bulldozern.

Brit.

/ˈbʊlˌdəʊzə/, U.S.

/ˈbʊlˌdoʊzər/

Forms: 1800s bulldoser, 1800s–1900s buldozer, 1800s–1900s bulldoozer, 1800s– bulldozer, 1900s bulldooser.

Origin: Perhaps formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: bulldoze v., -er suffix¹.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < bulldoze v. + -er suffix¹, although the verb is first attested slightly later than the present word and is itself of uncertain origin: see further discussion at bulldoze v. Compare also bulldoze n., bulldozed adj., bulldozing n., bulldozing adj., all first attested in corresponding senses in 1876. For further discussion see also etymological note at bulldoze n.This word has been connected from a relatively early date to a remark made by a German-born former Confederate soldier called Louis Albert Wagner (c1836–81) said to be living in East Feliciana, Louisiana in the 1870s. However, given that the wording of the remark is variously reported and evidence to confirm a connection with this individual is lacking, these accounts may well be apocryphal. Compare:1881 Donaldsonville (Louisiana) Chief 5 Nov. Louis Albert Wagner..lived in East Feliciana parish a number of years prior to his death, and was the reputed coiner of the word ‘bulldozer’.1909 L. W. Conerly Pike County, Mississippi viii. 292 Louis Wagoner..was living in the town of Clinton, in East Filiciana Parish, La., at the inception and beginning of the organization of Bull Whippers. Becoming irritated with some one on an occasion when he was in his liquor, he remarked: ‘Tam him, I'd bull dosch him.’ The word then grew to bulldose, then bulldoozer, and lastly bulldozer.1918 Proc. Hist. Soc. E. & W. Baton Rouge 2 25 Louis Wagner..exclaimed: ‘Bulldoozer mit der Hoozza. They are hanging men and women now for wearing of the green.’..Louis Wagner's joke became current through town, and the regulators became called bulldozers.

1. Originally and chiefly U.S.

a. A member of any of various vigilante groups operating in the southern United States in the late 19th cent., characterized by their use of threats and acts of violence to prevent African-American voters from casting ballots for candidates of the Republican party (now historical). Later more generally: a person or group using aggression, intimidation, or coercion; a bully or thug.The bulldozers rose to prominence in Louisiana during the final year of Reconstruction (1863–77), when their tactics of coercion and intimidation succeeded in suppressing the African-American Republican vote in the 1876 Presidential election and secured a win for Democratic candidate Samuel Tilden. Cf. regulator n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [noun] > one who compels

constrainer1382

forcer1556

compellera1577

enforcer1580

duressora1626

necessitater1654

coercer1811

bulldozer1876

necessitator1904

arm-twister1915

1876 New Orleans Republican 7 Mar. 6/1 A few ‘Bulldoozers’ (regulators) passed through St. Francisville on the night of the first.

1878 N. Amer. Rev. 127 426 All this I know is very jolly for, as the Americans would say, the great ‘Bulldozer’ of Europe.

1882 N.Y. Tribune 3 May The hotel where he was staying was visited..by a mob of bull-dozers who showed their warm regard for him by smashing all the windows.

1899 M. Kingsley Let. 19 Mar. in S. Gwynn Life of M. K. (1933) 210 They leave that to the bulldozers, and the present system mistakes these bulldozers for representative men.

1922 R. S. Sutliffe Impressions Average Juryman 32 Many of the jurors have at some time..been heckled and perhaps abused by some bulldozer.

2020 Australian (Nexis) 1 Oct. 10 [He] is a bad-mannered, bullying bulldozer and in the first presidential debate he behaved according to type.

