tyrannizev.

Brit.

/ˈtɪrənʌɪz/,

/ˈtɪrn̩ʌɪz/, U.S.

/ˈtɪrəˌnaɪz/

Forms: Also 1500s–1600s tir-.

Etymology: < French tyranniser (14th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), < tyran tyrant n.; compare late Latin tyrannizāre to act the tyrant, Greek τυραννίζειν to side with a tyrant; also Portuguese tyrannizar, Spanish tiranizar, Italian tirannizare.

a. intransitive. To be a despot or absolute ruler; to exercise absolute rule. Const. over.

ΚΠ

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. x. sig. Y4 Then gan Carausius tirannize anew, And gainst the Romanes bent their proper powre.

1628 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Peloponnesian War (1822) 9 Polycrates, who..tyrannized in Samos.

1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Antiq. Jews i. vi, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 13 Nimrod..stayed and tyrannized at Babylon.

1889 J. Jacobs Fables of Æsop 33 Here [i.e. at Athens] he ‘tyrannised’ in an easy-going way for ten years.

†b. transitive. To have absolute sovereignty in or over; to rule over or dominate with absolute power. (Cf. 4) Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)] > tyrannize over

tyrannize1583

Turkize1599

sultanize1804

Napoleonize1822

Neronize1889

1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries i. 6 The 12. articles..inuented and practised by the Spanish Inquisition, to the end they might inuade, get, and tyrannize the Belgique prouinces.

1651 in E. Nicholas Papers (1886) I. 270 That whisperinge calumniator who hath of late tyrannized their eares.

1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. i. 5 Giants, who tyranniz'd the Ile, till Brutus came.

1795 N. W. Wraxall Hist. France III. 175 His hopes of retaining the duchy of Brittany which he had tyrannized during a number of years.

a. intransitive. To reign tyrannically; to rule despotically or oppressively. Const. over (†on, upon).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (intransitive)] > tyrannize

tyrannizea1513

domineer1591

Nimrodize1614

tyranta1661

sultanize1772

despotize1801

sultan1886

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cl. f. lxxx^v Sigebertus was thus depryuyd from all Honoure when he..had Reygned or Tyrannysyd two yeres.

1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Oh read ouer D. Iohn Bridges: Epist. 22 Oppressing and tyrannizing ouer her Maiesties subiects.

a1604 M. Hanmer Chron. Ireland 68 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Athelfrid the Saxon King of Northumbers, so tyrannized over the Britaines, that they were faine to take Ireland for their refuge.

a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) i. 20 The King of Egypt after Iosephs death..did tyrannize upon them with all extremity.

1742 S. Johnson Deb. Senate Lilliput in Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 73 That Power by which..the Administration has tyrannized without Controul.

1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. ii. vi. 309 The kings..had strengths, wherein they lived; and whence they tyrannized.

1814 W. Scott Let. 30 Apr. (1932) III. 440 A glorious and stable peace with the country over which he tyrannized and its lawful ruler.

b. transitive. To spend (time) in tyrannizing. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)] > tyrannize over > spend (time) in tyrannizing

tyrannize1649

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxvii. 212 Idlely raigning..he either tyranniz'd or trifl'd away those seventeen yeares of peace.

a. intransitive. To act tyrannically, play the tyrant; to exercise power or control oppressively or cruelly. Const. as in 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (intransitive)]

holec1175

thringc1175

domineer1591

tyrannizea1593

ingrate1600

oppress1611

magistrate1623

tyranny1650

a1593 C. Marlowe Edward II (1594) sig. B^v What? will they tyrannize vpon the Church?

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. i. i. 56 A sacrilegious Frenchman..became franticke..tyrannizing ouer his owne flesh.

1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. xxvii. 158 They within the citie, being themselves safe on shore, tyrannized on their poore brethren in shipwreck.

1690 C. Ness Compl. Hist. & Myst. Old & New Test. I. 59 Popish prelates..tyrannizing also over the bones of the dead.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones I. i. vi. 26 It is the Nature of such Persons..to insult and tyrannize over little People.

1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna Ded. p. xxvii The selfish and the strong still tyrannise Without reproach or check.

