单词 | tinder |
释义 | tindern. a. Any dry inflammable substance that readily takes fire from a spark and burns or smoulders; esp. that prepared from partially charred linen and from species of Polyporus or corkwood fungus (agaric n. 1), formerly in common use to catch the spark struck from a flint with a steel, as the means of kindling a fire or ‘striking’ a light. See also German tinder n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > [noun] tindera700 foodOE eletc1200 firec1300 fuela1398 eldinga1400 firingc1487 betting1521 pabulum1675 fire block1834 fire mixture1855 alternative fuel1906 society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > touch-wood-paper tindera700 tache1393 toucha1500 kindlinga1522 touchwood1575 spunk1582 matchwood1597 lint1612 funk1673 firelighter1771 saltpetre paper1832 match-paper1883 α. β. c1220 Bestiary 535 Of ston mid stel in ðe tunder Wel to brennen one ðis wunder.1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 7925 Hyt fareþ wyþ hem as fyre and tundyr [rhyme wundyr].1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xvii. 245 Bot þow haue towe to take it with tondre [v.r. tunder; 1393 C. xx. 211 tonder, tendere] or broches.c1480 (a1400) St. Thecla 72 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 434 Wod dry as toundire.1483 Cath. Angl. 396/1 Tundyr, Incentinum,..receptaculum ignis, ignicippium.1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 283/2 Tunder to lyght a matche, fusil.1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 29v Agarik..where of som make tunder bothe in England and Germany.1612 Bk. Customs & Valuation in A. Halyburton Ledger (1867) 291 Boxes called fyre or tunder boxes the groce iiii li.γ. 1377Tendere [see β. ]. c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 102 Þanne maist þou wiþ tendre gete fuyre of þat ston.c1400 R. Gloucester's Chron. App. S. 7 (MS. δ) Þo let he nime tendern [other MSS. tynder, tunder].?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens iii. sig. Mj They be made of softe tendre, as of seare olde lynen cloth.a700 Epinal Gloss. (O.E.T.) 562 Isca, tyndirin [a800 Erfurt tyndrin]. a700 Epinal Gloss. (O.E.T.) 685 Naphtha, genus fomenti, id est tyndir. a800 Leiden Gloss. 179 Isica, tyndri. c1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 149/30 Fomes, geswælud spoon, uel tynder. a1050 Liber Scintill. 210 Na elleshwar gewilnunge tyndran onælþ. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14606 Þa..he..lette þe curneles ut draȝen. & tinder nom and lette i þan scalen don. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) x. viii. 379 Of a lytill sperkyll in an hepe of towe or of tyndyr cometh sodaynly a grete fyre. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 6 In spunck or tinder thee quick fyre he kindly receaued. 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist i. i. sig. Bv With so much linnen Would make you tinder, but to see a fire. View more context for this quotation 1664 J. Evelyn Sylva (1679) 27 Nor may we..omit to mention the..fungus's to make Tinder. 1682 N. O. tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin iii. 57 The spark in Tinder cherisht, toucht with Metch In Sulphur dip't, kindles with quick dispatch The Torch. 1777 J. Cook Voy. S. Pole I. i. vii. 113 In one there was the stone they strike fire with, and tinder made of bark. 1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 90 A machine for setting fire to tinder of the agaric by the compression of air has been for some time in use. 1838 W. Howitt Rural Life Eng. I. ii. iii. 160 He strikes a light with his tinder, for lucifers he never saw. 1867 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries (1872) xv. 263 The grass was as inflammable as tinder. 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator viii. 114/2 The internal spongy portion of several species of Polyporus, soaked in a solution of nitre, forms tinder. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > container or holder for tinder or matches tinder-box1530 firebox1555 tinder1570 linstock1575 funk horn1673 spunk-box1721 phosphorus box1792 light box1816 spunk-flask1835 match-bottle1839 matchbox1853 match-pot1856 match-safe1860 punk-box1862 match-stand1873 match holder1884 book1899 safety box1902 matchbook1937 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Fivv/2 Tynder, incendium. 1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster North-ward Hoe iii. sig. E2 Ile goe strike a Tinder. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. i. 141 Strike on the tinder, Ho: Giue me a taper. View more context for this quotation c1626 Dick of Devonshire (1955) 125 So, from a Tinder at ye first kindled, grew this heartburning twixt these Two great Nations. c. figurative. ΚΠ c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. v. §3 We habbað nu giet þone mæstan dæl þære tyndran þinre hæle. a1050 Liber Scintill. lxxvii. (1889) 206 Tyndre [L. fomentum] and ceap godes cynnes lærestre mægenes deð on criste wunian symle. 