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Thursdayn.adv. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Originally cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian thunresdei , Middle Dutch donresdach , donderdach (Dutch donderdag ), Old High German donarestag (Middle High German donerstac , donrestac , German Donnerstag ) < the genitive of the Germanic base of thunder n. (used as the name of a god: see note) + the Germanic base of day n., originally after post-classical Latin dies Iovis day of (the planet) Jupiter (2nd or 3rd cent.; frequently from c1115 in British sources; compare Hellenistic Greek Διὸς ἡμέρα , probably after Latin); subsequently (in β. forms) reinforced by early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic þórsdagr, Old Swedish þorsdagher (Swedish torsdag), Danish torsdag), itself probably after forms in West Germanic languages.In γ. forms remodelled after thunder n. The Latin days of the week in imperial Rome were named after the planets, which in turn were named after gods (see discussion at week n.). In most cases the Germanic names have substituted for the Roman god's name that of a comparable one from the Germanic pantheon. The Germanic god could be identified with Jupiter as a controller of thunder; he was also identified with Hercules in other contexts. Compare also quot. OE1 at sense A.α. and the following glosses:eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 70/1 Iouem, þuner.eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in W. G. Stryker Lat.-Old Eng. Gloss. in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1951) 252 Ioppiter, þunor oþþe ður. Compare ( < post-classical Latin dies Iovis ) Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French jeudi (1119 as juesdi ), Old Occitan dijous , jous (13th cent.; Occitan dijòus , jòus ), Catalan dijous (late 13th cent., also jous (late 12th cent.)), Spanish jueves (late 11th cent. as joves ), Italian giovedì (1253 as giovidì ). The α. forms show original short ŭ and its reflexes; the β. forms chiefly reflect early Scandinavian long close ō , which was retained in Middle English and developed regularly into Older Scots ui /yː/. Some Scots forms are ambiguous and have been listed with the α. forms. The δ. forms show substitution of f for th chiefly in Scots (see th n.1 (6)). A. n.the world > time > period > a day or twenty-four hours > specific days > [noun] > Thursday α. OE Byrhtferð (Ashm.) (1995) ii. iii. 118 Þæs Sunnandæges nama wæs of þære sunnan,..and Þunresdæg of Ioue Saturnus sunu. OE (Cambr. Univ. Libr.) v. 30 (rubric) Ðys sceal on þursdæg on þære oðre lencten wucan. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 6951 Þa þunre [c1300 Otho þonre] heo ȝiuen Þunres-dæi [c1300 Otho Þorisdai]. 1415 in 43rd Ann. Rep. Deputy Keeper Public Rec. (1882) App. i. 584 in (C. 3425) XXXVI. 1 I cum to Londun and was yer a sefenneghte and alsmeche as form [read from]..ye Tiseday to ye Thursday. 1469 M. Paston in (2004) I. 341 Letyng ȝow wete þat on Thurysday last was my moder..wyth my lord of Norwych. a1525 25 We commaund that no fyscher..by no maner of fysche on Thursday over-nyght by way of regratry, ne on Fryday aftur till hit be nyne of the Cloke. 1566 T. Gresham Let. 15 Dec. in J. W. Burgon (1839) II. 184 The Duke's Grace hath invited himself to Gresham-House upon Wedensdaye next at night, and wyll dyne with me upon Thursday. 1591 H. Smith (1611) ii. 91 A schollers thursday, which he loves better then all the daies in the weeke, only because it is his play-day. 1638 R. Baillie (1841) I. 125 On Thursday..we had no scant of protestations; more than a round dozen were inacted. 1667 H. Oldenburg Let. 3 Dec. in R. Boyle (2001) III. 373 The order..last Thursday was made, of trying the Experiment with compressed air. 1740 S. Richardson II. 151 May I hope, my Pamela, said he, that next Thursday shall certainly be the happy Day? 1752 L. Carter Jrnl. House of Burgesses 20 Apr. in (1965) I. 107 Then the Governor made us a proroguing Speach and Prorogued us to the last Thursday in October. 1840 L. S. Costello I. xii. 187 The Place du Champ..was a horrible marsh, which every Thursday was trodden by immense droves of pigs. 1892 M. Thomas xii. 232 The Soko is an unpaved square surrounded with booths, outside the walls, where on Thursdays and Sundays, as in Spain, the market is held. 1962 F. O'Connor Let. 9 Nov. in (1979) 499 I am in bed with the common cold. I am supposed to leave for Texas next Thursday so I hope I can throw it off. 1997 Sept. 105/2 Every other Thursday we do a golden oldies film club where we let pensioners come in for a pound. β. c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Otho) l. 6951 Þane þonre we ȝefue Þorisdai [c1275 Calig. Þunres-dæi].c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) l. 11210 (MED) Þe verste þorsdai [v.r. þurday] in lente.c1400 (c1378) W. Langland (Laud 581) (1869) B. xvi. l. 140 Þe þorsday [c1400 Trin. Cambr., a1450 Bodl. þursday, c1450 Rawl., c1450 Cambr. Dd. 1. 