†b. A large-calibre pistol. Cf. persuader n. 2a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > pistol > types of

dag1587

key gun1607

pocket pistol1612

key pistol1663

holster-pistol1679

troop pistol1688

horse pistol1704

screw-barrel1744

saddle pistol1764

air pistol1780

Wogdon1786

belt pistol1833

dueller1835

Colt1838

tickler1844

Derringer1853

cocking pistol1858

belt size1866

bulldozer1880

saloon pistol1899

Luger1904

Police Positive1905

Steyr1920

Saturday-night pistol1929

muff pistol1938

PPK1946

Makarov1958

Saturday-night special1959

puffer1963

snub nose1979

snubby1981

1880 Brenham (Texas) Weekly Banner 19 Aug. A young man at San Augustine was fined for carrying a bulldozer (pistol).

1886 L. Berens Woman with Past II. iv. 67 Pipes, books, photographs, smoking-cap, and slippers, and last not least a hideous revolver—yclept a Californian Bulldoser—were severally arranged.

1896 Ketchum (Idaho) Keystone 4 Jan. From his right hip pocket protrudes the breech of a self cocker British bulldozer pistol.

2. U.S. A type of mechanical forging press for bending large pieces of iron and steel, used esp. in the manufacture of components for the railway.

ΚΠ

1886 Western Manufacturer 30 Jan. 7/1 The first illustration on this page represents the patent forging, bending and forming machine, so widely known among large workers in iron as ‘The Bulldozer’.

1935 Railway Mech. Engineer Apr. 154/1 Wrought iron plates can be bent satisfactorily using either a gag-press or a bulldozer.

1991 Dict. Occup. Titles (U.S. Dept. Labor) (ed. 4) II. 844/1 Straightens warped or bent parts, using sledge, hand torch, straightening press, or bulldozer.

a. A heavy construction vehicle, typically moving on caterpillar tracks or large tyres, having a broad bucket or blade at the front for pushing and (often) lifting earth and other loose material, used for clearing and levelling uneven ground and for demolition. Also: †an attachment with a bucket or blade of this type designed to be fitted to the front of a tractor (obsolete).Originally denoting a piece of earthmoving equipment comprising a long frame with wheels at the back and a broad curved blade at the front, designed to be drawn by a team of horses or mules. Such devices were later used with motor tractors, before the manufacture of blade and bucket attachments specifically for use with tractors began in the early 1920s. In early use, bulldozer is used variously for the earth-pushing component and the vehicle equipped with it, and in individual instances it can be difficult to determine which is intended.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > earth-moving and excavating equipment > [noun] > bulldozer

bulldozer1916

angledozer1935

dozer1942

1916 Earth Mover Sept. 29/2 (caption) J. & R. Malone outfit showing Dump Wagon and Bulldozer.

1921 Earth Mover July 11/2 When not used as a bulldozer this same tractor handled a blade grader on the fill, constantly levelling and maintaining a good road for the wagon train over the soft dirt.

1958 Daily Mail 16 July 7/4 I worked the loader, a rear-dump truck, a bottom-dump truck, and then a caterpillar bulldozer.

2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 13 May a17/1 Bulldozers are forming mountains of sand along the narrow island's main road to block an oily washover.

b. figurative. A person with a robust and powerful physique. Also: a person exercising irresistible force, especially in disposing of opposition.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigorous or energetic person > forceful person

bulldozer1945

1945 R. J. Oakes in Coast to Coast 1944 100 The fourth man was a gunner, a bulldozer of a man, quite capable of suffering his own injuries and those of others, too, if necessary.

1952 Warwick (Queensland) Daily News 29 May 4/4 He plays in spasms, but when flat out is a veritable bulldozer.

2004 W. St. John Rammer Jammer Yellow Hammer 25 We have Chris Samuels, a bulldozer of an offensive lineman who clears the way for Alexander.

Compounds

As a modifier with the sense ‘forceful’, ‘indomitable’, or ‘unstoppable’.

ΚΠ

1952 Sat. Rev. (U.S.) 9 Aug. 12 The bulldozer determination with which he plowed through confused happenings.

1959 Times Lit. Suppl. 20 Feb. 102/1 The bulldozer detective tactics of Inspector Evans.

2014 M. A. Robinson World of Musicals i. 449 Ethel Merman, with her big belting voice, bulldozer personality, and triple-threat talents, established the standard by which all musical theatre performers that came after her would be judged.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

bulldozerv.

