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单词 subacid
释义

subacidadj.n.

Brit. /ˌsʌbˈasɪd/, U.S. /ˌsəbˈæsəd/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin subacidus.
Etymology: < classical Latin subacidus slightly acid < sub- sub- prefix + acidus acid adj. Compare French subacide (1695 or earlier), Italian subacido (1761).
A. adj.
1. Somewhat or moderately acid; somewhat sour in taste or flavour.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > acids > [adjective] > relating to acids general > sub-acid
subacid1669
1669 W. Simpson Hydrologia Chymica 328 It weeps forth a sub-acid liquor in great abundance.
1682 N. Grew Exper. Luctation ii. ii. §19 in Anat. Plants 244 Mercury, with Oyl of Vitriol, will not stir, nor with Oyl of Sulphur. But with Spirit of Nitre presently boyls up. Hence Mercury is a subacid Metal.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Sallet The sub-acid Orange, sharpens the Appetite.
1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 248 All Fruits which contain a subacid essential Salt.
1836 W. S. Landor Pericles & Aspasia I. 166 He enjoys a little wine after dinner, preferring the lighter and subacid.
1891 ‘S. C. Scrivener’ Our Fields & Cities 150 The food of the human being cannot be ‘suitable’ unless varied by sub-acid substances of some kind.
1938 Amer. Fern Jrnl. 28 128 It grows in dry crevices of granite and sandstone, in subacid soil.
2008 Daily Mail (Nexis) 5 June 35 Fruits have tender flesh with a sweet, subacid, slightly aromatic flavour.
2. figurative. Esp. of person, or his or her speech or temperament: somewhat acid or tart in character; sharp, cutting.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > sourness or bitterness of temper > [adjective]
bitter?c1225
sour?c1225
envenomedc1375
envenomousa1420
crabbed1565
gallish1595
verjuice1598
vinegar-tart1599
soury1647
acrid1681
acrious1682
sourish1688
embittered1694
subacid1760
verjuiced1836
acidulent1837
vinaigrous1837
vinegar1847
vinegary1847
soured1848
acerbic1853
acidulous1865
acerbate1869
acerbitous1870
snake-headed1920
sour-pussed1952
1760 L. Sterne in London Mag. Feb. 112/2 In the little ebullitions of this subacid humour toward others..he would feel more pain..than what he ever gave.
1811 Edinb. Rev. Feb. 399 A stern subacid Dissenter.
1876 W. C. Russell Is he Man? II. 203 A hard, subacid expression..modified the character of her beauty.
1960 Times 14 Oct. 18/7 Miss Moira Redmond..made a takingly crisp and sub-acid side-kick.
1985 Newsweek (Nexis) 25 Feb. 87A It is..suffused with a pleasing, subacid wit.
2008 J. Reese Dracula Dossier (2009) 75 She..was always..ready with some subacid comment.
B. n.
1. A moderately acidic substance; a foodstuff (esp. a fruit) with a moderately acidic or sour flavour; a flavour of this type.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [noun] > sour substance
sourc1000
acid1649
subacid1684
acescent1731
sour water1815
1684 J. Browne Adenochoiradelogia Pref. sig. (a)5 In the next Office we find Natures varieties of Fermentative Menstruums, Salts, and separating Juices, daily used in our Bodies, and these do bear the names of Acids, Subacids, Salines, Acreds [etc.].
1771 W. Grant Enq. Nature, Rise, & Progress Fevers 259 A vomit, subacids, neutral salts.
1836 R. Dunglison Gen. Therapeutics v. 468 Acids and subacids are always grateful in febrile infections, and by proving agreeable to the palate they may tend to allay irritation.
1884 Harper's Mag. July 241/1 The subacid of the strawberry.
1891 ‘S. C. Scrivener’ Our Fields & Cities 150 Sub-acids in their most convenient form cannot be put into a pill box.
1900 H. Maxwell Mem. Months 2nd Ser. 263 Refresh yourselves with the delicious subacid of the wild plant.
1968 Jrnl.-Tribune (Marysville, Ohio) 3 July 8/4 (advt.) Pickett Cherry Farm is now picking sweet cherries and will start sub-acids June 30.
2009 C. Brantley Perfect Fruit ii. 19 The French tend to like a more acidic piece of fruit... In Asia you generally find that they like the sub-acids, the ones that don't have as much of that tartness.
2. figurative. A subacid quality, character, or tone; sharpness, tartness. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > sourness or bitterness of temper > [noun] > sourness or bitterness of speech > quality
mustard1546
subacid1838
1785 A. Seward Let. 7 June (1811) I. 75 That tetchy unprovoked spleen..clouding and staining the lustre of fine talents, and many excellent qualities... Let us all take warning, and correct our acids and sub-acids of every sort.
1838 G. Ticknor Jrnl. 25 Mar. in G. S. Hillard Life, Lett., & Jrnls. (1876) II. viii. 145 Rogers..talked in his quiet way.., showing sometimes a little sub-acid.
1840 T. Hood Up Rhine 181 You will perceive a little sub-acid in Markham's statements.
1902 ‘H. Mathers’ Honey xiv. 183 That subacid in her voice that she kept exclusively for the people she disliked.
1975 J. I. M. Stewart Young Pattullo (1976) x. 227 I was..unused to the sub-acid as a conversational mode.

Compounds

subacid salt n. Chemistry (now historical) = subsalt n.; frequently contrasted with superacid salt.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > salts > [noun] > specific types > acid salt
super1802
supersalt1804
subacid salt1808
superacid salt1808
1808 W. H. Wollaston in Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. 98 96 Other instances of super-acid and sub-acid salts.
1855 J. Scoffern in Orr's Circle Sci.: Elem. Chem. 38 With regard to neutral and superacid, or subacid, salts.
1904 I. Freund Study Chem. Composition vi. 159 The names of sub-acid and super-acid salts expressed the fact that the observed differences between these were due to the presence of a relatively lesser or greater amount of acid.
2002 J. S. Fruton Methods & Styles Devel. Chem. iv. 52 The theory had received experimental support from the work..of William Hyde Wollaston on superacid and subacid salts, and of Thomas Thomson on oxalates.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1669
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