† suppowelln.

Forms: Middle English sowpewaille, Middle English sowpoaille, Middle English sowpowayle, Middle English supewayle, Middle English supowell, Middle English suppoaill, Middle English suppoayle, Middle English suppowall, Middle English suppowaylle, Middle English suppoylle, late Middle English sowpowaylle, 1500s supowaill, 1500s suppowaile, 1500s suppowell, 1500s suppoyle; Scottish pre-1700 suppouaill, pre-1700 suppouale, pre-1700 suppoualle, pre-1700 suppouel, pre-1700 suppouele, pre-1700 suppovel, pre-1700 suppovell, pre-1700 suppowaill, pre-1700 suppowal, pre-1700 suppowale, pre-1700 suppowall, pre-1700 suppowalle, pre-1700 suppowaylle, pre-1700 suppowel, pre-1700 suppowell. N.E.D. (1915) also records a form late Middle English supowel.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French suppuail.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman suppuail, suppouail, supoayl, suppowelle help, support (c1150), framework (2nd half of the 14th cent. or earlier), crutch (14th cent. or earlier), variant of Old French sozpoial , souzpoail (12th cent.) < suzpuier , souzpuier , soupuier , supuier to support (early 12th cent.; < post-classical Latin suppodiare to prop, support (first half of the 12th cent.; frequently from c1200 in British sources) < classical Latin sub- sub- prefix + podium podium n.) + -ail , -al (see -al suffix¹). Compare suppowell v.

Obsolete.

1. Support, assistance, succour.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > [noun]

holtc1375

fastnessa1382

maintenance1384

supportc1391

suppowell1399

supportationc1405

subministrationa1425

conforturec1475

stay1532

back-stand1548

supportance1576

backing1598

voice1600

supportment1607

supporture1609

seconding1613

manutenency?1630

1399 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1399/1/15 To punyce al thaim that risis nocht in the suppowel of the officeris.

1400 in F. C. Hingeston Royal & Hist. Lett. Reign Henry IV (1860) I. 23 I, as ane of yhour poer kyn..requere yhow of holp and suppowall.

?1407 T. Hoccleve in E. P. Hammond Eng. Verse between Chaucer & Surrey (1927) 66 Yee wole vs helpe and been our suppoaill.

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 4300 Na supowell vndire son seke we vs neuire.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 24312 For mor suer sowpewaille, to the bordoun spiritual, A staf is nedful.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvi. 139 Weyn ȝhe ȝon rebaldis durst assale Vs..Bot gif thai had suppowale [1489 Adv. suppowaill] neir?

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. iii. 176 Wyth succours and suppowell, blythly I Sall ȝow fra hyne hame to ȝour army send.

1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 288 (MED) Kyng Edward sent his brother then suppowaile, The Frenche partye to warre and assayle.

2. A prop, a support. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports

staffc1000

hold1042

source1359

legc1380

shorer1393

stabilimenta1398

upholder1398

sustentationa1400

undersetterc1400

bearinga1425

undersettinga1425

suppowellc1430

triclinec1440

sustentaclec1451

supportera1475

sustainerc1475

sustenal1483

stayc1515

buttress1535

underpinning1538

firmament1554

countenance1565

support1570

appuia1573

comfort1577

hypostasis1577

underpropping1586

porter1591

supportation1593

supportance1597

understaya1603

bearer1607

rest1609

upsetter1628

mountinga1630

sustent1664

underlay1683

holdfast1706

abutment1727

suppeditor1728

mount1739

monture1746

bed1793

appoggiatura1833

bracing1849

bench1850

under-pinner1859

bolster-piece1860

sustainer1873

table mount1923

c1430 N. Love Mirror Blessed Life (Brasenose e.9) (1908) 47 A kusshyne oure lady to sitte on and a suppoayle [?1506 Pynson suppoyle] to lene to.

a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) l. 267 (MED) Ageyn kynde it is..That eny hed..Shuld the foot of disdeyn despyse Which bereþ hym vp..And Susteneth in his most nede As his Pyler and his sowpowayle.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† suppowellv.

