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单词 bowel
释义

boweln.1

/ˈbaʊɪl/
Forms: Middle English buel, Middle English bewelle, bouel, Middle English–1500s bowele, bowelle, Middle English bawelly, boel, bowalle, bowaly, bowyle, boyell, Middle English–1700s bowell, Middle English– bowel.
Etymology: Middle English buel , bouel , < Old French boel, buel, bouel, masculine (also boele , buele , bouele feminine) = Provençal budel , Italian budello < late Latin botellus pudding, sausage (Martial), in late popular Latin ‘a small intestine’, diminutive of botulus a sausage (compare also pudding n.).
I. singular.
1.
a. One of the divisions of the alimentary canal below the stomach; an intestine, a gut. Now rare in the singular except in medical use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > intestines > [noun]
tharma700
ropeeOE
wombeOE
entrailc1330
arse-ropesa1382
entraila1382
bowel1393
bellyc1400
manifold?c1400
gutc1460
tripe?a1505
trillibub1519
puddingsa1525
singles1567
fibre1598
intestine1598
gutlet1615
colon1622
garbage1638
pud1706
intestinule1836
1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 265 She toke her after the bowele Of the seewolf.
c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 293 In a bouel of þat best he [Jonah] bidez on lyue.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde ii. vi. 75 They [the Olyphaunts] haue to fore them in maner of boyell grete and large.
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Brasten bowell, bubonocele.
1884 Nature 27 Mar. 497/1 The seat of the disease, namely, the bowel.
b. Gut (as a material). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other animal raw materials > [noun] > gut
bowela1475
therm1549
tharm1671
guta1774
tharm-string1787
a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 5 Harpe strynges made of bowel.
c. Any internal organ of the body. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > internal organs > [noun]
innethc888
guta1000
inwardc1000
inwarda1300
entrailc1330
innerera1340
entraila1382
inwardness1388
bowelc1440
paunch?c1475
umbles1536
parts entire1596
inmeat1616
in-parta1629
internalsa1629
giblet1647
viscera1651
pluck1711
viscus1728
inside1741
trollibags1824
innards1825
interior1835
splanchnology1842
work1884
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 46 Bowalle or bowelle, viscus.
1620 T. Venner Via Recta viii. 169 These two bowels, especially the liuer, doe vehemently desire sweete things.
1674 R. Godfrey Var. Injuries in Physick 118 The Stomach..so useful and necessary a Bowel that no Animal lives without it.
1752 T. Simson Inq. Vital & Animal Actions v. 224 No bowel is more frequently mutilated..than the brain.
II. plural collectively.
2.
a. The intestines or entrails; the portions of the intestinal canal contained within the abdomen.
ΚΠ
c1300 K. Alis. 4668 Theo bowelis weoren y-nomen out, And for-brent.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) v. xlii. 158 The bowelles ben cominly called the guttes.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16505 He brest in tua his buels [Trin. Cambr. boweles] all, vte at his wambe þai wrang.
1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 111 Good for the brekinge and bursting of the bowelles.
1611 Bible (King James) Ezek. vii. 19 They shall not satisfie their soules, neither fill their bowels . View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 800 They return, and howle and gnaw My Bowels, their repast. View more context for this quotation
1758 S. Johnson Idler 5 Aug. 137 The anatomical novice tears out the living bowels of an animal.
