spumen.

Brit.

/spjuːm/, U.S.

/spjum/

Forms: Also Middle English spome.

Etymology: < Old French spume, espume (Italian spuma, Spanish espuma, Portuguese espuma), or Latin spūma.

a. Foam, froth, frothy matter.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > [noun] > foam or froth

foama700

scuma1250

frothc1384

spume1390

rial1440

escume1527

suds1592

balderdash1596

yeasta1616

cremor1657

cream1669

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 265 Sche sette a caldron on the fyr,..And let it buile in such a plit, Til that sche sawh the spume whyt.

c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 153 Þou seis I hafe no burnyng een, nor no spome at my mouthe.

1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. xxi^v Take of the white of .ii. egges, beat it to a wateryshe spume.

1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health iii. f. 181 As sone as..purple spumes or fomes swell or rise vp to the brymme, increase the fyre.

1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 53 English hony..yeelding little spume in decocting.

1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) ii. 96 I thrust a snail into it, who put forth much spume or froth.

1708 J. Philips Cyder i. 13 Sulphur, and nitrous Spume, enkindling fierce.]

1710 T. Fuller Pharmacopœia Extemporanea 280 Both [litharges] are but a Spume blown off in the refining of Silver from Lead.

1744 J. Thomson Summer in Seasons (new ed.) 100 Thence Niter, Sulphur, and the fiery Spume Of fat Bitumen.

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xl. 120 The abundant spume with which the larva..envelopes itself.

1841 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom xiii. 208 Two of these animals..joined to each other by a quantity of frothy spume.

b. spec. Foam of the sea, etc.Common from about 1850.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > wave > foam or surf > [noun] > sea-foam

sea-foama1400

spumec1440

sea-froth1582

c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Add. MS.) xciv. 425 For all thing that are in the worlde are not but as a spume in the see.

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 8 The sands..would no more liue vnder the yoke of the Sea, or haue their heads washt with his bubbly spume.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 93 He [Nile] laves The stars with spume, all tremble with his waves.

a1687 C. Cotton Poems (1689) 244 His Steeds their flaming Nostrils cool in Spume of the Cerulean Pool.

1762 Philos. Trans. 1761 (Royal Soc.) 52 136 This bird therefore dipping so frequently into the spume of the sea, is probably for the food swimming amongst it, rather than to feed upon the spume itself.

1805 Naval Chron. 13 394 My forehead was wet with the spume of the spray.

1872 H. W. Longfellow Ballad of Carmihan in Three Bks. Song i. 60 A great rush of rain, Making the ocean white with spume.

1885 Manch. Examiner 2 May 6/2 Breezy seaside effects that breathe of the salt spume.

c. In figurative uses.

ΚΠ

1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one ii. sig. D^v Mon. A mid-night surfetter. Hoo. The spume of a Brothel-house.

1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 124 I answer to this Objection, that it being but the spume of humane reason, I needed not to have given any other answer.

1836 J. Ruskin Ess. Lit. in Wks. (1903) I. 374 These foul snails.., leaving their spume and filth on the fairest flowers of literature.

1861 J. C. H. Fane & Ld. Lytton Tannhäuser 14 That so august a Spirit..Should..Decline, to quench so bright a brilliancy In Hell's sick spume.

†2. = litharge n. 1a, 1b Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > [noun] > general formula AO > litharge

litharge1322

litharge of goldc1400

litharge of silverc1400

spumec1400

foam of lead1538

silver-foam1565

plumbago1617

silver-glet1668

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > other metallic materials > [noun] > litharge

litharge1322

litharge of goldc1400

litharge of silverc1400

spumec1400

spume of argenta1533

foam of lead1538

silver-foam1565

plumbago1617

silver-glet1668

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xviii. 84 Þai take alde peper..and strewez apon it spume of siluer or of leed.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Piii^v/2 Y^e Spume of lead, molybditis.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Piii^v/2 Ye Spume of syluer, argyritis.

