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单词 thief
释义

thiefn.

Brit. /θiːf/, U.S. /θif/
Inflections: Plural thieves /θiːvz/.
Forms: Old English þæf, Old English þéaf, Old English theb, Old English þéof, Old English þíof, Middle English þeef, Middle English thef, Middle English þef, Middle English þefe, Middle English theff, Middle English þeof, Middle English þeue, Middle English þeve (dative), Middle English theyf, Middle English þief, Middle English thif, Middle English thife, Middle English þof, Middle English þove (dative), Middle English þyef, Middle English thyf, Middle English thyfe, Middle English–1500s thefe, Middle English–1500s theyff, Middle English–1600s theef, Middle English–1600s theefe, Middle English–1600s theeffe, Middle English–1600s theif, 1500s theaf, 1500s theiff, 1500s thieffe, 1500s–1600s thiefe, 1500s– thief; U.S. regional and Caribbean 1800s– tief, 1800s– t'ief, 1900s– teaf, 1900s– teef. Also plural. Middle English theffes, Middle English þefs, Middle English þeifs, Middle English þewes, Middle English–1500s thefes.
Etymology: Old English þíof, þéof (North. þéaf). Common Germanic; in Old Frisian thiaf, Old Saxon thiof (Middle Dutch, Dutch dief, Middle Low German dief, dêf, Low German dêf, plural dêven), Old High German diob, diup (Middle High German diep, German dieb); Old Norse þiófr (Swedish tiuf, Danish tyv), Gothic þiufs, þiuƀ- < Old Germanic *þeuƀoz, pointing to an Indo-European ablaut-series *teup-, toup-, tup-: compare Lithuanian tupēti to crouch down. The final consonant represents an unvoicing of the stem consonant, which appears in the inflected forms and the derivatives, as plural thieves, thievery, etc.
1. One who takes portable property from another without the knowledge or consent of the latter, converting it to his own use; one who steals.
a. spec. One who does this by stealth; esp. from the person; one who commits theft or larceny.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [noun]
thief688
bribera1387
stealer1508
taker?a1513
goodfellow1566
snatcher1575
lift1591
liftera1592
larcin1596
Tartar1602
lime-twig1606
outparter1607
Tartarian1608
flick1610
puggard1611
gilt1620
nim1630
highwayman1652
cloyer1659
out-trader1660
Robin Goodfellow1680
birdlime1705
gyp1728
filch1775
kiddy1780
snaveller1781
larcenist1803
pincher1814
geach1821
wharf-rat1823
toucher1837
larcener1839
snammer1839
drummer1856
gun1857
forker1867
gunsmith1869
nabber1880
thiever1899
tea-leaf1903
gun moll1908
nicker1909
knocker-off1926
possum1945
scuffler1961
rip-off1969
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [noun] > who works by stealth
thief688
hole-creeper1462
stalker?a1513
sneak1785
creep1914
snooper1924
688–95 Laws of Ine c. 12 gif ðeof sie gefongen.
?a900 Durham Admon. in Old Eng. Texts 176 Wið netena ungetionu & ðiofum.
c975 Rushw. Gosp. Matt. vi. 19 Ne hydeþ eow hord..þær ðiofes [Lindisf. ðeafas, Ags. Gosp. ðeofas, L. fures] adelfaþ ne forstelaþ.
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: John (Corpus Cambr.) x. 1 Se þe ne gæð æt þam gete into sceapa falde, ac styhþ elles ofer he is þeof [Lind. ðeaf, Rush. ðæf] & sceaða [L. fur et latro].
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 29 Rubberes and þa reueres and þa þeoues.
a1200 Moral Ode (Lamb. MS.) 43 For þer ne þerf he bon of-dred of fure ne of þoue [v.r. þeve].
