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单词 xylo-
释义

xylo-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.
before a vowel xyl-, representing Greek ξυλο-, ξυλ-, combining form of ξύλον wood: the first element of various scientific and technical words, the more important of which see in their alphabetical places.
xylochlore n.
Brit. /ˈzʌɪlə(ʊ)klɔː/
,
U.S. /ˈzaɪləˌklɔr/
[ < German xylochlor (von Waltershausen, 1853), < Greek χλωρός green] Mineralogy an altered form of apophyllite, found in olive-green crystals in a fossil tree-stem in a volcanic rock in Iceland.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > feldspathoid > zeolite > apophyllite
fish-eye-stone1805
ichthyophthalmite1805
apophyllite1810
albin1818
tessellite1819
oxhaverite1827
xylochlore1868
1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1060 Xylochlore...Kenngott..has shown that it is an altered form of apophyllite.
xylochloric adj.
Brit. /ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈklɔːrɪk/
,
/ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈklɒrɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌzaɪloʊˈklɔrɪk/
(also xyloˈchloeric) [ < French xylochlorique, -chloérique, < Greek χλοερός = χλωρός green] Chemistry in xylochlo(e)ric acid: see quots.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > green colouring matter > [noun] > of natural bodies
chlorophyll1819
chlorophyllite1838
xylochlo(e)ric acid1862
phytochlore1866
phycochrome1867
marennin1885
phytochrome1893
the world > life > biology > substance > pigment > [noun] > plant pigments > green > others
xylochlo(e)ric acid1862
1862 H. Watts tr. L. Gmelin Hand-bk. Chem. XV. 534 Xylochloric acid. C30H26O34?.. A green colouring matter, which sometimes forms on decayed pieces of wood.
1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1060 Xylochloeric acid, a term applied by Fordos..to the green colouring-matter of decayed wood, which may be extracted by chloroform.
xylochrome n.
Brit. /ˈzʌɪlə(ʊ)krəʊm/
,
U.S. /ˈzaɪləˌkroʊm/
[Greek χρῶμα colour] Chemistry a colouring matter produced by chemical alteration of decayed wood.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > dye > types of dyes
pallOE
sanders1329
raddlea1350
nutgallc1450
bark1565
logwood1581
sanders-wood1615
catechu1682
cate1698
cachou1708
valonia1722
India wood1742
cutch1759
alizari1769
standard1808
iron buff1836
colorine1838
acid dye1840
garancin1843
French tub1846
suranji1848
morindin1849
water blue1851
union dye1852
indigo-carmine1855
hernant1858
pigment colour1862
rosaniline1862
rose aniline1862
bezetta1863
bottom1863
acid colour1873
paraphenylenediamine1873
indigo-extract1874
tin-pulp1874
phthalein1875
sightening1875
chrome1876
rose bengal1878
azo-colours1879
azine1887
basic dye1892
chromotrope1893
garance1896
ice colour1896
xylochrome1898
cross-dye1901
indanthrene1901
Lithol1903
vat dye1903
thioindigo1906
para red1907
vat colour1912
vat dyestuff1914
indanthrone1920
ionamine1922
Soledon1924
Solochrome1924
Solacet1938
indigoid1939
thioindigoid1943
fluorol1956
Procion1956
1898 H. C. Porter tr. E. Strasburger et al. Text-bk. Bot. 124 The tannins impart to the dead wood a distinct colour, often very characteristic, especially when it has been transformed into wood dyes, or so-called xylochrome.
xylocopid adj.
Brit. /zʌɪˈlɒkəpɪd/
,
U.S. /zaɪˈlɑkəˌpɪd/
[modern Latin Xylocopa ; Greek -κοπος cutting, -id suffix3] Entomology belonging or related to the genus Xylocopa, comprising the carpenter-bees.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [adjective] > belonging to division Petiolata > belonging to division Anthophila > of or belonging to bees > belonging to genus Xylocopa
xylocopid1904
1904 Athenæum 24 Dec. 881/1 A photograph..showing the Xylocopid model and its Asilid mimic.
xylocryptite n.
