swapen.

/sweɪp/

Forms: Also Middle English swaype, 1500s swaipe, 1600s swap (?).

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse sveip-.

Etymology: originally < Old Norse sveip-, denoting sweeping or circle-wise motion, represented by sveipa to sweep, wrap, swaddle, swoop (see swope v.¹), sveipr fold of garment, in combination öldusveipr ‘wave-sweeper’, oar. In later usage influenced by, or varying locally with, sweep n.

dialect.

I. A pole or lever, and related uses.

†1. Applied to various contrivances of the form of a lever: see quots. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > lever > [noun]

swape1492

lever1648

vectis1648

sweep1657

1492–3 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 186 The swaype of þe cherch dore.

1666 in Archæol. Æliana XVII. 133 For swapes for y^e bells 1s.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §333 (note) A Swape (a north country term for a Lever, when fixed upon a centre, and acted upon by the hand).

2. A large oar, esp. one used for steering a barge: = sweep n. 28.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > steering equipment > [noun] > steering oar

ruddereOE

steering scull1420

strothirc1460

swape1592

steer-oar1802

steering-oar1816

oar-rudder1844

oar-helm1883

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > rowing apparatus > [noun] > oar > long or large oar

swape1592

spread1698

sweep1801

1592 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 252 Half a kurvell lighter, with hir furnytter, that is, j ore and a swaipe [etc.].

1789 J. Brand Hist. & Antiq. Newcastle II. 261 (note) [The keelmen] call the great oar, used as a kind of rudder at the stern of this vessel, the swape.

1864 S. Smiles Life G. & R. Stephenson (1868) ii. i. 67 The vessel being guided by the aid of the ‘swape,’ or great oar.

3. A long pole supported on a fulcrum and carrying a bucket for raising water; also, a pump-handle: = sweep n. 24. Also in combination, as swape-well (for other combinations see Eng. Dial. Dict.).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > for raising water

well bucket1477

flail?a1500

kettle-mill1570

scoop1580

water engine1611

chain-pumpa1618

cochlea1648

water-screw1648

engine1652

bucket-fountain1663

chain1682

noria1696

tub-engine1702

tub-gin1702

well-pole1727

screw engine1729

rag1747

rag pump1747

swape1773

picotah1780

water balance1800

ram1801

well sweep1818

shadoof1836

hydraulic belt1856

water carrier1875

bailer1883

trip-bucket1926

1773 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 63 179 A pump..whose handle (or swape, as it is called hereabout [sc. Ripley, Yorks.]) is all of iron, very thick and long.

1890 Notes & Queries 7th Ser. 10 240/1 Dwellers in the Eastern Counties may be credited with knowing what a swape-well is... A swape-well is a well from which the water is raised by a loaded lever.

1908 E. Fowler Between Trent & Ancholme 369 I remember the two Roxby ‘Swape-wells’..the woman pulling down the swape by the chain.

4. A sconce for a light.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > support or holder for a candle > [noun] > candlestick > with wall bracket

sconce?c1450

sconce candlestick1455

perk1475

perch1565

girandole1769

wall shade1826

swape1867

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk.

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech.

5. (See quot. 1881.)

ΚΠ

1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 184 Swape, an implement for shaping the edge of a boring-bit.

II. A crop of hay.

†6. The crop of hay taken up from a meadow: = sweep n. 18.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > cutting, reaping, or mowing > mowing of grass > amount mowed

mowinga1576

strake1585

mowth1613

swape1614

sweepage1628

sweep1672

1614 G. Markham 2nd Bk. Eng. Husbandman ii. vii. 95 The swap and first crop is all the maine profit you can challenge your owne.

1622 tr. Indenture an. 1456 in Gentleman's Mag. May (1863) 629 It is agreed the Prior of malton and Co'uent..shall haue swape of Certen medowes.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	swape
释义	swapen. /sweɪp/ Forms: Also Middle English swaype, 1500s swaipe, 1600s swap (?). Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse sveip-. Etymology: originally < Old Norse sveip-, denoting sweeping or circle-wise motion, represented by sveipa to sweep, wrap, swaddle, swoop (see swope v.¹), sveipr fold of garment, in combination öldusveipr ‘wave-sweeper’, oar. In later usage influenced by, or varying locally with, sweep n. dialect. I. A pole or lever, and related uses. †1. Applied to various contrivances of the form of a lever: see quots. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > lever > [noun] swape1492 lever1648 vectis1648 sweep1657 1492–3 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 186 The swaype of þe cherch dore. 1666 in Archæol. Æliana XVII. 133 For swapes for y^e bells 1s. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §333 (note) A Swape (a north country term for a Lever, when fixed upon a centre, and acted upon by the hand). 2. A large oar, esp. one used for steering a barge: = sweep n. 28. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > steering equipment > [noun] > steering oar ruddereOE steering scull1420 strothirc1460 swape1592 steer-oar1802 steering-oar1816 oar-rudder1844 oar-helm1883 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > rowing apparatus > [noun] > oar > long or large oar swape1592 spread1698 sweep1801 1592 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 252 Half a kurvell lighter, with hir furnytter, that is, j ore and a swaipe [etc.]. 1789 J. Brand Hist. & Antiq. Newcastle II. 261 (note) [The keelmen] call the great oar, used as a kind of rudder at the stern of this vessel, the swape. 1864 S. Smiles Life G. & R. Stephenson (1868) ii. i. 67 The vessel being guided by the aid of the ‘swape,’ or great oar. 3. A long pole supported on a fulcrum and carrying a bucket for raising water; also, a pump-handle: = sweep n. 24. Also in combination, as swape-well (for other combinations see Eng. Dial. Dict.). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > for raising water well bucket1477 flail?a1500 kettle-mill1570 scoop1580 water engine1611 chain-pumpa1618 cochlea1648 water-screw1648 engine1652 bucket-fountain1663 chain1682 noria1696 tub-engine1702 tub-gin1702 well-pole1727 screw engine1729 rag1747 rag pump1747 swape1773 picotah1780 water balance1800 ram1801 well sweep1818 shadoof1836 hydraulic belt1856 water carrier1875 bailer1883 trip-bucket1926 1773 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 63 179 A pump..whose handle (or swape, as it is called hereabout [sc. Ripley, Yorks.]) is all of iron, very thick and long. 1890 Notes & Queries 7th Ser. 10 240/1 Dwellers in the Eastern Counties may be credited with knowing what a swape-well is... A swape-well is a well from which the water is raised by a loaded lever. 1908 E. Fowler Between Trent & Ancholme 369 I remember the two Roxby ‘Swape-wells’..the woman pulling down the swape by the chain. 4. A sconce for a light. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > support or holder for a candle > [noun] > candlestick > with wall bracket sconce?c1450 sconce candlestick1455 perk1475 perch1565 girandole1769 wall shade1826 swape1867 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. 5. (See quot. 1881.) ΚΠ 1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 184 Swape, an implement for shaping the edge of a boring-bit. II. A crop of hay. †6. The crop of hay taken up from a meadow: = sweep n. 18. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > cutting, reaping, or mowing > mowing of grass > amount mowed mowinga1576 strake1585 mowth1613 swape1614 sweepage1628 sweep1672 1614 G. Markham 2nd Bk. Eng. Husbandman ii. vii. 95 The swap and first crop is all the maine profit you can challenge your owne. 1622 tr. Indenture an. 1456 in Gentleman's Mag. May (1863) 629 It is agreed the Prior of malton and Co'uent..shall haue swape of Certen medowes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1492
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