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 61 Oðer þurh fur, oðer þurh þiefes, oðer þurh roberie.
a1300 St. Gregory 997 in Herrig Archiv LVII. 69 Þou þeefes fere, Þou ne dost bote make men of þe speke.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1773 Ðu me ransakes als an ðef.
c1386 G. Chaucer Doctor's Tale 83 A theef [v.rr. theefe, þeef, þef, þeof] of venyson..Kan kepe a fforest best of any man.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 52 So that an yhe is as a thief To love, and doth ful gret meschief.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4891, l. 4892 Yon er theues we lelmen wend, And theif [Gött. thif, Fairf. thefe, Trin. Cambr. þeof] es he þam hider send.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15970 Iudas was iesu aumnere, bath theif [Trin. Cambr. þeef] and traitur bald.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 7234 Þer is noon so myche may greue As traitour derne & priue þeue.
14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 694/1 Hic..fur, a theffe.
c1420 Chron. Vilod. 2923 Bot þe Iaylardes folowedone þis theff fulle fast.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ii. l. 392 I trow thow be sum spy, Or ellis a theyff.
1532–3 Act 24 Hen. VIII c. 5 An Acte where a Man kyllyng a Theffe shall not forfayte his Goodes.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iii. i. 86 The theefe gone with so much, and so much to finde the theefe, and no satisfaction, no reuenge. View more context for this quotation
1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 229 When thou commest into a strange place, thinke all men there to be theeves.
1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §46 How comes He then like a theefe in the night? View more context for this quotation
1678 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 163 Thou art a Theif and a Robber. View more context for this quotation
1678 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 165 He did hang his head like a Thief . View more context for this quotation
1773 J. Hawkesworth Acct. Voy. Southern Hemisphere III. i. x. 100 The people of this country [sc. Otaheite],..are the errantest thieves upon the face of the earth.
1878 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) III. xviii. 243 There is more spirit and a better heart in a robber than in a thief.
1879 R. Jefferies Wild Life 160 The robin is accused of being a terrible thief of currants.
b. In more general sense, comprehending such as rob with violence; e.g. robbers, freebooters, pirates, etc.; now rare except as a general designation of one who obtains goods by fraudulent means, over-reaching, deceit, etc. border thieves, the freebooters of the Scottish Border, whose depredations were so notorious in the 16th century. †thief of the sea, a pirate, sea-thief n.In the Revised Version of the New Testament, in all cases where thief in the 1611 version renders ληστής, Vulgate latro, it is changed to robber, and thief only retained where it renders κλέπτης, Vulgate fūr.
ΚΠ
a700 Epinal Gloss (O.E.T.) 630 Mimoparo, thebscib.
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxi. 13 gie worhton ða ilca cofa (vel græfe) ðeafana [L. latronum; c975 Rushw. Gosp. gescræfe ðiofas (vel scaþena), c1000 Ags. Gosp. þeofa cote].
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxvi. 55 Eall-swa to þeofe [Lindsif. mor-sceaðe, Rushw. scaþe, L. latronem] ge synt cumene mid swurdum.
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: John (Corpus Cambr.) xviii. 40 Witodlice barrabbas wæs þeof [Lindisf. morsceaðe, Rushw. sceaða, L. latro, Gk. ληστής, Wyclif, Rhem. theef, theefe, Tindale, 1611 robber].
c1200 Vices & Virt. 51 Betwenen twa þieues.
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 6631 Þise Sarsynes þeues þey drof awey.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 37 Þer ys a þyef open and a þyef ywreȝe, a þief priue and a þyef uelaȝe.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xxvii. 38 Thanne two theeues [L. latrones] ben crucified with him.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 329 Þe men of þat lond beeþ schipmen and þeues of þe see.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10297 Stalworth men..þat moght again þe theues [Gött. thefes] fight.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1142 Hit were rafte wyth vnryȝt & robbed wyth þewes.
1436 Libel Eng. Policy in Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 164 The grettest rovers and the grettest thevys That have bene in the see many oone yere.
1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay sig. Nviv The tirannis and oppressours and theyffis.
1567 R. Maitland Complaynt i Of Liddisdaill the commoun theifis Sa pertlie steillis now and reifis, That nane may keip Hors, nolt, nor scheip: Nor yit dar sleip, For thair mischeifis.
1567 R. Maitland Complaynt iv Thay thiefis have neirhand herreit haill Ettricke forest and Lawderdaill.
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. x. 45 Till there were constituted great Commonwealths, it was thought no dishonour to be..a High-way Theefe.
