| 单词 | to lay up |
| 释义 | > as lemmasto lay up to lay up 1. transitive. See simple senses and up n.; to put up and extend (one's limbs) on a couch; †to erect (a building); †to vomit, ‘throw up’ (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (transitive)] > vomit spew971 aspewc1200 to gulch out?c1225 casta1300 vomea1382 brake1393 evacuec1400 to cast outa1425 deliver?a1425 voida1425 evomec1450 evomit?a1475 disgorge1477 to cast up1483 degorge1493 vomish1536 retch1538 parbreak1540 reject1540 vomit1541 evacuate1542 revomit1545 belch1558 vomit1560 to lay up1570 upvomit1582 to fetch up1599 puke1601 respew1606 inbelch1610 spew1610 to throw up1614 exgurgitate1623 out-spew1647 egurgitate1656 to throw off1660 to bring up1719 pick1828 sick1924 yark1927 barf1960 to park the tiger1970 vom1991 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > build or construct [verb (transitive)] timbera900 workOE betimberOE craftOE buildc1275 lifta1300 stagec1330 upraise1338 wright1338 edifya1340 to make outa1382 to make upa1382 biga1400 housea1400 risea1400 telda1400–50 to work upa1450 redress1481 levy1495 upmake1507 upbuild1513 exstruct?c1550 construct1663 to run up1686 practise1739 to lay up1788 elevate1798 to put up1818 to lay down1851 practicate1851 the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of stretching body > stretch [verb (transitive)] > on a couch to lay upc1830 1570 B. Googe tr. T. Kirchmeyer Popish Kingdome iv. f. 53 And miserably they reele, till as their stomacke vp they lay. 1579–80 T. North tr. Plutarch Lives (1676) 757 Antonius being queasie stomacked with his Surfeit he had taken, was compelled to lay up all before them, and one of his friends held him his Gown instead of a Bason. 1788 J. May Jrnl. 19 July (1873) (modernized text) 86 To-day finished laying up the house, and put on the roof. c1830 Houlston Tracts No. 87. 11 Her daughter must go home, and lay up her legs till they got quite well. 2. Agriculture (a) To throw up (land) in ridges as a preparation for sowing: often with complement, as dry, rough, in ridges. (b) To reserve for hay. Cf. to lay in 5 at Phrasal verbs. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > break up land [verb (transitive)] > throw up ridges rig?1523 ridge?1530 to trench up1763 upset1764 to lay up1842 hill1884 1842 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 3 ii. 171 Every arable field which is laid up in ridges probably requires..to be drained. 1844 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 167 After being fed the meadows are laid up, and in about six weeks produce an excellent crop of hay. 1852 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 13 i. 62 The land..is either sown with wheat at Michaelmas or laid up dry, for barley in the spring. 1883 J. A. Froude Hist. Sketches 74 (Norway Fjords) There were forty or fifty acres of grass laid up for hay. 3. To deposit or put away in a place for safety; to store up (goods, provisions); to put by. Often absol. to save money. Also with immaterial object to lay up in lavender: see lavender n.2 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > storage > store [verb (transitive)] again-layOE to put upc1330 to lay up?a1366 bestow1393 to set up1421 reserve1480 powder1530 store1552 uplay1591 garnera1616 storea1616 revestry1624 reposit1630 barrel1631 magazine1643 stock1700 to salt down1849 reservoir1858 tidy1867 larder1904 the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > deposit or put away to put upc1330 to lay up?a1366 leavea1375 disposec1420 stowc1485 reposea1500 repose?c1525 commit1531 reject1541 dispatcha1566 tuck1587 to put away1607 reposit1630 repositate1716 to stow away1795 park1908 ?a1366 Romaunt Rose 184 Gret tresours up to leyn. c1400 Rom. Rose 5680 They..ley not up for her living. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke i. f. lxxiiij And all they that herde them layde them vppe in their hertes. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) 2 Cor. xii. 14 The children ought nott to laye vppe for the fathers and mothers. [So 1611.] 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccxxixv That the same should be laied vp into a cheste fast locked. 1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 8 in Sylua Syluarum The Strangers House, is at this time Rich, and much aforehand; For it hath layd vp Reuenew these 37 yeares. 1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. 198 It incourages men to gather and lay up, when they have Law to hold by what they have. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. x. 67 This faculty of laying up, and retaining the Ideas that are brought into the Mind. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 91. ⁋1 I have, by leading a very wary Life, laid up a little Money. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough III. 194 The Allies design'd to lay up large Magazines at Douay. 