1846 S. Sharpe Hist. Egypt xi. 364 The great were not allowed to tyrannize over the poor.

b. figurative of things.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (intransitive)] > tyrannize > of things

tyrannize1615

1615 W. Lawson Country Housewifes Garden (1626) 39 A long, proud, and disorderly Cyon,..bearing no fruit, till it haue tyrannized ouer the whole tree.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus (1623) iii. ii. 8 This poore right hand of mine, Is left to tirranize vppon my breast.

1672 J. Dryden Conquest Granada i. v. i. 67 Affairs of State..should not Tyrannize on Love, but waite.

1805 J. Foster Ess. iv. vii. 217 The influences which tyrannise over human passions and opinions.

1833 J. H. Newman Arians 4th Cent. i. 28 [The Arian heresy] made its way into the highest dignities of the Church..and tyrannized over the majority of her members who were orthodox believers.

1838–9 F. A. Kemble Jrnl. Resid. Georgian Plantation (1863) 19 The cold..tyrannizing over your region.

a. transitive. To rule or govern tyrannically; to treat tyrannically, play the tyrant to or over. (Cf. 1b) Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)]

ofsiteOE

forthringOE

overlayOE

ofsetOE

to tread down, under foot, in the mire, to the ground, to piecesc1175

overseta1200

defoulc1300

oppressa1382

overpressa1382

overchargec1390

overleadc1390

overliea1393

thringa1400

overcarkc1400

to grind the faces (occasionally face) ofa1425

press?a1425

downthringc1430

vicea1525

tread1526

to hold (also keep, bring, put) one's nose to the grindstonea1533

tyrannizea1533

wring1550

downpress1579

bepress1591

defoil1601

ingrate1604

crush1611

grinda1626

macerate1637

trample1646

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. Hh.ij That one with tyranny shuld tyrannise dyuers other.

1594 S. Daniel Trag. Cleopatra ii. i But that he must..tyrannize Th' afflicted Body of a woeful Woman.

1596 T. Danett tr. P. de Commynes Hist. v. xviii. 200 Their subiects, whom they tyrannize and oppresse..without any compassion.

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης iv. 35 Had..rather sit still and let his Countrie be tyranniz'd, then that the people..should..demand thir Rights.

1675 G. R. tr. A. Le Grand Man without Passion 34 The Proud Mistresses of Beauty, that Tyrannize the Spirits of indiscreet men.

1761 A. Murphy Old Maid ii. 41 Do not tyrannize me thus with alternate doubts and fears.

1783 J. O. Justamond tr. G. T. F. Raynal Philos. Hist. Europeans in Indies (new ed.) V. 268 They are tyrannized, mutilated, burnt, and put to death.

1896 Daily News 20 Feb. 6/1 A poor, weak ruler he was. The tyrant was tyrannised by the set about him.

b. figurative of things.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)] > tyrannize over > of things

tyrannize1588

1588 W. Byrd Psalmes, Sonets, & Songs xxviii. sig. F^v Pleasure..doth tirannize the ship.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. iv. vi. 203 Poverty, which doth so tyrannize, crucify, and generally depresse vs.

1741 E. Montagu Let. (1809) I. 271 Happier are they who are governed by another's will than such as are tyrannized by their own.

1887 G. Meredith Solon iv But shall the Present tyrannize us?

†5. To render tyrannical; to make oppressive. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)] > render oppressive

tyrannize1643

sultanize1901

1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 42 The canon law..whose boistrous edicts tyrannizing the blessed ordinance of mariage into the quality of a most unnatural..yoke [etc.].

Derivatives

ˈtyrannized adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > [adjective] > subject to oppressive rule

upsete1390

oppresseda1500

servile1547

subaltern1578

grinded1613

ridden1625

tyrannized1642

1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 53 A slavish obedience without law; which is the known definition of a tyrant, and a tyranniz'd people.

1756 World 9 Dec. 1240 In..a few months, from being a restless, tyrannized, tormented wretch, I found myself a husband, a cuckold, and a happy man.

1905 Daily Chron. 16 Feb. 5/2 The Church of the Concordat will be succeeded either by a free Church or by a tyrannised Church.