Brit.

/ˈbʊlˌdəʊzə/, U.S.

/ˈbʊlˌdoʊzər/

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: bulldozer n.

Etymology: Apparently < bulldozer n. Compare bulldoze v., and also bulldozing n., bulldozing adj., bulldozered adj.

†a. transitive. U.S. Apparently: to appropriate (funds) by means of coercion or intimidation. Cf. bulldozer n. 1a. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1876 Middletown (N.Y.) Daily Argus 24 Nov. From the talk we hear on our streets we should imagine that some of our taxpayers' funds have been ‘bulldozered’ by certain officials in this village.

b. transitive. To coerce, bully, or pressurize (a person, group, etc.), esp. into a specified course of action. Cf. bulldoze v. 1, steamroller v. 2.

ΚΠ

1945 Daily News (Perth, Austral.) 15 Dec. 5/1 In 15 years, the old Shah's splenetic energy also bulldozered medieval Persia into building a 860-mile railroad.., erecting schools and factories,..accepting movies and traffic lights.

1993 S. Deshpande Binding Vine 81 You let him bulldozer you, you crawl before him.

2017 W. Sussex Gaz. (Nexis) 25 July Somebody has tabled a solution and said this is what you will do or you will lose it [the funding]—we should not as a community be bulldozered into a solution.

2. transitive. To demolish (buildings, etc.) or clear (land) with a bulldozer. Also with away, down, etc. Cf. bulldoze v. 4a.

ΚΠ

1945 L. Cohen Coming Home iii. vi. 368 The rotted wooden shacks.., why shouldn't they be bulldozered down, just run a bulldozer through the whole rotten mess.

1976 Florida Flambeau (Florida State Univ.) 23 Aug. 7/2 The Briggs' estate was torn down long ago... All of it was bulldozered away.

2012 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 29 Jan. (Business section) 2/2 I grew up around the idea that you can take a piece of land, and..bulldozer it and build new homes on it.

3. intransitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase. To make one's way with force or determination, esp. by (literally or figuratively) pushing aside obstacles or opponents; to proceed heedlessly or inconsiderately. Also transitive in to bulldozer one's way. Cf. bulldoze v. 5.

ΚΠ

1952 Valley Morning Star (Harlingden, Texas) 18 Oct. 5/6 [They] scored twice in the third [quarter]..the second by James Sestak, who bulldozered over from the five.

1968 Samara 1967–8 (Elmwood School, Toronto) 57/1 Long after most people had bulldozered their way out of the arena, searching for new excitement and action, she had remained in her seat.

1990 Campaign (Nexis) 27 July An applicant..rang me..about an advertised position. When I politely explained that we had dinner guests, he bulldozered on.

1993 Mail on Sunday (Nexis) 19 Sept. 35 The neighbour we all fear, the relative we all avoid. Yet Hyacinth Bucket..has..bulldozered her way into the nation's affections.

2020 Times (Nexis) 22 Feb. 8 Tompkins was responsible for Jordan Larmour's opening try, when the full back bulldozered past him.

4. transitive. To defeat (an opposing team, party, etc.) overwhelmingly or decisively. Also with down.

ΚΠ

1954 Shafter (California) Press 18 Mar. 7/3 Shafter Hi's first girl's tennis team in several years..bulldozered two opponents.

1986 M. L. Retton et al. Mary Lou iv. 35 We beat the Russians [in gymnastics] for the first time... Our little team just bulldozered them down.

2002 Express (Nexis) 24 Apr. 71 They lost 4-1 at Arsenal, but I wouldn't say they were bulldozered because they had a lot of chances.

