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单词 with-
释义

with-prefix

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.
1. representing Old English wiþ- (see with prep.) used as a prefix to verbs (and derived nouns) with the meanings: (1) away, back, as in Old English wiþbláwan to blow away, wiþfaran to escape, wiþgán to disappear, wiþtéon to withdraw; so withdraw v., withhold v.; a few modern words come under this heading, which are formed by substituting with- for re-, as withcall; (2) away from one, as in several Old English verbs meaning ‘reject’, ‘refuse’, wiþcéosan, wiþcweþan, wiþhogian, wiþlecgan, wiþsacan withsake v., wiþweorpan; (3) against, in opposition, as in Old English wiþfeohtend adversary, wiþhabban to resist, wiþlicgan to oppose, wiþsprecan to contradict, wiþstandan withstand v.; (4) together, in withjoin.
[spar v.1] , to bar (the way); [stead v.] , beset.The following is a list of the less important verbal formations (transitive verbs except where otherwise marked); mostly obsolete (see quots.).
† withbere v. [bear v.1] Obsolete to carry away; see also 2.
ΘΠ
the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] > convey or transport > off or away
atbearOE
reavec1175
heavea1240
ravishc1330
reachc1330
outbeara1400
trussa1400
remove1459
withberec1500
rapt1571
rear1596
rap1599
to carry off1684
c1500 Melusine (1895) 196 Other thing ye shal not haue ne with~bere fro me.
† withboȝt adj. [buy v.] Obsolete redeemed.
Π
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 186 Alle we byeþ wiþboȝt of one zelue pris.
† withbrast v. Obsolete past tense [burst v.] intransitive burst asunder.
ΘΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > [adjective] > bursting, shattering, or breaking into pieces > burst
brussena1413
burstenc1440
withbrast1448
bursted1527
dirupt1531
ruptured1596
disrupt1736
disrupted1819
burst1824
disruptured1838
1448–9 J. Metham Amoryus & Cleopes 1520 The dragon..with brast in þe myddys.
† withbreide v. [Old English wiþbregdan , braid v.1] Obsolete to withdraw.
ΘΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away
ateec885
withbreidec890
animOE
overbearOE
to do awayOE
flitc1175
reavec1175
takec1175
to have away?a1300
to draw awayc1300
weve13..
to wend awaya1325
withdrawa1325
remuec1325
to carry away1363
to take away1372
waive1377
to long awaya1382
oftakec1390
to draw offa1398
to do froa1400
forflitc1420
amove?a1425
to carry out?a1425
surtrayc1440
surtretec1440
twistc1440
abstract1449
ostea1450
remove1459
ablatea1475
araisea1475
redd1479
dismove1480
diminish?1504
convey1530
alienate1534
retire1536
dimove1540
reversec1540
subtractc1540
submove1542
sublate1548
pare1549
to pull in1549
exempt1553
to shift off1567
retract?1570
renversec1586
aufer1587
to lay offa1593
rear1596
retrench1596
unhearse1596
exemea1600
remote1600
to set off1600
subduct1614
rob1627
extraneize1653
to bring off1656
to pull back1656
draft1742
extract1804
reef1901
c890 Wærferth tr. Gregory's Dial. (1900) 203 Þara oðre se cniht wiðbræd..& þa oðre brohte to ðam Godes men.
c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 88 Ðæt hi heora handa fram ðam blodes gyte ne wiðbrudon.
c1230 Hali Meid. (1922) 11 In wunne stude þu hauest her ofte helle; & bute þu wið-breide þe, bredes te þat oðer.
† withbuwe v. [bow v.1] Obsolete to avoid.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > abstain or refrain from (action) [verb (transitive)] > avoid or shun
overboweOE
bibughOE
fleea1000
forbowa1000
ashun1000
befleec1000
beflyc1175
bischunc1200
withbuwe?c1225
waive1303
eschew1340
refuse1357
astartc1374
sparec1380
shuna1382
void1390
declinea1400
forbeara1400
shurna1400
avoidc1450
umbeschewc1485
shewe1502
evite1503
devoid1509
shrink1513
schew?a1534
devite1549
fly1552
abstract1560
evitate1588
estrange1613
cut1791
shy1802
skulk1835
side-slip1930
to walk away from1936
punt1969
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 92 For to wið buwe sunne.
c1230 Hali Meid. (1922) 52 Hwase þencheð on al þis,..& nule wiðbuhe þet þing þet hit al of awakeneð.
withcall v.