1678 R. L'Estrange tr. Of Happy Life vii. 91 in Seneca's Morals Abstracted (1679) Nothing is more Common, than for Great Thieves to ride in Triumph, when the little ones are punish'd.
1712 tr. Arabian Nights Entertainm. (1785) 561/2 The Story of Ali Baba, and the Forty Thieves.
1892 R. Kipling Barrack-room Ballads 77 Who rides at the tail of a Border thief, he sits not long at his meat.
c. In proverbial expressions.
ΚΠ
c1230 Hali Meid. 17 Man seið þat eise makeð þeof.
1545 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Prouerbes (new ed.) sig. Iv Aske my felawe if I be a thefe.
1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue i. x. sig. Ciii A paterne, as mete as a rope for a thefe.
1555 J. Heywood Two Hundred Epigrammes with Thyrde sig. C.iiv When theues faule out, trewe men cum to theyr goode.
1670 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Prov. 129 Opportunity makes the thief.
1670 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Prov. 148 Set a thief to take a thief.
1791 J. Bentham Panopt. in Wks. (1843) IV. 225 A sort of honour may be found (according to a proverbial saying) even among thieves.
1833 T. Hook Parson's Daughter II. ii. 48 She and my wife are as thick as thieves, as the proverb goes.
d. figurative. That which steals or furtively takes away.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > taking surreptitiously > [noun] > that which
thief1742
grazer1979
1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the First 18 Procrastination is the Thief of Time.
1838 L. Hunt Rondeau 3 Time, you thief, who love to get Sweets into your list, put that in.
2.
a. As a general term of reproach or opprobrium: Evil man, villain, scoundrel. (Still dialect.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > villainy > villain > [noun]
waryOE
geringc1290
thief1297
villain1303
gerardc1350
villainc1400
villainist1596
viliaco1600
evil genius1688
villagio1820
badman1855
society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [noun] > wicked person > villain
geringc1290
thief1297
villain1303
gerardc1350
meschant1490
miscredent?a1500
miscreant1590
villainist1596
viliaco1600
villagio1820
badman1855
meanie1932
baddie1934
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 5621 Þis þef þat lay bi neþe..smot þen king..in þe brust.
a1300 K. Horn. 323 Hennes þu go, þu fule þeof.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 786 He sayde þaire ioy walde be mykel, þis fals þefe þat was so fikel.
c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 15271 This wicked theff Achilles Thi bretheren hath sclayn with-oute les.
c1425 Cast. Persev. 1137 in Macro Plays 111 For ilke man callyth oþer ‘hore & thefe’.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xij Thou trayter thefe, thou hast bene a traitour to kyng Richard.
1653 H. Holcroft tr. Procopius Gothick Warre iii. 107 in tr. Procopius Hist. Warres Justinian These Theeves alledge, to provoke you to a War, our holding Syrmium, and some other places in Dacia.
a1800 S. Pegge Suppl. Grose's Provinc. Gloss. (1814) Thief, a general term of reproach, not confined to stealing.
1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona ix. 102 Yon thief of the black midnight, Simon Fraser.
b. old (auld), ill thief: the Devil. Scottish dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [noun]
devileOE
Beelzebubc950
the foul ghosteOE
SatanOE
warlockOE
SatanasOE
worsea1200
unwinea1225
wondc1250
quedea1275
pucka1300
serpenta1300
dragon1340
shrew1362
Apollyon1382
the god of this worldc1384
Mahoundc1400
leviathan1412
worsta1425
old enemyc1449
Ruffin1567
dismal1570
Plotcocka1578
the Wicked One1582
goodman1603
Mahu1603
foul thief1609
somebody1609
legiona1616
Lord of Flies1622
walliman1629
shaitan1638
Old Nicka1643
Nick1647
unsel?1675
old gentleman1681
old boy1692
the gentleman in black1693
deuce1694
Black Spy1699
the vicious one1713
worricow1719
Old Roger1725
Lord of the Flies1727
Simmie1728
Old Scratch1734
Old Harry1777
Old Poker1784
Auld Hornie1786
old (auld), ill thief1789
old one1790
little-good1821
Tom Walker1833
bogy1840
diabolarch1845
Old Ned1859
iniquity1899
1789 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 490 The Ill-thief blaw the Heron south!
