branksn.¹

/braŋks/

Forms: Rare singular brank; also as singular a branks (cf. a bellows).

Etymology: A Scotch word found in use since the 16th cent.: etymology unknown. It has been compared with Middle English bernak (barnacle n.¹) and brake n.⁵; also with German pranger the pillory, pranger a barnacle for a horse; and with Dutch prang a fetter.(Jamieson was probably right in taking sense 2 ‘bridle’ as the earlier (cf. brank v.¹): but as the history is so uncertain, the senses are here placed simply in the chronological order of the available quotations.)

1. A scold's bridle; an instrument of punishment used in the case of scolds, etc., consisting of a kind of iron framework to enclose the head, having a sharp metal gag or bit which entered the mouth and restrained the tongue.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > public or popular punishments > [noun] > punishing by pillory or stocks > pillory or stocks > scold's bridle

branks1595

bridle1623

scold's bridle1858

tongue-tier1883

scold's bit1884

1595 in Munic. Acc. Newcastle (1848) 41 Paide for caring a woman throughe the towne for skoulding, with branks, 4d.

1652 in E. Henderson Kirk-session Rec. Dumfermline 18 Nov. She shall stand at the tron, with the branks on hir mouth.

1772 T. Pennant Tours Scotl. (1774) 80 The Brank..is a sort of head piece, which opens and encloses the head of the impatient.

1858 T. N. Brushfield On Obsolete Punishm. 6 It has been called..a Brank, the Branks, a pair of Branks, the Scold's Bridle, Gossip's Bridle, and..[in 1623] ‘a Brydle for a curste queane’. Branks were in active use in Scotland many years before their introduction into England.

1869 C. H. Spurgeon John Ploughman's Talk vi. 45 In Walton Church..there is a brank or scold's bridle.

2. ‘A sort of bridle... Instead of leather, it has on each side a piece of wood joined to a halter, to which a bit is sometimes added; but more frequently a kind of wooden…muzzle.’ Jamieson.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > halter or bridle

haltera1000

bridleOE

brake1430

gorel1480

watering bridle1502

mollet-bridle1503

headgear1538

slipe1586

chase-halter1607

branks1657

bit-bridle1676

curb-bridle1677

chain-bridle1690

blind-halter1711

ox-riem1817

blind-bridle1833

bell-bridle1836

training halter1842

hackamore1850

Pelham bridle1875

quoiler1876

knee-halter1892

war bridle1962

side pull1965

1657 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 114 Some ask'd..Why sodds for saddle, and branks for bridle.

1787 R. Burns Death & Dr. Hornbook vii, in Poems (new ed.) 57 Its shanks, They were as thin, as sharp an' sma', As cheeks o' branks.

1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 16 568 His cheeks clapped together like a pair of dismantled branks.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

branksn.²

Etymology: Perhaps an application of branks n.¹ in the sense of a gag; but compare brancos (see quot. 1607 at gargarism n. 2).

The mumps.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > glandular disorders > [noun] > swollen glands > mumps

mumps1592

branks1794

1794–6 E. Darwin Zoonomia (1802) III. 365 Mumps, or branks, is a contagious inflammation of the parotis.

1860 E. B. Ramsay Reminisc. Sc. Life (ed. 18) v. 115 I've had..the branks.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2018).

单词	branks
释义	branksn.¹ /braŋks/ Forms: Rare singular brank; also as singular a branks (cf. a bellows). Etymology: A Scotch word found in use since the 16th cent.: etymology unknown. It has been compared with Middle English bernak (barnacle n.¹) and brake n.⁵; also with German pranger the pillory, pranger a barnacle for a horse; and with Dutch prang a fetter.(Jamieson was probably right in taking sense 2 ‘bridle’ as the earlier (cf. brank v.¹): but as the history is so uncertain, the senses are here placed simply in the chronological order of the available quotations.) 1. A scold's bridle; an instrument of punishment used in the case of scolds, etc., consisting of a kind of iron framework to enclose the head, having a sharp metal gag or bit which entered the mouth and restrained the tongue. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > public or popular punishments > [noun] > punishing by pillory or stocks > pillory or stocks > scold's bridle branks1595 bridle1623 scold's bridle1858 tongue-tier1883 scold's bit1884 1595 in Munic. Acc. Newcastle (1848) 41 Paide for caring a woman throughe the towne for skoulding, with branks, 4d. 1652 in E. Henderson Kirk-session Rec. Dumfermline 18 Nov. She shall stand at the tron, with the branks on hir mouth. 1772 T. Pennant Tours Scotl. (1774) 80 The Brank..is a sort of head piece, which opens and encloses the head of the impatient. 1858 T. N. Brushfield On Obsolete Punishm. 6 It has been called..a Brank, the Branks, a pair of Branks, the Scold's Bridle, Gossip's Bridle, and..[in 1623] ‘a Brydle for a curste queane’. Branks were in active use in Scotland many years before their introduction into England. 1869 C. H. Spurgeon John Ploughman's Talk vi. 45 In Walton Church..there is a brank or scold's bridle. 2. ‘A sort of bridle... Instead of leather, it has on each side a piece of wood joined to a halter, to which a bit is sometimes added; but more frequently a kind of wooden…muzzle.’ Jamieson. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > halter or bridle haltera1000 bridleOE brake1430 gorel1480 watering bridle1502 mollet-bridle1503 headgear1538 slipe1586 chase-halter1607 branks1657 bit-bridle1676 curb-bridle1677 chain-bridle1690 blind-halter1711 ox-riem1817 blind-bridle1833 bell-bridle1836 training halter1842 hackamore1850 Pelham bridle1875 quoiler1876 knee-halter1892 war bridle1962 side pull1965 1657 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 114 Some ask'd..Why sodds for saddle, and branks for bridle. 1787 R. Burns Death & Dr. Hornbook vii, in Poems (new ed.) 57 Its shanks, They were as thin, as sharp an' sma', As cheeks o' branks. 1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 16 568 His cheeks clapped together like a pair of dismantled branks. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022). branksn.² Etymology: Perhaps an application of branks n.¹ in the sense of a gag; but compare brancos (see quot. 1607 at gargarism n. 2). The mumps. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > glandular disorders > [noun] > swollen glands > mumps mumps1592 branks1794 1794–6 E. Darwin Zoonomia (1802) III. 365 Mumps, or branks, is a contagious inflammation of the parotis. 1860 E. B. Ramsay Reminisc. Sc. Life (ed. 18) v. 115 I've had..the branks. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2018). < n.¹1595n.²1794
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