2021 Guardian (Nexis) 7 May They [sc. Labour] still got bulldozered. Hartlepool has voted by a landslide for a Conservative.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

单词	bulldozer
释义	bulldozern. Brit. /ˈbʊlˌdəʊzə/, U.S. /ˈbʊlˌdoʊzər/ Forms: 1800s bulldoser, 1800s–1900s buldozer, 1800s–1900s bulldoozer, 1800s– bulldozer, 1900s bulldooser. Origin: Perhaps formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: bulldoze v., -er suffix¹. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < bulldoze v. + -er suffix¹, although the verb is first attested slightly later than the present word and is itself of uncertain origin: see further discussion at bulldoze v. Compare also bulldoze n., bulldozed adj., bulldozing n., bulldozing adj., all first attested in corresponding senses in 1876. For further discussion see also etymological note at bulldoze n.This word has been connected from a relatively early date to a remark made by a German-born former Confederate soldier called Louis Albert Wagner (c1836–81) said to be living in East Feliciana, Louisiana in the 1870s. However, given that the wording of the remark is variously reported and evidence to confirm a connection with this individual is lacking, these accounts may well be apocryphal. Compare:1881 Donaldsonville (Louisiana) Chief 5 Nov. Louis Albert Wagner..lived in East Feliciana parish a number of years prior to his death, and was the reputed coiner of the word ‘bulldozer’.1909 L. W. Conerly Pike County, Mississippi viii. 292 Louis Wagoner..was living in the town of Clinton, in East Filiciana Parish, La., at the inception and beginning of the organization of Bull Whippers. Becoming irritated with some one on an occasion when he was in his liquor, he remarked: ‘Tam him, I'd bull dosch him.’ The word then grew to bulldose, then bulldoozer, and lastly bulldozer.1918 Proc. Hist. Soc. E. & W. Baton Rouge 2 25 Louis Wagner..exclaimed: ‘Bulldoozer mit der Hoozza. They are hanging men and women now for wearing of the green.’..Louis Wagner's joke became current through town, and the regulators became called bulldozers. 1. Originally and chiefly U.S. a. A member of any of various vigilante groups operating in the southern United States in the late 19th cent., characterized by their use of threats and acts of violence to prevent African-American voters from casting ballots for candidates of the Republican party (now historical). Later more generally: a person or group using aggression, intimidation, or coercion; a bully or thug.The bulldozers rose to prominence in Louisiana during the final year of Reconstruction (1863–77), when their tactics of coercion and intimidation succeeded in suppressing the African-American Republican vote in the 1876 Presidential election and secured a win for Democratic candidate Samuel Tilden. Cf. regulator n. 4. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [noun] > one who compels constrainer1382 forcer1556 compellera1577 enforcer1580 duressora1626 necessitater1654 coercer1811 bulldozer1876 necessitator1904 arm-twister1915 1876 New Orleans Republican 7 Mar. 6/1 A few ‘Bulldoozers’ (regulators) passed through St. Francisville on the night of the first. 1878 N. Amer. Rev. 127 426 All this I know is very jolly for, as the Americans would say, the great ‘Bulldozer’ of Europe. 1882 N.Y. Tribune 3 May The hotel where he was staying was visited..by a mob of bull-dozers who showed their warm regard for him by smashing all the windows. 1899 M. Kingsley Let. 19 Mar. in S. Gwynn Life of M. K. (1933) 210 They leave that to the bulldozers, and the present system mistakes these bulldozers for representative men. 1922 R. S. Sutliffe Impressions Average Juryman 32 Many of the jurors have at some time..been heckled and perhaps abused by some bulldozer. 