1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man III. 38 Cuffed about by the ‘auld thief’ as they styled him.
1893 Westm. Gaz. 21 Feb. 9/2 What does D stand for?—The first letter o' the Auld Thief's name.
3. transferred.
†a. Applied to a goshawk. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > family Accipitridae (hawks, etc.) > [noun] > genus Accipiter > accipiter gentilis (goshawk)
goshawkc1000
ostour1293
ostridgec1330
thief1486
star-hawk1668
pigeon hawk1731
blue hawk?a1775
gos1787
1486 Bk. St. Albans d ij A Goshawke shulde not flie to any fowle of the Ryuer with bellis in no wise, and therfore a Goshawke is calde a theef.
†b. A kind of wild bee said to rob hives. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > superfamily Apoidea (bees) > bee that robs hives
thief1608
robber1622
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 82 Some haue thought that theeues are one proper sort of Bees, although they be very great, and blacke, hauing a larger bellie or Bulke then the true Bee, and yet lesser then the Drones.
1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 920 The Theeves being naturally odious to the Bees, steal upon their labours when they are absent, wasting and spoyling their provision of honey.
c. A shoot from the root of a vine, rose-bush, or other trained shrub, which robs the main stem of its strength.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch > young branch, twig, or shoot
sprittle?c1225
leader1572
arrow1574
graft1576
thief1669
leading shoot1712
coppice shoot1851
Lammas shoot1929
1669 J. Rose Eng. Vineyard (1675) 28 Rubbing off the thieves which sprung from the roots of the plant.
d. modern slang. A horse that does not run up to form in a race.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > racehorse > not on form
thief1896
mutt1899
1896 J. Porter Kingsclere 127 Gay Hampton..turned out a terrible ‘thief’, and a savage.
4. ‘An excrescence in the snuff of a candle’ (Johnson) which causes it to gutter and waste.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > [noun] > wick > snuff > excrescence in
thief1628
1628 T. May tr. Virgil Georgicks i. 20 Theeves about the snuffe do grow.
1640 J. Fletcher & J. Shirley Night-walker ii. sig. D2 Me thinkes the light burnes blew, I prethee snuffe it There's a theefe in't I thinke.
1642 J. Howell Instr. Forreine Travell xviii. 222 If there bee a theefe in the Candle, (as wee use to say commonly) there is a way to pull it out.
1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. ii. x. sig. P5v (heading) Upon a Thief in a Candle.
1796 F. Burney Camilla II. iv. viii. 407 [He] perceived a thief in the candle, which made it run down..over his hand, and the sleeve of his coat.
1824 C. Lamb Let. 9 Jan. (1935) II. 413 My wick hath a thief in it, but I can't muster courage to snuff it.

Compounds

C1. General attributive thief-like adj. and adv., thief-taker n.
a.
thief-catching n.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > law enforcement > law-enforcement or peace-officer > [adjective] > detecting and capturing thieves
thief-catching1737
thief-taking1771
1737 Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 592/1 I do not know that the Army has ever been employed in any sort of Thief-catching, except with respect to those Thieves called Smugglers.
thief-colony n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > penal settlement > for thieves
thief-colony1786
1786 A. Dalrymple (title) A Serious Admonition to the Publick, on the Intended Thief-Colony at Botany Bay.
thief-craft n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > [noun] > professional
prigging law1591
Cyllenian art1738
priggism1743
thief-craft1859
1859 W. Anderson Discourses (1860) 291 Adepts in the fashionable thief-craft.
thief-den n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [noun] > thieves' den
thief-den1844
1844 E. A. Poe Marginalia in Wks. (1902) XVI. 20 A race of dolts..whose clumsily stolen bulls never fail of leaving behind them ample evidence of having been dragged into the thief-den by the tail.
thief-detector n.