Brit. /ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈkrɪptʌɪt/
,
U.S. /ˌzaɪloʊˈkrɪpˌtaɪt/
[Greek κρυπτός hidden: see -ite suffix1] Mineralogy see quots.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos > others
rock cork1762
rock flesh1762
rock leather1762
rock wood1762
asbestinite1794
asbestoid1794
xylocryptite1820
byssolite1847
xylite1850
xylotile1864
xylolite1868
wood-rock1889
amosite1918
1820 Q. Jrnl. Sci. & Arts Jan. 352 It may be named provisionally Xylocryptite, expressive of its being hidden in fossil wood.
1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1060 Xylocryptite, a mineral apparently related to Scheererite, occurring in yellow waxy crystalline particles on lignite. (Becquerel.)
xylolite n.
Brit. /ˈzʌɪlə(ʊ)lʌɪt/
,
U.S. /ˈzaɪləˌlaɪt/
[-lite comb. form1] Mineralogy (see quot. 1868).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos > others
rock cork1762
rock flesh1762
rock leather1762
rock wood1762
asbestinite1794
asbestoid1794
xylocryptite1820
byssolite1847
xylite1850
xylotile1864
xylolite1868
wood-rock1889
amosite1918
1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1061 Xylolite. Syn. with mountain-wood, or ligniform asbestos.
xylolith n.
Brit. /ˈzʌɪlə(ʊ)lɪθ/
,
U.S. /ˈzaɪləˌlɪθ/
[ < Greek λίθος stone] a composition made with sawdust.
Π
1908 W. R. Fisher Schlich's Man. Forestry V. 616 With cement, soluble glass and gypsum, it [sc. sawdust] is converted into xylolith or papyrolith.
xylometer n.
Brit. /zʌɪˈlɒmᵻtə/
,
U.S. /zaɪˈlɑmədər/
an instrument for measuring the volume of wood by the amount of water which it displaces.
Π
1911 W. R. Fisher Schlich's Man. Forestry III. 26 The instrument used is called a xylometer.
xylometric adj.
Brit. /ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈmɛtrɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌzaɪloʊˈmɛtrɪk/
Π
1911 W. R. Fisher Schlich's Man. Forestry III. 48 The xylometric method has been explained.
xylometrically adv.
Brit. /ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈmɛtrᵻkli/
,
U.S. /ˌzaɪloʊˈmɛtrək(ə)li/
Π
1911 W. R. Fisher Schlich's Man. Forestry III. 33 In many cases it is desirable to ascertain the volume of the bark... This can be done stereometrically or xylometrically.
xylophilan adj. and n.
Brit. /zʌɪˈlɒfᵻlən/
,
U.S. /zaɪˈlɑfələn/
[Greek ϕίλος loving: compare -phile comb. form] Entomology (a) adj. belonging to the group Xylophili of beetles, which live in decayed wood; (b) n. a beetle of this group.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Heteromera > member of family Xylophilidae
xylophilan1842
1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 1337/1 Xylophilans, Xylophili, the name of a tribe of beetles, consisting of those which live on decayed wood.
xylophilous adj.
Brit. /zʌɪˈlɒfᵻləs/
,
U.S. /zaɪˈlɑfələs/
living or growing in or on wood, as an insect or a fungus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in relation to habitat > [adjective]
fieldya1382
waterya1382
agrestial1608
subterranean1638
lucifugous1654
nemoral1656
subcutaneous1664
subterraneous1832
subtidal1852
xylophilous1862
xerophilous1863
acid-loving1870
aerobic1878
aerobian1879
aerobious1879
aerobiotic1880
subaquatic1880
aerophilous1885
facultative1887
pelagic1887
aerophile1888
autotrophic1893
heterotrophic1893
plastic1893
thermophilic1894
thermophil1896
mesophilic1897
halolimnic1898
polybathic1898
tolerant1898
limnetic1899
thermophilous1899
metatrophic1900
mixotrophic1900
paratrophic1900
mesophilous1901
benthic1902
epibenthic1902
eurybathic1902
microaerophilic1903
sympatric1904
benthoal1905
cryophile1907
benthonic1909
microaerophile1909
lenitic1916
lotic1916
psychrotolerant1924
oligosaprobic1925
polysaprobic1925
aerophilic1929
saprobic1932
primary1934
lentic1935
chemoautotrophic1936
eurytopic1937
psammic1938
saprotrophic1942
prototrophic1946
chemolithoautotrophic1949
auxotrophic1950
chemolithotrophic1953
chemoorganotrophic1953
opportunist1956
psychrophile1956
psychrophilic1958
opportunistic1960
psychrotrophic1960
oligosaprobe1990
1862 R. G. Mayne Med. Vocab. (ed. 2) Xylophilus..growing upon, or living in decayed wood; xylophilous.
xylopolist n.