2020 Australian (Nexis) 1 Oct. 10 [He] is a bad-mannered, bullying bulldozer and in the first presidential debate he behaved according to type. †b. A large-calibre pistol. Cf. persuader n. 2a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > pistol > types of dag1587 key gun1607 pocket pistol1612 key pistol1663 holster-pistol1679 troop pistol1688 horse pistol1704 screw-barrel1744 saddle pistol1764 air pistol1780 Wogdon1786 belt pistol1833 dueller1835 Colt1838 tickler1844 Derringer1853 cocking pistol1858 belt size1866 bulldozer1880 saloon pistol1899 Luger1904 Police Positive1905 Steyr1920 Saturday-night pistol1929 muff pistol1938 PPK1946 Makarov1958 Saturday-night special1959 puffer1963 snub nose1979 snubby1981 1880 Brenham (Texas) Weekly Banner 19 Aug. A young man at San Augustine was fined for carrying a bulldozer (pistol). 1886 L. Berens Woman with Past II. iv. 67 Pipes, books, photographs, smoking-cap, and slippers, and last not least a hideous revolver—yclept a Californian Bulldoser—were severally arranged. 1896 Ketchum (Idaho) Keystone 4 Jan. From his right hip pocket protrudes the breech of a self cocker British bulldozer pistol. 2. U.S. A type of mechanical forging press for bending large pieces of iron and steel, used esp. in the manufacture of components for the railway. ΚΠ 1886 Western Manufacturer 30 Jan. 7/1 The first illustration on this page represents the patent forging, bending and forming machine, so widely known among large workers in iron as ‘The Bulldozer’. 1935 Railway Mech. Engineer Apr. 154/1 Wrought iron plates can be bent satisfactorily using either a gag-press or a bulldozer. 1991 Dict. Occup. Titles (U.S. Dept. Labor) (ed. 4) II. 844/1 Straightens warped or bent parts, using sledge, hand torch, straightening press, or bulldozer. 3. a. A heavy construction vehicle, typically moving on caterpillar tracks or large tyres, having a broad bucket or blade at the front for pushing and (often) lifting earth and other loose material, used for clearing and levelling uneven ground and for demolition. Also: †an attachment with a bucket or blade of this type designed to be fitted to the front of a tractor (obsolete).Originally denoting a piece of earthmoving equipment comprising a long frame with wheels at the back and a broad curved blade at the front, designed to be drawn by a team of horses or mules. Such devices were later used with motor tractors, before the manufacture of blade and bucket attachments specifically for use with tractors began in the early 1920s. In early use, bulldozer is used variously for the earth-pushing component and the vehicle equipped with it, and in individual instances it can be difficult to determine which is intended. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > earth-moving and excavating equipment > [noun] > bulldozer bulldozer1916 angledozer1935 dozer1942 1916 Earth Mover Sept. 29/2 (caption) J. & R. Malone outfit showing Dump Wagon and Bulldozer. 1921 Earth Mover July 11/2 When not used as a bulldozer this same tractor handled a blade grader on the fill, constantly levelling and maintaining a good road for the wagon train over the soft dirt. 1958 Daily Mail 16 July 7/4 I worked the loader, a rear-dump truck, a bottom-dump truck, and then a caterpillar bulldozer. 2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 13 May a17/1 Bulldozers are forming mountains of sand along the narrow island's main road to block an oily washover. b. figurative. A person with a robust and powerful physique. Also: a person exercising irresistible force, especially in disposing of opposition. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > vigorous or energetic person > forceful person bulldozer1945 1945 R. J. Oakes in Coast to Coast 1944 100 The fourth man was a gunner, a bulldozer of a man, quite capable of suffering his own injuries and those of others, too, if necessary. 1952 Warwick (Queensland) Daily News 29 May 4/4 He plays in spasms, but when flat out is a veritable bulldozer. 2004 W. St. John Rammer Jammer Yellow Hammer 25 We have Chris Samuels, a bulldozer of an offensive lineman who clears the way for Alexander. Compounds As a modifier with the sense ‘forceful’, ‘indomitable’, or ‘unstoppable’. ΚΠ 1952 Sat. Rev. (U.S.) 9 Aug. 12 The bulldozer determination with which he plowed through confused happenings. 1959 Times Lit. Suppl. 