superinducev.

Brit.

/ˌsuːp(ə)rᵻnˈdjuːs/,

/ˌsuːp(ə)rᵻnˈdʒuːs/,

/ˌsjuːp(ə)rᵻnˈdjuːs/,

/ˌsjuːp(ə)rᵻnˈdʒuːs/, U.S.

/ˌsup(ə)rᵻnˈd(j)us/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin superinducere.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin superinducere to bring in, add (early 3rd cent. in Tertullian), to bring upon, allow to rush against (Vulgate), to draw over, cover (5th cent.), to take as a concubine or bigamously (from 13th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin super- super- prefix + indūcere induce v. Compare superinduct v.

1. To bring (someone) into a position in addition to, or so as to displace, the person who already occupies it.

†a. transitive. Chiefly Ecclesiastical Law and Roman Law. To take (a second wife, a concubine) or contract (another marriage) within the lifetime of the first wife (or, by extension, shortly after her death). Obsolete (historical in later use).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > remarriage > take person as second spouse [verb (transitive)]

superinducea1575

remarry1639

a1575 N. Harpsfield Treat. Divorce Henry VIII (1878) (modernized text) 73 It was plain adultery to superinduce any other wife, his former living.

1647 J. Trapp Comm. Evangelists & Acts (Matt. xix. 5) Thou shalt not superinduce one wife to another.

1650 Bp. J. Taylor Funeral Serm. Countess Carbery in Wks. (1831) IV. 108 When Pompey saw the ghost of his first lady, Julia, who vexed his rest and his conscience, for superinducing Cornelia on her bed within the ten months of mourning.

1794 J. Clowes tr. E. Swedenborg Delights of Wisdom conc. Conjugial Love 334 It is allowed to superinduce concubines to wives.

1855 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity IV. ix. iv. 65 The King is to be warned, that.., as he cannot have legitimate offspring by her whom he has superinduced, his kingdom would pass to strangers.

1899 J. Muirhead Hist. Introd. Private Law of Rome (ed. 2) ii. iii. 111 To define the conditions under which manus [sc. the marriage contract] should be held to have been superinduced, and the wife converted from a doubtful uxor into a lawful materfamilias.

†b. transitive. To bring (the child of a second wife) into an inheritance in preference to the former heir. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1954) VII. 124 And when we have Primogenitum Ecclesiæ, The eldest son by the Primitive Church, The Creed of the Apostles, they will super-induce another son, by another venter, by a step-mother,..and..make their Trent-Creed larger then the Apostles.

c. transitive. To appoint (a person) to an office over the head of another; = superinduct v. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > appoint a person to an office [verb (transitive)] > appoint in addition to or over the head of another

superinduct1622

superinduce1646

1646 G. Buck Hist. Life Richard III iii. 107 There could be no aime or hope to super-induce young Richard to be King.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. v. 521 When the Fleet was Commanded by S^r John Pennington, and before the Earl of Warwick was superinduced into that Charge against the King's Will.

1904 M. Hewlett Queen's Quair ii. ix. 307 Upon such a crisis, intending for the best, Mary Beaton superinduced a stout,..gamesome lady, her aunt.

†2. transitive. To induce or persuade in addition; to induce further. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1603 J. Davies Microcosmos 154 (margin) Guiftes doe superinduce the heart to loue.

1790 By-stander 248 He was super-induced to grant it by the many..handsome things Phocion had just been saying of his dear sister.

1873 C. G. Leland Egyptian Sketch-bk. xvi. 201 The quadruped was loaded with packages for a lady boarder, and Hassan was trying to superinduce him to lateralise or dorsalise up to that lady's door.

3. transitive. Frequently with on (also †to, †into, †upon). To bring in or add over and above, or on top of, something already present; to introduce (esp. something extraneous) in addition.

ΚΠ

1603 F. Bacon Briefe Disc. sig. B4^v Two seuerall kindes of pollicie... The one to retaine the auncient formes..; the other, to superinduce a new forme.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Hh Whosoeuer knoweth any forme knoweth the vtmost possibilitie of superinducing that Nature vpon any varietie of Matter.