Forms: Middle English soupewaile, Middle English sowbpowaylle, Middle English sowpowaille, Middle English subpouell, Middle English suppoell, Middle English suppoueld (past participle, in a late copy), Middle English suppowaille, Middle English suppowayl, Middle English suppowayle, Middle English suppoweld (past participle), Middle English suppowell, Middle English suppowial, Middle English suppowle, Middle English suppowyal, Middle English–1500s suppowaile, late Middle English sowponaile (transmission error), late Middle English supponayle (transmission error), late Middle English suppowraylle (perhaps transmission error), 1500s suppowel; Scottish pre-1700 souppouale, pre-1700 supowelle, pre-1700 suppouail, pre-1700 suppouale, pre-1700 suppouel, pre-1700 suppouele, pre-1700 suppouell, pre-1700 suppovell, pre-1700 suppowale, pre-1700 suppowel, pre-1700 suppowell.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French suppoweler.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman suppoweler, suppouaillier, suppueller to support, sustain (14th cent. or earlier) < suppuail , suppouail , suppowelle , supoayl suppowell n. Compare suppowell n.The variants sowponaile, supponayle probably arose by minim confusion: compare quot. 1389 at main sense. With the forms sowbpowaylle, subpouell compare sub- prefix.

Obsolete.

transitive. To support, assist, succour. Also intransitive with object implied.

ΚΠ

1389 in W. Fraser Memorials Montgomeries (1859) II. 17 We grant and lely hechtis, that we sal helpe and suppouell [MS supponell] the forsaid Jon in the helpe and mantenance of the forsaide landys.

1400 in T. Rymer Fœdera (1709) VIII. 154 (MED) The Liege Men of the forsayd Kyng sall Suppowaile the forsaid Erle in tyme of Necessite, and be hym be Suppowailet.

1409 in J. Slater Early Scots Texts (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Edinb.) (1952) No. 72 That nouthir of the saide lordis sal mayntene na suppouel fra thine furthe in tha causis that he refusis to submit him apon.

1423 in J. B. Paul Registrum Magni Sigilli Scotorum (1882) II. 30/2 That to the said Michel..thai ansuer, obeye and intend and, gif myster be, souppouale, as till our self in propir person.

?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 83 Þai hing so thikk þat, bot if þai ware suppoweld by oþer treesse, þai myght noȝt bere þaire fruyt.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. l. 39 Dilligence..of memorye upholdere and norice And Registreer to suppowaile trouthe.

c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 2818 Walde þow suffire me..With a soppe of thi men suppowell theym ones?

a1450 York Plays (1885) 337 (MED) I comaunde you..þat noman appere To suppowle þis traytoure.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 3740 Yovr werkys alle I sowbpowaylle, And hem supporte.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 44^v Wetis all wele & you wont oght Or any case to you come comford to haue To be suppoueld by selfe & my sad helpe.

a1600 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 15th Cent. (1939) 267 Trustyng to Ihu..Tho send hys grace to subpouell & Comffort Tho all that ys wyth wronge repourt.

Derivatives

suppoweller n.

ΚΠ

1391 in W. Fraser Lennox (1874) II. 44 The said Erle..and..his sone salbe lele helparis, conselleris, suppouailairis, promotouris and furtheraris to the said Erle of the Lenenax.

1409 in J. Stuart & G. Burnett Exchequer Rolls Scotl. (1880) IV. p. ccix He sal be til him..lele helper and suppouellour.

1451 in A. Clark Lincoln Diocese Documents (1914) 56 (MED) My executurs of my last will make I Robert Gyrdyk, Iohn Bulman, & Iohn Broghton, & yer protectures & suppowellorse my Neweu Robert Constabull, My cosyn Iohn Taylbusse, & Roberd Schefeld, prayng yam all for charite to tak yis deid opon yam.

suppowelling n.

ΚΠ

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iv. x. 32 I hoip it sall proffit, na litill thing, My gret help..and suppowelling.

suppowelment n. = suppowell n. 1.

ΚΠ

?1457 J. Hardyng Chron. (Lansd.) f. 47, in Middle Eng. Dict. at Suppowailment He..Preserued euere and kepte in Regyment, And in all nede he sette suppowailement [B. v.r. suppowyalment].