20 Feb. 102/1 The bulldozer detective tactics of Inspector Evans. 2014 M. A. Robinson World of Musicals i. 449 Ethel Merman, with her big belting voice, bulldozer personality, and triple-threat talents, established the standard by which all musical theatre performers that came after her would be judged. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). bulldozerv. Brit. /ˈbʊlˌdəʊzə/, U.S. /ˈbʊlˌdoʊzər/ Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: bulldozer n. Etymology: Apparently < bulldozer n. Compare bulldoze v., and also bulldozing n., bulldozing adj., bulldozered adj. 1. †a. transitive. U.S. Apparently: to appropriate (funds) by means of coercion or intimidation. Cf. bulldozer n. 1a. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1876 Middletown (N.Y.) Daily Argus 24 Nov. From the talk we hear on our streets we should imagine that some of our taxpayers' funds have been ‘bulldozered’ by certain officials in this village. b. transitive. To coerce, bully, or pressurize (a person, group, etc.), esp. into a specified course of action. Cf. bulldoze v. 1, steamroller v. 2. ΚΠ 1945 Daily News (Perth, Austral.) 15 Dec. 5/1 In 15 years, the old Shah's splenetic energy also bulldozered medieval Persia into building a 860-mile railroad.., erecting schools and factories,..accepting movies and traffic lights. 1993 S. Deshpande Binding Vine 81 You let him bulldozer you, you crawl before him. 2017 W. Sussex Gaz. (Nexis) 25 July Somebody has tabled a solution and said this is what you will do or you will lose it [the funding]—we should not as a community be bulldozered into a solution. 2. transitive. To demolish (buildings, etc.) or clear (land) with a bulldozer. Also with away, down, etc. Cf. bulldoze v. 4a. ΚΠ 1945 L. Cohen Coming Home iii. vi. 368 The rotted wooden shacks.., why shouldn't they be bulldozered down, just run a bulldozer through the whole rotten mess. 1976 Florida Flambeau (Florida State Univ.) 23 Aug. 7/2 The Briggs' estate was torn down long ago... All of it was bulldozered away. 2012 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 29 Jan. (Business section) 2/2 I grew up around the idea that you can take a piece of land, and..bulldozer it and build new homes on it. 3. intransitive. With adverb or prepositional phrase. To make one's way with force or determination, esp. by (literally or figuratively) pushing aside obstacles or opponents; to proceed heedlessly or inconsiderately. Also transitive in to bulldozer one's way. Cf. bulldoze v. 5. ΚΠ 1952 Valley Morning Star (Harlingden, Texas) 18 Oct. 5/6 [They] scored twice in the third [quarter]..the second by James Sestak, who bulldozered over from the five. 1968 Samara 1967–8 (Elmwood School, Toronto) 57/1 Long after most people had bulldozered their way out of the arena, searching for new excitement and action, she had remained in her seat. 1990 Campaign (Nexis) 27 July An applicant..rang me..about an advertised position. When I politely explained that we had dinner guests, he bulldozered on. 1993 Mail on Sunday (Nexis) 19 Sept. 35 The neighbour we all fear, the relative we all avoid. Yet Hyacinth Bucket..has..bulldozered her way into the nation's affections. 2020 Times (Nexis) 22 Feb. 8 Tompkins was responsible for Jordan Larmour's opening try, when the full back bulldozered past him. 4. transitive. To defeat (an opposing team, party, etc.) overwhelmingly or decisively. Also with down. ΚΠ 1954 Shafter (California) Press 18 Mar. 7/3 Shafter Hi's first girl's tennis team in several years..bulldozered two opponents. 1986 M. L. Retton et al. Mary Lou iv. 35 We beat the Russians [in gymnastics] for the first time... Our little team just bulldozered them down. 2002 Express (Nexis) 24 Apr. 71 They lost 4-1 at Arsenal, but I wouldn't say they were bulldozered because they had a lot of chances. 2021 Guardian (Nexis) 7 May They [sc. Labour] still got bulldozered. Hartlepool has voted by a landslide for a Conservative. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2022). < n.1876v.1876
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