1659 H. L'Estrange Alliance Divine Offices 174 It is not like that Christ would superinduce any new establishment to former Rights.

1681 N. Grew Compar. Anat. Stomachs & Guts vii. 29 in Musæum Regalis Societatis Another Ferment superinduc'd to that of the Stomach.

1767 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy IX. i. 5 Nor did she superinduce the least heat into her humours.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1776 II. 42 His size, and figure, and countenance, and manner, were that of a hearty English 'Squire, with the parson super-induced.

1814 T. Chalmers Evid. Christian Revel. (ed. 3) v. 156 He superinduces his own testimony to that of the original writers.

1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity I. i. i. 30 Westward the old Punic language prevailed, even where the Roman conquerors had superinduced Latin.

1860 J. S. Mill Consider. Represent. Govt. (1865) 16/1 Their improvement cannot come from themselves, but must be superinduced from without.

1877 E. Caird Crit. Acct. Philos. Kant ii. vi. 295 The form of unity superinduced on the matter of the ideas connected.

1903 Parl. Deb. 4th Ser. 120 1225/1 The Bill..was one to consolidate the existing Acts of Parliament, and what was proposed was to superinduce on it the Bill which they discussed this afternoon.

2000 A. S. Weber Nineteenth Cent. Sci. xvi. 173 For Whewell an idea was superinduced on facts by the mind.

a. transitive. To bring on, or cause (a state, condition, feeling) to come upon someone or something; esp. to induce (a disease, etc.) in addition to one already existing. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring something upon

send971

drivea1400

inrun1471

work1487

to draw down1595

invite1599

derive1611

superinduce1615

incur1627

to bring down1662

induce1857

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > make diseased [verb (transitive)] > induce disease in addition to existing one

superinduce1796

superinfect1915

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 200 An instinct of lust or desire, not inordinate such as by sinne is super-induced in man, but natural.

1687 P. Rycaut Hist. Turks II. 223 Opium being taken..in a small quantity, about the bigness of a Tare, superinduces at first a strange chearfulness about the heart.

1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man ii. ii. 107 That State of our Waters, which was superinduced at the Deluge, may be the Cause of the Rainbow.

1796 E. Darwin Zoonomia II. 230 These convulsions do not constantly attend the hysteric disease, but are occasionally superinduced by the..inversion of a part of the alimentary canal.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 507 It [sc. idiopathic cough] has often proved highly dangerous in its results, by superinducing peripneumony.

1859 G. Meredith Ordeal Richard Feverel II. viii. 152 A..physician who has..overlooked the change in the disease superinduced by one false dose.

1924 C. Crowell in B. C. Williams O. Henry Prize Stories of 1924 (1925) 30 My atheism was superinduced by a tragedy in the lives of two very dear schoolmates.

1975 New Yorker 28 Apr. 80/3 Colors and forms that,..in the press of circumstances or actions, can superinduce the state of reflective detachment.

†b. transitive. Generally: to induce (without the notion of a pre-existing condition). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)]

wieldeOE

timberc897

letc900

rearOE

doOE

i-wendeOE

workOE

makeOE

bringc1175

raisec1175

shapec1315

to owe (also have) a wold (also on wield)a1325

procurec1330

purchasec1330

causec1340

conform1377

performa1382

excite1398

induce1413

occasionate?c1450

occasionc1454

to bring about1480

gara1500

to bring to passc1513

encause1527

to work out1534

inferc1540

excitate?1549

import1550

ycause1563

frame1576

effect1581

to bring in1584

effectuatea1586

apport?1591

introduce1605

create1607

generate1607

cast1633

efficiate1639

conciliate1646

impetrate1647

state1654

accompass1668

to bring to bear1668

to bring on1671

effectivate1717

makee1719

superinduce1837

birth1913

1837 T. L. Peacock Headlong Hall (new ed.) i. 5 The alacrity with which he sprang from the vehicle superinduced a distortion of his ankle.