1877 C. M. Yonge Cameos cxli, in Monthly Packet Oct. 319 Lines, which she had probably composed and laid up in her memory. 1879 M. Pattison Milton xiii. 212 His poems he wished laid up in the Bodleian. 1885 ‘E. F. Byrrne’ Entangled I. i. xiii. 248 You could not bear the agony that would be laid up for you in an unhappy union. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > imprison [verb (transitive)] beclosec1000 setc1100 steekc1175 prison?c1225 adightc1275 imprison1297 laya1325 keepc1330 presentc1380 locka1400 throwc1422 commise1480 clapc1530 shop1548 to lay up1565 incarcerate1575 embar1590 immure1598 hole1608 trunk1608 to keep (a person) darka1616 carceir1630 enjaila1631 pocket1631 bridewell1733 bastille1745 cage1805 quod1819 bag1824 carcerate1839 to send down1840 jug1841 slough1848 to send up1852 to put away1859 warehouse1881 roundhouse1889 smug1896 to bang up1950 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Carcer Condi in carcerem, to be layed vp in [prison]. 1569 in J. Hooker Life Sir P. Carew App. (1857) 233 The messenger..was layed op by the helys. 1602 2nd Pt. Returne fr. Parnassus i. ii. 240 Sweete Constable doth take the wondring eare, And layes it vp in willing prisonment. a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) i. iii. 143 When layd up for debt. 5. To cause to keep indoors or in bed through illness; often in passive to be (taken) ill, to keep one's bed. In recent colloquial use also intransitive, to take to one's bed. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > be in ill health [verb (intransitive)] > take to bed to lay up1554 to take one's lair1633 to lie up1850 to take to one's bed1883 the world > health and disease > ill health > cause to be ill [verb (transitive)] > restrain by ill health to lay up1554 to lay by1782 the world > health and disease > ill health > be in ill health [verb (intransitive)] > fall ill sicklec1000 sicka1150 sickenc1175 evil1303 mislike?1440 fall1526 to take a conceit1543 to fall down?1571 to lay upa1616 to run of (or on) a garget1615 craze1658 invalid1829 wreck1876 collapse1879 to go sick1879 to sicken for1883 1554 J. Mason Let. 9 Nov. in P. F. Tytler Eng. under Edward VI & Mary (1839) II. 456 (modernized text) The constitution of his body being so easy to be overthrown, as a little travel taken more than it be able to bear were enough to lay him up. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) i. iii. 7 Then there were two Cosens laid vp, when the one should be lam'd with reasons, and the other mad without any. View more context for this quotation 1676 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 32 This seveare weather which hath laid [me] up in the house this ten days. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 82. ⁋5 While he was laid up with the Gout. c1771 S. Foote Maid of Bath iii. 50 My gout..lays me up for four or five months in a year. 1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxxi. 117 I should be laid up for a long time, and perhaps have the lock jaw. 1872 C. M. Yonge Cameos cx, in Monthly Packet June 520 An attack of small-pox..laid him up for a short time. 1893 A. S. Eccles Sciatica 49 Busy persons who can ill afford to lay up and be absent from their affairs for some days. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > bury or entomb [verb (transitive)] bedelveOE begraveOE burya1000 beburyc1000 bifel-ec1000 layc1000 to fall, lull, lay (bring obs.) asleepOE tombc1275 gravec1300 inter1303 rekec1330 to lap in leadc1340 to lay to rest, abed, to bed1340 lie1387 to louk in clay (lead, etc.)?a1400 to lay lowa1425 earthc1450 sepulture1490 to put awaya1500 tyrea1500 mould1530 to graith in the grave1535 ingrave1535 intumulate1535 sepult1544 intumil?c1550 yird1562 shrinea1566 infera1575 entomb1576 sepelite1577 shroud1577 funeral1578 to load with earth1578 delve1587 to lay up1591 sepulchrize1595 pit-hole1607 infuneral1610 mool1610 inhumate1612 inurna1616 inhume1616 pit1621 tumulate1623 sepulchrea1626 turf1628 underlay1639 urna1657 to lay to sleep, asleep1701 envaulta1745 plant1785 ensepulchre1820 sheugh1839 to put under1879 to lay away1885 1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Life Agricola in tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. 266 Yet wast thou layed vp with fewer teares. 1655 E. Terry Voy. E.-India 309 It [sc. Pile] was begun by Achabar-sha..and finished by his Son, who since was laid up beside him. 7. To put away (a ship) in dock or some other place of safety. Also intransitive for passive or reflexive. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > launching a vessel > launch or set afloat [verb (transitive)] > lay up unused to lay by the walls1579 to lay up1667 1667 S. Pepys Diary 14 June (1974) VIII. 269 The counsel that brought us into this misery, by laying up all the great ships. 