ΚΠ
1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. Thief-detector..a delicate microphone designed for seismological studies, but so arranged by Milne that it gives notice of tremors produced by the gentlest footstep in its neighborhood.
thief-maker n.
b.
thief-proof adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > [noun] > safety or invulnerability > specific invulnerability
pistol-proof1590
stick-free1621
rabbit-proof1832
thief-proof1856
1856 G. Price (title) A Treatise on Fire & Thief-proof Depositories.
thief-resistant adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > [adjective] > stolen > able to be > not
theftless1803
thief-resisting1904
thief-resistant1963
1963 B.S.I. News June 9/1 It was the insurance companies and police who first asked the British Standards Institution to lay down a standard for locks for outside doors which really would be thief-resistant.
1968 Observer 22 Dec. 22/2 Locks should be built in and made to British Standard 3621, which ensures that they are thief-resistant, although not thief-proof.
thief-resisting adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > [adjective] > stolen > able to be > not
theftless1803
thief-resisting1904
thief-resistant1963
1904 Daily Chron. 29 Sept. 1/6 Safes.., fire and thief-resisting.
thief-stolen adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > [adjective] > stolen
stolenc1380
stole1393
thief-stolen1551
bribed1552
lifted1559
embezzled1603
purloined1607
felon1631
rifled1638
furtive1718
stealed1883
crook1900
hot-stuffed1929
liberated1944
nicked1955
ripped1971
1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Dvi The Kynge: whome they thynke to haue no more ryghte to the thefe stolen thynge than the thieffe himselfe hath.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) i. vi. 5 Had I bin Theefe-stolne . View more context for this quotation
C2.
a.
thief and reever bell n. see quots.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > sound of instruments > [noun] > sound of bell > large bell
knoll1379
toll1452
knolling1480
tollinga1513
tonging1584
thief and reever bell1777
bell-toll1860
donga1882
tong1881
1777 J. Brand Observ. Pop. Antiq. 17 A Bell, usually called the Thief and Reever Bell, proclaims our two annual Fairs.
1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Thief and Reever-Bell, the name given to the tolling of the great bell of Saint Nicholas, Newcastle, which is rung at 8 o'clock of the evening preceding every fair.
thief-ant n. a small ant of the genus Solenopsis which raids the nests of other ants to steal food.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > ant > member of genus Solenopsis (thief-ant)
fire ant1796
thief-ant1904
1904 W. M. Wheeler in Amer. Naturalist 36 952 The walls of the galleries in some of the formicaries were tenanted by teeming colonies of the..thief ant.
1924 J. A. Thomson Sci. Old & New xiv. 79 A little thief-ant, Solenopsis, that..burgles the beetles' houses.
1971 E. O. Wilson Insect Societies xix. 357/1 Colonies of the ‘thief ants’..often nest next to larger ant species.
thief-bote n. see theft-boot n.
thief-catcher n. (a) one who catches thieves; = thief-taker n.; (b) a device used formerly in apprehending thieves.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > law enforcement > law-enforcement or peace-officer > [noun] > one who detects and captures thieves
thief-taker1535
prig-napper1676
thief-catcher1732
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > procedures used in spying > [noun] > a pursuer or detective
thief-taker1535
beagle1559
thief-catcher1732
bloodhound1818
sleuth-hound1856
Richard1914
prodnose1965
the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > [noun] > lamp > lantern
lanternc1385
thief-catcher1851
society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > arrest > [noun] > catching thieves > device for
thief-catcher1851
1732 A. Bower Historia Litteraria 4 83 The Draper, to engage the Thief-catcher to his Interests, made him a Present of a Suit of Clothes.
1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick cviii. 523 What art thou thrusting that thief-catcher into my face for, man? Thrusted light is worse than presented pistols.
1891 Daily News 6 Nov. 3/1 The thief-catcher..is a shrewd piece of work, from which no head, leg, or arm could extricate itself once caught.
thief-key n. a skeleton key.
† thief-land n. Obsolete a name for Botany Bay.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > named cities or towns > [noun] > in Australia > Sydney > Botany Bay
thief-land1820
1820 Examiner No. 614. 39/2 Inauspicious unliterary Thiefland.
† thief-leader n. Obsolete a thief-taker.
ΚΠ
1692 R. L'Estrange Fables cccclxvii. 441 A Wolf had the Fortune to pass by, as the Thief-Leaders were Dragging a..Fox to the Place of Execution.
thief-tube n. see quot.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > [noun] > testing or measuring > instruments
zymosimeter1704
alcoholometer1803
alcohometer1809
alcoometer1825
alcoholmeter1831
zymometer1842
thief-tube1877
1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Thief-tube, a tube for withdrawing of liquids from casks, etc. A sampling-tube; a ve-linche.