1884 J. Colborne With Hicks Pasha in Soudan 118 The water of the White Nile is supposed to superinduce dysentery.

5. transitive. In physical sense. To bring, draw, deposit, etc., on or over a thing as a covering or addition. Usually with over, upon. Also (and in earliest use) figurative. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > spread or draw over (a thing) as covering for

tighta1000

hapc1390

to draw abroada1400

to draw over ——a1500

superducea1500

induce1567

overhale1579

bespread1598

strew?1615

superinduce1616

obducea1676

1616 P. Hay Vision Balaams Asse Ep. Ded. sig. ¶4 The Iesuite, who presumeth, as it were to Metamorphose nature, and superinduce a new face vpon the World.

a1653 H. Binning Wks. (1842) 185 Do not think, my beloved, to superinduce true religion upon your outside, and within to be as rotten sepulchres.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 262 Superinducing [Fr. mettant] an Apes skin over his humane shape.

1709 T. Robinson Ess. Nat. Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland vii. 46 The West side, or Skirts of these Mountains..seems to be Earth superinduced upon the Mountain-Strata by the general Flood.

1774 J. Maclaurin Arguments & Decisions Remarkable Cases 558 She had a new birn like to the letter O, thus O, superinduced upon the old birn T.

1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon xi. 283 A black peaty stratum, superinduced with morass or red bog.

1865 J. S. Mill Exam. Hamilton's Philos. xiii. 239 One [colour] may limit another by being superinduced partially over it.

1907 L. G. Beekman Outl. Swedenborg's Cosmol. v. 108 This first crust,..an oily visco-fluid foam superinduced over the surface of the warm quiet sea.

6. transitive. Biology. To cause increased or excessive induction of (gene expression, protein synthesis, etc.). Cf. superinduction n. 5.

ΚΠ

1969 Science 19 Dec. 1477/3 Actinomycin D ‘superinduces’ the synthesis of the aminotransferase and increases its intracellular concentration.

1989 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 7179/2 Cyclohexamide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, ‘superinduces’ mRNA levels of a variety of genes.