1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 154 [It] brought on so violent an affection of his bowels.
1813 J. Thomson Lect. Inflammation 189 Bathing the feet and legs gives relief in inflammation of the bowels.
b. The (external) belly. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1703 London Gaz. No. 3932/4 Several Warts on him [a horse], one on his Ear, one on his Breast and Bowels.
c. The interior or inside of the body; also figurative. Cf. womb n., heart n., bosom n., breast n. (rarely singular)
ΚΠ
1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 497/2 I shall gyue my law in their bowele.
?a1562 G. Cavendish Life Wolsey (1959) 72 I do bothe lake wytt in my grosse old hed & Cunnyng in my bowelles.
1583 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Serm. on Deuteronomie vi. 33 God will not haue vs to fall..to pulling out of his bowels as they doe which will needes bee searching out of measure.
1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xv. 4 But he that shall come foorth out of thy owne bowels . View more context for this quotation
3.
a. transferred. (Considered as the seat of the tender and sympathetic emotions, hence): Pity, compassion, feeling, ‘heart’. Chiefly plural, and now somewhat archaic. Cf. heart n., int., and adv., breast n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > compassion > [noun]
rutha1200
ruenessa1225
ruefulnessc1225
birewnessa1250
pityc1300
ruea1325
compassionc1340
midtholing1340
miserationa1382
rueinga1382
bowel1382
mildc1390
tendresse1390
ruefulhead?a1400
ruthnessa1400
tendernessa1400
compunction1430
bowels of compassion1526
remorse1538
commiseration1582
kindheartedness1583
commorse1595
earning1603
tender-heartedness1607
compassionateness1614
visceraa1651
ruthfulness1674
karuna1850
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun] > progeny or offspring
bairn-teamc885
childeOE
tudderc897
seedOE
teamOE
wastum971
offspringOE
i-cundeOE
fostera1175
i-streonc1175
strainc1175
brooda1300
begetc1300
barm-teamc1315
issuea1325
progenyc1330
fruit of the loinsa1340
bowel1382
young onec1384
suita1387
engendrurea1400
fruitinga1400
geta1400
birth?a1425
porturec1425
progenityc1450
bodyfauntc1460
generation1477
fryc1480
enfantement1483
infantment1483
blood issue1535
propagation1536
offspring1548
race1549
family?1552
increase1552
breed1574
begetting1611
sperm1641
bed1832
fruitage1850
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > front > belly or abdomen > [noun]
boukc1000
stomachc1400
abdomen?1541
venter1706
bowel1708
bingy1859
Ned Kelly1945
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Phil. i. 8 Hou I coueite ȝou alle in the bowelis of Jhesu Crist.
c1440 Gesta Romanorum 24 Whenne she sawe his blody serke, all her bowelis weere troubelyd more than tunge may telle.
1611 Bible (King James) Phil. ii. 1 If any bowels and mercies. View more context for this quotation
1651 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 110. 1695 Want of bowels in preaching towards them who are in hazard to perish.
1655 T. Fuller Hist. Waltham-Abby 18 in Church-hist. Brit. Bloudy Bonner..full (as one said) of guts and empty of bowels.
1685 J. Crowne Sir Courtly Nice i. 5 The Family is a sad Family, and I tarry out of pure Bowels.
1708 London Gaz. No. 4427/2 To shew their Bowels for their Country.
1798 Anti-Jacobin 14 May 214/2 'Twould have moved a Christian's bowels To hear the doubts he stated.
1832 E. Bulwer-Lytton Eugene Aram I. i. ii. 31 I am a man what can feel for my neighbours. I have bowels—yes, I have bowels.
1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xiii. i. 402 Had idle readers any bowels for him; which they have not.