Brit. /wɪðˈkɔːl/
,
/wɪθˈkɔːl/
,
U.S. /wɪðˈkɔl/
,
/wɪðˈkɑl/
,
/wɪθˈkɔl/
,
/wɪθˈkɑl/
to recall.
ΘΠ
the mind > mental capacity > memory > call to mind, recollect [verb (transitive)]
i-thenchec897
bethinkOE
mingOE
thinkOE
monelOE
umbethinkc1175
to draw (also take) into (or to) memorya1275
minc1330
record1340
revert1340
remembera1382
mindc1384
monishc1384
to bring to mindc1390
remenec1390
me meanetha1400
reducec1425
to call to mind1427
gaincall1434
pense1493
remord?1507
revocate1527
revive1531
cite1549
to call back1572
recall1579
to call to mind (also memory, remembrance)1583
to call to remembrance1583
revoke1586
reverse1590
submonish1591
recover1602
recordate1603
to call up1606
to fetch up1608
reconjure1611
collect1612
remind1615
recollect1631
rememorize1632
retrieve1644
think1671
reconnoitre1729
member1823
reminisce1829
rememorate1835
recomember1852
evoke1856
updraw1879
withcall1901
access1978
society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > summon > back
again-callc1390
revokec1425
rescrya1450
countermand1464
renvoy1477
reappeal1480
repeala1500
remand1525
recall1567
reclaim1590
return1590
speed1606
to call back1611
hark back1813
withcall1901
1901 J. Prior Forest Folk x. 105 Do yo withcall them saving tears shed years and years agoo, Sister Morris?
1904 ‘H. S. Merriman’ Flotsam xiv. 159 The troops were withcalled.
† withclepe v. Obsolete to recall, revoke, repeal.
ΘΠ
the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > annul, cancel, revoke [verb (transitive)]
fordoOE
allayOE
withdrawc1290
withclepe13..
again-callc1390
to call againc1390
repealc1390
revokec1400
unmakec1400
rive1415
annulc1425
abroge1427
uncommandc1430
discharge?a1439
retreatc1443
retract1501
cancela1513
abrogate?1520
dissolve1526
extinct1531
rescind1531
abrenounce1537
infringe1543
recall1565
unwrite1577
extinguish1590
exauctorate1593
relinquish1594
unact1594
to strike off1597
undecide1601
unpass1606
to take off1609
to draw back1610
reclaim1615
to put back1616
abrenunciate1618
unrip1622
supersedeate1641
to set off1642
unassure1643
unorder1648
to ask away1649
disdetermine1651
unbespeak1661
undecree1667
reassumea1675
off-break1702
circumduct1726
raise1837
resiliate1838
denounce1841
disorder1852
pull1937
13.. K. Alis. 1301 Y withclepe and withstonde Theo truage of Grece londe.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 189 Uor alle time y-confermed ne neure in none time wyþcleped.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 215 Þer me ssel wyþ-clepie his herte to him.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 267 He..wiþ ~cleped al þat was i-doo by his predecessour.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 530/2 Wythe clepyn', or reuokyn.
1612 F. Holyoake Riders Dict. (ed. 3) To Withclepe, revoco.
† withdrive v. Obsolete to drive away, repel.
ΘΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > drive away
feezec890
adriveeOE
aflemeeOE
off-driveeOE
flemeOE
withdrivec1000
adreveOE
to drive outOE
biwevea1300
chasec1300
void13..
catcha1325
firk1340
enchasec1380
huntc1385
to catch awayc1390
forcatch1393
to put offa1398
to cast awaya1400
to put outc1400
repel?a1439
exterminate1541
chasten1548
propulse1548
keir1562
hie1563
depulse1570
band1580
bandy1591
flit1595
ferret1601
profugate1603
extermine1634
c1000 Ags. Ps. (1835) xciii[i]. 13 [14] Næfre wiðdrifeð Drihten ure his agen folc.
1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon ii. ii. sig. Aij/2 The same [Sorell] water withdryueth impetigines.
† withhuhe v. [Old English wiþhogian] Obsolete to despise.
ΘΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > hold in contempt [verb (transitive)]
forhowc900
overhowOE
withhuheOE
forhecchec1230
scorna1275
despise1297
spise13..
to set at a pease, at a pie's heel, at a pin's fee1303
to hold, have scorn at, ofc1320
to think scorn ofc1320
to set short by1377
to tell short of1377
to set naught or nought (nothing, not anything) by1390
spitea1400
contemnc1425
nought1440
overlooka1450
mainprizec1450
lightly1451
vilipendc1470
indeign1483
misprize1483
dain?1518
to look down on (also upon)1539
floccipend1548
contempta1555
to take scorn ata1566
embase1577
sdeign1590
disesteem1594
vilify1599
to set lightly, coldly1604
disrepute1611
to hold cheapa1616
avile1616
floccify1623
meprize1633
to think (also believe, etc.) meanly of1642
publican1648
naucify1653
disesteem1659
invalue1673
to set light, at light1718
sneeze1806
sniff1837
derry1896
to hold no brief for1918
OE Genesis 2865 Nalles nergendes hæse wiðhogode.
c1230 Hali Meid. (1922) 53 Nule wiðhuhe þat þing þat hit al of awakeneð.
† withjoin v. Obsolete to join together, conjoin (intransitive and transitive).
ΘΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > be or become joined together [verb (intransitive)]
loukOE
joinc1330
accede?a1475
withjoina1500
knit1548
close1551
conjoin1578
cojoina1616
copulate1645
convene1666
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)]
gatherc725
fayOE
samc1000
join1297
conjoinc1374
enjoinc1384
assemble1393
compound1393
sociea1398
annex?c1400
ferec1400
marrowc1400
combinec1440
annectc1450
piece?c1475
combind1477
conjunge1547
associate1578
knit1578
sinew1592
splinter1597
patch1604
accouple1605
interjoina1616
withjoina1627
league1645
contignate1651
to bring on1691
splice1803
pan1884
suture1886
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xviii. 282 Holde we vs to-geder cloos and make semblaunte as we wolde with Ioyne.
a1627 J. Hayward Life & Raigne Edward Sixt (1630) 10 It had bin agreed..they should withjoyne forces.
† withleft adj. Obsolete left behind.
ΘΠ
the world > space > place > presence > [adjective] > not removed or done away
withlefta1400
unremoved1455
untaken1483
unextracted1630
undone1679
undisplaced1827
undislodgeda1847
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 4403 Hys mantel ys wiþ left [Vesp. bi-left] wiþ me.
† withlosen adj. [leese v.1] Obsolete lost.
ΘΠ
the mind > possession > loss > [adjective] > lost
tinta1340
forlostc1374
withlosena1400
unrecovered1433
lost1526
forlorn1577
imbecilea1677
missed1763
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 14109 Þe better lott has mari chosen, þat hir mai nagat be wit losin [Gött. widlosin].
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10855 Ne sal þe nawight be wit-losen þe maidenhed þat þou hast chosen.
† withnay v. [nay v.; compare renay v.] Obsolete to deny, refuse.
ΘΠ
the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)]
warnc897
willeOE
forbidc1000
warnc1000
willOE
asake1250
withsay1297
gainsayc1330
recusea1387
naitc1390
to say naya1393
again-say?a1400
denyc1400
withnayc1400
biwern1413
refuse?1435
resist1539
detrect1542
renege1545
detract1572
waive1642
declinea1691
nay-say1762
nay-saya1774
nix1903
off1908
ixnay1937
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 915 As þou art gloryous with-outen galle, With-nay þou neuer my ruful bone.
