† swagen.1
1. Alleviation, relief.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > [noun] > mitigation or alleviation
allegeancec1325
swaging1340
legeancec1390
mitigationa1400
swagea1400
allegementa1425
alleging?a1425
alleviation?a1425
lighteningc1425
queeming1440
allevation1502
soberinga1510
extenuation1542
assuagement1561
releasement1569
assuaging1580
assuage1596
mitification1607
allayment1609
palliation1813
soothing1847
the mind > emotion > pleasure > state of being consoled or relieved > [noun] > consolation or relief
lightingOE
leathc1175
comfort?c1225
solacec1290
solacec1290
lithec1300
comfortingc1320
allegeancec1325
swaging1340
froa1350
releasec1350
consolationc1374
legeancec1390
reliefa1393
comfortationa1400
leathinga1400
swagea1400
allegementa1425
alleviation?a1425
recreation?a1425
refrigery?a1425
lighteningc1425
recomfortc1425
mitigation?1435
recomforting1487
recreancea1500
allevation1502
easement1533
solacy1534
ease1542
cheer1549
assuagement1561
refreshing1561
easing1580
recomfortation1585
recomforture1595
assuage1596
allevement1599
mitification1607
allayment1609
solagement1609
levation1656
solacement1721
solation1757
soulagement1777
consolement1797
de-tension1949
de-tensioning1952
tea and sympathy1953
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) l. 24350 Þat suim was of mi soruing swage [Vesp. suage].
2. concrete. The excrement of the otter. local. (Cf. swaging n.1 3.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Mustelidae (weasel, marten, otter, or badger) > [noun] > genus Lutra (otter) > excrement of
spraintinga1425
spraintsa1425
swaging1590
swage1834
wedging1897
1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales II. 217 Curiosity led me to look if any fresh swages of the dourghie [Welsh dwrfgi otter] were visible.
1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Swage, Spraints, excrement of the otter.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
swagen.2
/sweɪdʒ/, U.S. /sweɪdʒ/, /swɛdʒ/ 1.
a. An ornamental grooving, moulding, border, or mount on a candlestick, basin, or other vessel.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > decoration specifically in relief > [noun] > mouldings and grooves
swage1374
ogee1591
mouldure1628
moulding1679
swaging1688
cock bead1778
cock beading1788
bead1799
cable-moulding1859
pearling1883
1374 Acc. John de Sleford (Acc. Exch. K.R. 397/10) m. 2 (Publ. Rec. Off.) Pro duobus paribus legherneys plauntez cum swages de laton' deauratis.
1399 Chancery Warrants 1st Ser. File 601. No. 1891 [Six white silver salt-cellars, gilt on the] swages.
1513 in Archaeologia 56 333 A bason of syluer all playn the swages gilt.
1513 in Archaeologia 56 335 A litle candelsticke of siluer, swages gilt wt a nose.
1517 in Archaeologia (1908) 61 86 ij newe chalices with vernacles in the patene the swages of the patens overgilt.
1539 in W. Herbert Hist. 12 Great Livery Comp. Lond. (1836) II. 196 The said Rob't disceytfully dyd sette swags for feyt to the same pecys [of silver].
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xiv. 4/1 The fillet or swage, is that ring or edge which is on the outside ye brime [of a dish].
1739 Act 12 Geo. II c. 26 §6 Any Sorts of Tippings or Swages on Stone or Ivory Cases.
b. A circular or semicircular depression or groove, as on an anvil (cf. swage-anvil at attributive uses of sense 2b.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > [noun] > action of making indentation > an indentation on a surface
hollowc897
printa1387
impression1398
puncha1430
dent1565
dint1590
dinge1611
doke1615
impressurea1616
depressure1626
depression1665
dawk1678
swage1680
indent1690
sinking1712
dunkle1788
indenture1793
delve1811
subsidation1838
indention1839
recess1839
indentation1847
incavation1852
deepening1859
sink1875
malleation1881
ding1922
1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. xi. 196 The Point cuts a fine Hollow Circle or Swage in the Flat of the Board.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 308/2 In the face of this kinde of Anvil are smal halfe round nicks, which are termed Swages.
2. † a. = gauge n. 11. Obsolete.attributive.1843 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. I. 225 A swage-tool five feet long worked by machinery.1843 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. I. 231 The holes in the swage block..are used after the manner of heading tools for large objects.1843 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. I. 427 The metal may be gradually reduced by one pair of swage-bits.1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 312 Swage, to work iron in a groove, or into any particular form. The anvil employed for this purpose is called a swage-anvil.1869 W. J. M. Rankine Cycl. Machine & Hand-tools Pl.P 9 The swage-hammer.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for marking out work > [noun] > for marking lines parallel to edge
gauge1678
swage1688
peak1825
marking gauge1875
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 366/2 A..Joyners Gage (of some termed a Swage).
b. A tool for bending cold metal (or moulding potter's clay) to the required shape; also, a die or stamp for shaping metal on an anvil, in a press, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > other general shaping equipment
runner1769
mandrel1790
swage1812
rounder1846
crimper1855
rougher1867
society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > for bending cold metal
swage1812
swedge1825
bending cradle1874
1812 P. Nicholson Mech. Exercises 353 [Smithing:] Swages, all instruments used to give the form or contour of any moulding, &c. used in the same manner as the rounding tool.