b. In various archaic phrases as: bowels of compassion, bowels mercies, bowels pity, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > compassion > [noun]
rutha1200
ruenessa1225
ruefulnessc1225
birewnessa1250
pityc1300
ruea1325
compassionc1340
midtholing1340
miserationa1382
rueinga1382
bowel1382
mildc1390
tendresse1390
ruefulhead?a1400
ruthnessa1400
tendernessa1400
compunction1430
bowels of compassion1526
remorse1538
commiseration1582
kindheartedness1583
commorse1595
earning1603
tender-heartedness1607
compassionateness1614
visceraa1651
ruthfulness1674
karuna1850
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. KKviv Close nat your bowelles of charite fro them.
1611 Bible (King James) Coloss. iii. 12 Put on therefore..bowels of mercies. View more context for this quotation
1642 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici ii. §2 Upon the bare suggestion and bowels of pity.
1794 W. Godwin Caleb Williams III. xi. 194 The law has neither eyes, nor ears, nor bowels of humanity.
1873 J. Morley Rousseau II. 218 note It has none of the yearnings of the bowels of tenderness.
4. The interior of anything; heart, centre. Cf. belly n. 9.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > [noun] > that which is within > interior part(s)
inwardness1388
entrail?c1400
entrail1434
bowel1548
pluck1611
viscera1709
embowelment1821
internals1899
innards1903
1548 Duke of Somerset Epist. Inhabitauntes Scotl. 243 Be we not in ye bowels now of the realme?
1584 G. Whetstone Mirour for Magestrates f. 22 Dicyng Houses..within the Bowelles of the famous Citie of London.
1589 ‘M. Marprelate’ Hay any Worke for Cooper A iij Thou wilt enter into the bowels of the cause in hand.
a1593 H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 265 Three days and three nights in the bowels of the earth.
1696 W. Whiston New Theory of Earth ii. 78 All Volcano's, or subterraneous Fires, are in the Bowels of some Mountain.
1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 364 That monster in true policy..a body of men, residing in the bowels of a state, and yet independent of it's laws.
c1860 M. Faraday Var. Forces Nature vi. 164 Brought together in the bowels of the earth.
5. Offspring, children. Obsolete. [Compare Latin viscera.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > [noun] > offspring
seedOE
offspringOE
begottena1325
birtha1325
issuea1325
burgeoninga1340
fruit of the loinsa1340
young onec1384
increasement1389
geta1400
gendera1425
procreation1461
progeniturec1487
engendera1500
propagation1536
feture1537
increase1552
breed1574
spawn1590
bowela1593
teeming1599
pullulation1641
prolifications1646
educt1677
produce1823
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun] > collectively
bairn-teamc885
kinc950
seedOE
teamOE
offspringOE
kindOE
childrenc1175
lineage1303
generationa1325
issuea1325
successiona1340
kindredc1350
progenya1382
posterityc1410
sequelc1440
ligneea1450
posterior1509
genealogy1513
propagation1536
racea1547
postery1548
after-spring1583
bowela1593
afterworld1594
loin1608
descendance1617
succession1618
proles1640
descent1667
ramage1936
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Philemon 12 Receave him, that is to saye myne awne bowels.
1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 343 Sum put to it wormes or bowels of the earth.]
a1593 H. Smith Serm. (1871) I. 289 We should not spare our own bowels.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 29 Thine owne bowels which do call thee, sire [printed fire] . View more context for this quotation
a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) i. 7 Men..bowelless unto others, and merciless unto their own bowels.

