violan.¹

Brit.

/ˈvʌɪələ/,

/ˈvɪələ/,

/vʌɪˈəʊlə/, U.S.

/vaɪˈoʊlə/,

/ˈvaɪələ/

Etymology: < Latin viola violet.

†1. The violet. Also figurative. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > pea flowers > violet and allied flowers > violet

apple leafa1200

violetc1330

violac1430

March violet1568

blue violet1656

sweet-scented violet1731

Canada violet1771

ladies' delight1809

dame's rocket1866

c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1911) 300 Haile, fresshe Rose, planted in Iericho! Swettest viola, that neuer shal fade.

a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Lion & Mouse l. 1336 in Poems (1981) 54 The rosis reid,..The prymeros and the purpour viola.

a. A large genus of herbaceous plants of the order Violaceæ, including violets and pansies; a plant or species of this genus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Violaceae > [noun]

viola1731

violals1846

violetworts1846

1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. [as Latin generic name, and so in many later Dicts.]

1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 345/2 The principle..has been separated by Boullay from some species of Viola.

1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 345/2 The capsule is like Viola.

1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 241/2 The violas are credited with powerful emetic and diuretic properties.

1904 Westm. Gaz. 23 July 4/2 The Alpine viola, in wondrous shades of mauve and violet and purple, stands an inch above the grass.

b. A hybrid garden-plant of this genus, distinguished from the pansy by a more delicate and uniform colouring of the flowers.

ΘΚΠ

pansyc1450

heartsease1530

pansy flower1530

three (also two) faces under (or in) a (or one) hood1548

bulbous violet1578

love-in-idleness1578

sweet violet1578

pensea1592

cull-me-to-you1597

dog's tooth violet1597

dog violet1597

kiss-me-ere-I-rise1597

live in idleness1597

wild violet1597

yellow violet1597

love-and-idle1630

love-in-idle1664

trinity1699

fancy1712

wood violet1713

marsh violet1753

tree violet1753

kiss-me-at-the-gate1787

bird's-foot violet1802

Parma violet1812

Johnny-jump-up1827

stepmother1828

Neapolitan violet1830

garden gate1842

butterfly pea1848

kissa1852

pinkany-John1854

viola1871

kiss-me1877

pink-eyed John1877

face and hood1886

roosterhead1894

trout-lily1909

1871 Field II. 250/2 There is still a good early-flowering white Viola wanted.

1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 241/2 ‘Bedding violas,’ which differ from pansies in some slight technical details, have been raised by crossing V. lutea with V. calcarata.

1897 Westm. Gaz. 22 Nov. 1/3 Patches of pale mauve and purple show where colonies of violas and pansies are in bloom.

attributive.1871 Field II. 250/2 Another manifest want in the Viola tribe.1896 Daily News 22 June 3/5 Viola Show.—The first show of the National Viola Society was held on Saturday afternoon.

3. attributive. In chemical terms denoting substances derived from the violet or pansy.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > emetic > plant-based

stavesacrea1400

vomiting nut1575

Paraguay herb1717

violine1829

violina1836

lobelia1849

gillenin1856

viola1868

1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1001 Violin, or Viola-Emetin, an emetic substance contained, according to Boullay, in all parts of the common violet.

1887 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. V. 490/2 Little, if anything, of value has been found in pansy; a glucoside, violaquercitrin, of probably no active properties, and a little salicylic acid.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

violan.²

Brit.

/vɪˈəʊlə/, U.S.

/viˈoʊlə/

Etymology: < Italian viola, Spanish viola, = French viole viol n.¹

a. A four-stringed musical instrument slightly larger than a violin; the alto or tenor violin.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viola

tenor violin1654

alto viola1724

tenor1785

viola1786

alto1788

viola pomposa1864

1786 T. Busby Compl. Dict. Music Viola, a tenor violin... The part it takes in concert is between that of the bass and the second violin.

