varioliten.

Brit.

/ˈvɛːrɪəlʌɪt/, U.S.

/ˈvɛriəˌlaɪt/

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Italian; modelled on a German lexical item. Partly a borrowing from Latin; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: Italian variolite; Latin variolites.

Etymology: < (i) Italian variolite (1780 in A. Gualandris Lettere odeporiche 142, the source reviewed in quot. 1781, or earlier), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin variolites, denoting various kinds of minerals characterized by pustule-like bumps (1742 or earlier; < variola variola n. + classical Latin -ītēs -ite suffix¹), perhaps itself after German Pockenstein (1714 or earlier; < Pocken- , combining form of Pocke pock n.¹ + Stein stone n.), with reference to the appearance of the mineral.Compare French variolite (1761 or earlier) and German Variolith (1779 or earlier; < vario- (in post-classical Latin variola ) + German -lith -lith comb. form), both after post-classical Latin variolites.

Geology.

A fine-grained igneous rock, often basaltic or andesitic, containing spherical or ovoid crystalline masses (typically pale and several millimetres in diameter) which give it a spotted or pockmarked appearance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > other igneous

clay-stone1777

variolite1781

pyroxenite1845

aplite1862

anorthosite1863

teschenite1866

yellow ground1883

kimberlite1887

sanidinite1887

websterite1890

essexite1891

monzonite1895

missourite1896

theralite1898

heronite1899

kentallenite1900

carbonatite1924

wonderstone1936

1781 Monthly Rev. 65 553 We observe, that his [sc. Gualandris] hypothetical explication of the origin of the Variolites, so common in those parts, and of the stratification between Kirn and Oberstein, though, perhaps, a little too minute, is accurate and satisfactory.

1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 368 Variolites. Stones that have rounded protuberances, of a different nature from the common mass of the stone.

1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy I. 133 When the crystals..assume an oval, but particularly a round shape, the rock may be aptly styled a variolite.

1879 F. Rutley Study of Rocks xiii. 248 Variolite is an aphanitic diabase of compact texture and greenish-grey colour, in which there occur little concretions of a paler colour, ranging up to the size of small nuts.

1903 Amer. Geologist 32 74 A review of the literature dealing with variolite seems to show that it is best developed within ‘ellipsoidal’ or pillow-lava.

1982 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 90 189/2 Furnes (1973) suggests variolites may be indicative of eruption in relatively deep water.

2004 N. T. Arndt & A. D. Fowler in P. G. Eriksson et al. Precambrian Earth iv. 309 Variolites are rocks containing centimetre-scale leucocratic globular structures in a fine-grained mafic rock.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	variolite
释义	varioliten. Brit. /ˈvɛːrɪəlʌɪt/, U.S. /ˈvɛriəˌlaɪt/ Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Italian; modelled on a German lexical item. Partly a borrowing from Latin; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: Italian variolite; Latin variolites. Etymology: < (i) Italian variolite (1780 in A. Gualandris Lettere odeporiche 142, the source reviewed in quot. 1781, or earlier), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin variolites, denoting various kinds of minerals characterized by pustule-like bumps (1742 or earlier; < variola variola n. + classical Latin -ītēs -ite suffix¹), perhaps itself after German Pockenstein (1714 or earlier; < Pocken- , combining form of Pocke pock n.¹ + Stein stone n.), with reference to the appearance of the mineral.Compare French variolite (1761 or earlier) and German Variolith (1779 or earlier; < vario- (in post-classical Latin variola ) + German -lith -lith comb. form), both after post-classical Latin variolites. Geology. A fine-grained igneous rock, often basaltic or andesitic, containing spherical or ovoid crystalline masses (typically pale and several millimetres in diameter) which give it a spotted or pockmarked appearance. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > other igneous clay-stone1777 variolite1781 pyroxenite1845 aplite1862 anorthosite1863 teschenite1866 yellow ground1883 kimberlite1887 sanidinite1887 websterite1890 essexite1891 monzonite1895 missourite1896 theralite1898 heronite1899 kentallenite1900 carbonatite1924 wonderstone1936 1781 Monthly Rev. 65 553 We observe, that his [sc. Gualandris] hypothetical explication of the origin of the Variolites, so common in those parts, and of the stratification between Kirn and Oberstein, though, perhaps, a little too minute, is accurate and satisfactory. 1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 368 Variolites. Stones that have rounded protuberances, of a different nature from the common mass of the stone. 1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy I. 133 When the crystals..assume an oval, but particularly a round shape, the rock may be aptly styled a variolite. 1879 F. Rutley Study of Rocks xiii. 248 Variolite is an aphanitic diabase of compact texture and greenish-grey colour, in which there occur little concretions of a paler colour, ranging up to the size of small nuts. 1903 Amer. Geologist 32 74 A review of the literature dealing with variolite seems to show that it is best developed within ‘ellipsoidal’ or pillow-lava. 1982 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 90 189/2 Furnes (1973) suggests variolites may be indicative of eruption in relatively deep water. 2004 N. T. Arndt & A. D. Fowler in P. G. Eriksson et al. Precambrian Earth iv. 309 Variolites are rocks containing centimetre-scale leucocratic globular structures in a fine-grained mafic rock. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1781
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