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. iii. 1151 If thai withnay Her fruit.
c1450 Brut ii. 480 Then she withneyed and withseyd all the poyntez þat were put.
† withnim v. [= Latin reprehendere ; see nim v.] Obsolete to reprove, rebuke.
ΘΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebuke or reprove [verb (transitive)]
threac897
threapc897
begripea1000
threata1000
castea1200
chaste?c1225
takec1275
blame1297
chastya1300
sniba1300
withnima1315
undernima1325
rebukec1330
snuba1340
withtakea1340
reprovec1350
chastisea1375
arate1377
challenge1377
undertake1377
reprehenda1382
repreync1390
runta1398
snapea1400
underfoc1400
to call to account1434
to put downc1440
snebc1440
uptakec1440
correptc1449
reformc1450
reprise?c1450
to tell (a person) his (also her, etc.) own1450
control1451
redarguec1475
berisp1481
to hit (cross) one over (of, on) the thumbs1522
checkc1530
admonish1541
nip1548
twig?1550
impreve1552
lesson1555
to take down1562
to haul (a person) over the coals1565
increpate1570
touch1570
school1573
to gather up1577
task1580
redarguate?1590
expostulate1592
tutor1599
sauce1601
snip1601
sneap1611
to take in tax1635
to sharp up1647
round1653
threapen1671
reprimand1681
to take to task1682
document1690
chapter1693
repulse1746
twink1747
to speak to ——1753
haul1795
to pull up1799
carpet1840
rig1841
to talk to1860
to take (a person) to the woodshed1882
rawhide1895
to tell off1897
to tell (someone) where he or she gets off1900
to get on ——1904
to put (a person) in (also into) his, her place1908
strafe1915
tick1915
woodshed1935
to slap (a person) down1938
sort1941
bind1942
bottle1946
mat1948
ream1950
zap1961
elder1967
a1315 Shoreham Poems vii. 308 By ryȝtte he myȝtte be wyþ-nome Ryȝt ase a qued.
13.. S.E. Leg. (Bodl. 779) in Herrig Archiv LXXXII. 374/297 Ic am a-knowe þat ic whyl-er þe wit-nom amys.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 17 Þe more þet me him wy[þ]nimþ and blameþ..þe more he him wreþeþ.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 66 Efter þan comeþ þe wyþnymynges,..huanne me atwyt ane man oþer his zennes.
c1340 Nominale (Skeat) 290 Woman thretith and withnemyth.
† withpass v. Obsolete to escape the lips of.
ΘΠ
the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)] > said or uttered > issue from
fallOE
withpassa1340
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxxviii. 2 Þat nane reprouabil word withpassid me.
† withquethe v. Obsolete to deny, contradict, refuse.
ΘΠ
the mind > language > statement > denial or contradiction > deny or contradict [verb (transitive)]
withquethec888
withsake971
falsea1225
withsay?c1225
denyc1300
again-saya1382
naitc1390
nitec1390
naya1400
nicka1400
warna1400
denytec1420
traversea1450
repugnc1456
unsayc1460
renay1512
disavow?1532
disaffirm1548
contradict1582
fault1585
belie1587
infringe1590
dementie1594
abnegate1616
negate1623
nege1624
abrenounce1656
nay-saya1774
negative1784
dement1884
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. x. §1 Ne mæg ic na wiðcweðan ne andsa~cigan þæt þe þu me ær sædest.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 137 He wið-quað and sede Non sum ego christus.
† withscape v. Obsolete to escape.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > escape > escape from [verb (transitive)]
atwendOE
atwindc1000
overfleeOE
to come out of ——lOE
atstertc1220
atbreak?c1225
aschapea1300
scapea1300
aslipc1325
escape1340
atscapea1350
astartc1374
to wade out ofc1386
starta1400
withscapea1400
withslipa1400
atwapec1400
to get out of ——a1470
evite1503
outstart1513
to get from ——1530
rid1615
skip1630
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 20726 Wit schap scho vs we sal ha blam.
a1400 Sir Degrev. (Linc. MS.) 1180 (Luick) Withscapid nane hym fra.