1589 A. Fleming tr. Virgil Georgiks iii. 51 in A. Fleming tr. Virgil Bucoliks They doo mingle therewith all The spume of argent, sulphur quicke, (or brimstone naturall).

1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 118 With ceruse, or the spume of silver, it helps the colours of cicatrices.

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations, as spume-bow; spume-flake, spume-flecked adj.

ΚΠ

1845 R. Browning How they brought Good News in Bells & Pomegranates No. VII: Dramatic Romances & Lyrics v. 3 The thick heavy spume-flakes which aye and anon His fierce lips shook upwards in galloping on.

1877 L. Morris Epic of Hades i. 36 The spume-flecked waters..Left dry the yellow shore.

1921 W. de la Mare Veil & Other Poems 15 With myriad spume-bows roaring ocean swills The cold profuse abundance of the rain.

C2.

spume-stone n. ? pumice-stone.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [noun] > implement for polishing > stone

slickstonec1325

pumice stonea1425

sleekstone1530

pounced stone1585

pomming-stone1615

polishing-slate1801

spume-stone1831

snake-stone1850

1831 Hodgson in Raine Mem. (1858) II. 217 There is much spume-stone like cinders and scoria in the middle.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

spumev.

Brit.

/spjuːm/, U.S.

/spjum/

Etymology: < Latin spūmāre (hence Italian spumare , Spanish espumar , Portuguese espumar , Old French espumer ), < spūma spume n.

1. intransitive. To foam or froth. Also with out.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > effervesce [verb (intransitive)] > foam or froth

foamc950

spumec1400

creamc1440

ream1440

fry1590

mantle1595

froth1603

sud1603

freathe1786

sponge1790

yeast1880

c1400 [see spuming adj. at Derivatives].

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 21 At a blow hee lustelye swapping, Thee wyne fresh spuming with a draught swild vp to the bottom.

1610 J. Healey tr. St. Augustine Citie of God x. xvi. 382 The..fetching downe of the Moone, till (saith Lucan) shee spume vpon such hearbes as they desire.

1721 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. To Spume, to froth or Foam.

1822 W. Irving Bracebridge Hall I. 248 A small door, through the chinks of which came a glow of light, and smoke was spuming out.

1860 M. Reid Wild Huntress xxxv A rushing torrent, that spumed against the banks.

figurative.1904 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 588/1 Moore preferred that his should spume in his diary rather than his life.

2. transitive. To send or cast forth like foam.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > charge with air or gas to cause effervescence [verb (transitive)] > cause to foam or froth > emit in or like foam or froth

froth1382

spume1859

1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 173 Bedfordbury,..whose tumble-down tenements and reeking courts spume forth plumps of animated rags.

1865 Daily Tel. 4 Dec. 5/4 Thus do these little people..spume forth their venom day after day.

1883 R. Bridges Prometheus 29 The mountains..from their swelling flanks spumed froth of fire.

Derivatives

ˈspuming adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > [adjective] > full of or covered with foam or froth

foamyOE

foaminga1400

spumingc1400

frothy?1531

spurging1566

fretting1567

fuming1598

white-mouthed1598

frory1600

yeastya1616

frothed1616

frothing1628

lathering1630

mantling1633

sudding1633

spumeous1635

spewy1743

spooming1818

despumatious1819

yeastinga1821

creaming1825

spumous1854

frothsome1880

lathery1880

bubblesome1946

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1038 Þe spumande aspaltoun þat spyserez sellen.

1881 J. F. T. Keane Six Months in Meccah v. 105 While being laden it [the camel] gives vent to spuming, spluttering, bellows and whines.