1797 R. Southey Lett. from Spain xv. 265 The King of Spain wished to hear his daughter play on the viola, and an express was..sent to Lisbon for her instrument!

1845 E. Holmes Life Mozart 14 The father..took the bass part on the viola, Wenzl played the first violin, I the second.

1891 G. Meredith One of our Conquerors II. xiii. 300 Colney brought his viola for a duet.

attributive.1856 M. C. Clarke tr. H. Berlioz Treat. Mod. Instrumentation 25 Viola players were always taken from among the refuse of violinists.

b. One who plays the viola.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > string player > [noun] > viola-player

tenorist1865

viola1894

violist1977

1894 Daily News 25 Apr. 5 Herr Ludwig Strauss, for many years viola in the quartet at the Monday Popular Concerts.

c. A variety of organ stop.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > string-tone stops

viol1688

violin1688

viol da gamba1826

gamba1829

viola da (also di) gamba1852

violon1852

aeolina1855

German gamba1860

aeoline1865

viola1876

violoncello1876

1876 J. Hiles Catech. Organ (1878) ix. 65 Viola, an open stop of narrow measure, and a particularly soft and agreeable..tone.

a. viola da (also di) gamba, = viol da gamba n. 1. Also viola da gambist, one who plays this, a viol da gambist.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viol > viola da gamba

viol da gamba1597

gamba1598

degamboya1625

division-viol1656

viola da (also di) gamba1724

society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > string player > [noun] > player of viola da gamba

gambist1789

viol da gambist1824

viola da gambist1977

1724 Short Explic. Foreign Words Musick Bks. Viola Da Gamba, is the same as Viola Basso, or Bass Viol.

1789 Ann. Reg. 1787 Chron. 210/1 The Viola di Gamba is not an instrument in general use; and will perhaps die with him; but his performance rendered it exquisitely charming.

1885 Daily News 17 Aug. 6/1 The early 18th century room contains the spinet, the viola da gamba, and the viola d'amore.

1977 Early Music 5 274 For viola da gambists there will be individual tuition.

b. = viol da gamba n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > string-tone stops

viol1688

violin1688

viol da gamba1826

gamba1829

viola da (also di) gamba1852

violon1852

aeolina1855

German gamba1860

aeoline1865

viola1876

violoncello1876

1852 tr. J. J. Seidel Organ & its Constr. 108 Viola di gamba [Ger. Viola di Gamba], or simply gamba, is one of the finest registers.

1876 J. Hiles Catech. Organ (1878) ix. 66 Viola di Gamba, or Gamba,..is of tin or metal, and the tone is soft, and somewhat cutting.

1889 E. J. Payne in Grove Dict. Music IV. 267 Under the incorrect title of Viola da Gamba it designates an organ stop of 8 ft. pitch, with open pipes, in the choir organ.

3. viola d'amore (or †d'amour): see viol n.¹ 2b.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viol > viola d'amore

viol d'amore or d'amoura1684

viola d'amore (or d'amour)1724

violetta marina1786

1724 Short Explic. Foreign Words Musick Bks. Viola D'Amour, a kind of Treble Viol, strung with Wire, and so called because of its soft and sweet Tone.

1885 [see sense 2a].

1889 Grove's Dict. Music IV. 267.

Compounds

C1. With other distinctive postmodifiers:

viola bastarda n. = lyra viol n. at lyra n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viol > lyra viol

lyra viol1652

lyre-viol1660

viola bastarda1724

1724 Short Explic. Foreign Words Musick Bks. Viola Bastardo, a Bastard Viol, which is a Bass Violin, strung and fretted like a Bass Viol.

1980 Early Music 8 250 (advt.) The viola bastarda style of playing was a highly developed idiom that involved frequent changes of register.

viola da braccio n. [lit. ‘of the arm’] any member of the violin family, as opposed to a viol da gamba; spec. an alto violin, a viola.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > any arm-held viol

viola da braccio1864

1864 Sandys & Forster Hist. Violin viii. 97 Vincentio Galilei, the father of the great astronomer, was an able writer on music, and in 1582 names the viola da braccio, which he says was called the lira not many years previously, the viola da gamba, and the violono, but not the violino.