† withschadowid adj. Obsolete darkened.
ΘΠ
the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > darkness or gloom > [adjective] > dim, dark, or obscure > darkened or obscured
cestreda1300
withschadowid1398
yshadewedc1400
obscuredc1485
obfuscatec1487
obscuratea1550
obnubilate1575
shadowed1600
overclouded1603
obfuscated1789
obnubilated1939
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum viii. xl. (Tollem. MS.) [Light] putteþ nouȝt it selfe deep into a body þat is with~schadowid [L. umbrosi].
† withschild n. [shield v.] Obsolete in God withschild, God forbid.
Π
a1300 Cursor Mundi 2893 Godd wit schild ȝe do þat sin.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5011 Godd it wit schild.
† withscore v. Obsolete to cut away, detach.
ΘΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or detachment > detach [verb (transitive)] > cut off
becarveOE
carvec1000
hewc1000
shredc1275
cuta1300
chapc1325
cleavec1330
off-shearc1330
withscore1340
to cut offc1380
colea1400
slivea1400
to score awayc1400
abscisea1500
discidea1513
sharea1529
off-trenchc1530
off-hewc1540
pare1549
detrench1553
slice?1560
detrunk1566
sneck1578
resect1579
shred1580
curtail1594
off-chop1594
lop?1602
disbranch1608
abscind1610
snip1611
circumcise1613
desecate1623
discerpa1628
amputate1638
absciss1639
prescind1640
notch1820
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 254 Wyþscore [MS. Bodl. 283 fol. 178 kit a weye] and wyþdraȝ þine willes and zete ane brydel to þine couaytises.
† withshonte v. [shunt v.] Obsolete intransitive to shrink back.
ΘΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)] > shrink or flinch
fikec1220
wincha1250
withshontec1450
shrink1513
squitch1570
blanch1572
shruga1577
to shrink in the neck1581
wink1605
budgea1616
shy1650
shudder1668
flincha1677
wincea1748
c1450 Pistel of Swete Susan (Calig.) 231 Sche withe~shonte for no shame.
† withslip v. Obsolete to escape.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > escape > escape from [verb (transitive)]
atwendOE
atwindc1000
overfleeOE
to come out of ——lOE
atstertc1220
atbreak?c1225
aschapea1300
scapea1300
aslipc1325
escape1340
atscapea1350
astartc1374
to wade out ofc1386
starta1400
withscapea1400
withslipa1400
atwapec1400
to get out of ——a1470
evite1503
outstart1513
to get from ——1530
rid1615
skip1630
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12900 Moght it nangat þe witslip, þat he-self said o þi wirscip.
† withsoȝt adj. [seek v.] Obsolete pursued, persecuted.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [adjective] > persecuting > suffering
withsoȝta1400
persecuted1534
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 16196 Herode..asked him..quy þai him squa wiþ soȝt [Vesp. bi-soght].
† withsperre v. Obsolete
ΘΠ
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close by obstruction or block up > block the way or a passage
forsetc900
withseta1300
stop13..
speara1325
withsperre1330
to stop one's way1338
shut1362
forbara1375
beseta1400
stopc1400
precludea1513
interclude1526
to shut up1526
forestall1528
fence1535
hedge1535
quar1542
foreclose1548
forestop1566
to flounder up1576
obstruct1578
bar1590
retrench1590
to shut the door in (also upon) (a person's) face1596
barricade1606
barricado1611
thwartc1630
blocka1644
overthwart1654
rebarricado1655
to choke up1673
blockade1696
embarrass1735
snow1816
roadblock1950
1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 15660 Toward þe southe he wolde haue fled, But Edwyn his weye wyþ-sperd.
withstad adj.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > [adjective] > having difficulty > beset with difficulties
poseletc1390
withstad14..
ystadea1440
mireda1522
hard-set1572
hard-pressed1707
necessitous1711
hard pushed1785
hard-run1834
14.. Tundale's Vis. 1628 (MS. A.) In grett povertte was he wiþstadde.
