单词 | unknow |
释义 | unknowv.1 1. a. transitive. To be unaware or ignorant of (a fact, circumstance, piece of information, etc.); to lack knowledge or understanding of (something); not to know the answer or solution to (a question). Frequently with clause as object. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > absence of perception > not perceive [verb (transitive)] unknowa1382 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 3 Kings xxii. 3 Vnknowe ȝee [L. Ignoratis] þat oure be ramoth galaad & wee ben necgligent to taken it? a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 160 (MED) Þou [sc. Nichodemus] art maister in Israel, and ȝit þou unknowist þes þingis? a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 3 (MED) Ye schuld noȝt vnknowe of howe myche meryt it is anentis God for to glorifie hym and plese hym be techyngis and prechyngis. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 41 I hardly beleeve, he hath from elder times unknowne the verticity of the loadstone. View more context for this quotation 1709 D. Manley Secret Mem. (ed. 2) II. 43 Sure these seem to unknow that there is a certain Portion of Misery..allotted to all Men. 1883 W. J. Coughlin Song of Idle Hour 123 Mortality unknows the length or breadth Of that tapered something betwixt life and death. (b) As present participle (frequently difficult to distinguish from unknowing adj., esp. in later use). ΚΠ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 3 Kings iii. 7 I forsoþe am a litil child & vnknowing [L. ignorans] þe goyng out & myn incoomynge. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Gal. iv. 8 Ȝe vnknowynge [L. ignorantes] God, seruyden to hem that weren not goddis. c1450 (?c1425) St. Mary of Oignies i. xi, in Anglia (1885) 8 147 Not vnknowynge þat oure lorde couerde þe naked of oure firste fader and moder after hir falle. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 87 Sche went onknowyng hir tyme fro Seynt Peteres onto Lateran. c1500 Melusine (1895) 27 He..rode apas vnknowing the way. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 369 Æneas went Sad from the Cave,..Unknowing whom the sacred Sibyl meant. 1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World I. 85 Mankind wanders, unknowing his way from morning till the evening. 1801 R. Southey Thalaba I. v. 284 Unknowing whitherward to bend his way He stood. 1844 A. W. Kinglake Eothen xii. 182 Unknowing of all geography, unknowing where he was, or whither he might go. 1906 Amer. Jrnl. Theol. 10 295 A drunken race, unknowing how to restrain itself, thinks harlots as permissible as dinners. 1988 Selkirk (Manitoba) Jrnl. 5 Jan. 4/4 I am writing this letter unknowing how to best achieve my objective. 2012 D. Arquette Forgotten Tales vi. 74 Unknowing which way to go they decided to follow the tunnel. b. intransitive. To be or remain ignorant or unaware; (also) to refuse to know or acknowledge. ΚΠ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) 2 Esdras iv. 11 Wite [altered from witen] þei not & vnknowe þei [L. ignorent] to þe tyme þat wee comyn in to þe myddel of hem & slen hem. c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1901) I. 1 Cor. xiv. 38 Gif ony man is seen to be a prophete, or spirituale, knaw he tha thingis that I write to you..And gif ony man vnknawis, he salbe vnknawne. 1710 D. Manley Mem. Europe I. iii. 281 A Husband..is oblig'd to turn his Eyes, as if to unknow, or at least must take no notice of here. 1908 J. Davidson Mammon & his Message 82 That's to know less than nothing of the world, Rather, indeed, to unknow. 2009 James Joyce Q. 47 56 This will to unknow means that Stephen newly embraces the value of incertitude. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > not know [verb (transitive)] unknowc1384 ignorec1475 miskenc1480 misknowa1522 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Cor. x. 1 I nyle ȝou for to vnknowe [L. ignorare], for [a1425 L.V. that] alle oure fadris weren vndir cloude. a1425 (a1400) Northern Pauline Epist. (1916) 2 Cor. i. 8 We wil not ȝou to vnknowe [L. ignorare] breþere of oure tribulacyoun. ΚΠ 1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 xcvi. 25 The Kingly beast..slowly moves, unknowing to give place. 