2008 Plant Physiol. 147 1349/1 The expression of these genes is also induced by JA [= jasmonic acid] or ethylene and is superinduced by a combination of both.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	superinduce
释义	superinducev. Brit. /ˌsuːp(ə)rᵻnˈdjuːs/, /ˌsuːp(ə)rᵻnˈdʒuːs/, /ˌsjuːp(ə)rᵻnˈdjuːs/, /ˌsjuːp(ə)rᵻnˈdʒuːs/, U.S. /ˌsup(ə)rᵻnˈd(j)us/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin superinducere. Etymology: < post-classical Latin superinducere to bring in, add (early 3rd cent. in Tertullian), to bring upon, allow to rush against (Vulgate), to draw over, cover (5th cent.), to take as a concubine or bigamously (from 13th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin super- super- prefix + indūcere induce v. Compare superinduct v. 1. To bring (someone) into a position in addition to, or so as to displace, the person who already occupies it. †a. transitive. Chiefly Ecclesiastical Law and Roman Law. To take (a second wife, a concubine) or contract (another marriage) within the lifetime of the first wife (or, by extension, shortly after her death). Obsolete (historical in later use). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > remarriage > take person as second spouse [verb (transitive)] superinducea1575 remarry1639 a1575 N. Harpsfield Treat. Divorce Henry VIII (1878) (modernized text) 73 It was plain adultery to superinduce any other wife, his former living. 1647 J. Trapp Comm. Evangelists & Acts (Matt. xix. 5) Thou shalt not superinduce one wife to another. 1650 Bp. J. Taylor Funeral Serm. Countess Carbery in Wks. (1831) IV. 108 When Pompey saw the ghost of his first lady, Julia, who vexed his rest and his conscience, for superinducing Cornelia on her bed within the ten months of mourning. 1794 J. Clowes tr. E. Swedenborg Delights of Wisdom conc. Conjugial Love 334 It is allowed to superinduce concubines to wives. 1855 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity IV. ix. iv. 65 The King is to be warned, that.., as he cannot have legitimate offspring by her whom he has superinduced, his kingdom would pass to strangers. 1899 J. Muirhead Hist. Introd. Private Law of Rome (ed. 2) ii. iii. 111 To define the conditions under which manus [sc. the marriage contract] should be held to have been superinduced, and the wife converted from a doubtful uxor into a lawful materfamilias. †b. transitive. To bring (the child of a second wife) into an inheritance in preference to the former heir. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1954) VII. 124 And when we have Primogenitum Ecclesiæ, The eldest son by the Primitive Church, The Creed of the Apostles, they will super-induce another son, by another venter, by a step-mother,..and..make their Trent-Creed larger then the Apostles. c. transitive. To appoint (a person) to an office over the head of another; = superinduct v. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > appoint a person to an office [verb (transitive)] > appoint in addition to or over the head of another superinduct1622 superinduce1646 1646 G. Buck Hist. Life Richard III iii. 107 There could be no aime or hope to super-induce young Richard to be King. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. v. 521 When the Fleet was Commanded by S^r John Pennington, and before the Earl of Warwick was superinduced into that Charge against the King's Will. 1904 M. Hewlett Queen's Quair ii. ix. 307 Upon such a crisis, intending for the best, Mary Beaton superinduced a stout,..gamesome lady, her aunt. †2. transitive. To induce or persuade in addition; to induce further. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1603 J. Davies Microcosmos 154 (margin) Guiftes doe superinduce the heart to loue. 1790 By-stander 248 He was super-induced to grant it by the many..handsome things Phocion had just been saying of his dear sister. 1873 C. G. Leland Egyptian Sketch-bk. xvi. 201 The quadruped was loaded with packages for a lady boarder, and Hassan was trying to superinduce him to lateralise or dorsalise up to that lady's door. 3. transitive. Frequently with on (also †to, †into, †upon). To bring in or add over and above, or on top of, something already present; to introduce (esp. something extraneous) in addition. ΚΠ 1603 F. Bacon Briefe Disc. sig. B4^v Two seuerall kindes of pollicie... The one to retaine the auncient formes..; the other, to superinduce a new forme. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Hh Whosoeuer knoweth any forme knoweth the vtmost possibilitie of superinducing that Nature vpon any varietie of Matter. View more context for this quotation 1659 H. L'Estrange Alliance Divine Offices 174 It is not like that Christ would superinduce any new establishment to former Rights. 1681 N. Grew Compar. Anat. Stomachs & Guts vii. 29 in Musæum Regalis Societatis Another Ferment superinduc'd to that of the Stomach. 1767 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy IX. i. 5 Nor did she superinduce the least heat into her humours. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1776 II. 42 His size, and figure, and countenance, and manner, were that of a hearty English 'Squire, with the parson super-induced. 1814 T. Chalmers Evid. Christian Revel. (ed. 3) v. 156 He superinduces his own testimony to that of the original writers. 1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity I. i. i. 30 Westward the old Punic language prevailed, even where the Roman conquerors had superinduced Latin. 1860 J. S. Mill Consider. Represent. Govt. (1865) 16/1 Their improvement cannot come from themselves, but must be superinduced from without. 