ˈtyrannizing n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > [noun]

threat971

duressc1320

defoulc1330

tyrantry1340

tyrannyc1368

oppressinga1382

overleadinga1382

tyrandisea1382

overlayingc1384

oppression1387

oversettinga1398

thronga1400

overpressingc1450

impressionc1470

tyrantshipc1470

tyrannesse?a1475

aggravation1481

defouling1483

supprissiona1500

oppressmentc1537

conculcation1547

iron hand?1570

thrall1578

tyrannizing1589

tyranting1596

ingrating1599

pressure1616

regrate1621

overpressure1644

slavishness1684

iron heel1798

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > [adjective] > tyrannical, despotic, or autocratic

tyrant1297

tyrannous1491

Pharaonical1528

tyrannical1560

tyrannizing1589

servile1603

despotical1608

monarchicala1618

Nimrodian1631

autocratoric1641

Dominical1644

despotic1650

Pendragonish1650

autocratical1651

autocratorical1651

Pharaonian1673

autocratic1769

Pharaonic1792

Corsican1804

Napoleonic1810

satrapian1822

satrapical1823

sultanic1827

absolutist1829

absolutistic1841

arbitrary1862

Napoleonistic1870

Nimrodic1877

pre-Hitlerian1942

1589 ‘M. Marprelate’ Hay any Worke for Cooper 41 For their tyrannizing ouer him.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vii. xviii. 329/2 His Christian heart pitying at such heathenish tyrannizing.

1650 A. B. Mutatus Polemo 9 A self willed and wildly-Tyrannizing Monarch.

c1680 in Roxburghe Ballads (1887) VI. 290 Cupid, leave thy Tyrannizing!

a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature (1834) II. 80 The crown, the church, and the barons, struggling which should have the tyrannizing over the people.

1791 H. More Estimate Relig. Fashionable World 89 Those tyrannizing inclinations, which have so natural a tendency to enslave the human heart.

1881 Athenæum 27 Aug. 268/1 Intolerant of mean compliances and tyrannizing superiors.

ˈtyrannizingly adv.