1701 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 309 Ships that are to be layd up. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World i. 18 At length we..arrived again at the Port of St. Julian... Here we resolv'd to lay up for the Winter. 1795 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) II. 69 We must both soon be laid up to repair. 1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) IV. xxvii. 25 The Peloponnesians..laid up their fleet for the rest of the winter. 1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 16 158/1 The sands, on which a vessel is laid up, are minutely and beautifully detailed. 1885 Times (Weekly ed.) 11 Sept. 9/3 The ice-hulks and the swift yawls..moored and laid up in ordinary. 1890 Murray's Mag. Oct. 469 I shall send the yacht round to Gosport to lay up. 8. Shipbuilding. (See quot. 1869.) ΚΠ 1869 E. J. Reed Shipbuilding x. 197 The heads of the rivets are generally laid-up, that is, are made close to the surface, against which they fit by a few heavy blows given by the workman. 9. Rope-making. = sense 37. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > rope-making > make rope [verb (transitive)] > other specific processes lay1486 throw?c1625 register1793 re-lay1804 warp1815 to lay upc1860 tube1863 wimble1874 strand1886 fluff1892 c1860 H. Stuart Novices or Young Seaman's Catech. (rev. ed.) 28 Lay up the centre strands together, take the next two strands and lay them up together..; when you have laid it up to within ten inches of the end, lay both strands up together [etc.]. 1882 G. S. Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 26 Gun gear [is] laid up left handed. 10. Nautical (intransitive) To direct the course. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > direct or manage ship [verb (intransitive)] > head in a certain course or direction steer1340 stem1487 capea1522 lie1574 put1578 bear1587 rut1588 haul1589 fetch1590 standa1594 to stand along1600 to bear away1614 work1621 to lay up1832 1832 F. Marryat Newton Forster III. iv. 46 The French squadron..tacked and laid up directly for them. 1858 Mercantile Marine Mag. 5 71 We neither could lay up for it, nor overhaul it. 11. Printing. (See quot. 1841.) ΚΠ 1808 C. Stower Printer's Gram. 156 A form cannot be well laid up without plenty of water. 1841 W. Savage Dict. Art of Printing (at cited word) Before the letter of a worked-off form is distributed,..if the work be finished it is unlocked upon a board laid in the trough and well rinsed with water, while the compositor keeps working the pages backward and forward with his hands, and continues pouring water on them till the lye and ink are washed away..; this is termed laying-up. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] > put in the shade or put to shame shamec1400 to put down1494 extinguish1551 stain1557 overshadow1581 cloud1582 defacea1592 shend1596 to lay up1601 to shine down1623 dazzle1643 umbrage1647 foila1687 efface1717 eclipse1718 shade?1748 put into the shade1796 to take the shine out of (less frequently from, U.S. off)1819 to put to shame1854 to leave (a person) standing1864 to lay over1869 blanket1884 upstage1921 1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 32 In suffring of hunger, thirst, heat, cold, labour and extremities, they will lay vp any nation whatsoeuer. 13. To put up, erect. ΚΠ 1844 D. Lee & J. H. Frost Ten Years in Oregon xxii. 289 We..were so successful as to finish laying up the cabin..at the end of two weeks. 1844 D. Lee & J. H. Frost Ten Years in Oregon xxii. 292 Mr. Smith was getting out logs for a house,..and I helped him lay it up. 14. To assemble or stack (plies or layers) in the arrangement required for the manufacture of plywood or other laminated material (usually prior to bonding into a single structure). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > a layer > arrange in layers [verb (transitive)] > as required for making layered structure to lay up1927 1927 E. V. Knight & M. Wulpi Veneers & Plywood xxvi. 286 Stock trucks..with suitable guides against which to jog layers of stock as the freshly glued plywood is laid up. 1942 A. D. Wood & T. G. Linn Plywoods vii. 74 When working on thin 3-ply boards two panels are frequently ‘laid up’ between each caul. 1949 B. L. Davies Technol. Plastics xiii. 233 The dried, impregnated or coated material is cut to size..and the sheets are laid up, i.e. piled one upon the other to a predetermined number. 1962 Newnes Conc. Encycl. Electr. Engin. 115/2 Normally not less than three layers of tissue are laid up between the electrodes [of an industrial capacitor] for the lower voltages. 1965 Plastics Tooling & Manuf. Handbk. (Amer. Soc. Tool & Manuf. Engineers) vi. 114 Successive plies are laid up until the desired thickness is achieved; then the part is allowed to cure. < as lemmas |
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