17 thoresday, a1500 Oriel þorusday] byfore þere he made his maundee.1426–7 in H. Littlehales (1905) 65 Þe thorisday in þe Whitson weke.1563 G. Hay f. 38v Augustine shaweth..vpon the Thurisday before the Pashe tyde,..that there might appeare no defference from the action of our Sauiour.1566 sig. F6v (heading) Thurisday before none.1637–50 J. Row (Wodrow Soc.) 515 To come in to Aberdeen on Thurisday thereafter.1688 T. Tenison Def. Dr. Tenison's Serm. 14 in J. Williams The Thorisdai a mes of the holi gost and light vii. candels, and fede vii. pore men. or doo vii. almes dedis.1788 J. Poole Gloss. in T. P. Dolan & D. Ó Muirithe (1996) 67 Thorsdei.1902 12 Old people invariably talked of Thorsday.δ. 1566 141 b Sonday, monounday, and furisday.1569 in J. H. Burton (1877) 1st Ser. I. 673 Upoun fuirsday nix to cum.1596 in (1837) II. 13 Ther ansuer..suld haue bein giuen in the last Furisday.a1605 R. Birrel Diarey 58 in J. G. Dalyell (1798) The last day of Marche, being Furisday, the nobilitie, at least the maist pairt of yame, came.1788 E. Picken 98 Wow, Jamie! man, but I'd be keen, Wi' canty lads, like you, a wheen, To spen' a winter Fursday teen.1861 E. B. Ramsay 2nd Ser. 99 Mrs. So-and-so's funeral would be on Fuirsday.1900 C. Murray 13 Twa Fiers-days back she seem'd baith swak an' strang.1933 J. Gray 81 Da moorit hog it doo slachtered a Foersday.1991 J. Manson in T. Hubbard 76 I sall dee in Paris—and I'm no rinnan—Mebbe on a Fuirsday, in the back end. B. adv.c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 1126 in C. Horstmann (1887) 138 (MED) Þene þores-dai to lincolne he cam. c1460 in A. Clark (1907) 138 Þe þundurday [L. die Iovis] nexte after the ffest of þe Birth of owr lorde In the ȝere of the Reyne of Kynge Henry the v. 1517 R. Torkington (1884) 9 Thursday, the vij Day of May, we retornyed by the same watir of Brent to Venese ageyne. 1607 Relatyon Discov. River in (1860) 4 55 Thursday.—We laboured pallozdoing [= palisadoing] our forte. 1745 J. Wesley Jrnl. in (1991) XX. 81 Thursday, August 1, and the following days, we had our second conference with as many of our brethren..as could be present. 1843 T. S. Fay I. i. 6 I can't very well leave town Thursday: I have an engagement. 1919 M. Gyte 25 Jan. (1999) 207 He died either Wednesday or Thursday of Diabetes, aged 21. 2006 F. Kiernan & G. Hemphill I. iv. 108 Jack: When are they plantin' him? Winston: It's the cremmy. Thursday. 1630 J. Wadsworth (new ed.) 17 Tuesdayes and Thursdayes..on the after noones they are licenced to the recreation of the open fields. 1685 J. Crowne i. 5 You shall fast Tuesdays and Thursdays. 1792 16 May 68 His majesty is generally there Tuesdays, Thursdays, or Fridays. 1894 G. Moore xxxvi. 283 Charley Grove bets there Mondays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays. 2005 J. Brand xxiv. 308 We don't go out Thursdays or Tuesdays 'cause he plays footer on a Thursday and I do my washing on a Tuesday. Compounds?a1400 in M. Sellers (1915) II. 13 (MED) Feoda custodum fori de Thoresdaymarket. a1425 (c1303) R. Mannyng (Bodl.) l. 7282 (MED) Also falle men yn plyght Þat sitte vp on þe þursday nyght And ouerlong ete flesshe & drunke After þat mydnyght ys runge. 1547 in (transcript) (O.E.D. Archive) III. 528 Untill the thursday nyght beyng the xvijth day of Novemb last past. 1621 J. Reynolds i. 19 I request you to meete mee on Thursday morning next, at fiue or sixe, on horse-backe, or on foote with your Sword. 1656 in R. B. Gardiner (1884) 382 (note) [At Newport..it was provided that] each Thursday afternoon..shall be a remedy or time of recreation. 1732 True & Faithful Narr. in J. Swift III. ii. 274 All the Thursday Morning was taken up in private Transfers. 1761 24–26 Dec. 622/2 Thursday night three highwaymen stopped several waggons on Northall Common. 1841 N. Hawthorne 35 Ever since the settlement of Massachusetts, there has been no school on Thursday afternoons. 1877 24 Nov. 452/2 The Chicago Barge Club met Thursday evening, and the results of the storm fully discussed. 1899 Mrs. H. Fraser in Apr. 3/1 I think I was born under the star of long journeys, a ‘Thursday bairn that has far to go’. 1949 K. Ferrier 9 Nov. (2003) iii. 99 Home before you receive this but shoot off to Scotland Thursday night. 1988 M. Dunford & J. Holland (1989) ii. vi. 163 Lined with cafes, restaurants, and teenagers blaring disco music on boom-boxes, it really gets going with the Thursday general market. 2007 (Nexis) 16 Mar. 39 Call in at St Mary's Church for a coffee and a chat from 10am to 12 noon every Thursday morning during the weekly farmers' market. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adv.OE |