1976 D. Munrow Instruments Middle Ages & Renaissance 90/1 The name viola da braccio, which first occurs in 1543, was first used as a generic term like the older viola, but gradually came to refer to the members of the new violin family.

viola pomposa n. an 18th-cent. viola with an additional string.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viola

tenor violin1654

alto viola1724

tenor1785

viola1786

alto1788

viola pomposa1864

1864 Sandys & Forster Hist. Violin xii. 164 John Sebastian Bach introduced an instrument he called the viola pomposa, in consequence..of the heavy style of violon~cello performers in his time.

1954 Grove's Dict. Music VIII. 810/1 Sanford Terry has shown that Bach's ‘viola pomposa’ was really the violoncello piccolo.

1976 Gramophone Apr. 1607/2 The viola pomposa a cross between cello and a big Tertis-style viola, with a splendidly rounded sound.

C2. Other compounds.

viola zither n. now rare a type of zither, played with a bow, having a viola-shaped body supporting a fretted fingerboard with three or four strings.

ΚΠ

1875 Times 23 Apr. 15/4 (advt.) Herr Curt Schulz wishes..to invite attention to the charming new instrument (Viola Zither) in which he also gives instruction.

1892 Lichfield Mercury 29 Apr. 8/4 Mrs Hartley gave two solos on the viola zither in an artistic manner.

1976 Lebanon (Pa.) Daily News 10 Dec. 8/7 There were many different types such as the piano zither, harp zither, guitar zither and the viola zither, which was played by means of a bow.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	viola
释义	violan.¹ Brit. /ˈvʌɪələ/, /ˈvɪələ/, /vʌɪˈəʊlə/, U.S. /vaɪˈoʊlə/, /ˈvaɪələ/ Etymology: < Latin viola violet. †1. The violet. Also figurative. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > pea flowers > violet and allied flowers > violet apple leafa1200 violetc1330 violac1430 March violet1568 blue violet1656 sweet-scented violet1731 Canada violet1771 ladies' delight1809 dame's rocket1866 c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1911) 300 Haile, fresshe Rose, planted in Iericho! Swettest viola, that neuer shal fade. a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Lion & Mouse l. 1336 in Poems (1981) 54 The rosis reid,..The prymeros and the purpour viola. 2. a. A large genus of herbaceous plants of the order Violaceæ, including violets and pansies; a plant or species of this genus. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Violaceae > [noun] viola1731 violals1846 violetworts1846 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. [as Latin generic name, and so in many later Dicts.] 1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 345/2 The principle..has been separated by Boullay from some species of Viola. 1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 345/2 The capsule is like Viola. 1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 241/2 The violas are credited with powerful emetic and diuretic properties. 1904 Westm. Gaz. 23 July 4/2 The Alpine viola, in wondrous shades of mauve and violet and purple, stands an inch above the grass. b. A hybrid garden-plant of this genus, distinguished from the pansy by a more delicate and uniform colouring of the flowers. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > pea flowers > violet and allied flowers > allied flowers pansyc1450 heartsease1530 pansy flower1530 three (also two) faces under (or in) a (or one) hood1548 bulbous violet1578 love-in-idleness1578 sweet violet1578 pensea1592 cull-me-to-you1597 dog's tooth violet1597 dog violet1597 kiss-me-ere-I-rise1597 live in idleness1597 wild violet1597 yellow violet1597 love-and-idle1630 love-in-idle1664 trinity1699 fancy1712 wood violet1713 marsh violet1753 tree violet1753 kiss-me-at-the-gate1787 bird's-foot violet1802 Parma violet1812 Johnny-jump-up1827 stepmother1828 Neapolitan violet1830 garden gate1842 butterfly pea1848 kissa1852 pinkany-John1854 viola1871 kiss-me1877 pink-eyed John1877 face and hood1886 roosterhead1894 trout-lily1909 1871 Field II. 250/2 There is still a good early-flowering white Viola wanted. 