1831 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal I. ix. 147 The sides of the metal are then bent up with swages in the usual way, so as to bring the two edges as close together as possible.
1832 C. Babbage Econ. Machinery & Manuf. xi. 69 The smith..has small blocks of steel into which are sunk cavities of various shapes; these are called swages, and are generally in pairs. Thus if he wants a round bolt, terminating in a cylindrical head of larger diameter,..he uses a corresponding swaging-tool.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 379 In order to make the bolster of a given size,..it is introduced into a die, and a swage placed upon it.
1845 Encycl. Metrop. VIII. 454/1 [article Pottery] With..finger and thumb,..or with his fingers only, he gives the first rude form to the vessel, and by a swage, rib, or other utensil,..smooths the inside.
1883 W. J. E. Crane Smithy & Forge 30 Swages..consist of tools having certain definite shapes, so that the hot iron, being placed in or below them, takes their shape when struck.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
swagev.1
/sweɪdʒ/, U.S. /sweɪdʒ/, /swɛdʒ/ Obsolete exc. archaic or dialect.
= assuage v.
a. transitive. To appease, mitigate, pacify, relieve, reduce, abate.† (d) To digest. Obsolete.
(a) emotion, violent action, troubled thoughts, cares, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)] > mitigate or alleviate
lithec897
lighteOE
lissea1000
stillc1000
alightOE
alithe?a1200
softc1225
swagec1330
abate?c1335
easea1374
accoya1375
allegea1375
stintc1374
slakea1387
assuage1393
planea1400
slecka1400
plasterc1400
soften?c1415
lighten?a1425
mitigate?a1425
relievec1425
asoftc1430
alleviate?a1475
allevya1500
sletcha1500
alleve1544
allevate1570
salve?1577
sweetena1586
smooth1589
disembitter1622
deleniate1623
slaken1629
tranquillitate1657
soothe1711
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 4570 Whan sire Cesar..Had pesed & swaged al þer ire.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 13868 He suaged him wit wordes heind.
a1450 Knt. de la Tour ix Fastinge is an abstinence of vertu, right couenable to swage the yre of God.
c1450 Guy Warw. (Cambr.) 5266 Tyll þey be swaged..And chastysed thorow þer owtrage.
1508 J. Fisher Treat. Penyt. Psalmes sig. aa.iii The woodnes of the foresayd wycked spyryte sholde be mytygate and swaged.
1562 Bp. J. Pilkington Expos. Abdyas Pref. 13 To abate their pride, & swage their malice.
1656 A. Cowley Davideis iii. 92 in Poems Thus chear'd he Saul, thus did his fury swage.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 556 Nor wanting power to mitigate and swage With solemn touches, troubl'd thoughts. View more context for this quotation
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 184 Apt words have power to swage The tumors of a troubl'd mind. View more context for this quotation
(b) bodily injury or pain, swelling, etc.
ΚΠ
c1305 Pilate 175 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 116 His hurte was al swaged.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl.) v. xxxiii A marie of fatnes..to swage þe coldnes of bones of þe breeste plaate.
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 165 Ȝeue him metis & drynkis þat mowe swage þe cowȝe.
a1505 R. Henryson Sum Pract. Med. 33 in Poems (1981) 180 With the snowt of ane selch, ane swelling to swage.
c1555 W. Baldwin & T. Palfreyman Treat. Moral Philos. (new ed.) v. v. sig. Nivv All doubtfull diseases to swage and to cure.
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 63 With roots of eeche herb I swadgde my great hunger.
1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 46 It swageth the paines and stitches of the breast.
1882 J. H. Nodal & G. Milner Gloss. Lancs. Dial.: Pt. II Suage, swage..to remove a swelling by fomentation.
(c) storm, wind, heat, or other physical force. Also in figurative context (cf. a(a)).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)]
temperc1000
keelc1175
slakea1300
abate?c1335
settle1338
swagea1340
modifyc1385
rebatea1398
bate1398
moder1414
releasea1425
remiss?a1425
moderate1435
alethe?1440
delaya1450
appal1470
addulce1477
mollify1496
mean?a1513
relent1535
qualify1536
temperatea1540
aplake1578
slack1589
relaxate1598
milden1603
mitigate1611
relax1612
alleniate1615
allay1628
alloy1634
castigate1653
smoothen1655
tendera1656
mitify1656
meeken1662
remitigate1671
obviscate1684
slacken1685
chastise1704
dulcify1744
absorb1791
demulceate1817
chasten1856
modulate1974
mediate1987
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter lxxxviii. 10 [lxxxix. 9] Þou ert lord til þe myght of þe see: þe stirynge..of þe stremys of it þou swagis.