1877 E. Caird Crit. Acct. Philos. Kant ii. vi. 295 The form of unity superinduced on the matter of the ideas connected. 1903 Parl. Deb. 4th Ser. 120 1225/1 The Bill..was one to consolidate the existing Acts of Parliament, and what was proposed was to superinduce on it the Bill which they discussed this afternoon. 2000 A. S. Weber Nineteenth Cent. Sci. xvi. 173 For Whewell an idea was superinduced on facts by the mind. 4. a. transitive. To bring on, or cause (a state, condition, feeling) to come upon someone or something; esp. to induce (a disease, etc.) in addition to one already existing. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring something upon send971 drivea1400 inrun1471 work1487 to draw down1595 invite1599 derive1611 superinduce1615 incur1627 to bring down1662 induce1857 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > make diseased [verb (transitive)] > induce disease in addition to existing one superinduce1796 superinfect1915 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 200 An instinct of lust or desire, not inordinate such as by sinne is super-induced in man, but natural. 1687 P. Rycaut Hist. Turks II. 223 Opium being taken..in a small quantity, about the bigness of a Tare, superinduces at first a strange chearfulness about the heart. 1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man ii. ii. 107 That State of our Waters, which was superinduced at the Deluge, may be the Cause of the Rainbow. 1796 E. Darwin Zoonomia II. 230 These convulsions do not constantly attend the hysteric disease, but are occasionally superinduced by the..inversion of a part of the alimentary canal. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 507 It [sc. idiopathic cough] has often proved highly dangerous in its results, by superinducing peripneumony. 1859 G. Meredith Ordeal Richard Feverel II. viii. 152 A..physician who has..overlooked the change in the disease superinduced by one false dose. 1924 C. Crowell in B. C. Williams O. Henry Prize Stories of 1924 (1925) 30 My atheism was superinduced by a tragedy in the lives of two very dear schoolmates. 1975 New Yorker 28 Apr. 80/3 Colors and forms that,..in the press of circumstances or actions, can superinduce the state of reflective detachment. †b. transitive. Generally: to induce (without the notion of a pre-existing condition). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] wieldeOE timberc897 letc900 rearOE doOE i-wendeOE workOE makeOE bringc1175 raisec1175 shapec1315 to owe (also have) a wold (also on wield)a1325 procurec1330 purchasec1330 causec1340 conform1377 performa1382 excite1398 induce1413 occasionate?c1450 occasionc1454 to bring about1480 gara1500 to bring to passc1513 encause1527 to work out1534 inferc1540 excitate?1549 import1550 ycause1563 frame1576 effect1581 to bring in1584 effectuatea1586 apport?1591 introduce1605 create1607 generate1607 cast1633 efficiate1639 conciliate1646 impetrate1647 state1654 accompass1668 to bring to bear1668 to bring on1671 effectivate1717 makee1719 superinduce1837 birth1913 1837 T. L. Peacock Headlong Hall (new ed.) i. 5 The alacrity with which he sprang from the vehicle superinduced a distortion of his ankle. 1884 J. Colborne With Hicks Pasha in Soudan 118 The water of the White Nile is supposed to superinduce dysentery. 5. transitive. In physical sense. To bring, draw, deposit, etc., on or over a thing as a covering or addition. Usually with over, upon. Also (and in earliest use) figurative. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > spread or draw over (a thing) as covering for tighta1000 hapc1390 to draw abroada1400 to draw over ——a1500 superducea1500 induce1567 overhale1579 bespread1598 strew?1615 superinduce1616 obducea1676 1616 P. Hay Vision Balaams Asse Ep. Ded. sig. ¶4 The Iesuite, who presumeth, as it were to Metamorphose nature, and superinduce a new face vpon the World. a1653 H. Binning Wks. (1842) 185 Do not think, my beloved, to superinduce true religion upon your outside, and within to be as rotten sepulchres. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 262 Superinducing [Fr. mettant] an Apes skin over his humane shape. 1709 T. Robinson Ess. Nat. Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland vii. 46 The West side, or Skirts of these Mountains..seems to be Earth superinduced upon the Mountain-Strata by the general Flood. 1774 J. Maclaurin Arguments & Decisions Remarkable Cases 558 She had a new birn like to the letter O, thus O, superinduced upon the old birn T. 1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon xi. 283 A black peaty stratum, superinduced with morass or red bog. 1865 J. S. Mill Exam. Hamilton's Philos. xiii. 239 One [colour] may limit another by being superinduced partially over it. 1907 L. G. Beekman Outl. Swedenborg's Cosmol. v. 108 This first crust,..an oily visco-fluid foam superinduced over the surface of the warm quiet sea. 6. transitive. Biology. To cause increased or excessive induction of (gene expression, protein synthesis, etc.). Cf. superinduction n. 5. ΚΠ 1969 Science 19 Dec. 1477/3 Actinomycin D ‘superinduces’ the synthesis of the aminotransferase and increases its intracellular concentration. 1989 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 7179/2 Cyclohexamide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, ‘superinduces’ mRNA levels of a variety of genes. 2008 Plant Physiol. 147 1349/1 The expression of these genes is also induced by JA [= jasmonic acid] or ethylene and is superinduced by a combination of both. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.a1575
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