† withsted adj. Obsolete
ΘΠ
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > [adjective] > closed or shut > closed or blocked up
withsted1330
foreclosed1594
walled-up1826
sealed-off1926
1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 13503 Þat weye þey haue vs wyþ-sted Þat y scholde ȝow haue inne y-led.
† withstarte v. [start v. 5b] Obsolete intransitive to escape.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [verb (intransitive)]
atfareOE
atcomec1220
atstertc1220
atrouta1250
ascape1250
astart1250
atblenchc1275
scapec1275
aschapec1300
fleec1300
ofscapea1325
escapec1330
overfleea1382
to get awaya1400
slipa1400
starta1400
skiftc1440
eschewc1450
withstartec1460
rida1470
chape1489
to flee (one's) touch?1515
evadea1522
betwynde?1534
to make out1558
outscape1562
outslip1600
to come off1630
c1460 Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1903) 204 I knowe wele I may nat with-starte, I have so doone, I ought to dreede.
withstay v.
Brit. /wɪðˈsteɪ/
,
/wɪθˈsteɪ/
,
U.S. /wɪðˈsteɪ/
,
/wɪθˈsteɪ/
[stay v.1 III.] to hold back, oppose, withstand.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] > resist
withstandc888
withsake971
forstanda1000
to stand again ——OE
withsetc1000
again-standOE
to stand againOE
warnc1175
wiþerhaldec1175
atstandc1220
astand1250
withsitc1300
sitc1325
asitc1330
(it) may well withc1395
reversea1400
resist1417
ofstandc1425
onstandc1425
gainstand?c1450
endure1470
obsista1475
repugna1513
recountera1525
occur1531
desist1548
impugn1577
obstrigillate1623
counter-stand1648
stem1675
repique1687
to make face to1807
to fight off1833
to stick up1838
bay1848
withstay1854
buck1857
1854 S. T. Dobell Balder iii. 10 Death, careful of my learning, hath withstayed His final presence.
1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche iii. v. 29 It filled the passage of the rising glade, And there withstayed the sun in dazzling sheen.
1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche v. xix. 60 There was no repentance coud atone For her dishonour, nor her fate withstay.
† withstew v. [stew v.1] Obsolete to check.
ΘΠ
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restrain [verb (transitive)]
pindeOE
steerc950
hold971
forbidc1000
withstewc1175
withholdc1200
stewa1225
crempa1250
bistintc1300
i-stillc1315
withdraw1340
entemperc1380
rebukec1380
forfenda1382
refraina1382
refrainc1390
restraina1393
restayc1400
retainc1415
to hold abackc1440
overholda1450
reclaim?c1450
revokec1450
bedwynge1480
sniba1500
repressa1525
rein1531
inhibit1535
to keep back1535
cohibit1544
reprimec1550
lithe1552
to rein up1574
check1581
embridle1583
to rein in1593
retrench1594
refrenate1599
to hold back1600
snip1601
becheck1605
sneap1611
trasha1616
supersede1645
reprimand1689
snape1691
to clap a guy on1814
to pull up1861
to pull in1893
withstrain1904
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 15 Heore uuel þe heo doð þu aȝest to hetiene and wið-stewen.
withstrain v.
Brit. /wɪðˈstreɪn/
,
/wɪθˈstreɪn/
,
U.S. /wɪðˈstreɪn/
,
/wɪθˈstreɪn/
†(a) to constrict; (b) to restrain.