1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 320 And all were slain without suppowelment.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	suppowell
释义	† suppowelln. Forms: Middle English sowpewaille, Middle English sowpoaille, Middle English sowpowayle, Middle English supewayle, Middle English supowell, Middle English suppoaill, Middle English suppoayle, Middle English suppowall, Middle English suppowaylle, Middle English suppoylle, late Middle English sowpowaylle, 1500s supowaill, 1500s suppowaile, 1500s suppowell, 1500s suppoyle; Scottish pre-1700 suppouaill, pre-1700 suppouale, pre-1700 suppoualle, pre-1700 suppouel, pre-1700 suppouele, pre-1700 suppovel, pre-1700 suppovell, pre-1700 suppowaill, pre-1700 suppowal, pre-1700 suppowale, pre-1700 suppowall, pre-1700 suppowalle, pre-1700 suppowaylle, pre-1700 suppowel, pre-1700 suppowell. N.E.D. (1915) also records a form late Middle English supowel. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French suppuail. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman suppuail, suppouail, supoayl, suppowelle help, support (c1150), framework (2nd half of the 14th cent. or earlier), crutch (14th cent. or earlier), variant of Old French sozpoial , souzpoail (12th cent.) < suzpuier , souzpuier , soupuier , supuier to support (early 12th cent.; < post-classical Latin suppodiare to prop, support (first half of the 12th cent.; frequently from c1200 in British sources) < classical Latin sub- sub- prefix + podium podium n.) + -ail , -al (see -al suffix¹). Compare suppowell v. Obsolete. 1. Support, assistance, succour. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > [noun] holtc1375 fastnessa1382 maintenance1384 supportc1391 suppowell1399 supportationc1405 subministrationa1425 conforturec1475 stay1532 back-stand1548 supportance1576 backing1598 voice1600 supportment1607 supporture1609 seconding1613 manutenency?1630 1399 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1399/1/15 To punyce al thaim that risis nocht in the suppowel of the officeris. 1400 in F. C. Hingeston Royal & Hist. Lett. Reign Henry IV (1860) I. 23 I, as ane of yhour poer kyn..requere yhow of holp and suppowall. ?1407 T. Hoccleve in E. P. Hammond Eng. Verse between Chaucer & Surrey (1927) 66 Yee wole vs helpe and been our suppoaill. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 4300 Na supowell vndire son seke we vs neuire. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 24312 For mor suer sowpewaille, to the bordoun spiritual, A staf is nedful. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvi. 139 Weyn ȝhe ȝon rebaldis durst assale Vs..Bot gif thai had suppowale [1489 Adv. suppowaill] neir? 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. iii. 176 Wyth succours and suppowell, blythly I Sall ȝow fra hyne hame to ȝour army send. 1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 288 (MED) Kyng Edward sent his brother then suppowaile, The Frenche partye to warre and assayle. 2. A prop, a support. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports staffc1000 hold1042 source1359 legc1380 shorer1393 stabilimenta1398 upholder1398 sustentationa1400 undersetterc1400 bearinga1425 undersettinga1425 suppowellc1430 triclinec1440 sustentaclec1451 supportera1475 sustainerc1475 sustenal1483 stayc1515 buttress1535 underpinning1538 firmament1554 countenance1565 support1570 appuia1573 comfort1577 hypostasis1577 underpropping1586 porter1591 supportation1593 supportance1597 understaya1603 bearer1607 rest1609 upsetter1628 mountinga1630 sustent1664 underlay1683 holdfast1706 abutment1727 suppeditor1728 mount1739 monture1746 bed1793 appoggiatura1833 bracing1849 bench1850 under-pinner1859 bolster-piece1860 sustainer1873 table mount1923 c1430 N. Love Mirror Blessed Life (Brasenose e.9) (1908) 47 A kusshyne oure lady to sitte on and a suppoayle [?1506 Pynson suppoyle] to lene to. a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) l. 267 (MED) Ageyn kynde it is..That eny hed..Shuld the foot of disdeyn despyse Which bereþ hym vp..And Susteneth in his most nede As his Pyler and his sowpowayle. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † suppowellv. Forms: Middle English soupewaile, Middle English sowbpowaylle, Middle English sowpowaille, Middle English subpouell, Middle English suppoell, Middle English suppoueld (past participle, in a late copy), Middle English suppowaille, Middle English suppowayl, Middle English suppowayle, Middle English suppoweld (past participle), Middle English suppowell, Middle English suppowial, Middle English suppowle, Middle English suppowyal, Middle English–1500s suppowaile, late Middle English sowponaile (transmission error), late Middle English supponayle (transmission error), late Middle English suppowraylle (perhaps transmission error), 1500s suppowel; Scottish pre-1700 souppouale, pre-1700 supowelle, pre-1700 suppouail, pre-1700 suppouale, pre-1700 suppouel, pre-1700 suppouele, pre-1700 suppouell, pre-1700 suppovell, pre-1700 suppowale, pre-1700 suppowel, pre-1700 suppowell. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French suppoweler. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman suppoweler, suppouaillier, suppueller to support, sustain (14th cent. or earlier) < suppuail , suppouail , suppowelle , supoayl suppowell n. Compare suppowell n.The variants sowponaile, supponayle probably arose by minim confusion: compare quot. 1389 at main sense. With the forms sowbpowaylle, subpouell compare sub- prefix. Obsolete. transitive. To support, assist, succour. Also intransitive with object implied. ΚΠ 1389 in W. Fraser Memorials Montgomeries (1859) II. 17 We grant and lely hechtis, that we sal helpe and suppouell [MS supponell] the forsaid Jon in the helpe and mantenance of the forsaide landys. 1400 in T. Rymer Fœdera (1709) VIII. 154 (MED) The Liege Men of the forsayd Kyng sall Suppowaile the forsaid Erle in tyme of Necessite, and be hym be Suppowailet. 1409 in J. Slater Early Scots Texts (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Edinb.) (1952) No. 72 That nouthir of the saide lordis sal mayntene na suppouel fra thine furthe in tha causis that he refusis to submit him apon. 1423 in J. B. Paul Registrum Magni Sigilli Scotorum (1882) II. 30/2 That to the said Michel..thai ansuer, obeye and intend and, gif myster be, souppouale, as till our self in propir person. ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 83 Þai hing so thikk þat, bot if þai ware suppoweld by oþer treesse, þai myght noȝt bere þaire fruyt. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. l. 39 Dilligence..of memorye upholdere and norice And Registreer to suppowaile trouthe. c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 2818 Walde þow suffire me..With a soppe of thi men suppowell theym ones? a1450 York Plays (1885) 337 (MED) I comaunde you..þat noman appere To suppowle þis traytoure. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 3740 Yovr werkys alle I sowbpowaylle, And hem supporte. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 44^v Wetis all wele & you wont oght Or any case to you come comford to haue To be suppoueld by selfe & my sad helpe. a1600 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 15th Cent. (1939) 267 Trustyng to Ihu..Tho send hys grace to subpouell & Comffort Tho all that ys wyth wronge repourt. Derivatives suppoweller n. ΚΠ 1391 in W. Fraser Lennox (1874) II. 44 The said Erle..and..his sone salbe lele helparis, conselleris, suppouailairis, promotouris and furtheraris to the said Erle of the Lenenax. 1409 in J. Stuart & G. Burnett Exchequer Rolls Scotl. (1880) IV. p. ccix He sal be til him..lele helper and suppouellour. 1451 in A. Clark Lincoln Diocese Documents (1914) 56 (MED) My executurs of my last will make I Robert Gyrdyk, Iohn Bulman, & Iohn Broghton, & yer protectures & suppowellorse my Neweu Robert Constabull, My cosyn Iohn Taylbusse, & Roberd Schefeld, prayng yam all for charite to tak yis deid opon yam. suppowelling n. ΚΠ 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iv. x. 32 I hoip it sall proffit, na litill thing, My gret help..and suppowelling. suppowelment n. = suppowell n. 1. ΚΠ ?1457 J. Hardyng Chron. (Lansd.) f. 47, in Middle Eng. Dict. at Suppowailment He..Preserued euere and kepte in Regyment, And in all nede he sette suppowailement [B. v.r. suppowyalment]. 1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 320 And all were slain without suppowelment. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1399v.1389
随便看	sensitive brier sensitive fern sensitive fever sensitive joint vetch sensitive note sensitive pea sensitive period sensitive plant sensitive soul sensitive virtue sensitively sensitiveness sensitivenesses set a person upon her mettle set a person upon his legs set a person upon his mettle set a person's heart at rest set a person's mind at rest set a person's teeth on edge set a person's teeth on water set a poor example set a precedent set a premium on set a price on a person's head set a price upon one's head