1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 241/2 ‘Bedding violas,’ which differ from pansies in some slight technical details, have been raised by crossing V. lutea with V. calcarata. 1897 Westm. Gaz. 22 Nov. 1/3 Patches of pale mauve and purple show where colonies of violas and pansies are in bloom. attributive.1871 Field II. 250/2 Another manifest want in the Viola tribe.1896 Daily News 22 June 3/5 Viola Show.—The first show of the National Viola Society was held on Saturday afternoon. 3. attributive. In chemical terms denoting substances derived from the violet or pansy. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > emetic > plant-based stavesacrea1400 vomiting nut1575 Paraguay herb1717 violine1829 violina1836 lobelia1849 gillenin1856 viola1868 1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1001 Violin, or Viola-Emetin, an emetic substance contained, according to Boullay, in all parts of the common violet. 1887 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. V. 490/2 Little, if anything, of value has been found in pansy; a glucoside, violaquercitrin, of probably no active properties, and a little salicylic acid. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021). violan.² Brit. /vɪˈəʊlə/, U.S. /viˈoʊlə/ Etymology: < Italian viola, Spanish viola, = French viole viol n.¹ 1. a. A four-stringed musical instrument slightly larger than a violin; the alto or tenor violin. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viola tenor violin1654 alto viola1724 tenor1785 viola1786 alto1788 viola pomposa1864 1786 T. Busby Compl. Dict. Music Viola, a tenor violin... The part it takes in concert is between that of the bass and the second violin. 1797 R. Southey Lett. from Spain xv. 265 The King of Spain wished to hear his daughter play on the viola, and an express was..sent to Lisbon for her instrument! 1845 E. Holmes Life Mozart 14 The father..took the bass part on the viola, Wenzl played the first violin, I the second. 1891 G. Meredith One of our Conquerors II. xiii. 300 Colney brought his viola for a duet. attributive.1856 M. C. Clarke tr. H. Berlioz Treat. Mod. Instrumentation 25 Viola players were always taken from among the refuse of violinists. b. One who plays the viola. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > string player > [noun] > viola-player tenorist1865 viola1894 violist1977 1894 Daily News 25 Apr. 5 Herr Ludwig Strauss, for many years viola in the quartet at the Monday Popular Concerts. c. A variety of organ stop. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > string-tone stops viol1688 violin1688 viol da gamba1826 gamba1829 viola da (also di) gamba1852 violon1852 aeolina1855 German gamba1860 aeoline1865 viola1876 violoncello1876 1876 J. Hiles Catech. Organ (1878) ix. 65 Viola, an open stop of narrow measure, and a particularly soft and agreeable..tone. 2. a. viola da (also di) gamba, = viol da gamba n. 1. Also viola da gambist, one who plays this, a viol da gambist. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viol > viola da gamba viol da gamba1597 gamba1598 degamboya1625 division-viol1656 viola da (also di) gamba1724 society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > string player > [noun] > player of viola da gamba gambist1789 viol da gambist1824 viola da gambist1977 1724 Short Explic. Foreign Words Musick Bks. Viola Da Gamba, is the same as Viola Basso, or Bass Viol. 1789 Ann. Reg. 1787 Chron. 210/1 The Viola di Gamba is not an instrument in general use; and will perhaps die with him; but his performance rendered it exquisitely charming. 1885 Daily News 17 Aug. 6/1 The early 18th century room contains the spinet, the viola da gamba, and the viola d'amore. 1977 Early Music 5 274 For viola da gambists there will be individual tuition. b. = viol da gamba n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > string-tone stops viol1688 violin1688 viol da gamba1826 gamba1829 viola da (also di) gamba1852 violon1852 aeolina1855 German gamba1860 aeoline1865 viola1876 violoncello1876 1852 tr. J. J. Seidel Organ & its Constr. 