toilen.¹

Brit.

/twɑːl/, U.S.

/twɑl/

Forms: late Middle English toyel, late Middle English toyl, 1500s toil, 1700s toille, 1800s toile; Scottish pre-1700 toill, pre-1700 toyle, pre-1700 tulȝe.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French toile.

Etymology: Originally < Anglo-Norman and Middle French toile, toille, Middle French toyle linen cloth (12th cent. in Old French; c1140 as teile ; French toile ) < classical Latin tēla web (see telar adj.). In later use (19th cent.) reborrowed < French toile linen cloth (see above), cloth or canvas used for painting on (1447 in Middle French as telle ; rare before early 17th cent.), painting on canvas (1476 in Middle French as toyle painte ; rare before 1646). Compare toil n.²Compare Old Occitan tela , telha , tella (12th cent.), Catalan tela (14th cent.), Spanish tela (13th cent.), Portuguese tela cloth, canvas, etc. (13th cent.), Italian tela (13th cent.). With sense 2 compare also Older Scots toil dor, toilȝe dor, etc., denoting a type of cloth shot through with gold threads (1538; < Middle French toile d'or (1508)).

a. A heavy coarse cloth. Also: cloth or canvas used for painting on. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun]

workeOE

draperya1300

cloth1377

toilec1440

ware1442

stuff1604

drape1665

fabric1753

kain1783

good1831

material1848

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > surface for painting or drawing > canvas

toile?1578

cloth1695

canvas1705

bishop's lengthc1870

pata1948

c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 732 (MED) Thane bargez them buskez and to þe baunke rowes..Trusses in tristly trappyde stedes, Tenntez and othire toylez and targez full ryche.

1561 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 172 To persew for ane schip and toylis, quhilk is callit lynnyng clayth in oure language.

?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 69 By toil & pensyl, so lyuely exprest.

1588 in G. P. McNeill Exchequer Rolls Scotl. (1901) XXI. 391 Quilkis deweteis extendis in the yeir comptit to..1000 cunnyng skynnis, 167 packis vedmell, 105 doleris for vattill, 120 angel nobillis for toill.

1891 Antiquary Mar. 106/1 The canvas or toile was also used in hunting.

1902 Brush & Pencil 10 292 His canvases are of the heaviest toile.

b. A painting on canvas.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to medium or technique > [noun] > oil-painting > an oil-painting > on canvas

canvas1764

toile1874

1874 Academy 26 Sept. 362/1 At this year's exhibition of new paintings which has just been opened at Berlin, a ‘toile’, by Franz Defregger, the celebrated painter of country life.

1897 S. O. Henry Hours with Famous Parisians xvii. 181 His two favorite living painters are, perhaps, Dagnan-Bouveret and Cazin—their toiles freely cover his walls.

1915 Internat. Studio Mar. p. xxvi/1 F. C. Stahr, a Lazarus scholarship student, sends a huge toile which he calls Minoan Poetry.

1919 R. Fry Let. 6 Oct. (1972) II. 458 Her old studio..was stacked with her husband's immense toiles of Majorca.

1949 N. Mitford Love in Cold Climate ii. v. 237 The dozens of toiles by him..are worthy of the Douanier himself.

2001 Veranda July 116/3 Diamond and Baratta took a Louis XV scenic toile and had it custom dyed pink.

2. Any of various cotton or linen fabrics, used esp. in dressmaking. Cf. toile de Jouy n., toile de soie n., etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing > other

mockado1543

tuft mockado1579

mock-velvet1611

Mozambique1861

toile1899

blanketing1903

kente cloth1957

1842 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Geogr. Statist. & Hist. World II. 480/1 Its manufactures include cotton stuffs, linen cloths or toiles de Bearn, &c.]

1899 Westm. Gaz. 22 June 3/2 A simple pretty afternoon gown of blue toile, that mixture of silk and linen.

1938 Amer. Home June 36/3 In the dining room a pale green toile wallpaper makes a foil for the deep, rose-beige carpet.

2002 New Yorker 4 Nov. 105/3 Watanabe presented a series of buoyant pastel shepherdess frocks in sprigged cotton toile and reëmbroidered eyelet.

3. A pattern for a garment made up in muslin, cotton, or the like, for fitting or for use in making copies.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > [noun] > equipment > pattern

patterna1632

pattern body1819

paper pattern1833

protractor1875

toile1933

1933 Christian Sci. Monitor 15 Feb. 5/1 Seamstresses carrying a life-sized wooden figure on which is pinned a ‘toile’ (the model of a frock in stiff, white muslin) totter under their heavy burden.