Compounds

C1.
a.
bowel-complaint n.
ΚΠ
1831 J. M. Peck Guide for Emigrants ii. 84 The bowel complaint is more commonly fatal.
1850 N. Kingsley Diary 156 Indisposed by a bowel complaint.
b.
bowel-like adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > intestines > [adjective]
intestinal1599
tripal1709
enteric1764
bowel-like1839
intestiniform1859
intestino-vesical1867
enteral1905
1839–47 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. III. 549/1 The stomach [of Iulus] is long and bowel-like.
bowel-racking adj.
C2.
bowel-deep adj. up to or as high as the middle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > extension downwards or depth > [adjective] > of specific depth > in something to specific depth
knee-deepc1400
breast-deep1594
lip-deep1780
bowel-deep1828
bone deep1900
1828 W. Scott Rev. Davy's Salmonia (1849) 260 Bowel-deep in the stream.
bowel-galled adj. ? applied to a horse whose belly is fretted with the girth.
bowel-gazer n. Obsolete one who inspects the entrails of sacrificed animals for religious purposes, a haruspex.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > divination by natural phenomena > divination by entrails, haruspicy > [noun] > one who practises
haruspex1584
bowel-gazer1587
bowel-prier1600
paunch-porer1656
extispex1727
1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxii. 383 Seneca sayth..that the Bowelgazers were inuented for nothing els but to holde the people in awe.
bowel-gazing n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > divination by natural phenomena > divination by entrails, haruspicy > [noun]
haruspicy1569
bowel-gazing1587
ventriloquy1623
paunch-poring1656
extispicy1681
extispicine1693
haruspiciny1693
enteroscopy1726
haruspication1871
1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxxii. 606 Where be your Oracles, your Bowelgazings and your Sacrifices?
bowel-hive n. (also bowel-hive grass) a herbalists' name for Alchemilla arvensis or Parsley-piert (Britten and Holland).
ΚΠ
1878 J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names 60 Bowel-hive, or Bowel-hive Grass, Alchemilla arvensis.
bowel-hives n. Scottish a popular name for infantile enteritis and similar affections.
ΚΠ
1715 A. Pennecuik Geogr., Hist. Descr. Tweeddale 7 The Rickets in Children, which they call the Bowel-hyve.
1863 Rept. Registrar Gen. Scot.Bowel-hives’ (or ‘bull-hives’), the vernacular name under which is included enteritis, convulsions, diarrhœa, dysentery, and teething.
bowel-prier n. Obsolete
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > divination by natural phenomena > divination by entrails, haruspicy > [noun] > one who practises
haruspex1584
bowel-gazer1587
bowel-prier1600
paunch-porer1656
extispex1727
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xlii. xxx. 1132 The Bowell-priers [L. aruspices]..declared, That..they should make speed.
bowel-prying adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > divination by natural phenomena > divination by entrails, haruspicy > [adjective]
haruspicine1591
bowel-prying1600
extispicious1646
haruspical1652
haruspicate1652
haruspicinal1652
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. viii. 287 The bowell-prying Soothsaier.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

boweln.2

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: bole n.3
Etymology: Variant of bole n.3
rare.
A recess; = bole n.3
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > other elements > [noun] > bole
bolea1600
bowel1835
1835 H. Miller Scenes & Legends N. Scotl. viii. 127 Little square recesses, termed bowels.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

bowelv.

/ˈbaʊɪl/
Forms: Also Middle English bouwel(en, Middle English bowaylyn, bowellyn, 1600s bowell.
Etymology: < bowel n.1 Compare Old French boeler.
1. transitive. To take out the bowels of, disembowel.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > execute [verb (transitive)] > disembowel
bowel1330
drawc1330
embowel1521
the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > maiming or mutilation > maim or mutilate [verb (transitive)] > disembowel
bowel1330
disbowelc1440
debowel1487
unpauncha1500
garbage1542
unbowel1552
disentrail1596
untripe1611
disembowel1613
exenterate1613
hulk1622
eviscerate1623
eventerate1656
garble1661
viscerate1727
degut1933
1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 329 Fro þe galweis quik þei lete him doun, & bouweld him alle hote.
1440 J. Shirley Cron. Dethe James Stewarde (1818) 27 Many of the other traitours were boweld all qwik.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 46 Bowaylyn, eviscero.
1573 G. Gascoigne & F. Kinwelmersh Iocasta iii. i, in G. Gascoigne Hundreth Sundrie Flowres sig. Qiiv In thy sacred name I bowell here This sacrifice.
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ix. 169 Five Seminaries..were hanged, bowelled, and quartered for treason.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Sprain Take a..Whelp, flea and bowel him.
1861 W. H. Dixon Personal Hist. Ld. Bacon x. §6 Coke, bent on hanging and bowelling all these miserable wretches.
2. figurative. To stir the bowels of, move or arouse the compassion of. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > compassion > quality of exciting pity > affect with pity [verb (transitive)]
rueOE
movea1325
enpitec1400
relent1509
pity1515
yearn1603
melt1605
bowel1645
tenderize1733
1645 S. Rutherford Tryal & Trivmph of Faith (1845) 270 He was bowelled in heart, his bowels were moved with compassion.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
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