1894 G. A. Sala London up to Date ii. 33 The spuming chalices..having made the hearts of the guests glad within them.

1894 M. Pemberton Sea Wolves x To plunge into the cavern of spuming water which lay between the crags.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	spume
释义	spumen. Brit. /spjuːm/, U.S. /spjum/ Forms: Also Middle English spome. Etymology: < Old French spume, espume (Italian spuma, Spanish espuma, Portuguese espuma), or Latin spūma. 1. a. Foam, froth, frothy matter. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > [noun] > foam or froth foama700 scuma1250 frothc1384 spume1390 rial1440 escume1527 suds1592 balderdash1596 yeasta1616 cremor1657 cream1669 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 265 Sche sette a caldron on the fyr,..And let it buile in such a plit, Til that sche sawh the spume whyt. c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 153 Þou seis I hafe no burnyng een, nor no spome at my mouthe. 1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. xxi^v Take of the white of .ii. egges, beat it to a wateryshe spume. 1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health iii. f. 181 As sone as..purple spumes or fomes swell or rise vp to the brymme, increase the fyre. 1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 53 English hony..yeelding little spume in decocting. 1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) ii. 96 I thrust a snail into it, who put forth much spume or froth. 1708 J. Philips Cyder i. 13 Sulphur, and nitrous Spume, enkindling fierce.] 1710 T. Fuller Pharmacopœia Extemporanea 280 Both [litharges] are but a Spume blown off in the refining of Silver from Lead. 1744 J. Thomson Summer in Seasons (new ed.) 100 Thence Niter, Sulphur, and the fiery Spume Of fat Bitumen. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xl. 120 The abundant spume with which the larva..envelopes itself. 1841 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom xiii. 208 Two of these animals..joined to each other by a quantity of frothy spume. b. spec. Foam of the sea, etc.Common from about 1850. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > wave > foam or surf > [noun] > sea-foam sea-foama1400 spumec1440 sea-froth1582 c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Add. MS.) xciv. 425 For all thing that are in the worlde are not but as a spume in the see. 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 8 The sands..would no more liue vnder the yoke of the Sea, or haue their heads washt with his bubbly spume. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 93 He [Nile] laves The stars with spume, all tremble with his waves. a1687 C. Cotton Poems (1689) 244 His Steeds their flaming Nostrils cool in Spume of the Cerulean Pool. 1762 Philos. Trans. 1761 (Royal Soc.) 52 136 This bird therefore dipping so frequently into the spume of the sea, is probably for the food swimming amongst it, rather than to feed upon the spume itself. 1805 Naval Chron. 13 394 My forehead was wet with the spume of the spray. 1872 H. W. Longfellow Ballad of Carmihan in Three Bks. Song i. 60 A great rush of rain, Making the ocean white with spume. 1885 Manch. Examiner 2 May 6/2 Breezy seaside effects that breathe of the salt spume. c. In figurative uses. ΚΠ 1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one ii. sig. D^v Mon. A mid-night surfetter. Hoo. The spume of a Brothel-house. 1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 124 I answer to this Objection, that it being but the spume of humane reason, I needed not to have given any other answer. 1836 J. Ruskin Ess. Lit. in Wks. (1903) I. 374 These foul snails.., leaving their spume and filth on the fairest flowers of literature. 1861 J. C. H. Fane & Ld. Lytton Tannhäuser 14 That so august a Spirit..Should..Decline, to quench so bright a brilliancy In Hell's sick spume. †2. = litharge n. 1a, 1b Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > [noun] > general formula AO > litharge litharge1322 litharge of goldc1400 litharge of silverc1400 spumec1400 foam of lead1538 silver-foam1565 plumbago1617 silver-glet1668 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > other metallic materials > [noun] > litharge litharge1322 litharge of goldc1400 litharge of silverc1400 spumec1400 spume of argenta1533 foam of lead1538 silver-foam1565 plumbago1617 silver-glet1668 c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xviii. 84 Þai take alde peper..and strewez apon it spume of siluer or of leed. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Piii^v/2 Y^e Spume of lead, molybditis. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Piii^v/2 Ye Spume of syluer, argyritis. 1589 A. Fleming tr. Virgil Georgiks iii. 51 in A. Fleming tr. Virgil Bucoliks They doo mingle therewith all The spume of argent, sulphur quicke, (or brimstone naturall). 1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 118 With ceruse, or the spume of silver, it helps the colours of cicatrices. Compounds C1. attributive and in other combinations, as spume-bow; spume-flake, spume-flecked adj. ΚΠ 1845 R. Browning How they brought Good News in Bells & Pomegranates No. VII: Dramatic Romances & Lyrics v. 3 The thick heavy spume-flakes which aye and anon His fierce lips shook upwards in galloping on. 1877 L. Morris Epic of Hades i. 36 The spume-flecked waters..Left dry the yellow shore. 1921 W. de la Mare Veil & Other Poems 15 With myriad spume-bows roaring ocean swills The cold profuse abundance of the rain. C2. spume-stone n. ? pumice-stone. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [noun] > implement for polishing > stone slickstonec1325 pumice stonea1425 sleekstone1530 pounced stone1585 pomming-stone1615 polishing-slate1801 spume-stone1831 snake-stone1850 1831 Hodgson in Raine Mem. (1858) II. 217 There is much spume-stone like cinders and scoria in the middle. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2022). spumev. Brit. /spjuːm/, U.S. /spjum/ Etymology: < Latin spūmāre (hence Italian spumare , Spanish espumar , Portuguese espumar , Old French espumer ), < spūma spume n. 1. intransitive. To foam or froth. Also with out. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > effervesce [verb (intransitive)] > foam or froth foamc950 spumec1400 creamc1440 ream1440 fry1590 mantle1595 froth1603 sud1603 freathe1786 sponge1790 yeast1880 c1400 [see spuming adj. at Derivatives]. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 21 At a blow hee lustelye swapping, Thee wyne fresh spuming with a draught swild vp to the bottom. 1610 J. Healey tr. St. Augustine Citie of God x. xvi. 382 The..fetching downe of the Moone, till (saith Lucan) shee spume vpon such hearbes as they desire. 1721 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. To Spume, to froth or Foam. 1822 W. Irving Bracebridge Hall I. 248 A small door, through the chinks of which came a glow of light, and smoke was spuming out. 1860 M. Reid Wild Huntress xxxv A rushing torrent, that spumed against the banks. figurative.1904 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 588/1 Moore preferred that his should spume in his diary rather than his life. 2. transitive. To send or cast forth like foam. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > charge with air or gas to cause effervescence [verb (transitive)] > cause to foam or froth > emit in or like foam or froth froth1382 spume1859 1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 173 Bedfordbury,..whose tumble-down tenements and reeking courts spume forth plumps of animated rags. 1865 Daily Tel. 4 Dec. 5/4 Thus do these little people..spume forth their venom day after day. 1883 R. Bridges Prometheus 29 The mountains..from their swelling flanks spumed froth of fire. Derivatives ˈspuming adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > [adjective] > full of or covered with foam or froth foamyOE foaminga1400 spumingc1400 frothy?1531 spurging1566 fretting1567 fuming1598 white-mouthed1598 frory1600 yeastya1616 frothed1616 frothing1628 lathering1630 mantling1633 sudding1633 spumeous1635 spewy1743 spooming1818 despumatious1819 yeastinga1821 creaming1825 spumous1854 frothsome1880 lathery1880 bubblesome1946 c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1038 Þe spumande aspaltoun þat spyserez sellen. 1881 J. F. T. Keane Six Months in Meccah v. 105 While being laden it [the camel] gives vent to spuming, spluttering, bellows and whines. 1894 G. A. Sala London up to Date ii. 33 The spuming chalices..having made the hearts of the guests glad within them. 1894 M. Pemberton Sea Wolves x To plunge into the cavern of spuming water which lay between the crags. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1390v.c1400
随便看	stocking-maker stocking-making stocking-manufactory stocking-manufacture stocking-manufacturer stocking-masked stocking-mender stocking-net stocking-piece stocking-pot stocking-presser stocking-room stocking-seller stocking-sole stocking-stitch stocking-throwing stocking-trade stocking-trimmer stocking-weaver stocking-web stocking-yarn stockingapple stockingdarning stockinged stockinger