1595 Polimanteia (1881) 61 They haue strook fire into the tinder of my soft heart. 1643 R. Baker Chron. Kings of Eng. i. 73 Finding his hot spirit to be fit tinder for such fire. 1795 ‘P. Pindar’ Pindariana 203 Nothing to gild thy solitary tinder, Save the rude flint and steel of Peter Pindar. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. tinder-lighter n. ΚΠ 1915 V. Asquith Let. 16 Nov. in M. Gilbert Winston S. Churchill (1972) III. Compan. ii. 1272 Is there anything you haven't got for the Front? Compass? Luminous wristwatch? Muffler? Tinderlighter? 1977 ‘J. Gash’ Judas Pair ii. 25 Flintlocks..the standard tinder-lighter of history. tinder-pouch n. ΚΠ 1883 Great Internat. Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 236 Tinder-pouch..used by Hungarian fishermen. tinder-purse n. ΚΠ a1680 J. Bargrave Pope Alexander VII (1867) ii. 122 We had..tynder purses.., with flint, steel, and match, to lighten our torches and candles when they went out. b. tinder-cloaked adj. ΚΠ 1647 J. Cleveland Char. Diurnall-maker (1677) 101 It is like over-reach of Language, when every Thin, Tinder-cloak'd Quack must be called a Doctor. tinder-dry adj. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > plants collectively > [adjective] > very dry or tinderish tinderish1837 tinderous1870 tinder-dry1891 1891 R. Kipling Light that Failed ii. 31 The tinder-dry clumps of scrub. 1896 S. R. Crockett Cleg Kelly vi He crossed the marshy end of Duddingstone Loch. It was tinder-dry with the drought. tinder-like adj. ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) ii. i. 49 Said, to be..hasty and Tinder-like vppon, to triuiall motion. View more context for this quotation 1887 H. R. Haggard Jess xxviii. 267 The tinderlike roof burst into a broad sheet of flame. C2. tinder-fungus n. a fungus from which tinder is made, as tinder-polypore n. ΚΠ 1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. Tinder-fungus, a large leathery fungus..growing on trees; the amadou of commerce. tinder-ore n. = tinder-water n. ΚΠ 1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 91 Zundererz, or Bergzunderz (= Tinder Ore) of G. Lehmann.., which is soft like tinder and dark dirty red in color,..proves to be jamesonite or feather ore mixed with red silver and arsenopyrite. tinder-polypore n. Polyporus fomentarius. ΚΠ 1883 R. Turner in Good Words Sept. 591/1 The common tinder-polypore has..been found in the lake-dwelling at Lochlee. tinder-water n. see quots. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [noun] > a medicine or medicament > universal medicine > specific Venice treacle1617 tinder-water1748 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. xlvi. 102 Tinder-water!.. Water extracted from tinder... An universal specific for all distempers. Derivatives ˈtindered adj. burnt to tinder. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [adjective] > burnt > to tinder tindered1809 1809 T. Cowdell Poet. Jrnl. 40 in Nova Scotia Minstr. (1811) 47 Her tinder'd garments in my hand. ˈtinderish adj. of the nature of tinder, tinder-like. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > plants collectively > [adjective] > very dry or tinderish tinderish1837 tinderous1870 tinder-dry1891 society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [adjective] tinderish1837 1837 A. Langton Jrnl. 8 July in Gentlewoman Upper Canada (1950) 15 From her gingham never having been washed I suppose it was more tinderish than my sister's and mine. 1890 W. C. Russell Ocean Trag. xii A sound as of the pressure of a light foot upon tinderish brushwood. ˈtinderous adj. = tinderish adj. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > plants collectively > [adjective] > very dry or tinderish tinderish1837 tinderous1870 tinder-dry1891 1870 Daily News 18 July The furze is dry and tinderous. 1889 W. C. Russell Marooned II. ix. 262 So damp and tinderous too was the timber. ˈtinderly adv. like tinder, in a tinder-like degree. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > sensitiveness or tenderness > [adverb] quicklyOE tenderlya1400 tender1424 feelingly1706 susceptibly1785 sensitively1824 tinderly1825 soulfully1841 uncynically1895 1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. III. 343 Harriet was tinderly tender. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † tindertenderv. Obsolete. rare. intransitive. To become inflamed, glow, burn. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > be hot [verb (intransitive)] > very > glow glowc1000 tinderc1230 gleed1567 c1230 Hali Meid. 31 Ti neb ute-wið tendreð ut of tene. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.a700v.c1230 |
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