1693 P. Motteux in S. Wesley Life our Blessed Lord sig. C3v Others live with Martha's Cares opprest; When once engag'd, unknowing to go back. 1746 P. Francis tr. Horace Art of Poetry in P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Epistles 255 In one grand Whole unknowing to unite Those different Parts. 1799 T. Le Mesurier Poems chiefly Sonnets 10 Book-learn'd Pedant's useless Skill, Life's smallest Tasks unknowing to fulfil. 1813 J. Fitchett King Alfred III. xix. 140 So much,..he may believe From one, unknowing to deceive, or change. 1838 H. D. Thoreau Jrnl. 16 Oct. in Writings (1906) VII. 60 Theirs was the inward lustre that bespeaks An open sole—-unknowing to exclude The cheerful day. 2. transitive. To lack direct experience of or familiarity with; not to be acquainted or conversant with (a person, place, or thing). Also: to lack experience or familiarity of (something) through choice; to reject. Cf. know v. II. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > unfamiliarity with, inexperience > lack skill or experience [verb] unknowa1382 seeka1529 not to know the first thing about1856 not to have a clue1948 not to have a scooby1993 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) Job xxiv. 16 Þei breeken þurȝ housis in derknessis..& þei vnknewen liȝt, if feerly apere þe morewetide þey demen þe shadewe of deþ. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Rom. x. 3 Thei vnknowynge Goddis riȝtwysnesse, and sekinge for to make stedefast her owne, ben not suget to the riȝtwysnesse of God. c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 382 (MED) We holden hit a vertu at hom in oure lande Among þe men of our march mercy unknowe. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 61 Þoo þat vnknawen þe riȝtwisnes of God. a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 70 (MED) There ben prestes oute of nombre þat so presumen in hem-self, as dispisynge or vnknowynge the wille, þe commaundement, and the lawe of God. a1751 Visct. Bolingbroke Philos. Wks. (1754) V. lxxiii. 160 They make us unknow him [sc. God]..and impose an imaginary being upon us for the true God. 1871 A. C. Swinburne Hertha 19 Love or unlove me, Unknow me or know. 1886 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. VIII. 78 Say where Is the noble of soul who such sorrow unknows? 1982 M. Mahy Haunting ix. 100 I knew you and I can't pretend to unknow you now. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022). unknowv.2 transitive. To cease to know (a thing, person, fact, etc.); to remove (knowledge, information, etc.) from the mind or memory; to forget. Also occasionally intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > faulty recollection > recollect wrongly [verb (transitive)] > forget, cease to know forgetc888 unremember1484 tine1513 lose1530 retire1549 unknowa1586 forlet1813 disremember1815 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. v. sig. Ll4v She..rather wished to vnknowe what she knewe, then to burden her hart with more hopeles knowledge. 1627 S. Ward Happinesse of Pract. 31 Such..shall soone vnknow that which they know [to be good]. 1697 J. Sergeant Solid Philos. Pref. sig. B2 His Method of Unknowing all that Nature had taught him. 1782 T. Paine Let. to Abbe Raynal 51 There is no possibility..of the mind unknowing any thing it already knows. 1799 H. More Strictures Mod. Syst. Female Educ. II. xiii. 33 Women, though struggling with the same natural corruptions, have commonly less knowledge to unknow, and no schemes to unlearn. 1859 I. Taylor Logic in Theol. 270 Unless I might unknow what I have come to know. 1865 J. Grote Exploratio Philosophica Pt. I i. 243 We have got to unsee and unknow much further back than this, if [etc.]. 1904 Smith's Weekly 19 Nov. 677/2 How did you manage to unknow him, daddy? 1933 D. L. Sayers Hangman's Holiday 253 I know the thing and I can't unknow it again. It's unfortunate, but there it is. 2013 Florida Times-Union (Nexis) 31 Aug. a1 If you learn something in a courtroom, a judge can't order you to after-the-fact unknow it. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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