Brit. /zʌɪˈlɒpəlɪst/
,
U.S. /zaɪˈlɑpələst/
[Greek ξυλοπώλης] rare a timber-merchant.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
ΚΠ
1656 T. Blount Glossographia Xylopolist..a Woodmonger.
xylopyrography n.
Brit. /ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)pʌɪˈrɒɡrəfi/
,
U.S. /ˌzaɪloʊˌpaɪˈrɑɡrəfi/
[Greek πῦρ fire, -graphy comb. form] = pokerwork n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pokerwork > [noun]
pokerwork1813
poker1827
xylopyrography1850
pyrogravure1888
pyrography1891
1850 J. Ogilvie Imperial Dict. Xylopyrography.
1901 Daily Chron. 27 May 6/1 [Baron Auer's] father was..an inventor in typography and xylopyrography.
xyloretin n.
Brit. /ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈriːtɪn/
,
U.S. /ˌzaɪloʊˈritn/
,
/ˌzaɪləˈritn/
[German xyloretin (Forchhammer, 1840), Greek ῥητίνη resin] Chemistry a white crystalline resin obtained from fossil pinewood.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > processed resinous materials > [noun] > derived from fossil pine-wood
xyloretin1852
xyloretinite1868
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > resins > others
Highgate1813
lucullite1819
guayaquillite1838
fichtelite1844
ixolite1846
branchite1851
xyloretin1852
retinite1853
anthracoxene1858
kauri resin1858
tasmanite1864
kauri gum1867
xyloretinite1868
wheelerite1874
ionite1877
muckite1879
1852 W. Gregory Handbk. Org. Chem. (ed. 3) 417 Tekoretine, Phylloretine, Xyloretine, and Boloretine, are the names of four resinous compounds, found in the peat of Denmark, on the remains of pine-trees.
xyloretinite n.
Brit. /ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈrɛtᵻnʌɪt/
,
U.S. /ˌzaɪloʊˈrɛtnˌaɪt/
Chemistry = xyloretin n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > processed resinous materials > [noun] > derived from fossil pine-wood
xyloretin1852
xyloretinite1868
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > resins > others
Highgate1813
lucullite1819
guayaquillite1838
fichtelite1844
ixolite1846
branchite1851
xyloretin1852
retinite1853
anthracoxene1858
kauri resin1858
tasmanite1864
kauri gum1867
xyloretinite1868
wheelerite1874
ionite1877
muckite1879
1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 743 Xyloretinite was derived by Forchhammer through the action of alcohol on fossil pine-wood from the marshes of Holtegaard in Denmark.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
xylostroma n.
Brit. /ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈstrəʊmə/
,
U.S. /ˌzaɪloʊˈstroʊmə/
[modern Latin, < Greek στρῶμα something spread out, a bed, coverlet] Botany the mycelium of certain polyporoid fungi (originally supposed a distinct genus) which forms a dense leathery sheet on the surface of wood.
xylostromatoid adj.
Brit. /ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈstrəʊmətɔɪd/
,
U.S. /ˌzaɪloʊˈstroʊməˌtɔɪd/
[-oid suffix] resembling a xylostroma.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [adjective] > of, bearing, or characterized by parts
umbonated1752
operculate1775
veiled1776
adnexed1821
pileate1828
sorediferous1829
umbonate1829
floccose1830
adglutinate1831
angiosporous1847
stylosporous1851
byssoid1857
mycelioid1857
sclerotioid1857
soredioid1857
pileiform1858
basidiosporous1859
pileated1859
sorediform1859
tigellular1860
tetradymous1866
tigellate1866
mycelial1867
xylostromatoid1871
hymenial1874
hyphal1875
aecidial1876
pycnidial1877
teleutosporic1880
sorediate1881
pollinodial1886
peridial1887
promycelial1887
mycelian1891
uredosporiferous1895
uredosporous1895
hemiangiocarpous1900
uredinial1900
periplasmic1901
hemiangiocarpic1902
wefted1902
zygophoric1904
aecial1905
pycnial1905
telial1905
sporodochial1913
holocarpic1916
uredinoid1929
uredial1937
monokaryotic1941
protoperithecial1948
parathecial1953
1871 M. C. Cooke Handbk. Brit. Fungi I. 282 Polyporus vitreus... ‘Glassy Polyporus.’.. Distinguished by its distinct xylostromatoid sub-stratum, which separates easily from the matrix.
xylotherapy n.