108 Viola di gamba [Ger. Viola di Gamba], or simply gamba, is one of the finest registers. 1876 J. Hiles Catech. Organ (1878) ix. 66 Viola di Gamba, or Gamba,..is of tin or metal, and the tone is soft, and somewhat cutting. 1889 E. J. Payne in Grove Dict. Music IV. 267 Under the incorrect title of Viola da Gamba it designates an organ stop of 8 ft. pitch, with open pipes, in the choir organ. 3. viola d'amore (or †d'amour): see viol n.¹ 2b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viol > viola d'amore viol d'amore or d'amoura1684 viola d'amore (or d'amour)1724 violetta marina1786 1724 Short Explic. Foreign Words Musick Bks. Viola D'Amour, a kind of Treble Viol, strung with Wire, and so called because of its soft and sweet Tone. 1885 [see sense 2a]. 1889 Grove's Dict. Music IV. 267. Compounds C1. With other distinctive postmodifiers: viola bastarda n. = lyra viol n. at lyra n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viol > lyra viol lyra viol1652 lyre-viol1660 viola bastarda1724 1724 Short Explic. Foreign Words Musick Bks. Viola Bastardo, a Bastard Viol, which is a Bass Violin, strung and fretted like a Bass Viol. 1980 Early Music 8 250 (advt.) The viola bastarda style of playing was a highly developed idiom that involved frequent changes of register. viola da braccio n. [lit. ‘of the arm’] any member of the violin family, as opposed to a viol da gamba; spec. an alto violin, a viola. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > any arm-held viol viola da braccio1864 1864 Sandys & Forster Hist. Violin viii. 97 Vincentio Galilei, the father of the great astronomer, was an able writer on music, and in 1582 names the viola da braccio, which he says was called the lira not many years previously, the viola da gamba, and the violono, but not the violino. 1976 D. Munrow Instruments Middle Ages & Renaissance 90/1 The name viola da braccio, which first occurs in 1543, was first used as a generic term like the older viola, but gradually came to refer to the members of the new violin family. viola pomposa n. an 18th-cent. viola with an additional string. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > bowable instrument > [noun] > viola tenor violin1654 alto viola1724 tenor1785 viola1786 alto1788 viola pomposa1864 1864 Sandys & Forster Hist. Violin xii. 164 John Sebastian Bach introduced an instrument he called the viola pomposa, in consequence..of the heavy style of violon~cello performers in his time. 1954 Grove's Dict. Music VIII. 810/1 Sanford Terry has shown that Bach's ‘viola pomposa’ was really the violoncello piccolo. 1976 Gramophone Apr. 1607/2 The viola pomposa a cross between cello and a big Tertis-style viola, with a splendidly rounded sound. C2. Other compounds. viola zither n. now rare a type of zither, played with a bow, having a viola-shaped body supporting a fretted fingerboard with three or four strings. ΚΠ 1875 Times 23 Apr. 15/4 (advt.) Herr Curt Schulz wishes..to invite attention to the charming new instrument (Viola Zither) in which he also gives instruction. 1892 Lichfield Mercury 29 Apr. 8/4 Mrs Hartley gave two solos on the viola zither in an artistic manner. 1976 Lebanon (Pa.) Daily News 10 Dec. 8/7 There were many different types such as the piano zither, harp zither, guitar zither and the viola zither, which was played by means of a bow. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹c1430n.²1724
随便看	of the halfblood of the highest repute of the hour of the largest volume of the latest of the lay fee of the mending hand of the moment of the morning of the mother's side of the name of of the nature of of the new of the new jet of the new rock of the night of the nonce olivary complex olivary eminence olivary nucleus olivary process olivaster olive olive acanthus olive baboon

violan.1

violan.2

Compounds

violan.¹

violan.²