1959 Guardian 18 Nov. 6/4 An excellent little collection of models made from toiles bought in Paris.

1982 Times 29 June 13/4 I spent seven months of a two-year couture course just making toiles for skirts.

1992 Observer 19 July 53/2 She bought and packed 20 ‘hoods’ (undyed hat toiles).

2007 Chicago Sun Times (Nexis) 16 Sept. b12 I even watched him make a toile for the dress that is the centerpiece of the novel.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	toile
释义	toilen.¹ Brit. /twɑːl/, U.S. /twɑl/ Forms: late Middle English toyel, late Middle English toyl, 1500s toil, 1700s toille, 1800s toile; Scottish pre-1700 toill, pre-1700 toyle, pre-1700 tulȝe. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French toile. Etymology: Originally < Anglo-Norman and Middle French toile, toille, Middle French toyle linen cloth (12th cent. in Old French; c1140 as teile ; French toile ) < classical Latin tēla web (see telar adj.). In later use (19th cent.) reborrowed < French toile linen cloth (see above), cloth or canvas used for painting on (1447 in Middle French as telle ; rare before early 17th cent.), painting on canvas (1476 in Middle French as toyle painte ; rare before 1646). Compare toil n.²Compare Old Occitan tela , telha , tella (12th cent.), Catalan tela (14th cent.), Spanish tela (13th cent.), Portuguese tela cloth, canvas, etc. (13th cent.), Italian tela (13th cent.). With sense 2 compare also Older Scots toil dor, toilȝe dor, etc., denoting a type of cloth shot through with gold threads (1538; < Middle French toile d'or (1508)). 1. a. A heavy coarse cloth. Also: cloth or canvas used for painting on. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] workeOE draperya1300 cloth1377 toilec1440 ware1442 stuff1604 drape1665 fabric1753 kain1783 good1831 material1848 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > surface for painting or drawing > canvas toile?1578 cloth1695 canvas1705 bishop's lengthc1870 pata1948 c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 732 (MED) Thane bargez them buskez and to þe baunke rowes..Trusses in tristly trappyde stedes, Tenntez and othire toylez and targez full ryche. 1561 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 172 To persew for ane schip and toylis, quhilk is callit lynnyng clayth in oure language. ?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 69 By toil & pensyl, so lyuely exprest. 1588 in G. P. McNeill Exchequer Rolls Scotl. (1901) XXI. 391 Quilkis deweteis extendis in the yeir comptit to..1000 cunnyng skynnis, 167 packis vedmell, 105 doleris for vattill, 120 angel nobillis for toill. 1891 Antiquary Mar. 106/1 The canvas or toile was also used in hunting. 1902 Brush & Pencil 10 292 His canvases are of the heaviest toile. b. A painting on canvas. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to medium or technique > [noun] > oil-painting > an oil-painting > on canvas canvas1764 toile1874 1874 Academy 26 Sept. 362/1 At this year's exhibition of new paintings which has just been opened at Berlin, a ‘toile’, by Franz Defregger, the celebrated painter of country life. 1897 S. O. Henry Hours with Famous Parisians xvii. 181 His two favorite living painters are, perhaps, Dagnan-Bouveret and Cazin—their toiles freely cover his walls. 1915 Internat. Studio Mar. p. xxvi/1 F. C. Stahr, a Lazarus scholarship student, sends a huge toile which he calls Minoan Poetry. 1919 R. Fry Let. 6 Oct. (1972) II. 458 Her old studio..was stacked with her husband's immense toiles of Majorca. 1949 N. Mitford Love in Cold Climate ii. v. 237 The dozens of toiles by him..are worthy of the Douanier himself. 2001 Veranda July 116/3 Diamond and Baratta took a Louis XV scenic toile and had it custom dyed pink. 2. Any of various cotton or linen fabrics, used esp. in dressmaking. Cf. toile de Jouy n., toile de soie n., etc. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing > other mockado1543 tuft mockado1579 mock-velvet1611 Mozambique1861 toile1899 blanketing1903 kente cloth1957 1842 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Geogr. Statist. & Hist. World II. 480/1 Its manufactures include cotton stuffs, linen cloths or toiles de Bearn, &c.] 1899 Westm. Gaz. 22 June 3/2 A simple pretty afternoon gown of blue toile, that mixture of silk and linen. 1938 Amer. Home June 36/3 In the dining room a pale green toile wallpaper makes a foil for the deep, rose-beige carpet. 2002 New Yorker 4 Nov. 105/3 Watanabe presented a series of buoyant pastel shepherdess frocks in sprigged cotton toile and reëmbroidered eyelet. 3. A pattern for a garment made up in muslin, cotton, or the like, for fitting or for use in making copies. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > [noun] > equipment > pattern patterna1632 pattern body1819 paper pattern1833 protractor1875 toile1933 1933 Christian Sci. Monitor 15 Feb. 5/1 Seamstresses carrying a life-sized wooden figure on which is pinned a ‘toile’ (the model of a frock in stiff, white muslin) totter under their heavy burden. 1959 Guardian 18 Nov. 6/4 An excellent little collection of models made from toiles bought in Paris. 1982 Times 29 June 13/4 I spent seven months of a two-year couture course just making toiles for skirts. 1992 Observer 19 July 53/2 She bought and packed 20 ‘hoods’ (undyed hat toiles). 2007 Chicago Sun Times (Nexis) 16 Sept. b12 I even watched him make a toile for the dress that is the centerpiece of the novel. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.¹c1440
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toilen.1

toilen.¹