ΚΠ

1832 H. Melvile in Preacher III. 221/1 That infidelity which shall rule tyrannizingly over Christendom.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	tyrannize
释义	tyrannizev. Brit. /ˈtɪrənʌɪz/, /ˈtɪrn̩ʌɪz/, U.S. /ˈtɪrəˌnaɪz/ Forms: Also 1500s–1600s tir-. Etymology: < French tyranniser (14th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), < tyran tyrant n.; compare late Latin tyrannizāre to act the tyrant, Greek τυραννίζειν to side with a tyrant; also Portuguese tyrannizar, Spanish tiranizar, Italian tirannizare. 1. a. intransitive. To be a despot or absolute ruler; to exercise absolute rule. Const. over. ΚΠ 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. x. sig. Y4 Then gan Carausius tirannize anew, And gainst the Romanes bent their proper powre. 1628 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Peloponnesian War (1822) 9 Polycrates, who..tyrannized in Samos. 1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Antiq. Jews i. vi, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 13 Nimrod..stayed and tyrannized at Babylon. 1889 J. Jacobs Fables of Æsop 33 Here [i.e. at Athens] he ‘tyrannised’ in an easy-going way for ten years. †b. transitive. To have absolute sovereignty in or over; to rule over or dominate with absolute power. (Cf. 4) Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)] > tyrannize over tyrannize1583 Turkize1599 sultanize1804 Napoleonize1822 Neronize1889 1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries i. 6 The 12. articles..inuented and practised by the Spanish Inquisition, to the end they might inuade, get, and tyrannize the Belgique prouinces. 1651 in E. Nicholas Papers (1886) I. 270 That whisperinge calumniator who hath of late tyrannized their eares. 1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. i. 5 Giants, who tyranniz'd the Ile, till Brutus came. 1795 N. W. Wraxall Hist. France III. 175 His hopes of retaining the duchy of Brittany which he had tyrannized during a number of years. 2. a. intransitive. To reign tyrannically; to rule despotically or oppressively. Const. over (†on, upon). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (intransitive)] > tyrannize tyrannizea1513 domineer1591 Nimrodize1614 tyranta1661 sultanize1772 despotize1801 sultan1886 a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cl. f. lxxx^v Sigebertus was thus depryuyd from all Honoure when he..had Reygned or Tyrannysyd two yeres. 1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Oh read ouer D. Iohn Bridges: Epist. 22 Oppressing and tyrannizing ouer her Maiesties subiects. a1604 M. Hanmer Chron. Ireland 68 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Athelfrid the Saxon King of Northumbers, so tyrannized over the Britaines, that they were faine to take Ireland for their refuge. a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) i. 20 The King of Egypt after Iosephs death..did tyrannize upon them with all extremity. 1742 S. Johnson Deb. Senate Lilliput in Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 73 That Power by which..the Administration has tyrannized without Controul. 1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. ii. vi. 309 The kings..had strengths, wherein they lived; and whence they tyrannized. 1814 W. Scott Let. 30 Apr. (1932) III. 440 A glorious and stable peace with the country over which he tyrannized and its lawful ruler. b. transitive. To spend (time) in tyrannizing. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)] > tyrannize over > spend (time) in tyrannizing tyrannize1649 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxvii. 212 Idlely raigning..he either tyranniz'd or trifl'd away those seventeen yeares of peace. 3. a. intransitive. To act tyrannically, play the tyrant; to exercise power or control oppressively or cruelly. Const. as in 2. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (intransitive)] holec1175 thringc1175 domineer1591 tyrannizea1593 ingrate1600 oppress1611 magistrate1623 tyranny1650 a1593 C. Marlowe Edward II (1594) sig. B^v What? will they tyrannize vpon the Church? 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. i. i. 56 A sacrilegious Frenchman..became franticke..tyrannizing ouer his owne flesh. 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. xxvii. 158 They within the citie, being themselves safe on shore, tyrannized on their poore brethren in shipwreck. 1690 C. Ness Compl. Hist. & Myst. Old & New Test. I. 59 Popish prelates..tyrannizing also over the bones of the dead. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones I. i. vi. 26 It is the Nature of such Persons..to insult and tyrannize over little People. View more context for this quotation 1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna Ded. p. xxvii The selfish and the strong still tyrannise Without reproach or check. 1846 S. Sharpe Hist. Egypt xi. 364 The great were not allowed to tyrannize over the poor. b. figurative of things. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (intransitive)] > tyrannize > of things tyrannize1615 1615 W. Lawson Country Housewifes Garden (1626) 39 A long, proud, and disorderly Cyon,..bearing no fruit, till it haue tyrannized ouer the whole tree. a1616 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus (1623) iii. ii. 8 This poore right hand of mine, Is left to tirranize vppon my breast. 1672 J. Dryden Conquest Granada i. v. i. 67 Affairs of State..should not Tyrannize on Love, but waite. 1805 J. Foster Ess. iv. vii. 217 The influences which tyrannise over human passions and opinions. 