† thief-wyke n. Obsolete see quot.
ΚΠ
c1350 in Eng. Gilds (1870) 350 Þer sholde be twey baylyues y-swore in þe Citee, and treweleche þe þefwyke wytye.
b. Also with thieves'
thieves' cat n. see quots.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > instrument or place of corporal punishment > [noun] > whip or scourge > cat-o'-nine-tails
cat-o'-nine-tails1695
cat1788
bone-polisher1803
thieves' cat1867
martinet1881
bush1895
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Thieves' Cat, a cat-o'-nine-tails having knots upon it..used for the punishment of theft.
1899 Daily News 19 Sept. 6/3 The ‘cat’ used at Macquarie Harbour..was called ‘the thief's cat’, or ‘double cat o' nine-tails’.
thieves' hole n. a dungeon reserved for thieves.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > dungeon
dungOE
pitc1300
lakea1382
dungeonc1390
donjona1400
little-easea1529
thieves' hole1578
dungeon cell?1674
oubliette1777
1578 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1882) IV. 86 For..dichting of the new wall, clenging of the thevis hoill, and the vther the commoun affaris.
1864 A. McKay Hist. Kilmarnock (1880) 45 A loathsome dungeon called the Thieves'-hole.
thieves' kitchen n. a place inhabited by thieves or other criminals; also transferred.
ΚΠ
1851 Athenæum 1 Mar. 249/1 In one of the courts it appears there is an establishment..called the ‘Thieves' Kitchen’. It consists of two large cellars, in which every night are gathered a crowd of the lowest beggars and thieves..huddled together in a space scarcely sufficient to contain them.
1868 A. J. Munby Diary 29 Jan. in D. Hudson Munby (1972) 248 We went to see the Thieves' Kitchen,..a large long antique cellar,..men and lads, perhaps 15 in all, lounging on benches. All thieves.
1894 W. J. Locke At Gate of Samaria (1895) xxvii. 319 They went together to East End music halls, bank holiday gatherings, thieves' kitchens, night clubs in the West End.
1909 J. R. Ware Passing Eng. Victorian Era 243/2 Thieves' kitchen (London Street, 1882), the name satirically given to the then new Law Courts.
1960 Observer 24 Jan. 5/5 Where did I think the biggest thieves' kitchen was to-day?
1973 P. Geddes Ottawa Allegation iii. 32 A Whitehall trusty, too, once away from the thieves' kitchen of intelligence and admitted to the counsels of the mandarins.
1974 ‘M. Innes’ Mysterious Comm. xviii. 162 The place was certainly no thieves' kitchen. Honeybath..became aware of its respectable opulence.
1994 Alamogordo (New Mexico) Daily News 7 Jan. (Features section) 9/1 Doesn't the scriupture say ‘my house shall be called a house of prayer for all nations’? But you have turned it into a thieves' kitchen.
thieves' Latin n. cant used by thieves.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > a language > register > [noun] > jargon > used by thieves or disreputable characters
pedlar's French1530
peddling French?1536
cant1706
slang1756
patter1758
rogue's Latin1818
thieves' Latin1821
Rotwelsch1827
underworld1927
Runyonesque1934
mobese1955
smogger1958
1821 W. Scott Kenilworth III. iv. 60 A very learned man,..and can vent Greek and Hebrew as I can Thieves'-latin.
1840 Comic Lat. Gram. 16 Thieves' Latin, more commonly known by the name of slang... Examples, to prig a wipe—to steal a handkerchief [etc.].
thieves' market n. a street market of a type found in many Eastern cities and elsewhere, at which cheap (sometimes, stolen) goods are offered for sale; cf. flea market n. at flea n. Compounds 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trading place > market > [noun] > street market
street market1833
thieves' market1873
flea market1922
1873 A. Trollope Eustace Diamonds II. xlvii. 278 If such a lot of diamonds had been through the thieves' market in London, they would have left some track behind them.
