working papern.

Brit.

/ˈwəːkɪŋ ˌpeɪpə/, U.S.

/ˈwərkɪŋ ˌpeɪpər/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: working n., paper n.

Etymology: < working n. + paper n.

1. An official document certifying that a person is eligible to undertake paid work in a particular country, region, etc.; spec. (in some states in the United States) a document entitling a person under a particular age (usually 16 or 18) to be employed. Now chiefly in plural. Cf. working card n. (a) at working n. Compounds 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [noun] > employee's documents > licence or permit to work

working paper1831

work permit1900

togt licence1948

1831 Rep. Select Comm. House of Lords Poor Laws 357 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 227) VIII. 321 It shall only be required of women who apply for a working paper, that it should be signed by the person who last employed them.

1906 Home Missionary Oct. 164/2 Susie was twelve years old, too young to get her ‘working papers’ for regular employment.

1951 W. S. Burroughs Let. May (1993) 92 As for working papers, they don't mean a thing. I see you never dealt with Mexican bureaucrats.

1968 J. McPhee Pine Barrens 90 There is usually a high percentage of schoolchildren, some of whom appear to be too young to have working papers.

2009 M. Estrin Good Doctor Guillotin iii. xxii. 245 He was too frightening to work in stores with customers... Besides, he had no working papers or letters of commendation.

2. North American. Accounting. In plural. A set of documents or files in which an auditor records and holds the preliminary data for an audit.

ΚΠ

1887 Let. 19 May in Accountant 21 May 306/2 Can you or any of your subscribers inform me if there has ever been a legal decision as to whether the rough working papers of an accountant can be claimed by a client or his agent?

1923 J. H. Jackson (title) Audit working papers. Their preparation and content.

1947 Accountants Digest 13 200/1 The auditor should keep in mind that his working papers will serve several purposes, such as the preparation of the text and schedules of the audit report; the preparation of tax returns [etc.].

1997 J. Fulford Accountant's Guide to Excel 238 She has never had any problems when the Sales Tax people come out to check her working papers.

2002 A. Millichamp Auditing xvii. 122 Note that working papers may in part be held in computer form.

3. A report written by an official committee or group appointed to investigate some aspect of law, education, health, etc., often containing recommendations for action based on its findings. Cf. working party n. 3.

ΘΠ

society > communication > information > reporting > [noun] > a report > formal

report1581

return1618

annual report1724

committee report1776

communiqué1852

working paper1945

1945 Far Eastern Surv. 14 158/2 Membership on the Trusteeship Council, as proposed in the ‘working paper’, was to consist of ‘specially qualified representatives’ [of the U.N. General Assembly].

1977 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 20 Jan. 6/1 The Government published a working paper..which set out some possibilities... The government it seemed was toying with the idea of ‘privatization’.

1989 Chemist & Druggist 16 Sept. 412/2 For GPs operating the practice budget schemes, the Government working papers suggested the budget would be an actual allocation.

2012 B. A. Nilsen Week by Week (ed. 6) v. 154/2 This is how the National Scientific Council on the Developing Child (2008) opens a working paper on the issue of mental health problems in early childhood.

4. A preliminary draft or version of an academic paper made available for commentary, discussion, or feedback.

1953 T. Parsons et al. (title) Working papers in the theory of action.

1975 I. Illich Med. Nemesis 9 This working paper was written for the series Ideas in Progress.

1990 Oxf. Inst. for Energy Stud. Ann. Rep. 46 During her visit she produced, together with co-author Mine Yucel, a working paper on dynamic modelling.

2001 B. B. Burgess Fate of Wild (2003) i. i. 13 In a working paper released in 1995, Meyer provided key data on the impact of endangered species on the economies of states.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	working paper
释义	working papern. Brit. /ˈwəːkɪŋ ˌpeɪpə/, U.S. /ˈwərkɪŋ ˌpeɪpər/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: working n., paper n. Etymology: < working n. + paper n. 1. An official document certifying that a person is eligible to undertake paid work in a particular country, region, etc.; spec. (in some states in the United States) a document entitling a person under a particular age (usually 16 or 18) to be employed. Now chiefly in plural. Cf. working card n. (a) at working n. Compounds 3. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [noun] > employee's documents > licence or permit to work working paper1831 work permit1900 togt licence1948 1831 Rep. Select Comm. House of Lords Poor Laws 357 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 227) VIII. 321 It shall only be required of women who apply for a working paper, that it should be signed by the person who last employed them. 1906 Home Missionary Oct. 164/2 Susie was twelve years old, too young to get her ‘working papers’ for regular employment. 1951 W. S. Burroughs Let. May (1993) 92 As for working papers, they don't mean a thing. I see you never dealt with Mexican bureaucrats. 1968 J. McPhee Pine Barrens 90 There is usually a high percentage of schoolchildren, some of whom appear to be too young to have working papers. 2009 M. Estrin Good Doctor Guillotin iii. xxii. 245 He was too frightening to work in stores with customers... Besides, he had no working papers or letters of commendation. 2. North American. Accounting. In plural. A set of documents or files in which an auditor records and holds the preliminary data for an audit. ΚΠ 1887 Let. 19 May in Accountant 21 May 306/2 Can you or any of your subscribers inform me if there has ever been a legal decision as to whether the rough working papers of an accountant can be claimed by a client or his agent? 1923 J. H. Jackson (title) Audit working papers. Their preparation and content. 1947 Accountants Digest 13 200/1 The auditor should keep in mind that his working papers will serve several purposes, such as the preparation of the text and schedules of the audit report; the preparation of tax returns [etc.]. 1997 J. Fulford Accountant's Guide to Excel 238 She has never had any problems when the Sales Tax people come out to check her working papers. 2002 A. Millichamp Auditing xvii. 122 Note that working papers may in part be held in computer form. 3. A report written by an official committee or group appointed to investigate some aspect of law, education, health, etc., often containing recommendations for action based on its findings. Cf. working party n. 3. ΘΠ society > communication > information > reporting > [noun] > a report > formal report1581 return1618 annual report1724 committee report1776 communiqué1852 working paper1945 1945 Far Eastern Surv. 14 158/2 Membership on the Trusteeship Council, as proposed in the ‘working paper’, was to consist of ‘specially qualified representatives’ [of the U.N. General Assembly]. 1977 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 20 Jan. 6/1 The Government published a working paper..which set out some possibilities... The government it seemed was toying with the idea of ‘privatization’. 1989 Chemist & Druggist 16 Sept. 412/2 For GPs operating the practice budget schemes, the Government working papers suggested the budget would be an actual allocation. 2012 B. A. Nilsen Week by Week (ed. 6) v. 154/2 This is how the National Scientific Council on the Developing Child (2008) opens a working paper on the issue of mental health problems in early childhood. 4. A preliminary draft or version of an academic paper made available for commentary, discussion, or feedback. Π 1953 T. Parsons et al. (title) Working papers in the theory of action. 1975 I. Illich Med. Nemesis 9 This working paper was written for the series Ideas in Progress. 1990 Oxf. Inst. for Energy Stud. Ann. Rep. 46 During her visit she produced, together with co-author Mine Yucel, a working paper on dynamic modelling. 2001 B. B. Burgess Fate of Wild (2003) i. i. 13 In a working paper released in 1995, Meyer provided key data on the impact of endangered species on the economies of states. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1831
随便看	spongepole sponger spongers sponges spongestaff spongestone spongeswamp spongetree spongewood spongework spongi spongi- spongiary spongiculture spongier spongiest spongiferous spongiform spongiform encephalopathy spongilla spongilla fly spongillid spongilline spongily spongin