1833 J. H. Newman Arians 4th Cent. i. 28 [The Arian heresy] made its way into the highest dignities of the Church..and tyrannized over the majority of her members who were orthodox believers. 1838–9 F. A. Kemble Jrnl. Resid. Georgian Plantation (1863) 19 The cold..tyrannizing over your region. 4. a. transitive. To rule or govern tyrannically; to treat tyrannically, play the tyrant to or over. (Cf. 1b) Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)] ofsiteOE forthringOE overlayOE ofsetOE to tread down, under foot, in the mire, to the ground, to piecesc1175 overseta1200 defoulc1300 oppressa1382 overpressa1382 overchargec1390 overleadc1390 overliea1393 thringa1400 overcarkc1400 to grind the faces (occasionally face) ofa1425 press?a1425 downthringc1430 vicea1525 tread1526 to hold (also keep, bring, put) one's nose to the grindstonea1533 tyrannizea1533 wring1550 downpress1579 bepress1591 defoil1601 ingrate1604 crush1611 grinda1626 macerate1637 trample1646 a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. Hh.ij That one with tyranny shuld tyrannise dyuers other. 1594 S. Daniel Trag. Cleopatra ii. i But that he must..tyrannize Th' afflicted Body of a woeful Woman. 1596 T. Danett tr. P. de Commynes Hist. v. xviii. 200 Their subiects, whom they tyrannize and oppresse..without any compassion. 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης iv. 35 Had..rather sit still and let his Countrie be tyranniz'd, then that the people..should..demand thir Rights. 1675 G. R. tr. A. Le Grand Man without Passion 34 The Proud Mistresses of Beauty, that Tyrannize the Spirits of indiscreet men. 1761 A. Murphy Old Maid ii. 41 Do not tyrannize me thus with alternate doubts and fears. 1783 J. O. Justamond tr. G. T. F. Raynal Philos. Hist. Europeans in Indies (new ed.) V. 268 They are tyrannized, mutilated, burnt, and put to death. 1896 Daily News 20 Feb. 6/1 A poor, weak ruler he was. The tyrant was tyrannised by the set about him. b. figurative of things. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)] > tyrannize over > of things tyrannize1588 1588 W. Byrd Psalmes, Sonets, & Songs xxviii. sig. F^v Pleasure..doth tirannize the ship. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. iv. vi. 203 Poverty, which doth so tyrannize, crucify, and generally depresse vs. 1741 E. Montagu Let. (1809) I. 271 Happier are they who are governed by another's will than such as are tyrannized by their own. 1887 G. Meredith Solon iv But shall the Present tyrannize us? †5. To render tyrannical; to make oppressive. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)] > render oppressive tyrannize1643 sultanize1901 1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 42 The canon law..whose boistrous edicts tyrannizing the blessed ordinance of mariage into the quality of a most unnatural..yoke [etc.]. Derivatives ˈtyrannized adj. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > [adjective] > subject to oppressive rule upsete1390 oppresseda1500 servile1547 subaltern1578 grinded1613 ridden1625 tyrannized1642 1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 53 A slavish obedience without law; which is the known definition of a tyrant, and a tyranniz'd people. 1756 World 9 Dec. 1240 In..a few months, from being a restless, tyrannized, tormented wretch, I found myself a husband, a cuckold, and a happy man. 1905 Daily Chron. 16 Feb. 5/2 The Church of the Concordat will be succeeded either by a free Church or by a tyrannised Church. ˈtyrannizing n. and adj. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > oppression > [noun] threat971 duressc1320 defoulc1330 tyrantry1340 tyrannyc1368 oppressinga1382 overleadinga1382 tyrandisea1382 overlayingc1384 oppression1387 oversettinga1398 thronga1400 overpressingc1450 impressionc1470 tyrantshipc1470 tyrannesse?a1475 aggravation1481 defouling1483 supprissiona1500 oppressmentc1537 conculcation1547 iron hand?1570 thrall1578 tyrannizing1589 tyranting1596 ingrating1599 pressure1616 regrate1621 overpressure1644 slavishness1684 iron heel1798 society > authority > rule or government > oppression > [adjective] > tyrannical, despotic, or autocratic tyrant1297 tyrannous1491 Pharaonical1528 tyrannical1560 tyrannizing1589 servile1603 despotical1608 monarchicala1618 Nimrodian1631 autocratoric1641 Dominical1644 despotic1650 Pendragonish1650 autocratical1651 autocratorical1651 Pharaonian1673 autocratic1769 Pharaonic1792 Corsican1804 Napoleonic1810 satrapian1822 satrapical1823 sultanic1827 absolutist1829 absolutistic1841 arbitrary1862 Napoleonistic1870 Nimrodic1877 pre-Hitlerian1942 1589 ‘M. Marprelate’ Hay any Worke for Cooper 41 For their tyrannizing ouer him. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vii. xviii. 329/2 His Christian heart pitying at such heathenish tyrannizing. 1650 A. B. Mutatus Polemo 9 A self willed and wildly-Tyrannizing Monarch. c1680 in Roxburghe Ballads (1887) VI. 290 Cupid, leave thy Tyrannizing! a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature (1834) II. 80 The crown, the church, and the barons, struggling which should have the tyrannizing over the people. 1791 H. More Estimate Relig. Fashionable World 89 Those tyrannizing inclinations, which have so natural a tendency to enslave the human heart. 1881 Athenæum 27 Aug. 268/1 Intolerant of mean compliances and tyrannizing superiors. ˈtyrannizingly adv. ΚΠ 1832 H. Melvile in Preacher III. 221/1 That infidelity which shall rule tyrannizingly over Christendom. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.a1513
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