ΘΠ
the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)] > compress or constrict
thrumc1275
constrainc1374
nip1381
rinea1398
compress1398
withstrainc1400
coarctc1420
pincha1425
strain1426
nipe1440
thrumble1513
comprime?1541
astrict1548
sneap1598
cling1601
wring1603
constringe1609
coarctate1620
compinge1621
choke1635
compel1657
cramp1673
hunch1738
constrict1759
tighten1853
scrunch1861
throttle1863
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restrain [verb (transitive)]
pindeOE
steerc950
hold971
forbidc1000
withstewc1175
withholdc1200
stewa1225
crempa1250
bistintc1300
i-stillc1315
withdraw1340
entemperc1380
rebukec1380
forfenda1382
refraina1382
refrainc1390
restraina1393
restayc1400
retainc1415
to hold abackc1440
overholda1450
reclaim?c1450
revokec1450
bedwynge1480
sniba1500
repressa1525
rein1531
inhibit1535
to keep back1535
cohibit1544
reprimec1550
lithe1552
to rein up1574
check1581
embridle1583
to rein in1593
retrench1594
refrenate1599
to hold back1600
snip1601
becheck1605
sneap1611
trasha1616
supersede1645
reprimand1689
snape1691
to clap a guy on1814
to pull up1861
to pull in1893
withstrain1904
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 65 Þat poudre wiþstreyneþ [L. constringit] þe blood.
1904 Ryle Holy Script. & Crit. 122 With difficulty is the multitude withstrained from doing sacrifice.
† withtee v. [tee v.1] Obsolete to withdraw; reflexive and intransitive to abstain.
Π
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxxvi. 254 Balaham..wolde feran ðær hiene mon bæd, ac his estfulnesse wiðteah se esol þe he onuppan sæt.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 143 Þa þe heom wið-teoð of flesliche lustes.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 63 Þe lichames festing is wiðtiȝing of estmetes.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 79 Þat he us wissie to wið-tien of alle flesliche lustes.
† withtelle v. Obsolete to gainsay.
ΘΠ
the mind > language > statement > speaking against or contradiction > speak against or contradict [verb (transitive)]
withsake971
withsayc1175
forbidc1275
withtellec1275
counterplead1377
again-saya1382
withsaya1382
contrary1382
countersay1393
withstand1513
transverse1532
cross1589
contradict1596
controvert1596
respire1629
scruple1639
contravene1722
oppugn1781
countervene1825
to stand down1869
c1275 Laȝamon Brut 13242 Nas þar neuere man so bold þat þis wolde wiþ-telle.
† withturn v. Obsolete to avert.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > hinder completely or prevent [verb (transitive)] > obviate > prevent the occurrence of or avert
werec925
withsitc1300
shun1338
to turn awaya1382
forfend1382
declinec1430
stopa1538
divert1548
refract1563
withturn1563
antevert1583
avert1586
pervert1594
deprive1627
averruncate1663
stave1664
to stop off1891
1563 W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) Hastings lxxxvii God of Justyce had withturnd that fate.
2. In the earlier version of the Wycliffite Bible it is used in nonce-formations modelled upon Latin compounds of con-, co-: see quots. withheeȝing [hie v.1, to hasten] is an erroneous rendering of Latin cum festinatione with haste. withhilden covered over [hill v.1] represents a Latin compound of ob-.
Π
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. lxii. 9 Thei..that with bern [L. comportant] it, shul drinken in myn hoeli porches.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xii. 19 Many thingus grucchendeli whistrende shal with chaunge [L. commutabit] his chere.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. i. 24 Kunnyng and vnderstonding of prudence wisdam shal with departen [L. compartietur].
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. li. 15 I shal preisen thi name bysyly, and I shal withpreisen [L. collaudabo] it in confessioun.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Ps. xxxi[i]. 4 I am turned in my myseise, whil with ficchid [L. configitur] is the thorn.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xxiv. 59 The withfolweris [L. comites] of hyr.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Ps. lxxvii[i]. 33 The ȝeeris of hem [failiden] in withheeȝing.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Pref. Ep. vii. 70 Micheas of Moraschym, the witheire [L. coheres] of Crist.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. vii. 24 The watris of the flood..with hilden [L. obtinuerunt] the erthe.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xxi. 6 Who so euer shal here shal with lawe to me [L. corridebit mihi].
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xxii. 3 Abraham on the nyȝt with rysynge [L. consurgens], diȝte his asse.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1928; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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