1927 B. Diqui Visit to Bombay 62 Null Bazaar is..a big market... An interesting section..is the Chor Bazaar. Chor really means ‘thieves.’ Chor Bazaar, then, means the bazaar of thieves. Probably in the past thieves disposed of their stolen property here. In this bazaar—the Petticoat Lane of Bombay—you can buy secondhand articles of any description.]
1953 S. Bedford Sudden View i. xi. 103 The Thieves' Market at Mexico City..where thieves offer goods for sale during a limited time to give the owners a chance.
1979 P. Driscoll Pangolin xiv. 114 Upper Lascar Row, better known as Cat Street, the thieves' market of Hong Kong.
thieves' vinegar n. an infusion of rosemary tops, sage leaves, etc. in vinegar, formerly esteemed as an antidote against the plague.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > preparations treating or preventing specific ailments > [noun] > for the plague > infusions
plague-water1639
Marseilles vinegar1781
thieves' vinegar1802
1802 J. West Infidel Father III. 5 Conversation was for some days confined to ipecacuanha, thieves' vinegar, and smoked tobacco.

Derivatives

ˈthiefwise adv. rare = thief-like adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > [adverb]
theftuouslyc1400
thievishly?c1450
thief-likea1625
thievously1658
make1699
larcenously1864
thievingly1880
thiefwise1898
1898 W. J. Locke Idols vi. 75 Creeping thiefwise up the stairs.
1904 T. Hardy Dynasts: Pt. 1st iv. iii. 114 Stealing up to us Thiefwise, by our back door.

Draft additions 1993

Thiefrow n. a nickname for Heathrow Airport, London, with allusion to its reputation for lax security, luggage theft, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > air or space travel > airfield or airport > [noun] > airport > specific for Heathrow airport
Thiefrow1973
1973 Sunday Mail (Brisbane) 19 Aug. 32 The plundering of cargo at London's Heathrow Airport, is now so prolific that workers there call it ‘Thiefrow’.
1981 E. Ward Baltic Emerald i. 2 Jewel couriers are hired for..security and insurance. Special air freight is available but London Airport is still called Thief Row.
1990 Daily Tel. 27 Aug. 15/8 The last major initiative against baggage-handlers, the workers who prompted the jibes ‘Thiefrow and Gatnick’, was in 1987 when 37 BA staff were arrested.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

thiefv.

Brit. /θiːf/, /tiːf/, U.S. /θif/, /tif/, Caribbean English /tiːf/
Forms:

α. 1800s– tief, 1900s– teaf (rare), 1900s teef, 1800s– t'ief.

β. 1800s– thief.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymon: thief n.
Etymology: < thief n. Compare earlier thieve v.Compare the following earlier passage, apparently showing a variant or derivative of thieve v. in Jamaican Creole (with the final element compare the discussion at talkee-talkee n.):1788 P. Marsden Acct. Island Jamaica 43 Finding a pair of shoes..he took..them... He was ordered to be flogged... The negro all the time..cried out, Massa me no teevee, me takee.
Originally and chiefly Caribbean and U.S. regional (chiefly in African-American usage).
transitive. To steal (something). Also intransitive: to commit theft, to steal.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [verb (transitive)] > to steal
robc1325
thief1836
wog1970
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [verb (intransitive)] > to steal
thief1873
1836 W. G. Simms Mellichampe II. xxiv. 192 'Tis you own sodger guine for tief de milk, dat's let out Brindle and Becky.
1873 C. J. G. Rampini Lett. from Jamaica 180 When black man tief, him tief half a bit.., when buckra tief, him tief whole estate.
1886 Leisure Hour Nov. 753/1 I heard Dime's indignant assertion, ‘I never thiefed anything in my life.’
1923 J. S. Heyward Brown Jackets 58 An' don't teef nuttin wah ain't b'longs ter yo'.
1971 Fremdsprachen 15 64 When a teacher of my acquaintance asked where so-and-so got his wonderful new penknife from, back came the answer: ‘He tiefed it, miss’!
2019 @1jeneese 26 Dec. in twitter.com (accessed 25 Mar. 2021) Weh dem a try prevent? We thiefing the crown?
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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