 H. Holland 147 A potatoe is said to be well sprit, when it has a shoot from two to four inches long. 1822 23 July 22/3 That stickiness which bread has, made with sprit wheat. 1913 15 Feb. 107/2 Sprit corn is very sensitive to heat and gives a grey flour. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022). spritv.1Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymology: A derivative formation (weak Class I) < an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the Germanic base of sprout v.1, with i-mutation of the stem vowel caused by the verb-forming suffix. Compare sprit adj.In Old English the prefixed form aspryttan to sprout forth, to bring forth (compare a- prefix1) is also attested. For Old English (rare) sprȳtan see discussion at sprout v.1 Compare also Orkney and Shetland Scots spret (of plants) to sprout up, grow (20th cent.), probably < the unattested Norn reflex of the early Scandinavian word reflected by Old Icelandic spretta to start, spring, to sprout, grow (see sprent v.); compare spret v. and sprit v.2 (in later Orkney and Shetland use). the world > plants > by growth or development > grow or vegetate [verb (intransitive)] > sprout or put forth new growth eOE (Royal) (1865) i. lxxii. 148 On kalendas aprilis.., þonne treow & wyrta ærest up spryttað. OE Ælfric (Royal) (1997) xl. 524 Behealdað ðas fictreowa, & ealle oþre treowa þonne hi spryttað [lOE Vesp. D.xiv sprytteð] þonne wite ge þæt hit sumurlæhð. OE tr. Bede (Cambr. Univ. Libr.) 8 (table of contents) Eft spryttendum þam twigum ðæs Pelagianiscan woles [L. renascentibus uirgultis Pelagianae pestis]. a1250 (?a1200) (Nero) (1952) 37 He is ase þe wiði þet sprutteð ut ðe betere þet me hine ofte croppeð. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert f. viiiv Whan rayne cometh than spriteth that [corn], that lyeth aboue. 1697 J. Donaldson (new ed.) iv. 55 Corn, Herbs, Flowers, &c: that had begun to sprut and grow, during the time of his welcome Visit, should have weathered and decayed upon his sudden abandoning of them before they came to perfection. 1779 Oct. 303 No. 4. Golden Tags,—came off black land—crop free from curl. No. 5. Ditto,—four whole potatoes sprit twice—also free. 1843 1 584 Do the seeds of pasture grasses ever germinate in the husk, like wheat, when it is said to ‘sprit’? 1876 Sept. 570 Old peas just ‘spritting’ and about to send up young ones. 2017 @webpackets 22 Mar. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) I've got potatoes spritting but it's too cold & wet to plant them out. OE Ælfric (Royal) (1997) xl. 528 Ðyses middaneardes wæstm is hryre... To þy he spryt, þæt he mid cwyldum fornime swa hwæt swa he ær sprytte. OE Ælfric (Julius) (1881) I. 294 Þonne swince ge on idel, gif ge sawað eower land ðonne seo eorðe ne spryt eow nænne wæstm. OE (Vesp. D.xii) (1976) xxii. 8 Lignum quod plantatum est secus decursus aquarum, Quod mittit suas radices ad humorem : treow þæt þe byð geset wið rynas wætera þæt þe sprytt his wyrttruman to wætan. 1639 G. Plattes vii. 37 And I have sometimes spritted the Corne a little as they use to do for Malt, and then have sowne it, and it came up speedily, and got the predomination of the weedes at first. 1778 30 What sort of a sprout will that be which comes secondly, or thirdly (for I have known people to sprit them three times) from the same eye? ?1850 J. Livesey 13 But why sprit the barley? Simply to produce intoxication. 1868 22 Feb. 1/3 (advt.) Early potatoes for first planting, now ready, carefully spritted. 1951 10 178 The seed [potato] is chitted (or to use a local term, ‘spritted’) in boxes and planted during February and March. 2012 @claudiabayley 14 May in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Spritting and bagging spuds are the worst, it takes forever to get rid of the dirt under my nails. the world > plants > by growth or development > grow, sprout, or bear fruit [verb (transitive)] > sprout or put forth new growth 1559 W. Baldwin et al. Glendower xix For like as drops engender mighty flouds, litle seedes sprut furth great leaues and buds. Derivatives 1854 8 Aug. 6/3 The farmers have little ‘spritted’ corn. 1911 D. H. Lawrence ii. viii. 335 We..went along the wet furrows, sticking the spritted tubers in the cold ground. 2006 V. Porter 75/2 The 'spritted' potatoes had to be set-cut. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). spritv.2Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps a variant of spirt v.3 (the one word showing a metathesized variant of the other), although if so the priority between the two forms is uncertain. Perhaps a specific sense development of sprit v.1 Perhaps a borrowing from early Scandinavian: compare Old Icelandic sprita to sprawl (Old Icelandic sprita to stretch out, to jump), Faroese sprita to stretch out, Norwegian (Nynorsk) sprita to spread, perhaps from the same Germanic base as spread v. Perhaps partly also (especially in γ. forms and in later Orkney and Shetland use) the reflex of a borrowing (partly via Norn) of the early Scandinavian etymon of sprent v. (compare spret v.). Chiefly Scottish ( Shetland and Orkney) in later use. the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move swiftly and suddenly c1400 (?c1390) (1940) l. 2316 He sprit forth spenne-fote more þen a spere lenþe. ?1567 I. Whitney sig. A8v Thy felowes chance that late Such prety shift did make: That he from fishers hooke did sprit [N.E.D. read sprint] Before he could him take. 1836 C. Hooton I. vii. 142 [Shetland] The rabbits..would..sprit across to the field-sides in search of better herbage. 1904 J. Spence in V. 689/2 I met Tammy o' Nort'ouse spraeting alang da road. 1931 J. T. S. Leask 134 Dey sleued an' spraited awa. 1995 C. De Luca 2 We'd sprit tae beat dem tae da pier. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.1eOE n.21622n.31737 n.41880adj.1688v.1eOEv.2c1400 |