1408 tr. Vegetius' De Re Milit. (Digby 233 lf. 225/1) Þe hete of þe sonne smotheth and swageth þe scharpe blastes of þe wyndes.
c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi iii. xxxix. 110 Þou..swagist þe mevinges of his flodes.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. iii. 84 Thus said he, and with that word hastely The swelland seis hes swagit.
1549–62 T. Sternhold & J. Hopkins Whole Bk. Psalms li. 8 And that my strength may now amend, which thou hast swagde for my trespace.
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 25 Thee wynds with bloodshed were swagd.
a1600 A. Montgomerie Misc. Poems xxxi. 43 (Laing MS.) Thy angell withe þame abod þe fyre to suaige.
1635 F. Quarles Emblemes iii. iii. 133 Quench, quench my flames, & swage these scorching fires.
1849 F. W. Faber Jesus & Mary 156 What shall I do for thee, poor heart! Thy throbbing heat to swage?
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > digest [verb (transitive)]
seetheOE
defy1362
fyc1390
brookc1400
convertc1400
enduec1430
sleep1481
digest1483
concoct1533
decoct1541
diger?1541
confect1578
coque1615
concorporate1656
coct1662
swage1768
stomach1822
digerate-
1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess i. 52 Her stammack had nae maughts sick meat to swage.
b. intransitive.† (b) to swage of: to mitigate, abate. Obsolete.
(a) To be appeased, relieved, or reduced; to decrease, abate.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > become less violent or severe [verb (intransitive)]
allayc1275
softc1300
assuage1330
swagec1330
slakea1352
stanchc1420
overslakec1425
appeasec1440
to swage ofc1440
to sit downa1555
soften1565
slack1580
mitigate1633
moderate1737
gentle1912
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 9676 Til he were warysched of his syknesse, Or his penaunce y-swaged lesse.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 24350 Quen þat squyme be-gan to squage.
c1412 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 4203 (Roxb.) 151 They felt his expenses swage, And were to hym vnkynde.
a1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 100 Þe pacient was delyuered of akyng and þe arme biganne for to swage.
1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. i. 3 Than swaged the loue bitwene him and Sir Barnabo.
1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xliiiiv Yf one of the brestes swage, whiche before was in good lykynge, the other remaynyng sounde and safe.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxxvj Lest the dukes courage should swage, or hys mynd should agayne alter.
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 106v Where salt and fresh the poole renues, As Spring and drowth encrease or swage.
1609 Euerie Woman in her Humor sig. A3 That moouing marish element, that swels and swages as it please the moone.
1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi vi. ii. 10/1 The Brains left in the Child's Head would swell and swage, according to the Tides.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > become less violent or severe [verb (intransitive)]
allayc1275
softc1300
assuage1330
swagec1330
slakea1352
stanchc1420
overslakec1425
appeasec1440
to swage ofc1440
to sit downa1555
soften1565
slack1580
mitigate1633
moderate1737
gentle1912
c1440 York Myst. xxx. 371 Bidde them swage of þer sweying.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† swagev.2
Obsolete.
1. intransitive. To direct a blow, swing.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > intention > intend [verb (intransitive)] > have as an object
aimc1450
swagec1540
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7430 Þe sun of Theseus..choppit to Ector: With a swyng of his sword swagit on þe prinse.
2. transitive. To discharge (a gun or ballista).
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > management of artillery > operate (artillery) [verb (transitive)] > discharge (artillery)
swagec1420
smitea1475
playa1616
unload1633
to touch off1907
Archie1915
c1420 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 1038 He gan swage gonnes as he had be woode.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 219 Gunnare, or he þat swagythe a gunne, petrarius, mangonalius.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
swagev.3
/sweɪdʒ/, U.S. /sweɪdʒ/, /swɛdʒ/ transitive. To shape or bend by means of a swage.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > shaping tool
behewc1314
turn?c1335
chisel1517
hew1617
axe1700
rout1818
block1831
swage1831
jigsaw1873
router1890
hot-press1947
1831 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal I. ix. 141 The article being thus hammered, is next pared with shears to the shape required, after which it is swaged or turned up at the edges.
1832 C. Babbage Econ. Machinery & Manuf. xi. 69 The smith..has small blocks of steel into which are sunk cavities of various shapes; these are called swages, and are generally in pairs. Thus if he wants a round bolt, terminating in a cylindrical head of larger diameter,..he uses a corresponding swaging-tool.
1838 F. W. Simms Public Wks. Great Brit. 48 The bolt to be swaged and made truly cylindrical.
1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 312 Swage, to work iron in a groove, or into any particular form. The anvil employed for this purpose is called a swage-anvil.
1877 W. Jones Finger-ring Lore 266 A ring..found at Fransham, has the hoop swaged or twisted.
1904 Times 20 Aug. 7/6 The sectional poles shall be..swaged together when hot so as to make a perfect joint.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
n.1a1400
n.21374
v.1c1305
v.2c1420v.31831