Brit. /ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)ˈθɛrəpi/
,
U.S. /ˌzaɪloʊˈθɛrəpi/
[Greek θεραπεία healing] Medicine the use of certain kinds of wood in the cure of disease (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by medicine or drug > [noun] > treatment with specific substances > xylotherapy
xylotherapy1880
1880 Boston Jrnl. Chem. Dec. 144 At a recent meeting of the Société de Thérapeutique M. Dujardin-Beaumetz read for M. Jourdanis a note on the æsthesiogenic properties of certain woods applied to the skin, which he calls xylotherapy. M. Jourdanis has applied plates of wood to the insensible skin, and as with plates of metal, magnets,..and blisters has obtained a return of sensibility.
xylotile n.
Brit. /ˈzʌɪlətʌɪl/
,
U.S. /ˈzaɪləˌtaɪl/
(also xylotil
Brit. /ˈzʌɪlətɪl/
,
U.S. /ˈzaɪləd(ə)l/
) [German xylotil; Greek τίλος down, fine hair] Mineralogy a mineral allied to (or a variety of) asbestos, also called mountain-wood.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > amphibole (double chain) > [noun] > asbestos > others
rock cork1762
rock flesh1762
rock leather1762
rock wood1762
asbestinite1794
asbestoid1794
xylocryptite1820
byssolite1847
xylite1850
xylotile1864
xylolite1868
wood-rock1889
amosite1918
1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Xylotile.
1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 406 Xylotile..is probably only an altered asbestus. It occurs delicately fibrous;..wood-brown, light or dark, and also green in color.
xylotomous adj.
Brit. /zʌɪˈlɒtəməs/
,
U.S. /zaɪˈlɑdəməs/
[Greek -τομος cutting] that cuts or pierces wood, as an insect.
xylotypographic adj.
Brit. /ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)tʌɪpəˈɡrafɪk/
,
/ˌzʌɪlə(ʊ)tɪpəˈɡrafɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌzaɪloʊˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪk/
[typographic adj.] printed from wooden blocks or types.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > printing > specific methods or processes > [adjective] > printing from blocks
tabular1816
xylotypographic1872
block-printed1883
1872 W. Skeen Early Typogr. 417 The xylotypographic text.
xylulose n.
Brit. /ˈzʌɪljᵿləʊs/
,
U.S. /ˈzaɪl(j)əˌloʊs/
,
/ˈzaɪl(j)əˌloʊz/
[-ulose suffix2] Chemistry a keto pentose that corresponds to the aldo pentose xylose and occurs in the urine of pentosurics.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from animals or humans > [noun] > miscellaneous other substances
guanine1850
amyloid1872
chitosan1895
chondroitin1895
xanthopterin1926
lipocaic1936
xylulose1936
1936 Levene & Tipson in Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 115 731 For simplicity it would seem desirable to term the ketose ‘d- xylulose’, in conformity with the nomenclature accepted for other keto sugars.
1964 D. Y. Hsia in G. A. Duncan Dis. Metabolism (ed. 5) v. 349 Lasker reported that she had identified l-xylulose in all 72 pentosuric urines that she had tested.
1968 Marks & Samols in F. Dickens et al. Carbohydrate Metabolism II. xiii. 351 The existence of this pathway of glucose metabolism was first recognised as a result of studies on the biosynthesis of l-ascorbic acid in animals and of l-xylulose in pentosurics.
1974 B. S. Hartley in M. J. Carlile & J. J. Skehel Evol. in Microbial World 170 A mutant of this organism constitutive for ribitol dehydrogenase grows on xylitol by utilising a side specificity of this enzyme to produce xylulose.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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